| 1. |
- Aazh, H, et al.
(author)
-
Influence of ear canal occlusion and static pressure difference on bone conduction thresholds: Implications for mechanisms of bone conduction
- 2005
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 44:5, s. 302-306
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of air pressure change on bone conduction (BC) hearing thresholds in the occluded ear was investigated. The pump manometer system of an impedance bridge was used to change the air pressure in the ear canal of twenty-two normally hearing subjects. BC thresholds were measured with: (1) open ear; (2) the ear canal occluded with a probe tube and application of 0 daPa air pressure; and (3) the ear canal occluded with a probe tube and application of -350 daPa air pressure. Thresholds were lower in condition 2 than in condition 1, the difference decreasing from 27 dB at 2500 Hz to 4.5 dB at 2000 Hz. Thresholds were higher in condition 3 than in condition 2. The results are interpreted in terms of changes in the relative contribution of the three routes of transmission for BC sound produced by occlusion and by a static pressure difference.
|
|
| 2. |
- Akeroyd, Michael A., et al.
(author)
-
International Collegium of Rehabilitative Audiology (ICRA) recommendations for the construction of multilingual speech tests ICRA Working Group on Multilingual Speech Tests
- 2015
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 54, s. 17-22
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To provide guidelines for the development of two types of closed-set speech-perception tests that can be applied and interpreted in the same way across languages. The guidelines cover the digit triplet and the matrix sentence tests that are most commonly used to test speech recognition in noise. They were developed by a working group on Multilingual Speech Tests of the International Collegium of Rehabilitative Audiology (ICRA). Design: The recommendations are based on reviews of existing evaluations of the digit triplet and matrix tests as well as on the research experience of members of the ICRA Working Group. They represent the results of a consensus process. Results: The resulting recommendations deal with: Test design and word selection; Talker characteristics; Audio recording and stimulus preparation; Masking noise; Test administration; and Test validation. Conclusions: By following these guidelines for the development of any new test of this kind, clinicians and researchers working in any language will be able to perform tests whose results can be compared and combined in cross-language studies.
|
|
| 3. |
- Andersson, Eva, 1943-, et al.
(author)
-
Audiometric screening of a population with intellectual disability
- 2013
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - London : Informa Healthcare. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 52:1, s. 50-56
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Evaluation of pure-tone audiometry (PTA) in hearing screening of a population with mild to profound intellectual disability (ID).Design: PTA was performed at six frequencies at the screening level 20 dB HL. Referral criteria were threshold levels ≥ 25 dB HL at two or more frequencies for one ear or both.Study sample: 1478 participants aged 7–91 years were included.Results: 1470 (99.5%) people cooperated in screening of which 1325 (90%) could be tested on both ears at all six frequencies. A majority, 987 (66.8%), performed ordinary PTA, 234 (15.8%) conditioned play audiometry, and 249 (16.9%) behavioural observation audiometry. Six hundred and sixty-nine (45%) passed and 809 (55%) failed according to referral criteria. Of those failing, 441 (54.5%) accepted referral to clinical evaluation.Conclusions: PTA with slight modifications is applicable for screening of a population with mild to profound intellectual disability. The most challenging and time-consuming activity is to introduce the test procedure in a way that reduces anxiety and establishes trust.
|
|
| 4. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, 1966-, et al.
(author)
-
Treatment of tinnitus in the elderly : A controlled trial of cognitive behavior therapy
- 2005
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 44:11, s. 671-675
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in elderly people with tinnitus (<65 years). Thirty-seven patients were called in for a structured interview. Following exclusion, twenty-three participated in the trial. All participants underwent medical ear, nose, and throat (ENT) examination, audiometry, and tinnitus matchings. A randomized controlled design with a waiting list control group was used. A CBT treatment package was delivered in six weekly two hour group sessions. Outcome was measured using validated self-report inventories and daily diary ratings of annoyance, loudness and sleep quality for one week pre-treatment, post-treatment. A three month follow-up was included at which time all participants had received treatment, but in a shorter format for the control group. Results showed statistically significant reductions of tinnitus-related distress. Thus, CBT was better than no treatment, but the particular aspects of CBT that contributed to the effects can not be established. In conclusion, the findings give some support for the use of group CBT for elderly people with tinnitus. © 2005 British Society of Audiology, International Society of Audiology, and Nordic Audiological Society.
|
|
| 5. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
-
Understanding tinnitus distress : Introducing the concepts of moderators and mediators
- 2008
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 47:S2, s. S106-S111
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We focus this theoretical paper on a neglected distinction in tinnitus research between moderators and mediators of tinnitus distress. A moderator variable is one that influences the strength of a relationship between two other variables. In the paper we propose that several variables might act as moderators of tinnitus distress. Degree of hearing loss, arousal, insomnia, characteristics of tinnitus, noise sensitivity, and a range of psychological factors such as personality and perceived control are discussed as potential moderators. We then move on to mediator variables. A mediator variable is one that explains the relationship between the two other variables, and must by definition be caused by a predictor, and then mediate between the predictor and the dependent variable. We propose that stress levels (caused by tinnitus), classical conditioning, selective attention towards tinnitus, and psychological acceptance of tinnitus (versus experiential avoidance) might be mediators of distress. We encourage more research on moderators and mediators of tinnitus distress, as these will help illuminate treatment protocols and how they might work.
|
|
| 6. |
- Arlinger, Stig, 1939-
(author)
-
A survey of public health policy on bilateral fittings and comparison with market trends : The evidence-base required to frame policy
- 2006
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 45:SUPPL. 1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This report presents a review of the situation in a number of countries with respect to public health policy for funding of hearing aid services in general and support to bilateral fittings in particular. The data show considerable variations among the countries studied in number of hearing aids fitted per 1000 inhabitants, differing by a factor of 6 between the extremes. Also the percentage of bilateral fittings differs with an average estimated to be of the order of 50%. For hearing-impaired children, bilateral fittings are given full financial support in most countries studied. The data presented indicate the need for a reliable, scientifically valid evidence-base regarding bilateral hearing aid fitting. © 2006 British Society of Audiology, International Society of Audiology, and Nordic Audiological Society.
|
|
| 7. |
- Arlinger, Stig
(author)
-
Letter from the editor-in-chief
- 2002
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 41:1
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
|
|
| 8. |
- Arlinger, Stig, 1939-
(author)
-
Negative consequences of uncorrected hearing loss - A review
- 2003
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 42:SUPPL. 2
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hearing loss gives rise to a number of disabilities. Problems in recognizing speech, especially in difficult environments, give rise to the largest number of complaints. Other kinds of disabilities may concern the reduced ability to detect, identify and localize sounds quickly and reliably. Such sounds may be warning or alarm signals, as well as music and birds singing. The communicative disability affects both hearing-impaired people and other people in their environment-family members, fellow workers, etc. Hearing-impaired people are not always aware of all the consequences of the impairment, they do not always know what they are missing. Several studies have shown that uncorrected hearing loss gives rise to poorer quality of life, related to isolation, reduced social activity, and a feeling of being excluded, leading to an increased prevalence of symptoms of depression. These findings indicate the importance of early identification of hearing loss and offers of rehabilitative support, where the fitting of hearing aids is usually an important component. Several studies also point to a significant correlation between hearing loss and loss of cognitive functions. Most of these studies show such a correlation without being able to show whether the hearing loss caused the reduction in cognitive performance or if both the hearing loss and the cognitive decline are parts of a common, general age-related degeneration. A couple of these studies, however, indicate that the uncorrected hearing loss may be the cause of cognitive decline. Whichever alternative is true, the correlation should be seen as a clear indication for early hearing aid fitting for those needing it. Monaural hearing aid fitting in subjects with bilateral hearing loss may give rise to a reduced ability to recognize speech presented to the unaided ear, the so-called late-onset auditory deprivation effect. This functional decline is reversible in some but not all subjects after fitting of a hearing aid also on the previously unaided ear.
|
|
| 9. |
- Asp, Filip, et al.
(author)
-
A longitudinal study of the bilateral benefit in children with bilateral cochlear implants
- 2015
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 54:2, s. 77-88
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the development of the bilateral benefit in children using bilateral cochlear implants by measurements of speech recognition and sound localization.DESIGN: Bilateral and unilateral speech recognition in quiet, in multi-source noise, and horizontal sound localization was measured at three occasions during a two-year period, without controlling for age or implant experience. Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses were performed. Results were compared to cross-sectional data from children with normal hearing.STUDY SAMPLE: Seventy-eight children aged 5.1-11.9 years, with a mean bilateral cochlear implant experience of 3.3 years and a mean age of 7.8 years, at inclusion in the study. Thirty children with normal hearing aged 4.8-9.0 years provided normative data.RESULTS: For children with cochlear implants, bilateral and unilateral speech recognition in quiet was comparable whereas a bilateral benefit for speech recognition in noise and sound localization was found at all three test occasions. Absolute performance was lower than in children with normal hearing. Early bilateral implantation facilitated sound localization.CONCLUSIONS: A bilateral benefit for speech recognition in noise and sound localization continues to exist over time for children with bilateral cochlear implants, but no relative improvement is found after three years of bilateral cochlear implant experience.
|
|
| 10. |
- Asp, Filip, et al.
(author)
-
Bilateral versus unilateral cochlear implants in children: Speech recognition, sound localization, and parental reports
- 2012
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 51:11, s. 817-832
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To compare bilateral and unilateral speech recognition in quiet and in multi-source noise, and horizontal sound localization of low and high frequency sounds in children with bilateral cochlear implants. Design: Bilateral performance was compared to performance of the implanted side with the best monaural speech recognition in quiet result. Parental reports were collected in a questionnaire. Results from the CI children were compared to binaural and monaural performance of normal-hearing peers. Study sample: Sixty-four children aged 5.1-11.9 years who were daily users of bilateral cochlear implants. Thirty normal-hearing children aged 4.8-9.0 years were recruited as controls. Results and Conclusions : Group data showed a statistically significant bilateral speech recognition and sound localization benefit, both behaviorally and in parental reports. The bilateral speech recognition benefit was smaller in quiet than in noise. The majority of subjects localized high and low frequency sounds significantly better than chance using bilateral implants, while localization accuracy was close to chance using unilateral implants. Binaural normal-hearing performance was better than bilateral performance in implanted children across tests, while bilaterally implanted children showed better localization than normal-hearing children under acute monaural conditions.
|
|
| 11. |
- Asp, Filip, et al.
(author)
-
Horizontal sound localisation accuracy in individuals with conductive hearing loss: effect of the bone conduction implant
- 2018
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 57:9, s. 657-664
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The objective of this study is to quantify the effect of the Bone Conduction Implant (BCI) on sound localisation accuracy in subjects with conductive hearing loss (CHL). Design: The subjects were tested in a horizontal sound localisation task in which localisation responses were objectively obtained by eye-tracking, in a prospective, cross-sectional design. The tests were performed unaided and unilaterally aided. The stimulus used had a spectrum similar to female speech and was presented at 63 and 73 dB SPL. The main outcome measure was the error index (EI), ranging from 0 to 1 (perfect to random performance). Study sample: Eleven subjects (aged 21–75 years, five females) with BCI participated in the study. Their mixed/conductive hearing loss was either unilateral (n = 5) or bilateral (n = 6). Results: Three of five subjects (60%) with unilateral CHL, and four of six subjects (67%) with bilateral CHL showed significantly improved sound localisation when using a unilateral BCI (p <.05). For the subjects with bilateral CHL, a distinct linear relation between aided sound localisation and hearing thresholds in the non-implant ear existed at 73 dB SPL (18% decrease in the EI per 10 dB decrease in pure-tone average, r = 0.98, p <.001). Conclusions: Individuals with mixed/conductive hearing loss may benefit from a unilateral BCI in sound localisation.
|
|
| 12. |
- Bergemalm, P.-O., et al.
(author)
-
Appearances are deceptive? Long-term cognitive and central auditory sequelae from closed head injury
- 2005
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 44:1, s. 39-49
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was to examine possible signs of long-term cognitive and/or central auditory sequelae seven to eleven years after a closed head injury (CHI) of sufficient severity to cause scull fracture and/or brain contusion. Another purpose was that this investigation should be carried out in a group of recovered trauma victims with, to the individual, no known or minimal sequelae. A computer-based set of five cognitive tests and three central auditory tests were used in a group of formerly brain-injured patients who considered themselves as well recovered. Most of the participants did not report any signs of cognitive or auditory impairment. Tests of working memory capacity, verbal information processing speed, phonological processing and verbal inference-making ability were used. Auditory brain response (ABR), distorted speech audiometry (interrupted speech), and phase audiometry were used to test central auditory function. The initial severity of brain damage, i.e. status when the patient arrived at the emergency ward, was estimated with Swedish Reaction Level Scale (RLS). Cognitive shortcomings after CHI were demonstrated in a high percentage (59%, 13/22) of the cases seven to eleven years after the injury. Central auditory processing disorders (APD) were also demonstrated in a fairly high percentage (58%, 11/19) of the subjects. None of the correlations between RLS and the results on cognitive and central auditory tests reached statistical significance. However, there was a correlation between cognitive performance and the results on the central auditory tests used in this investigation. Eighty percent (8/10) of those participants with pathologies on ABR and/or phase audiometry and/or IS also failed on one or more of the cognitive tasks, compared to 44% (4/9) among those with no signs of APD. It is possible, many years after CHI, to observe cognitive shortcomings and APD in a relatively high percentage of CHI cases that are subjectively considered to be fairly well recovered. The cognitive tasks used in the study have proved to be a sensitive method to discover cognitive impairments. Long-term cognitive sequelae and APD could not be predicted from RLS scores. © 2005 British Society of Audiology, International Society of Audiology, and Nordic Audiological Society.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Beukes, Eldre W., et al.
(author)
-
Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus in Spanish: a global feasibility trial
- 2022
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 61:8, s. 632-641
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) for tinnitus is an evidence-based intervention, but only available in a few languages. To increase accessibility, ICBT was translated into Spanish. This studys objective was to determine the feasibility of ICBT for Spanish speakers. Design A single-group pre-test post-test design was used. Compliance, engagement, acceptance and outcome feasibility were measured. Study Sample Forty-six Spanish speakers with tinnitus were screened. There were 32 participants meeting the eligibility criteria, with a mean age of 47 (+/- 11) years. Of these 91% were Hispanic or Latino with 66% living in Spain and 34% living in South America. Results Outcome feasibility was established, as a large pre- and post-test within-group effect size of d = 0.90 was found for tinnitus severity. Large pre- and post-test effect sizes were also present for the secondary outcomes of anxiety and depression with a medium effect for insomnia, health-related quality of life, and tinnitus cognitions. Intervention engagement and compliance were not optimal although no participants withdrew. Intervention acceptance rates indicated scope for improvement. Conclusions ICBT for Spanish communities appears to be feasible. A randomised controlled trial is required to further investigate the effects and identify ways of improving engagement and attracting Spanish speakers from different countries.
|
|
| 16. |
- Beukes, Eldre W., et al.
(author)
-
Participants experiences of an Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy intervention for tinnitus
- 2018
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 57:12, s. 947-954
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: This study aimed to explore participants experiences after undertaking an Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy intervention (ICBT) for tinnitus. Design: Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted 6-8 months after participants undertook the ICBT intervention. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to interpret the interview data. Study sample: A purposeful sampling strategy was used to identify a diverse range of participants. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 15 participants. The mean age was 58.5 years, 7 men and 8 women participated. Results: The analysis generated the following main themes: (1) expectations and motivation for doing the intervention, (2) experiences of the intervention, (3) intervention engagement and (4) intervention effects. Most participants expectations were hopeful that the intervention would lessen the impact of their tinnitus. Aspects of the intervention that were beneficial, as well as difficult, were identified together with the impact they had on engagement. Intervention effects were evident on both tinnitus and activities of daily life. Conclusions: The benefits described by participants indicate the potential of ICBT as an alternate form of intervention delivery. The difficulties that hampered engagement need to be addressed to enhance the application and to optimise the clinical acceptability of ICBT for tinnitus.
|
|
| 17. |
- Beukes, Eldre W., et al.
(author)
-
Process evaluation of Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for adults with tinnitus in the context of a randomised control trial
- 2018
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 57:2, s. 98-109
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The research objective was to identify processes that could either facilitate or hinder clinical implementation of an Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy intervention for tinnitus in the UK. This was done by exploring the research context, the intervention components and the factors that contributed to the outcomes obtained. Design: This study investigated eight processes including the recruitment strategies, reach, research context, treatment dose delivered and received, implementation fidelity, barriers to implementation and effectiveness of the intervention. Study sample: Of the 169 registered participants, 146 were randomly assigned to the experimental or control groups (23 were excluded). The mean age was 55.57 years with an average tinnitus duration of 11.63 years. Results: The intended sample of people with distressing tinnitus who were underserved with evidence-based tinnitus interventions was reached. The full guided intervention was delivered. The recommended modules were read more than the optional modules. Intervention components such as the easily readable format and the benefits of the applied relaxation programme facilitated significant positive post-intervention outcomes. Barriers hampering the intervention application included time pressures and low self-motivation. Conclusions: Results of this process evaluation together with the outcome data can be used to facilitate translating this research into clinical practice.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Borch Petersen, Eline, et al.
(author)
-
Danish Reading Span data from 283 hearing-aid users, including a sub-group analysis of their relationship to speech-in-noise performance
- 2016
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 55:4, s. 254-261
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: This study provides descriptive statistics of the Danish reading span (RS) test for hearing-impaired adults. The combined effect of hearing loss, RS score, and age on speech-in-noise performance in different spatial settings was evaluated in a subset of participants. Design: Data from published and unpublished studies were re-analysed. Data regarding speech-in-noise performance with co-located or spatially separated sound sources were available for a subset of participants. Study sample: RS scores from 283 hearing-impaired participants were extracted from past studies, and 239 of these participants had completed a speech-in-noise test. Results: RS scores (mean = 41.91%, standard deviation = 11.29%) were related to age (p <0.01), but not pure-tone average (PTA) (p = 0.29). Speech-in-noise performance for co-located sound sources was related to PTA and RS score (both p < 0.01, adjusted R-squared = 0.226). Performance for spatially separated sounds was related to PTA (p < 0.01, adjusted R-squared = 0.10) but not RS score (p = 0.484). We found no differences between the standardized coefficients of the two regression models. Conclusions: The distribution of RS scores indicated a high test difficulty. We found that age should be controlled when RS scores are compared across populations. The experimental setup of the speech-in-noise test may influence the relationship between performance and RS score.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Borg, Erik, et al.
(author)
-
Behavioural awareness, interaction and counselling education in audiological rehabilitation : development of methods and application in a pilot study
- 2002
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 41:5, s. 308-320
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In conventional audiological rehabilitation, the hearing therapist interacts with the hearing-impaired person and with significant others. In order to strengthen the personality and self-confidence of the hearing-impaired individual, a different strategy was designed and implemented whereby the pedagogic interaction was directed only towards the hearing-impaired individual, who in turn worked as a tutor/aid/counsellor to the communication partner. On the basis of an interactive communication model, new methods for rehabilitation of subjects with moderate hearing impairment were developed and evaluated in a pilot study on 13 men with noise-induced hearing loss. A course programme was developed with three main active components: (1) increased insight and knowledge; (2) education as counsellors with the ability to focus on the problems of the communication partner; and (3) motivation to change through group discussion and reflexive conversation. Increased insight and knowledge were obtained through test and training experiences in a sound environmental chamber, tutorials and discussions. The pedagogic training focused on helping the hearing-impaired subjects to become able communication counsellors in relation to their interlocutors. An act-react, offensive-defensive paradigm was used in conjunction with transactional analysis. Results of the pilot study were evaluated using questionnaires, interviews and a method of dialogue analysis. The results were evaluated for the hearing-impaired and the partner and in recordings of conversations in the home environment. There were clearly positive cognitive and emotional effects seen in the inquiries and interviews. The observations from the dialogue analysis indicated only small effects, with the exception of the two individuals with the most pronounced functional impairment, for whom dialogue was improved after the course. It was concluded that these new methods could contribute new possibilities in rehabilitation programmes, emphasizing the shared responsibility for communication and the unique competence and abilities of the hearing-impaired person.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Borg, Erik, et al.
(author)
-
New perspectives on counselling in audiological habilitation/rehabilitation
- 2015
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 54:1, s. 11-19
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To develop and apply a pedagogical method focusing on Empowerment, Empathy, Competence, and Counselling: the EC programme, and to present an initial evaluation. Design: The EC programme was gradually developed within a study circle framework and in dialogue with study circle leaders and participants (clients) with hearing impairment (HI). An evaluation was carried out with the study circle leaders. Study sample : Seventeen upper secondary school students with HI took part in the development of the programme. Eighteen study circle leaders responded to a questionnaire. Results: The EC programme developed consisted of films, CD, and DVD productions to increase insight into one's own hearing ability, to demonstrate for others what HI means, strategies to evaluate situations, and help to act constructively in social situations. The study circle leaders found most of the course material appropriate and easy to use, as a whole or in parts. The leaders' evaluations indicated that the clients had increased their knowledge about how the HI affected themselves and others. The clients had improved their self-confidence and their empathic view of others. Conclusion: The EC programme can be used in its entirety or in part. Participation may lead to increased empowerment, empathy, competence and counselling ability.
|
|
| 25. |
- Brunnberg, Elinor, et al.
(author)
-
Tinnitus and hearing loss in 15-16-year-old students : mental health symptoms, substance use, and exposure in school
- 2008
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 47:11, s. 688-694
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current study assessed the responses from a survey titled ”Life and Health – Young People 2005”, completed by 2.878 15-16 year-old adolescents in mainstream schools in the county of Örebro, Sweden. Thirty-nine percent of students with hearing loss (slight, mild, or moderate) and 6% of students with normal hearing reported tinnitus often or always during the past three months. Almost no gender difference was observed among students with normal hearing reporting tinnitus (boys 6.3%, girls 5.6%); however, a gender difference was noticed among hard-of-hearing (HH) students (boys 50%, girls 28%). Adolescents with both hearing loss and tinnitus reported considerably higher scores for mental symptoms, substance use, and school problems than other students. Anxiety in the past three months, male gender, and alcohol consumption in the past year were associated with tinnitus in HH students; irritation and anxiety in the past three months, disability, use of illicit drugs, and truancy predicted tinnitus in the normal hearing group. Consequently, students with a hearing loss and tinnitus are at high risk and should be monitored for subsequent problems.
|
|
| 26. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Acceptable noise level with Danish, Swedish, and non-semantic speech materials.
- 2012
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1708-8186 .- 1499-2027. ; 51, s. 146-156
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Acceptable noise level (ANL) has been established as a method to quantify the acceptance of background noise while listening to speech presented at the most comfortable level. The aim of the present study was to generate Danish, Swedish, and a non-semantic version of the ANL test and investigate normal-hearing Danish and Swedish subjects' performance on these tests. Design: ANL was measured using Danish and Swedish running speech with two different noises: Speech-weighted amplitude-modulated noise, and multitalker speech babble. ANL was also measured using the non-semantic international speech test signal (ISTS) as speech signal together with the speech-weighted amplitude-modulated noise. The latter condition was identical in both populations. Study sample: Forty Danish and 40 Swedish normal-hearing subjects. Results: In both populations ANL results were similar to previously reported results from American studies. Generally, significant differences were seen between test conditions using different types of noise within ears in each population. Significant differences were seen for ANL across populations, also when the non-semantic ISTS was used as speech signal. Conclusions: The present findings indicate that there are extrinsic factors, such as instructions, affecting the ANL results. Summario Objetivo: Se ha establecido el Nivel de Ruido Aceptable (ANL) como un método para cuantifi car la aceptación de ruido de fondo mientras se escucha lenguaje presentado al nivel más confortable. El objetivo de este estudio fue generar las versiones sueca, danesa y una no-semántica de la prueba ANL e investigar el desempeño de sujetos normoyentes daneses y suecos en estas pruebas. Diseño: Se midió el ANL utilizando un discurso continuo en danés y sueco con dos diferentes ruidos: ruido con amplitud modulada en el rango del lenguaje y balbuceo de varios hablantes. También se midió el ANL utilizando la prueba internacional no-semántica de señal de lenguaje (ISTS) como la señal lingüística junto con ruido con amplitud modulada en el rango del lenguaje. Esta última condición fue idéntica en ambas poblaciones. Muestra: Cuarenta sujetos daneses y 40 sujetos suecos normoyentes. Resultados: en ambas poblaciones los resultados de ANL fueron muy similares a los reportado previamente en estudios americanos. Generalmente, se vieron diferencias signifi cativas para el ANL entre poblaciones, también cuando el ISTS no semántico fue utilizado como señal lingüística. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos indican que hay factores extrínsecos tales como las instrucciones, que afectan los resultados de ANL.
|
|
| 27. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Clinical application of long-term intensity and pitch matches in fluctuating low-frequency hearing loss.
- 2008
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1708-8186 .- 1499-2027. ; 47:7, s. 412-419
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to measure changes in intensity and pitch matches to better assess disease activity in fluctuating hearing loss. Long-term suprathreshold audiometry was carried out at home on a subject with a unilateral fluctuating low-frequency hearing loss during a period when the subject demonstrated no symptoms and a period when the subject reported hearing loss, aural pressure, and tinnitus. Daily measurements of binaural intensity and pitch matches were made. Day-to-day fluctuations were clearly accentuated during the period when the subject experienced symptoms. Specifically, deviations from the reference tone were only observed for binaural pitch matches at 1 kHz during the period without symptoms; however, highly fluctuating binaural intensity and pitch matches were observed at 0.25 kHz during the period with symptoms. These fluctuations were not observed in a normal-hearing group. The results suggest that long-term measurements of binaural intensity and pitch matches can be used to monitor disease activity in fluctuating low-frequency hearing loss.
|
|
| 28. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Interaural attenuation for Sennheiser HDA 200 circumaural earphones.
- 2010
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1708-8186 .- 1499-2027. ; 49:6, s. 467-471
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Interaural attenuation (IA) was evaluated for pure tones (frequency range 125 to 16000 Hz) using Sennheiser HDA 200 circumaural earphones and Telephonics TDH-39P earphones in nine unilaterally deaf subjects. Audiometry was conducted in 1-dB steps using the manual ascending technique in accordance with ISO 8253-1. For all subjects and for all tested frequencies, the lowest IA value for HDA 200 was 42 dB. The present IA values for TDH-39P earphones closely resemble previously reported data. The findings show that the HDA 200 earphones provide more IA than the TDH-39P, especially at lower frequencies (
|
|
| 29. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Long-term measurement of binaural intensity and pitch matches. II. Fluctuating low-frequency hearing loss.
- 2008
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1708-8186 .- 1499-2027. ; 47:11, s. 675-687
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thirteen subjects made consecutive long-term recordings of binaural intensity and pitch matches in their homes using portable equipment to assess hearing fluctuations. Two groups of subjects were used; one with monaural fluctuating low-frequency hearing loss (FLFHL) without vertigo, and one with monaural Meniere's disease (i.e. FLFHL with vertigo). The subjects measured binaural pitch matches using a 0.25- or 1-kHz reference tone presented at 60 dB SPL to one ear, and a loudness-matched test tone of adjustable frequency presented to the other ear during one to several weeks. Their results were compared to those previously obtained from ten normal-hearing subjects. Both groups of subjects showed fluctuations in binaural intensity and pitch matches not seen in the normal-hearing group. We calculated the average day-to-day difference in matched intensity and frequency for each subject's test period as a measure of disease activity. This measure indicated that the group with Meniere's disease has a higher disease activity than the group with FLFHL without vertigo, and that both these groups of subjects had higher disease activity than normal-hearing subjects.
|
|
| 30. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Long-term measurement of binaural intensity matches and pitch matches. I. Normal hearing.
- 2008
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1708-8186 .- 1499-2027. ; 47:2, s. 59-66
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Changes in pitch perception and hearing thresholds over time have been observed in subjects with monaural fluctuating low-frequency hearing loss and Ménière's disease. Long-term suprathreshold audiometry and binaural pitch matches could provide information of these changes. Ten normal subjects were tested for stability of binaural intensity and pitch matches during 9-22 days in their homes with newly developed portable test equipment. Binaural pitch matches were measured using a 0.25- or 1-kHz reference tone presented at 60 dB SPL to one ear, and a loudness-matched test tone of adjustable frequency presented to the other ear. The results showed stable binaural intensity matches (individual inter-quartile ranges, IQRs, 1.2 to 5.7 dB), but binaural pitch matches varied greatly (IQR -0.6 to 5.3% at 0.25 kHz; IQR -1.6 to 7.9% at 1 kHz). Binaural pitch-matching was much better in subjects who could define pitch precisely during monaural pitch matching. It was concluded that in future long-term evaluations of patients with fluctuating inner-ear function, binaural intensity matches could be suitable for all, but binaural pitch matching only for selected patients.
|
|
| 31. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Occupational stress among Swedish audiologists in clinical practice : Reasons for being stressed
- 2016
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 55:8, s. 447-453
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The present study reports on the application of a Swedish translation of the audiologist occupational stress questionnaire (AOSQ) on audiologists working in Sweden. The relations between AOSQ scores and perceived effort, perceived rewards, coping strategies at work, demographic variables such as salary, education length, practise length, and practice type were tested. Design: A cross-sectional e-mail survey using the AOSQ, effort-reward imbalance questionnaire, and demographic questions. Study sample: Four-hundred and four Swedish licensed audiologists working with clients. Results: The Swedish AOSQ translation demonstrated high inter-item correlations and high internal consistency. Several stress factors were identified: time spent at work, accountability, leadership at the workplace, paperwork and practice demands, equipment and clinical protocols, own health concerns, and job control. The outcome on the complete AOSQ questionnaire was related to perceived effort, perceived rewards, coping strategies at work, and age. Conclusions: The Swedish AOSQ translation seems to provide a valid measure of occupational stress among audiologists.
|
|
| 32. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Psychosocial work environment among Swedish audiologists
- 2013
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 52:3, s. 151-161
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The study examined the self-reported psychosocial work environment for audiologists working in three practice types (public, completely private, and private but publicly funded).Design: A cross-sectional e-mail survey using the demand-control-support questionnaire, a short version of the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire, and descriptive data.Study sample: Five-hundred Swedish licensed audiologists.Results: Overall, the results indicate differences in psychosocial work environment pertaining to the practice types. These differences are small and the type explains few percent of the variability accounted in the measures of psychosocial work environment. Social support seems important for the psychosocial work environment and is considered a reward in itself. Using the demand-control model, 29% of the audiologists reported working in a high-stress psychosocial work environment. Using the ERI-ratio to estimate the imbalance between effort and reward it was shown that that 86% of the participants experienced an unfavorable work situation where the rewards do not correspond to the efforts made.Conclusions: The organizational framework has minor effect on self-reported psychosocial work environment for Swedish licensed audiologists. The percentage of unfavorable ERI-ratios seen in Swedish audiologists seems conspicuously high compared to other working populations in general, but also compared to other health service workers.
|
|
| 33. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
The acceptable noise level: The effect of repeated measurements.
- 2014
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1708-8186 .- 1499-2027. ; 53:1, s. 21-29
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: This study explores if increasing number of repetitions might improve the precision of the acceptable noise level (ANL) test. Design: We measured twelve ANL repetitions, i.e. four complete ANL tests (4 × 3 repetitions), at one session using diotic presentation and a non-semantic ANL version. Study sample: Thirty-two normal-hearing adults. Results: Small order and fatigue effects were seen. We used the coefficient of repeatability (CR) to assess the repeatability; CRs ranged between 3.9 and 7.6 dB for the four ANL tests. Using the twelve ANL repetitions we removed the variability of the ANL across subjects by normalizing the data to the individual mean ANL for the twelve repetitions. The mean normalized ANL across the subjects rapidly approached the ANL normalized to the individual mean for the 12 repetitions (0 dB), and after three repetitions the SD seemed to be stable at about 3 dB. Conclusions: The findings suggest that both order and fatigue affect the ANL. The findings also suggest that it may be more accurate to speak of an acceptable noise range than ANL. These findings have large implications for how we understand acceptable noise and it would explain a large part of the variability seen among normal-hearing and perhaps hearing-impaired subjects.
|
|
| 34. |
- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
The effect of repeated measurements and working memory on the most comfortable level in the ANL test.
- 2014
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1708-8186 .- 1499-2027. ; 53:11, s. 787-795
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To study the effect of a large number of repetitions on the most comfortable level (MCL) when doing the acceptable noise level (ANL) test, and explore if MCL variability is related to central cognitive processes. Design: Twelve MCL repetitions were measured within the ANL test using interleaved methodology during one session using a non-semantic version. Phonological (PWM) and visuospatial working memory (VSWM) was measured. Study sample: Thirty-two normal-hearing adults. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA, intraclass correlations, and the coefficient of repeatability (CR) were used to assess the repeatability. Repeated measures ANOVA and CR indicated poor agreement between the two first repetitions. After excluding the first repetition, analyses showed that the MCL in the ANL test is reliable. A negative association was found between PWM and MCL variability indicating that subjects with higher PWM show less variability. Conclusions: The findings suggest that, after excluding the first repetition, the MCL in the ANL test is reliable. A single repetition of the MCL in the ANL test should be avoided. If an interleaved methodology is used, a single ANL repetition should be added prior to the actual testing. The findings also suggest that MCL variability is associated to PWM but not VSWM.
|
|
| 35. |
- Brännström, K. Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Extended high-frequency pure tone hearing thresholds and core executive functions
- 2018
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 57:9, s. 639-645
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To examine the relationship between extended high-frequency pure tone hearing thresholds (frequencies 10 to 14 kHz) and working memory capacity (WMC), inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility. Design: Experimental study measuring correlations between different high-frequency hearing threshold measures and cognitive measures. Study: Pure tone audiometry was assessed in the extended high-frequency (frequencies 10, 12.5 and 14 kHz). Subjects were also tested regarding WMC, inhibitory control (response inhibition), and cognitive flexibility (information updating and shifting ability). Sample: Forty-three subjects between 20 and 29 years old with normal hearing (≤ 20 dB HL) in the frequency range between 0.125 to 8 kHz. Results: No significant correlations were seen between high-frequency hearing thresholds defined as average best and worst ear high-frequency hearing thresholds and the cognitive measures. Differences between the best and the worst ear showed significant negative correlations with inhibitory control and global executive function (combination score for WMC, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility). Conclusions: The present study suggests that global executive functions, more specifically response inhibition, and hearing threshold asymmetry in the extended high-frequency range are interrelated.
|
|
| 36. |
- Brännström, K. Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
Hearing thresholds and cognitive flexibility in young healthy individuals with normal hearing
- 2020
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 59:8, s. 583-589
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Pure tone audiometry may seem to be a relatively easy task for the participant but it may involve cognitive as well as sensory abilities. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between hearing thresholds in the frequency range 0.125–8 kHz and the core executive function cognitive flexibility in healthy individuals with normal hearing. Design: Experimental study measuring correlations between different pure-tone hearing threshold measures and cognitive flexibility. Pure tone air conduction audiometry (frequencies 0.125–8.0 kHz) and two tests of cognitive flexibility (information updating and shifting ability) were conducted. Study sample: Seventy-two subjects (aged between 21 and 36) with normal hearing (<20 dB HL) for the tested frequencies. Results: Four measures of average pure tone hearing thresholds were negatively correlated with cognitive flexibility. Conclusions: Pure-tone air conduction hearing thresholds seem to be related to cognitive flexibility in healthy individuals with normal hearing.
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
- Båsjö, Sara, 1983-, et al.
(author)
-
Hearing thresholds, tinnitus, and headphone listening habits in nine-year-old children
- 2016
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 55:10, s. 587-596
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Investigate hearing function and headphone listening habits in nine-year-old Swedish children. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted and included otoscopy, tympanometry, pure-tone audiometry, and spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAE). A questionnaire was used to evaluate headphone listening habits, tinnitus, and hyperacusis. Study sample: A total of 415 children aged nine years. Results: The prevalence of a hearing threshold20dB HL at one or several frequencies was 53%, and the hearing thresholds at 6 and 8kHz were higher than those at the low and mid frequencies. SOAEs were observed in 35% of the children, and the prevalence of tinnitus was 5.3%. No significant relationship between SOAE and tinnitus was found. Pure-tone audiometry showed poorer hearing thresholds in children with tinnitus and in children who regularly listened with headphones. Conclusion: The present study of hearing, listening habits, and tinnitus in nine-year old children is, to our knowledge, the largest study so far. The main findings were that hearing thresholds in the right ear were poorer in children who used headphones than in children not using them, which could be interpreted as headphone listening may have negative consequences to children's hearing. Children with tinnitus showed poorer hearing thresholds compared to children without tinnitus.
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
- Carlsson, Per-Inge, 1959-, et al.
(author)
-
Quality of life, psychosocial consequences, and audiological rehabilitation after sudden sensorineural hearing loss
- 2011
-
In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 50:2, s. 139-U84
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is characterized by a rapid loss of hearing, most often of cochlear origin. Very little attention has been paid in the literature to quality of life (QoL), psychosocial consequences and audiological rehabilitation after SSHL. Design: We studied how level of hearing loss, hearing recovery, tinnitus and vertigo affect QoL after SSHL and the psychosocial consequences of SSHL in terms of sick leave. Furthermore, the audiological rehabilitation given to patients in connection with SSHL and the benefit of the rehabilitation were studied. Study Sample: Three hundred and sixty-nine (369) patients with SSHL were analysed in the present study. Results: Annoying tinnitus and remaining vertigo after SSHL were the strongest predictors of negative effects on QoL. Conclusions: The study indicates that patients with SSHL require extended audiological rehabilitation including a multi-disciplinary rehabilitation approach (medical, social and psychological) to cope with the complex issues that can arise after SSHL.
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
- Dahlquist, M., et al.
(author)
-
Methodology for quantifying perceptual effects from noise suppression systems
- 2005
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 44:12, s. 721-732
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Methodology is proposed for perceptual assessment of both subjective sound quality and speech recognition in such way that results can be compared between these two aspects, Validation is performed with a noise suppression system applied to hearing instruments. A method termed Interpolated Paired Comparison Rating (IPCR) was developed for time efficient assessment of subjective impression of different aspects of sound quality for a variety of noise conditions. The method is based on paired comparisons between processed and unprocessed stimuli, and the results are expressed as the difference in signal-to-noise ratio (dB) between these that give equal subjective impression. For tests of speech recognition in noise, validated adaptive test methods can be used that give results in terms of speech-to-noise ratio. The methodology was shown to be sensitive enough to detect significant mean differences between processed and unprocessed speech in noise, both regarding subjective sound quality and speech recognition ability in groups consisting of 30 subjects. An effect on sound quality from the noise suppression equivalent to about 3-4 dB is required to be statistically significant for a single subject. A corresponding effect of 3-6 dB is required for speech recognition (one-sided test). The magnitude of difference that occurred in the present study for sound quality was sufficient to show significant differences for sound quality within individuals, but this was not the case for speech recognition.
|
|
| 45. |
- Danermark, Berth D., 1951-, et al.
(author)
-
Deafblindness, ontological security, and social recognition
- 2008
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 47:s2, s. s119-s123
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Trust, ontological security, and social recognition are discussed in relation to self-identity among people with acquired deafblindness. To date the phenomenon has not been elaborated in the context of deafblindness. When a person with deafblindness interacts with the social and material environment, the reliability, constancy, and predictability of his or her relations is crucial for maintaining or achieving ontological security or a general and fairly persistent feeling of well-being. When these relations fundamentally change, the impact on ontological security will be very negative. The construction of social recognition through the interaction between the self and others is embodied across three dimensions: at the individual level, at the legal systems level, and at the normative or value level. The relationship between trust and ontological security on the one hand and social recognition on the other hand is discussed. It is argued that these basic processes affecting personality development have to be identified and acknowledged in the interactions people with deafblindness experience. Some implications for the rehabilitation of people with acquired deafblindness are presented and illustrated.
|
|
| 46. |
- Danermark, Berth, 1951-
(author)
-
Different approaches in the assessment of audiological rehabilitation : a meta-theoretical perspective
- 2003
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 42:Suppl 1, s. S112-S117
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this article is to highlight some elements (e.g. the view on truth, causality, context and methods) in three different meta-theoretical approaches to assessment and to discuss their implications: external realism, critical realism, and anti-realism. Although there are many differences between external realism and anti-realism, their main shortcoming is the failure to answer one of the basic questions in assessment research: 'What works for whom in what circumstances?' In order to answer this question, one needs a deep-structure ontology and a theory including mechanisms and contexts, which one finds in critical realism. An adequate approach to an evaluation process can be described as follows. The point of departure is a theory describing how mechanisms work in context and what the expected outcomes are. Hypotheses are formulated suggesting answers to the question 'What might work for whom in what circumstances? Data are collected in order to answer the question. Different methods are used which can shed light on the phenomenon. The outcome of the evaluation process is to find the conditions under which a specific outcome is produced.
|
|
| 47. |
- Danermark, Berth, et al.
(author)
-
International classification of functioning, disability, and health core sets for hearing loss : A discussion paper and invitation
- 2010
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - Oxon, United Kingdom : Taylor & Francis. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 49:4, s. 256-262
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) has adopted a multifactorial understanding of functioning and disability, merging a biomedical paradigm with a social paradigm into a wider understanding of human functioning. Altogether there are more than 1400 ICF-categories describing different aspects of human functioning and there is a need to developing short lists of ICF categories to facilitate use of the classification scheme in clinical practice. To our knowledge, there is currently no such standard measuring instrument to facilitate a common validated way of assessing the effects of hearing loss on the lives of adults. The aim of the project is the development of an internationally accepted, evidence-based, reliable, comprehensive and valid ICF Core Sets for Hearing Loss. The processes involved in this project are described in detail and the authors invite stakeholders, clinical experts and persons with hearing loss to actively participate in the development process.
|
|
| 48. |
- Danermark, Berth, 1951-, et al.
(author)
-
Psychosocial work environment, hearing impairment and health
- 2004
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 43:7, s. 383-389
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article summarizes results from a study of hearingimpaired men and women in the labour force in Sweden. A questionnaire about psychosocial work environment (in accordance with the Demand-Control Model), health and wellbeing was sent out and answered by 445 hearingimpaired people, 20-64 years of age. A large reference group had previously answered the same questionnaire. The results indicate that imbalances between demand and control (i.e. high demand and low control, so-called high stress work type) is more common among hearingimpaired people than in the reference group. The outcome of the combination high demand and low control among hearing-impaired people is (much) worse than among hearing-impaired people with other work types ( passive, active, low stress). Hearing-impaired people with the high-stress work type more frequently report bad physical health status and psychological wellbeing regarding a number of indicators. There is, moreover, a tendency for women to be worse off than men. Our data suggest that those involved in audiological rehabilitation should pay great attention to hearing-impaired people with jobs that can be characterized as high stress.
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
- Dobrev, Ivo, et al.
(author)
-
Influence of stimulation position on the sensitivity for bone conduction hearing aids without skin penetration
- 2016
-
In: International Journal of Audiology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 55:8, s. 439-446
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: This study explores the influence of stimulation position on bone conduction (BC) hearing sensitivity with a BC transducer attached using a headband. Design:(1) The cochlear promontory motion was measured in cadaver heads using laser Doppler vibrometry while seven different positions around the pinna were stimulated using a bone anchored hearing aid transducer attached using a headband. (2) The BC hearing thresholds were measured in human subjects, with the bone vibrator Radioear B71 attached to the same seven stimulation positions. Study sample: Three cadaver heads and twenty participants. Results: Stimulation on a position superior-anterior to the pinna generated the largest promontory motion and the lowest BC thresholds. Stimulations on the positions superior to the pinna, the mastoid, and posterior-inferior to the pinna showed similar magnitudes of promontory motion and similar levels of BC thresholds. Conclusion: Stimulations on the regions superior to the pinna, the mastoid, and posterior-inferior to the pinna provide stable BC transmission, and are insensitive to small changes of the stimulation position. Therefore it is reliable to use the mastoid to determine BC thresholds in clinical audiometry. However, stimulation on a position superior-anterior to the pinna provides more efficient BC transmission than stimulation on the mastoid.
|
|
