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- Eng Larsson, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Vilket leveransalternativ föredrar egentligen dina kunder?
- 2020
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In: Supply Chain Effect. - 2000-8457. ; 2020:5, s. 34-37
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- 2020 är ett speciellt år på många sätt. En konsekvens av den pågående pandemin är en lavinartad tillväxt i e-handeln. Enligt PostNords ehandelsbarometer ökade e-handeln med 49 % i Sverige under det andra kvartalet 2020, jämfört med Q2 2019. Det mesta tyder på att utvecklingen kommer att fortsätta åt samma håll vilket innebär en utmaning för detaljhandeln.
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| 2. |
- Özlü, Neslihan, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Better safe than sorry: An empirical investigation of the role of purchaser experience
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The lead times of suppliers vary considerably, causing manufacturers to suffer from low service levels and also to accumulate material and product inventories. Although various inventory control and production planning models have been studied in the operations management literature, there is scant research on the behavioral aspects of purchasing decisions beyond the ordering quantity. Drawing on transaction-level purchasing data from a large European manufacturer, we investigate the purchasers' ordering behavior under variable lead times. We examine the learning of the purchasers from their experiences with the suppliers, in terms of both how many encounters they had with the suppliers and how the experiences went. We apply two-part regression models with fixed effects to estimate the effects of purchaser experience and past supplier performance. Our analysis reveals insights into the purchasers' learning process, indicating that they rely on their prior encounters with suppliers and change their ordering behavior as they gain experience. We show that the decision to add positive safety time is driven mainly by supplier performance. With experience, purchasers become more eager to use safety time as a buffering strategy, while simultaneously learning not to overreact to past supplier performance. Furthermore, purchasers give higher weights to the normalized lateness/tardiness of their most recent encounters than to earlier ones. Our results highlight the importance of understanding the behavioral aspects that impact purchasing operations, due to which employees might have objectives that are misaligned with the company goals. This finding also points to a need for further automation of ordering tasks as well as the incorporation of behavioral factors to decision support systems.
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| 3. |
- Özlü, Neslihan, 1980-
(author)
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The Heterogeneity of Behavior in Operations Processes : Empirical Evidence
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Behavioral science research has established that observed human behavior may deviate considerably from model suggestions. In addition to the realization that there is no such thing as standardized human behavior, there are also substantial differences in how people deviate from the model: Different individuals make dissimilar decisions in the same situation when using the same information. Recently, behavioral operations management has seen an increased focus on understanding the role of humans in the decisions and processes these models aim to capture. However, still little is known about the factors that determine the observed behavioral heterogeneity.Advancements in technology have made it possible to collect and analyze data at granular levels. The availability of such detailed data has increased the ability of the behavioral sciences to examine behavior with techniques from data science and empirical analysis. Therein lies the possibility of capturing the human role in processes and improving them according to the results.The overarching purpose of this dissertation is to enhance the understanding of what drives heterogeneity of behavior in operations processes. To fulfill this purpose, this dissertation presents four studies; each targeting drivers of the heterogeneity in different operations processes. The four studies focus on decision making, determining choices, and forecasting in different empirical settings.The first study analyzes the ordering behavior of purchasing agents when placing orders involving uncertain lead times with suppliers. Purchasers seem to rely on their prior encounters with suppliers and add safety times depending on the type and recency of their experiences with them. This behavior may lead to early ordering to avoid late deliveries. Our results inform behavioral operations by examining the mechanism behind experiential learning in an industrial setting. The second study explores e-commerce customers’ choices of fulfillment methods. It disentangles the importance of a customer’s perceived delivery convenience from factors such as order fulfillment speed and price of delivery.The third study investigates industrial purchasing again, this time analyzing how purchasers time their orders depending on previous experiences with specific suppliers and the experiences of peers. Our findings contribute to the literature on supply chain disruptions and the effect of rare events on an individual’s ordering decisions, and highlight how individuals learn from their own as well as from peers' experiences. The fourth study focuses on the effect of lifetime experiences on professionals who are tasked with forecasting inflation over an extended period. We provide evidence that systematic differences in forecasts of inflation across generations of economic forecasters are due to varied lifetime experiences. This outcome adds to the literature on experiential effects by emphasizing the importance of individual judgment versus available information in forecasting tasks.All studies use field data collected from several companies to explore drivers of behavioral heterogeneity in operations processes. Their findings permit a better understanding of what drives variations of behavior in different operations settings, which through further elaboration and research can help businesses set more targeted policies and management priorities.
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