| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Albrektsson, Tomas, 1945, et al.
(author)
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State of the art of oral implants
- 2008
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In: Peridontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 1600-0757 .- 0906-6713. ; 47:1, s. 15-26
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Faergemann, Jan, 1948, et al.
(author)
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Facial skin infections
- 2009
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 1600-0757 .- 0906-6713. ; 49, s. 194-209
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Granström, Gösta, 1950
(author)
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Middle ear infections.
- 2009
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 1600-0757 .- 0906-6713. ; 49, s. 179-93
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 11. |
- Hallman, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Bone substitutes and growth factors as an alternative/complement to autogenous bone for grafting in implant dentistry
- 2008
-
In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 47:1, s. 172-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Autogenous bone, with its osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, has long been considered the ideal grafting material in bone reconstructive surgery (26, 85). However, drawbacks with autogenous bone include morbidity, availability and unpredictable graft resorption (85, 93, 94, 128, 167, 174). Recent advances in biotechnology have provided the implant surgeon with access to a great variety of bone grafting materials and the possibility of easier implant treatment for the patient as well as for the surgeon. However, the perfect grafting material has yet to be identified. Current research focuses on proteins and carriers for delivering growth factors to the surgical site; however, drawbacks of high production costs and unpredictable results exist. The clinical usefulness of a great variety of materials for bone augmentation in implant dentistry has been seriously questioned (56). The use of osteconductive osteobiologics in implant dentistry remains an experimental procedure until more knowledge becomes available regarding the clinical and biologic aspects of these materials. Osteoinduction denotes a process of accelerated bone formation that provides an abbreviated healing period. Using solely an osteoconductive grafting material may prolong the healing period with 2–6 months, which may be of clinical significance. Uncontrolled case reports, which suggest a graft healing period of 3–4 months for osteoconductive deproteinized bovine bone or biphasic materials, may mislead the inexperienced dentist. Furthermore, clinical recommendations seem premature when based upon a few animal studies rather than upon comprehensive long-term investigations in humans. This review discusses clinical studies of bone substitutes, growth factors and bone graft procedures employed with the purpose of augmenting periimplant sites.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Renvert, Stefan, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Supportive periodontal therapy
- 2004
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In: Periodontology 2000. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 36, s. 179-195
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Research review (peer-reviewed)
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| 18. |
- Renvert, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Supportive periodontal therapy
- 2004
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 36, s. 179-195
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Research review (peer-reviewed)
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Albrektsson, Tomas, 1945, et al.
(author)
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Initial and long-term crestal bone responses to modern dental implants
- 2017
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 73:1, s. 41-50
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Successful osseointegration is the result of a controlled foreign body reaction to dental implants. Osseointegrated implants have demonstrated excellent long-term survivability, although they may be subject to limited marginal bone loss. Marginal bone loss during the first few years after implant placement seldom represents disease, but is instead the result of an adaptive bone response to surgical trauma and implant loading. It is not uncommon for implants with early marginal bone loss to enter a long-lasting state of bone stability. Extensive bone resorption after the first year is generally due to an exacerbation of adverse body reactions caused by non-optimal implant components, adverse surgery or prosthodontics and/or compromised patient factors. Disease in the form of peri-implantitis is a late complication that affects some implants with suppuration and rapid loss of crestal bone, and is probably caused by bacterial pathogens and immunological reactions. Unfortunately, the literature is not consistent with respect to the type or magnitude of clinical implant problems, including how they are defined and diagnosed. If the peri-implantitis diagnosis is confined to cases with infection, suppuration and significant bone loss, the frequency of the disease is relatively low, which is in sharp contrast to the frequencies reported with unrealistic definitions of peri-implantitis. We suggest that when modern implants are placed by properly trained individuals, only 1–2% of implants show true peri-implantitis during follow-up periods of 10 years or more. Peri-implantitis must be separated from the initial and self-limiting marginal bone loss.
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| 23. |
- Aparicio, Carlos, et al.
(author)
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Zygomatic implants: indications, techniques and outcomes, and the zygomatic success code.
- 2014
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 1600-0757 .- 0906-6713. ; 66:1, s. 41-58
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The zygoma implant has been an effective option in the management of the atrophic edentulous maxilla as well as for maxillectomy defects. Brånemark introduced the zygoma implant not only as a solution to obtain posterior maxillary anchorage but also to expedite the rehabilitation process. The zygoma implant is a therapeutic option that deserves consideration in the treatment-planting process. This paper reviews the indications for zygoma implants and the surgical and prosthetic techniques (including new developments) and also reports on the clinical outcome of the zygomatic anatomy-guided approach. An overview of conventional grafting procedures is also included. Finally, a Zygoma Success Code, describing specific criteria to score the success of rehabilitation anchored on zygomatic implants, is proposed.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Belibasakis, Georgios N., et al.
(author)
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Periodontal microbiology and microbial etiology of periodontal diseases : Historical concepts and contemporary perspectives
- 2023
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This narrative review summarizes the collective knowledge on periodontal microbiology, through a historical timeline that highlights the European contribution in the global field. The etiological concepts on periodontal disease culminate to the ecological plaque hypothesis and its dysbiosis-centered interpretation. Reference is made to anerobic microbiology and to the discovery of select periodontal pathogens and their virulence factors, as well as to biofilms. The evolution of contemporary molecular methods and high-throughput platforms is highlighted in appreciating the breadth and depth of the periodontal microbiome. Finally clinical microbiology is brought into perspective with the contribution of different microbial species in periodontal diagnosis, the combination of microbial and host biomarkers for this purpose, and the use of antimicrobials in the treatment of the disease.
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| 26. |
- Berglundh, Tord, 1954, et al.
(author)
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Etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of peri-implantitis: A European perspective
- 2024
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In: PERIODONTOLOGY 2000. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757.
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Peri-implantitis is a plaque-associated pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants. It is characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa and progressive loss of supporting bone. Over the last 30 years, peri-implantitis has become a major disease burden in dentistry. An understanding of the diagnosis, etiology and pathogenesis, epidemiology, and treatment of peri-implantitis must be a central component in undergraduate and postgraduate training programs in dentistry. In view of the strong role of European research in periodontology and implant dentistry, the focus of this review was to address peri-implantitis from a European perspective. One component of the work was to summarize new and reliable data on patients with dental implants to underpin the relevance of peri-implantitis from a population perspective. The nature of the peri-implantitis lesion was evaluated through results presented in preclinical models and evaluations of human biopsy material together with an appraisal of the microbiological characteristics. An overview of strategies and outcomes presented in clinical studies on nonsurgical and surgical treatment of peri-implantitis is discussed with a particular focus on end points of therapy and recommendations presented in the S3 level Clinical Practice Guideline for the prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Buser, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Guided bone regeneration in implant dentistry: Basic principle, progress over 35 years, and recent research activities
- 2023
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In: Periodontology 2000. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 93:1, s. 9-25
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bone augmentation procedures are frequent today in implant patients, since an implant should be circumferentially anchored in bone at completion of bone healing to have a good long-term stability. The best documented surgical technique to achieve this goal is guided bone regeneration (GBR) utilizing barrier membranes in combination with bone fillers. This clinical review paper reflects 35 years of development and progress with GBR. In the 1990s, GBR was developed by defining the indications for GBR, examining various barrier membranes, bone grafts, and bone substitutes. Complications were identified and reduced by modifications of the surgical technique. Today, the selection criteria for various surgical approaches are much better understood, in particular, in post-extraction implant placement. In the majority of patients, biodegradable collagen membranes are used, mainly for horizontal bone augmentation, whereas bioinert PTFE membranes are preferred for vertical ridge augmentation. The leading surgeons are using a composite graft with autogenous bone chips to accelerate bone formation, in combination with a low-substitution bone filer to better maintain the augmented bone volume over time. In addition, major efforts have been made since the millenium change to reduce surgical trauma and patient morbidity as much as possible. At the end, some open questions related to GBR are discussed.
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| 31. |
- De Bruyn, Hugo, et al.
(author)
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Implant surface roughness and patient factors on long-term peri-implant bone loss
- 2017
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 73:1, s. 218-227
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dental implant placement is a common treatment procedure in current dental practice. High implant survival rates as well as limited peri-implant bone loss has been achieved over the past decades due to continuous modifications of implant design and surface topography. Since the turn of the millennium, implant surface modifications have focused on stronger and faster bone healing. This has not only yielded higher implant survival rates but also allowed modifications in surgical as well as prosthetic treatment protocols such as immediate implant placement and immediate loading. Stable crestal bone levels have been considered a key factor in implant success because it is paramount for long-term survival, aesthetics as well as peri-implant health. Especially during the past decade, clinicians and researchers have paid much attention to peri-implant health and more specifically to the incidence of bone loss. This could furthermore increase the risk for peri-implantitis, the latter often diagnosed as ongoing bone loss and pocket formation beyond the normal biological range in the presence of purulence or bleeding on probing. Information on the effect of surface topography on bone loss or peri-implantitis, a disease process that is to be evaluated in the long-term, is also scarce. Therefore, the current narrative review discusses whether long-term peri-implant bone loss beyond physiological bone adaptation is affected by the surface roughness of dental implants. Based on comparative studies, evaluating implants with comparable design but different surface roughness, it can be concluded that average peri-implant bone loss around the moderately rough and minimally rough surfaces is less than around rough surfaces. However, due to the multifactorial cause for bone loss the clinical impact of surface roughness alone on bone loss and peri-implantitis risk seems rather limited and of minimal clinical importance. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that certain patient factors, such as a history of periodontal disease and smoking, lead to more peri-implant bone loss.
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| 32. |
- De Bruyn, Hugo, et al.
(author)
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Radiographic evaluation of modern oral implants with emphasis on crestal bone level and relevance to peri-implant health.
- 2013
-
In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 1600-0757 .- 0906-6713. ; 62:1, s. 256-70
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Implant stability and maintenance of stable crestal bone level are prerequisites for the successful long-term function of oral implants, and continuous crestal bone loss constitutes a threat to the longevity of implant-supported prosthetic constructions. The prevalence/incidence and reasons for crestal bone loss are under debate. Some authors regard infection (i.e. peri-implantitis) as the cause for virtually all bone loss, while others see crestal bone loss as an unavoidable phenomenon following surgery and implant loading. Irrespective of the cause of continuous crestal bone loss, correct usage and scientifically sound interpretation of radiographs are of utmost importance for evaluation of oral implants. The periapical radiographic technique is currently the preferred method for evaluating implant health based on bone loss, and digital radiographs allow easy standardization of the image contrast. It is suggested that baseline radiographs should be taken at the time the transmucosal part pierces the mucosal tissues and annually thereafter. The number of unreadable radiographs should be presented in scientific publications to give insights into the quality of the radiographic examination. It is suggested that not only mean values, but also the range of bone levels, should be presented to describe the proportion of implants that show continuous crestal bone loss. In the absence of other clinical symptoms, bleeding on probing around implants seems to be a weak indicator of ongoing or future loss of crestal bone. According to recent longitudinal studies on modern implant surfaces peri-implantitis defined as 'infection with suppuration associated with clinically significant progressing crestal bone loss' occurs with a prevalence of less than 5 % in implants with 10 years in function.
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| 33. |
- Dommisch, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Effect of micronutrient malnutrition on periodontal disease and periodontal therapy
- 2018
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 78:1, s. 129-153
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Periodontitis is a complex chronic inflammatory noncommunicable disease, initiated by the development of a dysbiotic microbial plaque biofilm below the gingival margin. Whilst the pathogenic biofilm is a “necessary cause” of periodontitis, it is insufficient on its own to cause the disease, and a destructive immune‐inflammatory response is a key to the translation of risk to destructive events. Other exposures or “component causes” include individual genetic predisposition, lifestyle (including smoking and nutrition), and environmental factors. Dietary nutrients are essential for life as they provide crucial energy sources in the form of macronutrients, as well as important cofactors in the form of micronutrients, which regulate the functionality of enzymes during the regulation of anabolic and catabolic processes in human cells. Moreover, micronutrients can regulate gene transcription factors, such as the proinflammatory nuclear factor kappa B and the anti‐inflammatory nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2. This review focuses on the role of vitamins (vitamin A, carotenoids, the vitamin B complex, vitamins C, D, and E, and coenzyme Q10) and minerals (calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, potassium, copper, manganese, and selenium) in human physiology and the impact of their deficiencies upon periodontal health and disease.
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| 34. |
- Graziani, F., et al.
(author)
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Complications and treatment errors in nonsurgical periodontal therapy
- 2023
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 92:1, s. 21-61
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nonsurgical periodontal therapy can be subject to iatrogenesis, which includes all the complications directly or indirectly related to a treatment. These complications include both operator-dependent harms and errors and the consequences and adverse effects of the therapeutic procedures. The complications arising following nonsurgical periodontal treatment can be categorized as intraoperative and postoperative and can affect both soft and hard tissues at an intra-oral and extraoral level. Soft-tissues damage or damage to teeth and restorations can occur while performing the procedure. In the majority of cases, the risk of bleeding associated with nonsurgical therapy is reported to be low and easily controlled by means of local hemostatic measures, even in medicated subjects. Cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema is not a frequent extraoral intraoperative complication, occurring during the use of air polishing. Moreover, side effects such as pain, fever, and dentine hypersensitivity are frequently reported as a consequence of nonsurgical periodontal therapy and can have a major impact on a patient's perception of the treatment provided. The level of intraoperative pain could be influenced by the types of instruments employed, the characteristics of tips, and the individual level of tolerance of the patient. Unexpected damage to teeth or restorations can also occur as a consequence of procedural errors.
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| 35. |
- Herrera, David, et al.
(author)
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Periodontal diseases and association with atherosclerotic disease
- 2020
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 83:1, s. 66-89
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cardiovascular diseases still account for the majority of deaths worldwide, although significant improvements in survival, after being affected by cardiovascular disease, have been achieved in the last decades. Periodontal diseases are also a common global burden. Several studies have shown a link between cardiovascular disease and periodontitis, although evidence is still lacking regarding the direct cause-effect relation. During the 2012 "Periodontitis and systemic diseases" workshop, the available evidence on the association between cardiovascular and periodontal diseases was discussed, covering biologic plausibility and clinical studies. The objective of the present narrative review was to update the previous reviews presented at the 2012 workshop, following similar methodological approaches, aiming to critically assess the available evidence. With regard to biologic plausibility, two aspects were reviewed: (a) for microbiologic mechanisms, assessing periodontal bacteria as a contributing factor to atherosclerosis based on seven "proofs," substantial evidence was found for Proofs 1 through 6, but not for Proof 7 (periodontal bacteria obtained from human atheromas can cause atherosclerosis in animal models), concluding that periodontal pathogens can contribute to atherosclerosis; (b) mechanistic studies, addressing five different inflammatory pathways that could explain the links between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease with the addition of some extra pathways , suggest an association between both entities, based on the presence of higher levels of these inflammatory markers in patients with periodontitis and cardiovascular disease, vs healthy controls, as well as on the evidence that periodontal treatment reduces serum levels of these mediators. When evidence from clinical studies was analyzed, two aspects were covered: (a) epidemiologic studies support the estimation that the incidence of atherosclerotic disease is higher in individuals with periodontitis than in individuals with no reported periodontitis, irrespective of many common risk factors, but with a substantial variability in the definitions used in reporting of exposure to periodontal diseases in different studies; (b) intervention trials have shown that periodontal therapy can reduce serum inflammatory mediators, improve the lipids profile, and induce positive changes in other cardiovascular disease surrogate measures, but no evidence is available to support that adequate periodontal therapy is able to reduce the risk for cardiovascular diseases, or the incidence of cardiovascular disease events in periodontitis patients.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Overcoming behavioral obstacles to prevent periodontal disease: Behavioral change techniques and self-performed periodontal infection control
- 2020
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 84:1, s. 134-144
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is well established that periodontal infection control, by means of adequate oral hygiene such as daily toothbrushing and interdental cleaning, is essential for prevention of periodontal disease. Evidence suggests that oral health behavioral intervention is more effective if based on a theoretic framework that includes behavioral change techniques based on goals and planning and on feedback and monitoring. This review focuses on factors that influence behavioral changes in oral hygiene measures (both obstacles and facilitators) and a person-centered approach to treatment planning and communication with patients. A person-centered model of oral hygiene is presented that can be integrated into periodontal treatment using different behavioral techniques.
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| 40. |
- Larsson, Lena, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Influence of epigenetics on periodontitis and peri-implantitis pathogenesis
- 2022
-
In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 90:1, s. 125-137
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Periodontitis is a disease characterized by tooth-associated microbial biofilms that drive chronic inflammation and destruction of periodontal-supporting tissues. In some individuals, disease progression can lead to tooth loss. A similar condition can occur around dental implants in the form of peri-implantitis. The immune response to bacterial challenges is not only influenced by genetic factors, but also by environmental factors. Epigenetics involves the study of gene function independent of changes to the DNA sequence and its associated proteins, and represents a critical link between genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications have been shown to contribute to the progression of several diseases, including chronic inflammatory diseases like periodontitis and peri-implantitis. This review aims to present the latest findings on epigenetic influences on periodontitis and to discuss potential mechanisms that may influence peri-implantitis, given the paucity of information currently available.
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| 41. |
- Lundgren, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Sinus floor elevation procedures to enable implant placement and integration: techniques, biological aspects and clinical outcomes
- 2017
-
In: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 73:1, s. 103-120
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Implant treatment in an atrophied edentulous posterior maxilla constitutes a challenge for the therapeutic team. The authors of the present study acknowledge that modern micro-rough surface implants in lengths of about 8–10 mm or longer and of different brands are similarly successful. Consequently, the authors propose that the use of different sinus floor elevation techniques should be considered when < 8 mm of bone is available below the maxillary sinus. The type of sinus floor elevation technique selected is mainly based on residual vertical bone height, marginal bone width, local intrasinus anatomy and the number of teeth to be replaced, although other factors (such as surgical training and surgical experience) may have an impact. It is proposed that a transcrestal sinus floor elevation approach can be considered as a first-choice method for single tooth gaps in situations with sufficient width for implant placement and a residual bone height of 5–8 mm, while lateral sinus floor elevation, with or without grafting materials, is indicated when < 5 mm of bone is available and when several teeth are to be replaced. With regard to time of implant placement, a one-stage procedure is preferred provided that high primary stability can be ensured.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Persson, Rutger G
(author)
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Dental geriatrics and periodontitis
- 2017
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In: Periodontology 2000. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 74:1, s. 102-115
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present literature review is focused on two main areas: (i) periodontal conditions in older individuals; and (ii) the scientific data available on periodontal treatment outcomes in individuals ≥ 75 years of age. The population of older people is increasing but the data on periodontal therapies and their efficacy in this population are limited and need to be carefully reviewed. Although life expectancy has increased, this does not mean that older people are medically healthy. Several chronic systemic diseases are associated with periodontitis, and the prevalence of most chronic diseases increases with age. Furthermore, older people are challenged by impaired immunity (immune senescence) with a decline in the numbers of naïve T-cells in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues. The most frequent significant correlates with successful ageing include not smoking and the absence of disability, arthritis and diabetes mellitus. Periodontal diseases in older individuals may have specific features that are not consistent with periodontal diseases. In this respect, data suggest that gingival lesions in older individuals develop differently from gingival lesions in younger adults. The progression of periodontitis may be slower in older individuals, and older individuals with periodontitis may benefit from more conservative treatment approaches. Diagnostic criteria used for the assessment and diagnosis of periodontitis in younger adults may not be fully applicable in older individuals. In summary, declining health, perception of treatment needs, dietary changes, comorbidity with other diseases and immune senescence are challenging factors to clinicians and researchers, in terms of therapies and in understanding periodontitis etiology in older individuals.
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| 44. |
- Persson, Rutger G
(author)
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Dental geriatrics and periodontitis
- 2017
-
In: Periodontology 2000. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 74:1, s. 102-115
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present literature review is focused on two main areas: (i) periodontal conditions in older individuals; and (ii) the scientific data available on periodontal treatment outcomes in individuals ≥ 75 years of age. The population of older people is increasing but the data on periodontal therapies and their efficacy in this population are limited and need to be carefully reviewed. Although life expectancy has increased, this does not mean that older people are medically healthy. Several chronic systemic diseases are associated with periodontitis, and the prevalence of most chronic diseases increases with age. Furthermore, older people are challenged by impaired immunity (immune senescence) with a decline in the numbers of naïve T-cells in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues. The most frequent significant correlates with successful ageing include not smoking and the absence of disability, arthritis and diabetes mellitus. Periodontal diseases in older individuals may have specific features that are not consistent with periodontal diseases. In this respect, data suggest that gingival lesions in older individuals develop differently from gingival lesions in younger adults. The progression of periodontitis may be slower in older individuals, and older individuals with periodontitis may benefit from more conservative treatment approaches. Diagnostic criteria used for the assessment and diagnosis of periodontitis in younger adults may not be fully applicable in older individuals. In summary, declining health, perception of treatment needs, dietary changes, comorbidity with other diseases and immune senescence are challenging factors to clinicians and researchers, in terms of therapies and in understanding periodontitis etiology in older individuals.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Renvert, Stefan, et al.
(author)
-
Clinical approaches to treat peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.
- 2015
-
In: Periodontology 2000. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 68:1, s. 369-404
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Therapies proposed for the treatment of peri-implant diseases are primarily based on the evidence available from treating periodontitis. The primary objective is elimination of the biofilm from the implant surface, and nonsurgical therapy is a commonly used treatment. A number of adjunctive therapies have been introduced to overcome accessibility problems or difficulties with decontamination of implant surfaces as a result of specific surface characteristics. It is now accepted that following successful decontamination, clinicians can attempt to regenerate the bone that was lost as a result of infection. The ultimate goal is re-osseointegration, and a number of regenerative techniques have been introduced. By reviewing the existing evidence, it seems that peri-implant mucositis is reversible when appropriately treated. Additionally, a combined therapy (mechanical therapy with local antimicrobials as adjuncts) can serve as an alternative to surgical intervention when treating peri-implantits in cases not suitable for surgery. Surgical therapy is an effective method for treating peri-implantitis, and various degrees of success of the use of regenerative procedures have been reported, regardless of whether or not radiographic evidence of defect fill has been achieved. Finally, no matter which therapy is employed, a prerequisite for the long-term stability of treatment results obtained is the ability of the patient to maintain good oral hygiene.
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| 47. |
- Renvert, Stefan, et al.
(author)
-
Clinical approaches to treat peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.
- 2015
-
In: Periodontology 2000. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 68:1, s. 369-404
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Therapies proposed for the treatment of peri-implant diseases are primarily based on the evidence available from treating periodontitis. The primary objective is elimination of the biofilm from the implant surface, and nonsurgical therapy is a commonly used treatment. A number of adjunctive therapies have been introduced to overcome accessibility problems or difficulties with decontamination of implant surfaces as a result of specific surface characteristics. It is now accepted that following successful decontamination, clinicians can attempt to regenerate the bone that was lost as a result of infection. The ultimate goal is re-osseointegration, and a number of regenerative techniques have been introduced. By reviewing the existing evidence, it seems that peri-implant mucositis is reversible when appropriately treated. Additionally, a combined therapy (mechanical therapy with local antimicrobials as adjuncts) can serve as an alternative to surgical intervention when treating peri-implantits in cases not suitable for surgery. Surgical therapy is an effective method for treating peri-implantitis, and various degrees of success of the use of regenerative procedures have been reported, regardless of whether or not radiographic evidence of defect fill has been achieved. Finally, no matter which therapy is employed, a prerequisite for the long-term stability of treatment results obtained is the ability of the patient to maintain good oral hygiene.
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| 48. |
- Renvert, Stefan, et al.
(author)
-
Treatment of pathologic peri-implant pockets
- 2018
-
In: Periodontology 2000. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 76:1, s. 180-190
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Peri-implant and periodontal pockets share a number of anatomical features but also have distinct differences. These differences make peri-implant pockets more susceptible to trauma and infection than periodontal pockets. Inadequate maintenance can lead to infections (defined as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis) within peri-implant pockets. These infections are recognized as inflammatory diseases, which ultimately lead to the loss of supporting bone. Diagnostic and treatment methods conventionally used in periodontics have been adopted to assess and treat these diseases. Controlling infection includes elimination of the biofilm from the implant surface and efficient mechanical debridement. However, the prosthetic supra-structure and implant surface characteristics can complicate treatment. Evidence shows that when appropriately managed, peri-implant mucositis is reversible. Nonsurgical therapy, with or without the use of antimicrobials, will occasionally resolve peri-implantitis, but for the majority of advanced lesions this approach is insufficient and surgery is indicated. The major objective of the surgical approach is to provide access and visualize the clinical situation. Hence, a more informed decision can be made regarding whether to use a resective or a regenerative surgical technique. Evidence shows that following successful decontamination, surgical treatment to regenerate the bone can be performed, and a number of regenerative techniques have been proposed. After treatment, regular maintenance and good oral hygiene are essential for a predictable outcome and long-term stability.
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| 49. |
- Renvert, Stefan, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Treatment of periodontal disease in older adults
- 2016
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In: Periodontology 2000. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 72:1, s. 108-119
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Within the next 40 years the number of older adults worldwide will more than double. This will impact periodontal treatment needs and presents a challenge to health-care providers and governments worldwide, as severe periodontitis has been reported to be the sixth most prevalent medical condition in the world. Older adults (≥ 80 years of age) who receive regular dental care retain more teeth than those who do not receive such care, but routine general dental care for these individuals is not sufficient to prevent the progression of periodontitis with the same degree of success as in younger individuals. There is a paucity of data on the efficacy of different periodontal therapies for older individuals. However, considering the higher prevalence of chronic medical conditions seen in older adults, it cannot be assumed that periodontal therapy will yield the same degree of success seen in younger individuals. Furthermore, medications can influence the status of the periodontium and the delivery of periodontal care. As an example, anticoagulant drugs are common among older patients and may be a contraindication to certain treatments. Newer anticoagulants will, however, facilitate surgical intervention in older patients. Furthermore, prescription medications taken for chronic conditions, such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases, can affect the periodontium in a variety of ways. In summary, consideration of socio-economic factors, general health status and multiple-drug therapies will, in the future, be an important part of the management of periodontitis in older adults.
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- Renvert, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Treatment of periodontal disease in older adults
- 2016
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In: Periodontology 2000. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 72:1, s. 108-119
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Within the next 40 years the number of older adults worldwide will more than double. This will impact periodontal treatment needs and presents a challenge to health-care providers and governments worldwide, as severe periodontitis has been reported to be the sixth most prevalent medical condition in the world. Older adults (≥ 80 years of age) who receive regular dental care retain more teeth than those who do not receive such care, but routine general dental care for these individuals is not sufficient to prevent the progression of periodontitis with the same degree of success as in younger individuals. There is a paucity of data on the efficacy of different periodontal therapies for older individuals. However, considering the higher prevalence of chronic medical conditions seen in older adults, it cannot be assumed that periodontal therapy will yield the same degree of success seen in younger individuals. Furthermore, medications can influence the status of the periodontium and the delivery of periodontal care. As an example, anticoagulant drugs are common among older patients and may be a contraindication to certain treatments. Newer anticoagulants will, however, facilitate surgical intervention in older patients. Furthermore, prescription medications taken for chronic conditions, such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases, can affect the periodontium in a variety of ways. In summary, consideration of socio-economic factors, general health status and multiple-drug therapies will, in the future, be an important part of the management of periodontitis in older adults.
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