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- Jass, Jana, et al.
(author)
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Effect of cranberry drink on bacterial adhesion in vitro and vaginal microbiota in healthy females
- 2009
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In: Canadian journal of urology. - Baie d'Urfé, Quebec : Rodar Publishing.. - 1195-9479. ; 16:6, s. 4901-4907
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction/objective: Cranberries have been shown to produce urinary metabolites that influence uropathogen adhesion and prevent urinary tract infections. This study was designed to determine if consuming reconstituted, unsweetened cranberry drink from extract retained its bioactive properties by reducing uropathogen adhesion without adversely affecting urinary calcium, magnesium and the vaginal microflora. Materials and methods: A randomized crossover study Was undertaken in 12 healthy Women consuming reconstituted unsweetened cranberry drink, CranActin or Water. The urine was collected at 4 hours and 1 week of consumption and evaluated for antiadhesive properties and urinary pH, calcium and magnesium. Vaginal swabs Were collected after 1 Week of treatment to assess the vaginal microbiota by DGGE. Results: The resultant urine produced by subjects who consumed 500 ml reconstituted cranberry extract twice per day, significantly reduced the adherence to epithelial cells of P-fimbriated uropathogenic Escherichia coli and showed a tendency towards significance for two E. coli strains expressing fimbriae and an Enterococcus faecalis isolate. The cranberry drink treatment did not alter urinary pH, but reduced calcium and magnesium concentrations compared to Water, although not to statistical significance. The reconstituted cranberry drink may retain the ability to effect on the vaginal microbiota. However, consuming twice daily resulted in an apparent loss of a potential pathogen from the vagina in 42% subjects. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that reconstituted cranberry drink may retain the ability to reduce the risk of UTI by inhibiting pathogen adhesion While not detrimentally affecting urinary pH or vaginal microbiota, or the risk of calculi.
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| 3. |
- Yavari, Nazila, et al.
(author)
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An overview on preclinical and clinical experiences with photodynamic therapy for bladder cancer
- 2011
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In: Canadian Journal of Urology. - 1195-9479. ; 18:4, s. 5778-5786
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the most interesting methods of photo treatment. In general, PDT is a modality for the treatment of non-muscle invasive tumors. PDT is very well suited in managing bladder cancer, as the bladder is accessible by endoscopy and the tumors are most often limited to the mucosa or sub-mucosa. PDT is likely more useful for patients with recurrent tumors after conventional therapies, as well as for patients with diffuse non-muscle invasive bladder carcinomas that are refractory to standard treatments before the commitment to radical extirpative surgery, particularly in patients at surgical high risk. The treatment of tumors with PDT includes three major parameters: presence of oxygen in tumor tissue, administration of a photosensitizer, and subsequent exposure to light. The PDT mechanism relies on the in situ generation of cytotoxic agents by the activation of a light-sensitive drug, resulting in cell death. In this review, we present past and current advances in the use of PDT with urinary bladder cancer and discuss the future roles for this type of therapy in the treatment of bladder cancer.
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