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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Chisari, Claudia, et al.
(author)
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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for women living with Vulvodynia : A single-case experimental design study of a treatment delivered online
- 2022
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 23, s. 15-30
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Vulvodynia is a condition characterised by persistent vulval pain and includes particular impacts on sexual and emotional functioning. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been successfully applied in persistent pain but has not been tested in this population. This single-case experimental design (SCED) study aimed to evaluate whether an online ACT programme improves clinical outcomes in women with Vulvodynia. We also evaluated whether the intervention led to changes in hypothesised processes of therapeutic change.Methods: This study applied a nonconcurrent multiple baseline SCED method to assess ACT in women with Vulvodynia. During baseline and treatment phases, participants completed daily self-report outcomes of pain severity and interference, sexual functioning and satisfaction, depression, and hypothesised process-variables: pain-acceptance, present-moment-awareness, committed-action, perceived injustice, and body-exposure anxiety during sexual activities. Full-length assessments of these variables were also completed before and after treatment. The intervention comprised a six-week online ACT programme, combined with a Vulvodynia-specific manual. Visual and statistical analyses were conducted.Results: Seven participants, mostly with mixed Vulvodynia, provided baseline and treatment phase data, and completed the intervention and diaries. Based on the visual inspection, and Tau and Tau-U values as effect sizes from the daily data, all participants showed moderate size improvements in two or more outcomes. However, participants had highly individual treatment effects. Limited improvement was found in depression. Pain acceptance, committed-action, and perceived injustice also demonstrated change for some participants.Discussion: The results suggest online ACT may improve pain and sexual outcomes for some women with Vulvodynia. Pain-acceptance, committed-action, and perceived injustice are highlighted as potential processes of change for some participants. In general, responses to treatment appear highly individual. Further application of the SCED approach to ACT for Vulvodynia is recommended.
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| 4. |
- Davey, Amanda, et al.
(author)
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Psychological flexibility, self-compassion and daily functioning in chronic pain
- 2020
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 17, s. 79-85
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Psychological flexibility (PF) and self-compassion (SC) are both associated with positive outcomes for people living with chronic pain. Despite conceptual similarities they have mostly been studied independently. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between PF and SC, and investigate their roles in relation to pain interference, work and social adjustment, and depressive symptoms. 420 participants attending a speciality chronic pain service completed the Self-Compassion Scale Short Form along with measures of PF, pain, interference, functioning, and depression, prior to starting treatment. PF and SC variables were significantly correlated (r = 0.38 to 0.56) and demonstrated a degree of independence. Multiple regression models for all three pain outcomes explained 44% of the variance in pain interference, 36% in work and social adjustment, and 32% in depression. SC accounted for significant unique variance in each of the pain outcomes, however this was no longer significant when PF variables were added to the model for pain interference and work and social adjustment. In conclusion, PF and SC appear to include mostly related and some distinct elements in the context of chronic pain. PF processes may encompass the effects of SC on pain interference and work and social adjustment. However, SC appears to play an independent role in depression. Given the high comorbidity of depression, it may be beneficial to further study the potential for SC-based processes and methods to improve overall wellbeing for people with chronic pain.
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| 7. |
- Fogelkvist, Maria, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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Live with your body - participants' reflections on an acceptance and commitment therapy group intervention for patients with residual eating disorder symptoms
- 2021
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 20, s. 184-193
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a transdiagnostic approach to human suffering that has been trialed in a range of different contexts. This study aimed to examine participants' view of helpful and hindering aspects of an in person ACT group intervention targeting body image in patients with residual eating disorder (ED) symptoms. Thirteen women who completed the intervention were interviewed, and transcripts were analyzed through thematic analysis. Nine themes were identified and sorted into three main themes. The first main theme, "Taking the plunge", pointed to the importance of participants own effort, and included subthemes of self-efficacy, self as description, and self-exploration. The second main theme, "A push towards valued ends", indicated that content of the intervention was helpful, and included subthemes of commitment and behavioral change processes, mindfulness and acceptance processes, and assignments in and between sessions. The third main theme, "The context matters", described the importance of the contexts of the intervention and life outside of treatment, and included subthemes of the group format, the context outside of treatment, and the timing of the intervention. Through the description of specific content, we conclude that ACT seems to help women with residual ED symptoms and body image issues by fostering motivation to engage in avoided situations and behaviors while striving to live a more valued life.
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| 8. |
- Gentili, Charlotte, et al.
(author)
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Exploring psychological flexibility as in-treatment behaviour during internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy for paediatric chronic pain : Occurrence and relation to outcome
- 2024
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 31
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Acceptance and Commitment Therapy has gained preliminary evidence for paediatric chronic pain. Several studies show that psychological flexibility/inflexibility is a process driving treatment change in ACT for chronic pain. The literature supporting psychological flexibility as a change process in ACT is typically based on selfreport. The aim of the present study was to investigate psychological flexibility (i.e. acceptance, defusion, values formulation and committed action) as in-treatment behaviour during internet-delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for paediatric chronic pain, by having two independent observers rating patient written statements. The sample was self-recruited and consisted of 28 girls between ages 13 and 17 years. Results showed that psychological flexibility could be operationalised as in-treatment behaviours and reliably assessed using observer ratings. Also, data illustrated a within subject variability in ratings of acceptance and defusion, with a considerable difference in degree of acceptance or defusion evoked by different experiential exercises. Furthermore, analyses showed that a higher average degree of acceptance in patient statements during the early phase of treatment was related to larger treatment effects. Defusion, values formulation and committed action showed no significant influence on outcome. Results should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size.
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| 9. |
- Hayes, Steven C., et al.
(author)
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Report of the ACBS Task Force on the strategies and tactics of contextual behavioral science research
- 2021
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 20, s. 172-183
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Throughout its history the strategy and tactics of contextual behavioral science (CBS) research have had distinctive features as compared to traditional behavioral science approaches. Continued progress in CBS research can be facilitated by greater clarity about how its strategy and tactics can be brought to bear on current challenges. The present white paper is the result of a 2 1/2-year long process designed to foster consensus among representative producers and consumers of CBS research about the best strategic pathway forward. The Task Force agreed that CBS research should be multilevel, process-based, multidimensional, prosocial, and pragmatic, and provided 33 recommendations to the CBS community arranged across these characteristics. In effect, this report provides a detailed research agenda designed to maximize the impact of CBS as a field. Scientists and practitioners are encouraged to mount this ambitious agenda.
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| 10. |
- Holmberg, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Evaluating the psychometric characteristics of the Work-related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (WAAQ) in a sample of healthcare professionals
- 2019
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 14, s. 103-107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Work-related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (WAAQ) has been developed to assess psychological flexibility in occupational settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate reliability and validity of the Swedish translation of WAAQ in a sample of 184 healthcare professionals. A principal component analysis supported a one-factor-solution, explaining 53.8% of the overall multivariate variability. WAAQ showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.85) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.85). Validity was assessed by analysing the relationship between WAAQ and other work-related constructs. Spearman's rank correlations illustrated a significant negative relationship between WAAQ and perceived stress and a significant positive correlation with work engagement. Results from the study are consistent with previous studies on WAAQ, supporting the use of the Swedish translation of the instrument among healthcare professionals.
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| 11. |
- Jonsjö, Martin A., et al.
(author)
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Acceptance & Commitment Therapy for ME/CFS (Chronic Fatigue Syndrome) - A feasibility study
- 2019
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 12, s. 89-97
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy has not been evaluated for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) to date. However, recent studies indicate the importance of psychological flexibility for well-being in this condition. The present study is a preliminary evaluation of the feasibility of an ACT-based behavior medicine treatment protocol for ME/CFS. Methods: 40 adult individuals, fulfilling the 1994 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the 2003 clinical case criteria for ME/CFS, consecutively started an individual 13-session ACT-treatment. Data were collected pre-treatment, mid-treatment, post-treatment, and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Linear mixed effects modeling was used to analyze treatment effects on ME/CFS-related disability, psychological flexibility, ME/CFS symptoms, anxiety, depression and health-related quality of life. Results: 80% (32) of the participants completed the treatment. ME/CFS-related disability (d = 0.80, p < .001) and psychological flexibility (d = 1.07, p < .001) improved between pre- and post-treatment and remained stable between follow-ups. Similar results were found for secondary outcomes. Conclusions: Results indicate that the treatment was accepted by the participants, with a small drop-out rate and was safe with no harmful effects during or after treatment and also efficient with stable improvements in numerous outcomes.
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| 12. |
- Kioskli, Kitty, et al.
(author)
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Might psychological flexibility processes and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) apply in adults with painful diabetic neuropathy? : A cross-sectional survey
- 2019
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : ELSEVIER. - 2212-1447. ; 13, s. 66-73
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a distressing and disabling condition. There is, surprisingly, relatively lithe research into the role of psychological variables related to PDN. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between psychological flexibility, daily functioning, and distress in people with PDN. This cross-sectional study included 225 participants who were recruited from hospital services and online. In correlation analyses, acceptance of pain was shown to be negatively correlated with pain intensity (r = -0.21, p < 0.01), pain distress (r = -0.25, p < 0.01), functional impairment (r = -0.38, p < 0.01), depression severity (r = -0.41, p < 0.01), and depression impact (r = -0.41, p < 0.01). Cognitive fusion correlated positively with pain intensity (r = 0.14, p < 0.05), functional impairment (r = 0.24, p < 0.01), depression severity (r = 0.44, p < 0.01), and depression impact (r = 0.20, p < 0.01). Committed action also correlated negatively with functional impairment (r = -0.22, p < 0.01), depression severity (r = -0.43, p < 0.01), and depression impact (r = -0.21, p < 0.01). In regression analyses, the four variables representing psychological flexibility accounted for significant variance in all the equations except in the case of pain distress. However, in some cases the variance accounted for was less than that accounted for by pain intensity. For example, in the equation for functional impairment, pain intensity accounted for 32.2% of variance, while psychological flexibility accounted for 6.8% of variance. These results suggest that psychological flexibility may play a smaller role, relative to pain intensity, in the context of PDN as compared to the larger populations of chronic, mostly musculoskeletal, pain. The reliability and generalisability of these results need to be established.
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| 13. |
- Larsson, Andreas, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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A randomised controlled trial of brief web-based acceptance and commitment Therapy on the general mental health, depression, anxiety and stress of college Students
- 2022
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 24, s. 10-17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The college years are frequently understood as being a carefree time in a young person's life, however, research suggests that these are formative and challenging times for many. The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of a brief internet intervention based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for promoting general mental health among college students. As far as can be determined, the impact of an online guided self-help version of (i) contact with the present moment, (ii) cognitive defusion and (iii) self-as-context processes of ACT on mental health has never been tested in a student-based randomized trial. The current study was a randomized controlled wait-list trial consisting of a 3-week intervention and a 3-week follow-up phase. Out of 174 participants, 113 were included in the analysis. Inclusion criteria were: (1) no formal diagnosis of mental health disorders, (2) no previous experience of ACT, mindfulness or mindfulness-based exercises, (3) over 18 years of age, and (4) currently registered as a university or college student. Participants were randomly assigned to an ACT-based intervention (N = 87) or a wait-list control (N = 87). Neither investigators nor participants were blinded to group assignment. The primary outcome measure was general mental health (GHQ-12). Depression, Anxiety and Stress were also measured (DASS-21) as well as psychological flexibility (AAQ-2) at pre- and post-intervention, and 3-week follow-up. The results indicated significant improvements in general mental health in the ACT processes group compared with the wait-list control group (p = .005, d = 0.48) at post treatment but not at follow-up. There were no significant differences between the groups on any other outcome measures. The results from this study provide some support for the effectiveness of a brief web-based ACT intervention to enhance general mental health. However, there were no significant comparative improvements, but trends, for depression, anxiety or stress.
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| 14. |
- Larsson, Andreas B., Filosofie Doktor, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Optimizing Process-Based Therapy : A Boruta-Driven Approach to Identifying Key Clinical Outcomes in a Swedish validation of the Process-Based Assessment Tool (PBAT)
- 2024
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundThe Process-Based Assessment Tool (PBAT), is an item pool showing promising results in assessing psychological processes of change relevant for both psychotherapy and research in its original English version. However, further research focusing on translation and validation in other languages is needed for broader applicability. This study aims to translate and validate the PBAT in Swedish, and to examine the relationship with common clinical outcome variables.MethodsThe PBAT and STOP-D were translated and culturally adapted to Swedish. The study included 427 Swedish-speaking participants recruited online, with a mean age of 48. The PHQ-4 and Single Item Stress Scale were used as criterion variables. Correlational analyses and the Boruta feature selection algorithm were employed for data analysis.ResultsThe translated PBAT demonstrated significant correlations with clinical outcomes, indicating its effectiveness in a Swedish context. Positive PBAT items correlated with higher vitality and health, while negative items were predictive of sadness, anxiety, and stress. The Boruta analysis highlighted the importance of specific PBAT items to different clinical outcomes, underscoring the tool's validity.ConclusionThe Swedish version of the PBAT shows strong validity and reliability in assessing psychological health. This study contributes to the cross-cultural applicability of the PBAT, offering a valuable tool for psychological assessment in the Swedish context.
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| 15. |
- Larsson, Cornelia, et al.
(author)
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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for inpatients with psychosis -an acceptability and feasibility single case AB designed study
- 2022
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 25, s. 44-60
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: There is a lack of research on psychological treatments for psychosis in the inpatient setting. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for psychosis (ACTp) is a diagnose specific adaptation of the transdiagnostic ACT treatment model which has shown promising results in patients with psychosis. Aim: The aim was to explore treatment effects of ACTp on inpatients with psychosis on symptoms, level of functioning, level of activity, psychological flexibility, -health-related quality of life, valued living, and to explore the acceptability and feasibility of ACTp. Method: Twelve inpatients with psychosis were treated with 3-10 daily sessions of ACTp in a non-concurrent single case AB design with additional pre-post and mid-measures. The mean age at clinic A was 48.88 (SD = 11.59) and 48.75 (SD = 16.07) at clinic B. We calculated non - overlap of all pairs (NAP) in daily measures, and reliable change index (RCI), and clinical significance in pre-post measures. Results: Half of the participants improved significantly on health-related quality of life and depression in daily measures and on depression and anxiety in pre-post measures. ACTp was quite acceptable and recruitment and the deliverance of therapy in the inpatient setting was feasible. Conclusion: In the present study, participants found the ACTp treatment to be comprehensive and helpful. Recruitment and treatment of inpatients were feasible, however, since most participants were discharged before ACTp protocol was completed, fewer sessions or having sessions more frequently needs further investigation. Daily measurement showed a significant improvement in health-related quality of life and depression for a majority of the participants.
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| 16. |
- Lavefjord, Amani, et al.
(author)
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Assessment methods in single case design studies of psychological treatments for chronic pain : A scoping review
- 2021
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 21, s. 121-135
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Single case designs (SCDs) represent an excellent approach for developing and testing treatments, and for generating general knowledge of treatment mechanisms and outcomes. Their ability to generate knowledge, however, will depend on their methods being reliable, valid, clearly described, and replicable. This scoping review aims to map assessment methods in SCD studies of psychological treatments for chronic pain. The particular aims were to review the specific measures used, their modes of administration, their adequacy as measures, and opportunities for improvement. PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL and OpenGrey were searched for SCD studies of psychological treatments for chronic pain in adults. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility, with input from two additional reviewers, and then extracted relevant data from the 55 included studies. The most common outcome domains were “pain”, “physical functioning” and “psychological processes.” Non-behavioral measures were more common than behavioral or physiological measures. Measures were often standardized. Measures in each domain were highly varied, and administration information was lacking. Evi dence for adequacy of measures was based on psychometric analyses of aggregated group data for nonbehavioral measures and agreement for behavioral and physiological measures, but was frequently not re ported. Non-behavioral idiographic measures were often inadequate in that adapted measures were often used but validation was reported for original versions. Outcome domains did not correspond with currently available guidelines for measures employed in clinical trials in pain. A new set of guidelines, that is more suited to psy chological treatments and to SCDs, is needed. Researchers should consider following an idiographic framework by using individualized measures more often. When measures are individually applied, it is recommended that their adequacy is not based on nomothetic psychometric approaches. Rather, behavioral assessment principles should be employed. Overall, adequacy reporting, usage of SCD consistent terminology, and information on how measures are administered need improvement.
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| 17. |
- Livheim, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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A quasi-experimental, multicenter study of acceptance and commitment therapy for antisocial youth in residential care
- 2020
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 16, s. 119-127
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Treatment of youth in residential care may be a challenging task for most providers because comorbid problems are common and general psychosocial functioning is low. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is found to be the most effective treatment but results in only rather small improvements. Hence, there is potential to improve treatment approaches. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) could be one such approach. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness and feasibility of a brief trans diagnostic ACT group intervention for youth with comorbid problems in residential care. We also wanted to see whether increased psychological flexibility (PF) mediated potential positive outcomes, and to test the intervention under real-world conditions in residential care when delivered by less-specialized staff. With a quasi-experimental design, 69 youth (mean age 17.3 years) received Treatment-As-Usual (TAU), and 91 youth received TAU with an additional 12 h of ACT in a group setting (TAU + ACT). Follow-ups were conducted two weeks, 1 month, 6 months and 18 months after baseline. Intention-to-Treat (ITT) analyses showed statistically significant improvements 18 months after baseline, measured by the interaction of treatment and time for the primary outcomes of, anxiety [ACT * Months = -0.885 (0.445), p < 0.05, d = 0.34], depression [ACT * Months = -1.058 (0.526), p < 0.05, d = 0.39] and psychological flexibility [ACT * Months = -0.970 (0.413), p < 0.05; ACT * Months(2) = 0.053 (0.023), p < 0.05; d = 0.44] in TAU + ACT youth compared to TAU alone. Regarding secondary outcomes 6 months after baseline, the TAU + ACT group showed a significant decrease in anger, disruptive behavior, and increased self-concept, with small to medium effect sizes. We also observed that psychological flexibility mediated the decrease in the primary outcome of decreased anxiety. ACT in group format may be of help in promoting various positive outcomes for youth in residential care when added to treatment as usual. Increasing PF is a promising process variable that can be targeted to increase the effectiveness of interventions for this population.
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| 18. |
- Livheim, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric properties of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth : A psychological measure of psychological inflexibility in youth
- 2016
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 5:2, s. 103-110
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Consistent with the theory underlying Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), a construct termed psychological inflexibility has been suggested. There are few validated measures of psychological inflexibility for children and adolescents. One such validated instrument is the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y). The results from a single study have not so far been replicated for youth.Objective: The aim of this study is to test psychometric characteristics for Swedish versions of the AFQ-Y17 and AFQ-Y8. The participants were recruited from an on-going study within institutional care for young people (12-20 years) with psychosocial problems.Findings: In this study of a sample of 159 Swedish adolescents (15-20 years of age) with psychosocial problems, the full 17-item scale was used, and analyses of the 8 items that constitute the short version (AFQ-Y8) were conducted later. The short version showed better psychometric properties than the full 17-item scale. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine factor solutions. The better fit for AFQ-Y8 was indicated by three of the most common measures of model fit: the comparative fit index (CFI) value exceeded .95 (the recommended cut-off value), the root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA) was below 08 (the recommended cut-off value), and the value of the standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) was below the recommended .05 for the AFQ-Y8 scale, which the AFQ-Y17 scale failed to attain.Conclusions: This study supports the reliability, convergent validity and generalizability of both AFQ-Y17 and the shorter version AFQ-Y8. With regards to validity, both versions related in a theoretically consistent way with other psychological constructs. AFQ-Y8 was well represented by a single factor structure, while AFQ-Y17 showed a less good fit to a single factor structure. Overall, the AFQ-Y17 and AFQ-Y8 may be valuable clinical tools in reflecting changes in psychological inflexibility among adolescents. However, since the shorter version, AFQ-Y8, had psychometric properties that were at least as robust as the full 17-item scale, the shorter version is recommended for use among adolescents. (C) 2016 Association for Contextual Behavioral Science.
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| 19. |
- Luoma, Jason B., et al.
(author)
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Integrating contextual behavioral science with research on psychedelic assisted therapy : Introduction to the special section
- 2020
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 15, s. 207-209
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Scientific research on the therapeutic use of psychedelics has rapidly expanded over the past decade and, over the next decade, they may be approved for clinical use. Psychedelics have been used for centuries in ritual, community, and spiritual contexts and yet the potential for a scientific approach to these drugs has possibly never been greater than it is now. Modern well controlled trials show preliminary efficacy in relation to a range of different psychological problems. In this introduction we outline the aims of this special issue, present the case for integrating psychedelics and contextual behavioral science, and provide an overview of the papers in the issue.
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| 20. |
- McCracken, Lance M., 1962-, et al.
(author)
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Health, well-being, and persisting symptoms in the pandemic : What is the role of psychological flexibility?
- 2022
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 26, s. 187-192
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Finding psychological factors that can reduce the substantial impact of COVID-19 on mental and physical health is important. Here we replicate and expand a previous study regarding the role of psychological flexibility (PF) in this context. We employed a comprehensive and well validated measure of PF and examined its role in relation to health outcomes and persistent post COVID-19 symptoms. 1174 participants completed standardized measures of depression, anxiety, insomnia and the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI), and reported the presence of persistent symptoms associated with "long COVID." All PF and psychological inflexibility (PI) facets, except for acceptance, correlated with the three mental health outcomes and with persistent symptoms. PF and PI accounted for significant variance in depression, anxiety, and insomnia after adjusting for background and health status variables. A notable finding was the particularly stronger correlations obtained for the PI facets. Our findings emphasize the potentially mitigating effects of PF on mental ill health, as well as the particularly aggravating effects of PI, in the pandemic context. A novel finding is the significant association of PI with persisting symptoms of COVID.
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| 21. |
- McCracken, Lance, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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The role of psychological flexibility in the context of COVID-19 : Associations with depression, anxiety, and insomnia
- 2021
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 19, s. 28-35
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Evidence for detrimental impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and well-being around the world is now accumulating. As it does a next step is to understand how such effects can be mitigated, such as by studying psychological capacities that may afford people immunity against these impacts. In this study, we explore psychological flexibility (PF) and grit as potential resilience factors in the context of COVID-19. Standardized measures of depression, anxiety, and insomnia as well as measures of PF (committed action and inflexibility) and grit (perseverance of effort and consistency of interest) were administered through a large scale national online survey (N = 1102; mean age 36,9 years; 75% women). As predicted, the results show both PF and grit to be negatively associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Further, regression models including relevant background variables and both sets of resilience factors showed that total variance accounted for in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia was substantial, 50.5%, 49.5%, and 28.8%, respectively, with the PF components accounting for most of the explained variance in mental health. We conclude that PF and to a lesser extent grit may be important psychological resilience factors against mental health problems in the context of COVID-19. Our findings are practically important as they point to malleable public health targets during the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 and in the event of similar widespread health threats in the future.
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| 22. |
- Moran, Orla, et al.
(author)
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Investigating cognitive fusion, mindfulness and experiential avoidance in relation to psychosis-like symptoms in the general population
- 2021
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 21:June, s. 136-143
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has demonstrated promising outcomes to date with clinical populations affected by psychosis, however there is a dearth of such investigations involving non-clinical samples despite evidence that symptoms of psychosis exist on a continuum in the general population. The present study aimed to investigate how key ACT processes relate to psychosis-like symptoms in the general population. A convenience sample of 77 adults completed self-report measures of cognitive fusion, mindfulness, experiential avoidance, and psychosis-like symptoms, and relative distress, intrusiveness and frequency. A series of correlational and hierarchical regression analyses investigated the relationship between target variables. Higher mindfulness was related to lower levels of psychosis-like symptoms as well as lower distress, intrusiveness, and frequency in relation to these experiences, as were lower levels of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance. Higher levels of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance, as well as lower levels mindfulness, emerged as significant predictors of higher levels of psychosis-like symptoms, and higher relative distress, intrusiveness, and frequency. Findings are discussed in relation to implications for future clinical research.
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| 23. |
- O'Neill, Lucy, et al.
(author)
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The development of the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Fidelity Measure (ACT-FM) : A delphi study and field test
- 2019
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 14, s. 111-118
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Being able to assess whether psychological therapies are delivered according to their own principles is helpful for assuring treatment quality in research and training. We aimed to develop and preliminarily test a measure of therapist fidelity to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) that is concise in measuring key therapist behaviours, reliable, practicable and potentially applicable across therapy contexts. This measure was developed via expert consensus in a Delphi study (Study 1). Here, thirteen expert ACT practitioners (average of 11 years' experience with ACT, including 6 ACBS Peer Reviewed ACT Trainers) participated in three iterative rounds of online questionnaires. A preliminary draft of the measure was used to initiate discussion. In the first two rounds, participants rated and commented on existing items, the manual, and structure of the measure, and generated new items for consideration. In a third round, participants commented on the emergent draft of The ACT Fidelity Measure (ACT-FM). The Delphi study resulted in a 24-item measure with items structured around the three-part model of psychological flexibility ("Tri-flex") alongside Therapist Stance. Eighty-three percent of the chosen items met the specified criteria for consensus. In Study 2, to investigate usability and preliminary psychometric properties of the ACT-FM, a separate group of nine clinicians used the ACT-FM to rate a video of an ACT therapy session. Inter-rater reliability was moderate to excellent. Based on clinician feedback, the measure was expanded to 25 items. To reach the stated aims, further work is required particularly evaluating the utility of the ACT-FM across therapy contexts.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Rickardsson, Jenny, et al.
(author)
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Assessing values : Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Valuing Questionnaire in adults with chronic pain
- 2019
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 14, s. 40-49
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ability to engage in valued activities in the presence of pain and distress is critical to maintain or improve functioning and quality of life. Therefore, treatments based on contextual behavioral science, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), target values as a central change process and psychometrically adequate measures of the construct are needed. The Valuing Questionnaire (VQ) is a recent, generic and clinically relevant self-report questionnaire to assess values. There is yet a scarcity of psychometric evaluations, only one study has been conducted with chronic pain patients and the instrument is not yet available in Swedish. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of VQ in a sample of 252 persons seeking treatment for chronic pain. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a two-factor solution with ten items. Results showed an acceptable model fit, good internal consistencies and significant relationships with criteria variables. The construct validity of the questionnaire subscales was supported by moderate correlations with psychological inflexibility. Furthermore, VQ explained a significant amount of incremental variance in pain interference, quality of life, depressive symptoms, and psychological inflexibility with and without control for pain and distress. Results suggest that the Swedish translation of VQ has adequate psychometric properties, providing support for the utility of the instrument to assess values among individuals with chronic pain.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Spencer, Samuel, et al.
(author)
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Mindfulness and cognitive emotion regulation in pediatric misophonia
- 2023
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - 2212-1447. ; 29, s. 182-191
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Misophonia is characterized by decreased tolerance of ordinary human-generated trigger sounds and associated visual stimuli (e.g., chewing, sniffing, lip smacking), coupled with intense affective reactions. The disorder often begins during childhood or adolescence and is associated with impairment and distress in numerous life domains. Research has begun to examine the underlying psychological mechanisms of misophonia in adults, but studies in youth are limited. Trait mindfulness (i.e., nonjudgmental and nonavoidant present-moment awareness) and cognitive emotion regulation (i.e., cognitive processing, or responding to, emotionally arousing situations) are two proposed mechanisms that may underpin pediatric misophonia and associated functional impairment. In the present exploratory cross-sectional study, we examined trait mindfulness and cognitive emotion regulation and their relations with misophonia features and adaptive functioning in 102 youth with misophonia (Mage = 13.7; SD = 2.5; range = 8–17). More severe misophonia was significantly associated with decreased levels of both trait mindfulness and adaptive functioning across domains, in addition to deficits in certain facets of cognitive emotion regulation, particularly self-blame. Neither trait mindfulness nor facets of cognitive emotion regulation moderated the association between misophonia severity and adaptive functioning across domains, with the notable exception that difficulties with adaptive functioning in peer relationships was attenuated in those high in mindfulness. Findings suggest that trait mindfulness– and to a lesser extent cognitive emotion regulation– may be potentially relevant processes in pediatric misophonia. However, more research is needed to uncover the precise nature of these processes to aid future characterization and intervention efforts, especially in light of equivocal findings in the present study.
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| 31. |
- Thorsell Cederberg, Jenny, et al.
(author)
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A preliminary validation of the Swedish short version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y8) for children and adolescents with cancer
- 2018
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 10, s. 103-107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Psychological inflexibility constitutes a generalized vulnerability for psychopathology. Children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment are faced with numerous physical and psychological stressors throughout their cancer trajectory. Most of the survivors show resilience but some groups report psychological ill-health and poor quality-of-life long-term. Psychological flexibility has been shown to mediate improvements in psychological health for cancer patients. The Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y) is the most frequently used measure of psychological inflexibility in children and adolescents. It correlates with a wide range of measures of mental health and long-term functional behavior. The aim of the study was to investigate norm values, psychometric properties and factor structure of the AFQ-Y8 for children and adolescents with cancer. All children and adolescents, aged 7-18 years of age, undergoing cancer treatment in Sweden at the time of the study were invited to participate. Norm values, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and convergent validity were calculated and an exploratory factor analysis was conducted. 62 children participated. The mean of the AFQ-Y8 in the sample was 10.30 (5.75). Internal consistency was acceptable (alpha = 0.76), test-retest reliability was good (ICC = 0.64) and convergent validity was demonstrated (r = 0.42). Norm values are now available, and the psychometric properties supported, for the AFQ-Y8 for children and adolescents with cancer. This provides implications for the prevention and treatment of psychopathology for this population. However, the one-factor structure of the AFQ-Y8 was not unequivocally supported. The results from the PCA rather suggested a two-factor structure. Due to the small sample of the study, the results should be seen as preliminary and further validation is warranted, specifically with regards to factorial validity and sensitivity to change.
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| 32. |
- Thorsell Cederberg, Jenny, et al.
(author)
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Validation of the Swedish Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (SAAQ) for parents of children with cancer
- 2018
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 10, s. 50-54
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Experiential avoidance (EA) has been shown to constitute a generalized vulnerability for psychopathology. It is described as unwillingness to be in contact with aversive private experiences followed by behavioral responses to avoid those experiences. The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II) is the most frequently used measure of EA and has been shown to correlate with a wide range of measures of mental health and long-term functional behavior. The Swedish version of the scale has previously been evaluated in a non-clinical sample but remains to be evaluated in a clinical one. A subgroup of parents of children with cancer report psychological ill-health long-term. The aim of the study was to investigate factor structure, norm values and psychometric properties of the Swedish Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (SAAQ) for parents of children with cancer. Parents of all children undergoing cancer treatment in Sweden at the time of the study were invited to participate. Factor structure was investigated and norm values, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and convergent validity were calculated. 243 parents participated. The mean of the SAAQ in the sample was 16.69 (SD 8.68; SE 0.56). Internal consistency (alpha = 0.92) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.86) were excellent. The SAAQ correlated moderately with the Pain Catastrophizing Scale for parents (PCS-P). Norm values are now available, and the psychometric properties supported, for the SAAQ for parents of children with cancer. This may facilitate prevention and treatment of psychopathology for this population by providing implications for interventions. First, however, sensitivity to change needs to be assessed.
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| 33. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(author)
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Acceptability and preliminary test of efficacy of the Mind programme in women with breast cancer : An acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion-based intervention
- 2020
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 15, s. 162-171
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although there is some evidence on the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in improving health and psychological outcomes in women with breast cancer, further research is needed to understand these findings' clinical significance. Furthermore, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention studies on breast cancer are scarce, and no compassion-based intervention has been tested for cancer patients. Given the complementarily and compatibility of mindfulness practice, ACT, and Compassion Focused Therapy, the current study combined these approaches to develop an integrative intervention specifically adapted to cancer patients, the Mind programme. Participants were recruited at the Radiotherapy Service of the Coimbra University Hospital (CHUC) and were assigned to one of two groups: the experimental group (Treatment As Usual + Mind Programme (8 weekly sessions and homework assignments) - n = 15) and the control group (Treatment As Usual - n = 17). There was a 100% retention on the experimental group, during the intervention. The effect size for psychological health (g = 0.79) was particularly noteworthy, suggesting that the intervention presented benefits that are comparable to mindfulness only-based interventions. The experimental group also improved on physical health (g = 0.16), quality of social relationships (g = 0.42), depression symptoms (g = - 0.42), and stress (g = - 0.32). Participants reported it was important for them to take part in the programme, and that it improved the way they deal with difficulties. Results indicate that the Mind programme may be a useful complement to the medical treatment of breast cancer and support the combination of acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion-based components in this context. Having an accessible and integrative psychological programme for people with cancer may significantly help improving quality of life and mental health in this population. Further implications are discussed.
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| 34. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(author)
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Comprehensive assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy processes (CompACT) : Measure refinement and study of measurement invariance across Portuguese and UK samples
- 2021
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 21, s. 30-36
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The need for a transnational validation is imperative at the stage of development of the CompACT, a self-report measure of psychological flexibility. This study aimed to translate, validate and test the factor structure of the Portuguese version of the CompACT and to conduct a measurement invariance analysis comparing the scale's performance in Portuguese and UK samples.Results from an Exploratory Factor Analysis demonstrated that the Portuguese version of the CompACT statistically performed better without 5 items from the Openness to Experience subscale. The 18-item Portuguese-adapted CompACT presented significant correlations in the expected directions and with the expected magnitudes with AAQ-II, CFQ-7, MAAS, CAQ-8, and DASS-21. Partial metric invariance was demonstrated between the Portuguese-adapted 18-item CompACT and the original CompACT in a UK sample. The non-correspondence between responses to these versions may be due to differences between the Portuguese and British cultures.This study contributes with the adaptation of the original CompACT to the Portuguese language and with the refinement of this instrument to an 18-item measure of psychological flexibility, that appears to be adequate for use in Portuguese samples. The lack of complete metric invariance of the CompACT found across the Portuguese and UK samples highlights the importance of psychometrically analyzing psychological instruments before use in cultural contexts distinct from the one targeted in the measure's original validation study.
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| 35. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(author)
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Further validation of the cognitive fusion questionnaire – chronic illness (CFQ-CI) in different health condition samples
- 2020
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 16, s. 45-48
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- CFQ-CI was previously developed and preliminarily validated in a study with a single online-recruited inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) sample. The current study presents a further validation of CFQ-CI in four different samples of patients with chronic health conditions: a sample of 82 women with breast cancer, an online-recruited mixed sample of 100 people with cancer, a sample of 69 people with IBD, and an online-recruited mixed chronic illness sample of 93 participants. Confirmatory Factor Analyses, multi-group, reliability, and differences analyses were conducted.Results indicated that the scale is a robust unidimensional 7-item measure of chronic illness-related cognitivefusion, with excellent reliability and structural validity across the four studied samples and in both paper-penciland online-based collection methods. Measurement invariance was not established across the samples, suggesting that CFQ-CI does not appear tofunction equivalently across different illness diagnoses.This study confirms CFQ-CI as a robust, adequate, and simple measure of chronic illness-related cognitive fusion that can be used in different behavioural medicine research and clinical contexts. As the scale does not seem to present measurement invariance, comparing scores between different illness groups is not recommended.
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| 36. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(author)
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The moderating effect of psychological flexibility on the link between learned helplessness and depression symptomatology : A preliminary study
- 2020
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 15, s. 68-72
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: In accordance to ACT theory, psychological inflexibility may influence the well-known link between learned helplessness and depression symptomatology. This exploratory preliminary study aims to analyse whether psychological flexibility moderates the relationship between these variables.Methods: A community sample of 84 Portuguese participants (30 men and 54 women), with a mean age of 33.98 (SD = 11.05), completed the LHS, CompACT, and DASS-21. The moderating effect of psychological flexibility on the relationship between learned helplessness and depression symptomatology was calculated using the PROCESS computation macro.Results: The interaction term between learned helplessness and psychological flexibility was significant (b = -0.01, SE = 0.00, p < 0.001), pointing out psychological flexibility as a moderator of the association between learned helplessness and depression symptoms. The total model explained 55% of the variance of depression symptomatology. For the same level of learned helplessness, participants who reported higher psychological flexibility, presented less depression symptomatology. The buffer effect of psychological flexibility is stronger when learned helplessness is higher.Discussion: Higher psychological flexibility seems to be protective for depression symptomatology, in particular for those individuals who experience higher levels of learned helplessness. Individuals who are most likely to struggle with learned helplessness are potentially those who could benefit the most of an intervention targeting psychological flexibility as a way to ameliorate depressive symptomatology. Future studies with larger and clinical samples are required to confirm these preliminary findings.
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| 37. |
- Trindade, Inês, 1990, et al.
(author)
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Further validation of the 18-item Portuguese CompACT scale using a multi-sample design: Confirmatory factor analysis and correlates of psychological flexibility
- 2022
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 25, s. 1-9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An 18-item Portuguese-language version of the CompACT scale has recently been proposed for the Portuguese population. This study aims at conducting the first Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Portuguese CompACT in participants from two different samples (community adults and women in the post-partum period; total N = 1090). Given that the CompACT had yet to be subjected to gender invariance testing, the present study also presents an invariance analysis between male and female community participants. The measurement invariance of the Portuguese CompACT between community and post-partum women was also examined. The current study additionally explored the scale's relationships with theoretically relevant outcomes associated in the literature with psychological flexibility. Results showed that the three-factor correlated model of the Portuguese CompACT was an adequate fit for the data taken from the complete sample, with most items presenting statistically and practically significant loading values. The Portuguese CompACT presented acceptable to good internal consistencies for all factors - Openness to Experience (OE), Behavioral Awareness (BA), and Valued Action (VA). Full measurement invariance was found, with results further indicating that community women presented lower scores in BA than community men, and that women in the post-partum period scored higher than community women in BA and VA, and lower in OE. The three subscales of the Portuguese CompACT, that underpin the overarching construct of psychological flexibility, demonstrated different patterns of association from one another with various aspects of individual functioning. Although those associations were in the expected directions with flexibility being associated with lower distress, some forms of psychological flexibility assessed by the Portuguese CompACT were not significantly associated with measures of positive affect or resilience. This result underscores the difficulty of measuring psychological flexibility as a single construct, as it comprises a number of sub-component processes. Further implications of findings are discussed.
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| 38. |
- Tyrberg, Mårten, et al.
(author)
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Usefulness of the ACT model for nurses in psychiatric inpatient care : A qualitative content analysis
- 2017
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 6:2, s. 208-214
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Alleviating the suffering of patients treated in psychiatric inpatient wards is a great challenge. Preliminary or multiple diagnoses, inherent complexities of the inpatient milieu and the lack of potentially effective psychological treatment form part of this challenge. The present study explored the usefulness of a transdiagnostic psychological treatment model (Acceptance & Commitment Therapy, ACT) as a means of improving inpatient care from the perspective of psychiatric nurses. Nurses (n = 10) participated in three ACT workshops, a total of 21 h, and were interviewed about the experienced usefulness and difficulties of the ACT model, as a tool for improving everyday ward work. Results, revealed by qualitative content analysis, suggest usefulness in the areas of alleviating patients symptoms, enriching typical ward duties, and handling one's own thoughts and feelings. Difficulties stemmed from lack of time, the model itself and patients' severe illness. Possible adjustments of the ward context are suggested.
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| 39. |
- Wallin, Emma, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Promote Value Attainment Among Individuals with overweight: A multiple baseline evaluation
- 2018
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 10:October, s. 41-49
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although overweight is typically associated with lower quality of life, weight loss in itself does not necessarily improve quality of life. Therefore, there is an increase of studies investigating the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to promote values-based behavior among people with overweight. However, few have evaluated the use of brief self-help interventions with minimal therapist support. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact with regard to value attainment related to health and weight related experiential avoidance as well as the acceptability of a self-help intervention based on ACT with therapist support via telephone. A single subject multiple baseline design with temporal staggering and randomization of treatment onset was used. Participants with overweight or obesity (n = 13, 100% women) with a mean age of 42 (SD = 13.79) were recruited through social media. The intervention consisted of a workbook and weekly telephone support during a 3-week treatment period. Primary and secondary outcome measures were collected daily and before, after and at 3-months follow up. Results indicate that the intervention improved daily ratings of value attainment related to health among seven participants and reduced experiential avoidance among five of the participants. Effect sizes for those who improved were medium to large. Remaining participants did not improve with regard to the primary outcomes. Moreover, results indicate that the intervention was associated with acceptable adherence and treatment satisfaction. Future studies are needed in order to understand more about for what types of clients a brief self-help ACT intervention may be helpful to improve values based behavior.
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| 40. |
- Zetterqvist, Vendela, et al.
(author)
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Acceptance-based behavioural treatment for insomnia in chronic pain : A clinical pilot study
- 2018
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 9, s. 72-79
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundFor patients with chronic pain the prevalence of insomnia is 5–8 times higher as compared to the general population. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has gained strong empirical support in the treatment of chronic pain and is today increasingly used in pain clinics. However, no ACT-consistent treatment for insomnia in chronic pain has yet been empirically evaluated, although preliminary data show a relation between acceptance and aspects of insomnia. The aim of this clinical pilot study was to develop and evaluate the feasibility and preliminary outcome of an acceptance-based behavioural group treatment protocol for insomnia in patients with chronic pain.MethodsPatients with chronic pain who had completed an ACT program to improve behavioural flexibility and functioning, and continued to have poor sleep to an extent that met the diagnostic criteria for insomnia, were considered eligible for participation in an acceptance-based behavioural group treatment for insomnia. Sixteen patients were enrolled in the study. Feasibility and treatment effects (primary outcome measure: Insomnia Severity Index, ISI) were assessed pre- and post treatment, as well as three months post- treatment.ResultsThere was a satisfying degree of retention and treatment compliance. On average patients participated in 5.31 (SD=0.70) out of six group sessions and completed 4.63 (SD = 0.62) of the five homework assignments. Overall, the completion rate of planned assessments was acceptable. However, assessment of sleep diary data at follow-up had 37.5% missing data and the recruitment rate averaged one patient per month. Significant improvements were seen in most outcomes, and results were maintained at follow-up, with large effects on primary outcome (ISI) at post-treatment g′= 2.02, 95% CI [0.90–3.14], and at follow-up g′= 1.69, 95% CI [.59, 2.78]. At follow-up twelve (75.0%) of the patients were classified as responders, of which five (31.2%) were remitters.ConclusionResults overall showed a satisfying degree of feasibility with regards to retention, treatment compliance and completion of planned assessments. Changes in procedure are required in order to optimise recruitment rate. The treatment is potentially promising in terms of improved sleep for patients with longstanding pain. Larger, randomised controlled studies are needed to evaluate the treatment.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Åkerblom, Sophia, et al.
(author)
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Further validation of the Chronic Pain Values Inventory in a Swedish chronic pain sample
- 2017
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In: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 6:3, s. 261-267
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PurposeValue based action is an important process in the psychological flexibility model and is associated with daily functioning in people with chronic pain, but measures of it are not well-developed. The purpose of the present study was to examine the reliability and validity of a Swedish-language version of the Chronic Pain Values Inventory (CPVI) in a large sample of adults seeking treatment for chronic pain.Material and methodsA Swedish version of the CPVI was created and administered alongside other measures of psychological flexibility and pain-related functioning in a convenience sample of 232 patients admitted for treatment at the Pain Rehabilitation Unit at Skåne University Hospital between February 2014 and December 2015. Internal consistency of the CPVI was assessed as was its relationship to theoretically related facets from the psychological flexibility model. The utility of values-related processes in explaining variance in pain-related functioning was also examined by correlations and hierarchical regression analyses.ResultsOverall, this Swedish-language version of the CPVI was found to have satisfactory reliability and validity. The CPVI subscales yielded high levels of internal consistency. Evidence of construct validity in relation to other measures from the psychological flexibility model was observed as well as evidence of clinical utility in relation to measures of pain-related functioning.DiscussionThis brief self-report measure of values-based action seems to yield valid data in Swedish adults suffering from chronic pain. Values based processes appear important within evidence-based treatments for chronic pain, especially Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and the CPVI may help assess these, particularly in predictor studies of pain-related functioning and analyses of therapeutic change processes or mechanisms.
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