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| 4. |
- Blokland, G. A. M., et al.
(author)
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Sex-Dependent Shared and Nonshared Genetic Architecture Across Mood and Psychotic Disorders
- 2022
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In: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 91:1, s. 102-117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Sex differences in incidence and/or presentation of schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BIP) are pervasive. Previous evidence for shared genetic risk and sex differences in brain abnormalities across disorders suggest possible shared sex-dependent genetic risk. Methods: We conducted the largest to date genome-wide genotype-by-sex (G×S) interaction of risk for these disorders using 85,735 cases (33,403 SCZ, 19,924 BIP, and 32,408 MDD) and 109,946 controls from the PGC (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium) and iPSYCH. Results: Across disorders, genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphism–by-sex interaction was detected for a locus encompassing NKAIN2 (rs117780815, p = 3.2 × 10−8), which interacts with sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) enzymes, implicating neuronal excitability. Three additional loci showed evidence (p < 1 × 10−6) for cross-disorder G×S interaction (rs7302529, p = 1.6 × 10−7; rs73033497, p = 8.8 × 10−7; rs7914279, p = 6.4 × 10−7), implicating various functions. Gene-based analyses identified G×S interaction across disorders (p = 8.97 × 10−7) with transcriptional inhibitor SLTM. Most significant in SCZ was a MOCOS gene locus (rs11665282, p = 1.5 × 10−7), implicating vascular endothelial cells. Secondary analysis of the PGC-SCZ dataset detected an interaction (rs13265509, p = 1.1 × 10−7) in a locus containing IDO2, a kynurenine pathway enzyme with immunoregulatory functions implicated in SCZ, BIP, and MDD. Pathway enrichment analysis detected significant G×S interaction of genes regulating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling in MDD (false discovery rate-corrected p < .05). Conclusions: In the largest genome-wide G×S analysis of mood and psychotic disorders to date, there was substantial genetic overlap between the sexes. However, significant sex-dependent effects were enriched for genes related to neuronal development and immune and vascular functions across and within SCZ, BIP, and MDD at the variant, gene, and pathway levels. © 2021 Society of Biological Psychiatry
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Mullins, N., et al.
(author)
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Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000 bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology
- 2021
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 53, s. 817-829
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bipolar disorder is a heritable mental illness with complex etiology. We performed a genome-wide association study of 41,917 bipolar disorder cases and 371,549 controls of European ancestry, which identified 64 associated genomic loci. Bipolar disorder risk alleles were enriched in genes in synaptic signaling pathways and brain-expressed genes, particularly those with high specificity of expression in neurons of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Significant signal enrichment was found in genes encoding targets of antipsychotics, calcium channel blockers, antiepileptics and anesthetics. Integrating expression quantitative trait locus data implicated 15 genes robustly linked to bipolar disorder via gene expression, encoding druggable targets such as HTR6, MCHR1, DCLK3 and FURIN. Analyses of bipolar disorder subtypes indicated high but imperfect genetic correlation between bipolar disorder type I and II and identified additional associated loci. Together, these results advance our understanding of the biological etiology of bipolar disorder, identify novel therapeutic leads and prioritize genes for functional follow-up studies. Genome-wide association analyses of 41,917 bipolar disorder cases and 371,549 controls of European ancestry provide new insights into the etiology of this disorder and identify novel therapeutic leads and potential opportunities for drug repurposing.
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| 12. |
- Jonsson, Lina, 1982, et al.
(author)
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Characterisation of age and polarity at onset in bipolar disorder
- 2021
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In: British Journal of Psychiatry. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0007-1250 .- 1472-1465. ; 219:6, s. 659-669
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Studying phenotypic and genetic characteristics of age at onset (AAO) and polarity at onset (PAO) in bipolar disorder can provide new insights into disease pathology and facilitate the development of screening tools. Aims To examine the genetic architecture of AAO and PAO and their association with bipolar disorder disease characteristics. Method Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and polygenic score (PGS) analyses of AAO (n = 12 977) and PAO (n = 6773) were conducted in patients with bipolar disorder from 34 cohorts and a replication sample (n = 2237). The association of onset with disease characteristics was investigated in two of these cohorts. Results Earlier AAO was associated with a higher probability of psychotic symptoms, suicidality, lower educational attainment, not living together and fewer episodes. Depressive onset correlated with suicidality and manic onset correlated with delusions and manic episodes. Systematic differences in AAO between cohorts and continents of origin were observed. This was also reflected in single-nucleotide variant-based heritability estimates, with higher heritabilities for stricter onset definitions. Increased PGS for autism spectrum disorder (beta = -0.34 years, s.e. = 0.08), major depression (beta = -0.34 years, s.e. = 0.08), schizophrenia (beta = -0.39 years, s.e. = 0.08), and educational attainment (beta = -0.31 years, s.e. = 0.08) were associated with an earlier AAO. The AAO GWAS identified one significant locus, but this finding did not replicate. Neither GWAS nor PGS analyses yielded significant associations with PAO. Conclusions AAO and PAO are associated with indicators of bipolar disorder severity. Individuals with an earlier onset show an increased polygenic liability for a broad spectrum of psychiatric traits. Systematic differences in AAO across cohorts, continents and phenotype definitions introduce significant heterogeneity, affecting analyses.
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| 13. |
- Witt, S. H., et al.
(author)
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Genome-wide association study of borderline personality disorder reveals genetic overlap with bipolar disorder, major depression and schizophrenia
- 2017
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In: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Borderline personality disorder (BOR) is determined by environmental and genetic factors, and characterized by affective instability and impulsivity, diagnostic symptoms also observed in manic phases of bipolar disorder (BIP). Up to 20% of BIP patients show comorbidity with BOR. This report describes the first case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BOR, performed in one of the largest BOR patient samples worldwide. The focus of our analysis was (i) to detect genes and gene sets involved in BOR and (ii) to investigate the genetic overlap with BIP. As there is considerable genetic overlap between BIP, major depression (MDD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) and a high comorbidity of BOR and MDD, we also analyzed the genetic overlap of BOR with SCZ and MDD. GWAS, gene-based tests and gene-set analyses were performed in 998 BOR patients and 1545 controls. Linkage disequilibrium score regression was used to detect the genetic overlap between BOR and these disorders. Single marker analysis revealed no significant association after correction for multiple testing. Gene-based analysis yielded two significant genes: DPYD (P = 4.42 x 10(-7)) and PKP4 (P = 8.67 x 10(-7)); and gene-set analysis yielded a significant finding for exocytosis (GO: 0006887, PFDR = 0.019; FDR, false discovery rate). Prior studies have implicated DPYD, PKP4 and exocytosis in BIP and SCZ. The most notable finding of the present study was the genetic overlap of BOR with BIP (r(g) = 0.28 [P = 2.99 x 10(-3)]), SCZ (r(g) = 0.34 [P = 4.37 x 10(-5)]) and MDD (r(g) = 0.57 [P = 1.04 x 10(-3)]). We believe our study is the first to demonstrate that BOR overlaps with BIP, MDD and SCZ on the genetic level. Whether this is confined to transdiagnostic clinical symptoms should be examined in future studies.
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| 14. |
- de Jong, S, et al.
(author)
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Applying polygenic risk scoring for psychiatric disorders to a large family with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder
- 2018
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In: Communications biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 1, s. 163-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Psychiatric disorders are thought to have a complex genetic pathology consisting of interplay of common and rare variation. Traditionally, pedigrees are used to shed light on the latter only, while here we discuss the application of polygenic risk scores to also highlight patterns of common genetic risk. We analyze polygenic risk scores for psychiatric disorders in a large pedigree (n ~ 260) in which 30% of family members suffer from major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. Studying patterns of assortative mating and anticipation, it appears increased polygenic risk is contributed by affected individuals who married into the family, resulting in an increasing genetic risk over generations. This may explain the observation of anticipation in mood disorders, whereby onset is earlier and the severity increases over the generations of a family. Joint analyses of rare and common variation may be a powerful way to understand the familial genetics of psychiatric disorders.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Jia, X. M., et al.
(author)
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Investigating rare pathogenic/likely pathogenic exonic variation in bipolar disorder
- 2021
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In: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 26:9, s. 5239-5250
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental illness with substantial common variant heritability. However, the role of rare coding variation in BD is not well established. We examined the protein-coding (exonic) sequences of 3,987 unrelated individuals with BD and 5,322 controls of predominantly European ancestry across four cohorts from the Bipolar Sequencing Consortium (BSC). We assessed the burden of rare, protein-altering, single nucleotide variants classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P-LP) both exome-wide and within several groups of genes with phenotypic or biologic plausibility in BD. While we observed an increased burden of rare coding P-LP variants within 165 genes identified as BD GWAS regions in 3,987 BD cases (meta-analysis OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.3-2.8, one-sided p = 6.0 x 10(-4)), this enrichment did not replicate in an additional 9,929 BD cases and 14,018 controls (OR = 0.9, one-side p = 0.70). Although BD shares common variant heritability with schizophrenia, in the BSC sample we did not observe a significant enrichment of P-LP variants in SCZ GWAS genes, in two classes of neuronal synaptic genes (RBFOX2 and FMRP) associated with SCZ or in loss-of-function intolerant genes. In this study, the largest analysis of exonic variation in BD, individuals with BD do not carry a replicable enrichment of rare P-LP variants across the exome or in any of several groups of genes with biologic plausibility. Moreover, despite a strong shared susceptibility between BD and SCZ through common genetic variation, we do not observe an association between BD risk and rare P-LP coding variants in genes known to modulate risk for SCZ.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Fattibene, P, et al.
(author)
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The 4th international comparison on EPR dosimetry with tooth enamel Part 1: Report on the results
- 2011
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In: Radiation Measurements. - : Elsevier. - 1350-4487 .- 1879-0925. ; 46:9, s. 765-771
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents the results of the 4th International Comparison of in vitro electron paramagnetic resonance dosimetry with tooth enamel, where the performance parameters of tooth enamel dosimetry methods were compared among sixteen laboratories from all over the world. The participating laboratories were asked to determine a calibration curve with a set of tooth enamel powder samples provided by the organizers. Nine molar teeth extracted following medical indication from German donors and collected between 1997 and 2007 were prepared and irradiated at the Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen. Five out of six samples were irradiated at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 Gy air kerma; and one unirradiated sample was kept as control. The doses delivered to the individual samples were unknown to the participants, who were asked to measure each sample nine times, and to report the EPR signal response, the mass of aliquots measured, and the parameters of EPR signal acquisition and signal evaluation. Critical dose and detection limit were calculated by the organizers on the basis of the calibration-curve parameters obtained at every laboratory. For calibration curves obtained by measuring every calibration sample three times, the mean value of the detection limit was 205 mGy, ranging from 56 to 649 mGy. The participants were also invited to provide the signal response and the nominal dose of their current dose calibration curve (wherever available), the critical dose and detection limit of which were also calculated by the organizers.
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| 27. |
- Hagg, S, et al.
(author)
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Short telomere length is associated with impaired cognitive performance in European ancestry cohorts
- 2017
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In: Translational psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 7:4, s. e1100-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The association between telomere length (TL) dynamics on cognitive performance over the life-course is not well understood. This study meta-analyses observational and causal associations between TL and six cognitive traits, with stratifications on APOE genotype, in a Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework. Twelve European cohorts (N=17 052; mean age=59.2±8.8 years) provided results for associations between qPCR-measured TL (T/S-ratio scale) and general cognitive function, mini-mental state exam (MMSE), processing speed by digit symbol substitution test (DSST), visuospatial functioning, memory and executive functioning (STROOP). In addition, a genetic risk score (GRS) for TL including seven known genetic variants for TL was calculated, and used in associations with cognitive traits as outcomes in all cohorts. Observational analyses showed that longer telomeres were associated with better scores on DSST (β=0.051 per s.d.-increase of TL; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.024, 0.077; P=0.0002), and MMSE (β=0.025; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.047; P=0.03), and faster STROOP (β=−0.053; 95% CI: −0.087, −0.018; P=0.003). Effects for DSST were stronger in APOE ɛ4 non-carriers (β=0.081; 95% CI: 0.045, 0.117; P=1.0 × 10−5), whereas carriers performed better in STROOP (β=−0.074; 95% CI: −0.140, −0.009; P=0.03). Causal associations were found for STROOP only (β=−0.598 per s.d.-increase of TL; 95% CI: −1.125, −0.072; P=0.026), with a larger effect in ɛ4-carriers (β=−0.699; 95% CI: −1.330, −0.069; P=0.03). Two-sample replication analyses using CHARGE summary statistics showed causal effects between TL and general cognitive function and DSST, but not with STROOP. In conclusion, we suggest causal effects from longer TL on better cognitive performance, where APOE ɛ4-carriers might be at differential risk.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Salami, A., et al.
(author)
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Association of APOE epsilon 4 and Plasma p-tau181 with Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease and Longitudinal Change in Hippocampus Function
- 2022
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In: Journal of Alzheimers Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 85:3, s. 1309-1320
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The Apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele has been linked to increased tau phosphorylation and tangle formation. APOE epsilon 4 carriers with elevated tau might be at the higher risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Previous studies showed that tau pathology begins early in areas of the medial temporal lobe Similarly, APOE epsilon 4 carriers showed altered hippocampal functional integrity. However, it remains unknown whether the influence of elevated tau accumulation on hippocampal functional changes would be more pronounced for APOE epsilon 4 carriers. Objective: We related epsilon 4 carriage to levels of plasma phosphorylated tau (p-taul 81) up to 15 years prior to AD onset. Furthermore, elevated p-tau181 was explored in relation to longitudinal changes in hippocampal function and connectivity. Methods: Plasma p-taul 81 was analyzed in 142 clinically defined AD cases and 126 matched controls. The longitudinal analysis involved 87 non-demented individuals (from population-based study) with two waves of plasma samples and three waves of functional magnetic resonance imaging during rest and memory encoding. Results: Increased p-taul 81 was observed for both epsilon 4 carriers and non-carriers close to AD onset, but exclusively for epsilon 4 carriers in the early preclinical groups (7- and 13-years pre-AD). In epsilon 4 carriers, longitudinal p-taul 81 increase was paralleled by elevated local hippocampal connectivity at rest and subsequent reduction of hippocampus encoding-related activity. Conclusion: Our findings support an association of APOE epsilon 4 and p-tau181 with preclinical AD and hippocampus functioning.
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| 30. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Characterizing the initial conditions of heavy-ion collisions at the LHC with mean transverse momentum and anisotropic flow correlations
- 2022
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In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 834
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Correlations between mean transverse momentum [pT] and anisotropic flow coefficients v2 or v3 are measured as a function of centrality in Pb–Pb and Xe–Xe collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV and 5.44 TeV, respectively, with ALICE. In addition, the recently proposed higher-order correlation between [pT], v2, and v3 is measured for the first time, which shows an anticorrelation for the presented centrality ranges. These measurements are compared with hydrodynamic calculations using IP-Glasma and TRENTo initial-state shapes, the former based on the Color Glass Condensate effective theory with gluon saturation, and the latter a parameterized model with nucleons as the relevant degrees of freedom. The data are better described by the IP-Glasma rather than the TRENTo based calculations. In particular, Trajectum and JETSCAPE predictions, both based on the TRENTo initial state model but with different parameter settings, fail to describe the measurements. As the correlations between [pT] and vn are mainly driven by the correlations of the size and the shape of the system in the initial state, these new studies pave a novel way to characterize the initial state and help pin down the uncertainty of the extracted properties of the quark–gluon plasma recreated in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. © 2022 The Author(s)
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| 31. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Constraining hadronization mechanisms with Λc+/D0 production ratios in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV
- 2023
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In: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 839
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The production of prompt Λc+ baryons at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) was measured in central (0–10%) and mid-central (30–50%) Pb–Pb collisions at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon pair sNN=5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector. The results are more precise, more differential in centrality, and reach much lower transverse momentum (pT=1 GeV/c) with respect to previous measurements performed by the ALICE, STAR, and CMS Collaborations in nucleus–nucleus collisions, allowing for an extrapolation down to pT=0. The pT-differential Λc+/D0 ratio is enhanced with respect to the pp measurement for 4
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| 32. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Direct observation of the dead-cone effect in quantum chromodynamics
- 2022
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 605:7910, s. 440-446
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In particle collider experiments, elementary particle interactions with large momentum transfer produce quarks and gluons (known as partons) whose evolution is governed by the strong force, as described by the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD)1. These partons subsequently emit further partons in a process that can be described as a parton shower2, which culminates in the formation of detectable hadrons. Studying the pattern of the parton shower is one of the key experimental tools for testing QCD. This pattern is expected to depend on the mass of the initiating parton, through a phenomenon known as the dead-cone effect, which predicts a suppression of the gluon spectrum emitted by a heavy quark of mass mQ and energy E, within a cone of angular size mQ/E around the emitter3. Previously, a direct observation of the dead-cone effect in QCD had not been possible, owing to the challenge of reconstructing the cascading quarks and gluons from the experimentally accessible hadrons. We report the direct observation of the QCD dead cone by using new iterative declustering techniques4,5 to reconstruct the parton shower of charm quarks. This result confirms a fundamental feature of QCD. Furthermore, the measurement of a dead-cone angle constitutes a direct experimental observation of the non-zero mass of the charm quark, which is a fundamental constant in the standard model of particle physics. © 2022, The Author(s).
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| 33. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Exploring the NΛ–NΣ coupled system with high precision correlation techniques at the LHC
- 2022
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In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 833
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The interaction of Λ and Σ hyperons (Y) with nucleons (N) is strongly influenced by the coupled-channel dynamics. Due to the small mass difference of the NΛ and NΣ systems, the sizable coupling strength of the NΣ↔NΛ processes constitutes a crucial element in the determination of the NΛ interaction. In this letter we present the most precise measurements on the interaction of pΛ pairs, from zero relative momentum up to the opening of the NΣ channel. The correlation function in the relative momentum space for pΛ⊕p‾Λ‾ pairs measured in high-multiplicity triggered pp collisions at s=13 TeV at the LHC is reported. The opening of the inelastic NΣ channels is visible in the extracted correlation function as a cusp-like structure occurring at relative momentum k⁎=289MeV/c. This represents the first direct experimental observation of the NΣ↔NΛ coupled channel in the pΛ system. The correlation function is compared with recent chiral effective field theory calculations, based on different strengths of the NΣ↔NΛ transition potential. A weaker coupling, as possibly supported by the present measurement, would require a more repulsive three-body NNΛ interaction for a proper description of the Λ in-medium properties, which has implications on the nuclear equation of state and for the presence of hyperons inside neutron stars. © 2022 European Organization for Nuclear Research, ALICE
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| 34. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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First measurement of quarkonium polarization in nuclear collisions at the LHC
- 2021
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In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 815
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The polarization of inclusive J/ψ and ϒ(1S) produced in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV at the LHC is measured with the ALICE detector. The study is carried out by reconstructing the quarkonium through its decay to muon pairs in the rapidity region 2.5
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| 35. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Forward rapidity J/ψ production as a function of charged-particle multiplicity in pp collisions at √s = 5.02 and 13 TeV
- 2022
-
In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; 2022:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The production of J/ψ is measured as a function of charged-particle multiplicity at forward rapidity in proton-proton (pp) collisions at center-of-mass energies s = 5.02 and 13 TeV. The J/ψ mesons are reconstructed via their decay into dimuons in the rapidity interval (2.5 < y < 4.0), whereas the charged-particle multiplicity density (dNch/dη) is measured at midrapidity (|η| < 1). The production rate as a function of multiplicity is reported as the ratio of the yield in a given multiplicity interval to the multiplicity-integrated one. This observable shows a linear increase with charged-particle multiplicity normalized to the corresponding average value for inelastic events (dNch/dη/〈dNch/dη〉), at both the colliding energies. Measurements are compared with available ALICE results at midrapidity and theoretical model calculations. First measurement of the mean transverse momentum (〈pT〉) of J/ψ in pp collisions exhibits an increasing trend as a function of dNch/dη/〈dNch/dη〉 showing a saturation towards high charged-particle multiplicities. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, The Author(s).
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| 36. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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General balance functions of identified charged hadron pairs of (π,K,p) in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN= 2.76 TeV
- 2022
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In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 833
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- First measurements of balance functions (BFs) of all combinations of identified charged hadron (π,K,p) pairs in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV recorded by the ALICE detector are presented. The BF measurements are carried out as two-dimensional differential correlators versus the relative rapidity (Δy) and azimuthal angle (Δφ) of hadron pairs, and studied as a function of collision centrality. The Δφ dependence of BFs is expected to be sensitive to the light quark diffusivity in the quark–gluon plasma. While the BF azimuthal widths of all pairs substantially decrease from peripheral to central collisions, the longitudinal widths exhibit mixed behaviors: BFs of ππ and cross-species pairs narrow significantly in more central collisions, whereas those of KK and pp are found to be independent of collision centrality. This dichotomy is qualitatively consistent with the presence of strong radial flow effects and the existence of two stages of quark production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Finally, the first measurements of the collision centrality evolution of BF integrals are presented, with the observation that charge balancing fractions are nearly independent of collision centrality in Pb–Pb collisions. Overall, the results presented provide new and challenging constraints for theoretical models of hadron production and transport in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. © 2022 European Organization for Nuclear Research, ALICE
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| 37. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Inclusive, prompt and non-prompt J/ψ production at midrapidity in p-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV
- 2022
-
In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; 2022:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A measurement of inclusive, prompt, and non-prompt J/ψ production in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy sNN = 5.02 TeV is presented. The inclusive J/ψ mesons are reconstructed in the dielectron decay channel at midrapidity down to a transverse momentum pT = 0. The inclusive J/ψ nuclear modification factor RpPb is calculated by comparing the new results in p-Pb collisions to a recently measured proton-proton reference at the same centre-of-mass energy. Non-prompt J/ψ mesons, which originate from the decay of beauty hadrons, are separated from promptly produced J/ψ on a statistical basis for pT larger than 1.0 GeV/c. These results are based on the data sample collected by the ALICE detector during the 2016 LHC p-Pb run, corresponding to an integrated luminosity Lint = 292 ± 11 μb−1, which is six times larger than the previous publications. The total uncertainty on the pT-integrated inclusive J/ψ and non-prompt J/ψ cross section are reduced by a factor 1.7 and 2.2, respectively. The measured cross sections and RpPb are compared with theoretical models that include various combinations of cold nuclear matter effects. From the non-prompt J/ψ production cross section, the b b ¯ production cross section at midrapidity, d σbb ¯/dy, and the total cross section extrapolated over full phase space, σbb ¯, are derived. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, The Author(s).
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| 38. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Inclusive quarkonium production in pp collisions at √s = 5.02 TeV
- 2023
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In: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 83:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article reports on the inclusive production cross section of several quarkonium states, J / ψ, ψ(2 S) , Υ (1 S) , Υ (2 S) , and Υ (3 S) , measured with the ALICE detector at the LHC, in pp collisions at s=5.02 TeV. The analysis is performed in the dimuon decay channel at forward rapidity (2.5 < y< 4). The integrated cross sections and transverse-momentum (pT) and rapidity (y) differential cross sections for J / ψ, ψ(2 S) , Υ (1 S) , and the ψ(2 S) -to-J / ψ cross section ratios are presented. The integrated cross sections, assuming unpolarized quarkonia, are: σJ / ψ (pT< 20 GeV/c) = 5.88 ± 0.03 ± 0.34μb, σψ ( 2 S ) (pT< 12 GeV/c) = 0.87 ± 0.06 ± 0.10μb, σΥ ( 1 S ) (pT< 15 GeV/c) = 45.5 ± 3.9 ± 3.5 nb, σΥ (2 S) (pT< 15 GeV/c) = 22.4 ± 3.2 ± 2.7 nb, and σΥ (3 S) (pT< 15 GeV/c) = 4.9 ± 2.2 ± 1.0 nb, where the first (second) uncertainty is the statistical (systematic) one. For the first time, the cross sections of the three Υ states, as well as the ψ(2 S) one as a function of pTand y, are measured at s=5.02 TeV at forward rapidity. These measurements also significantly extend the J / ψpTreach and supersede previously published results. A comparison with ALICE measurements in pp collisions at s=2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV is presented and the energy dependence of quarkonium production cross sections is discussed. Finally, the results are compared with the predictions from several production models. © 2023, The Author(s).
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| 39. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Investigating charm production and fragmentation via azimuthal correlations of prompt D mesons with charged particles in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV
- 2022
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In: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 82:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Angular correlations of heavy-flavour and charged particles in high-energy proton–proton collisions are sensitive to the production mechanisms of heavy quarks and to their fragmentation as well as hadronisation processes. The measurement of the azimuthal-correlation function of prompt D mesons with charged particles in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV with the ALICE detector is reported, considering D , D +, and D ∗ + mesons in the transverse-momentum interval 3 < pT< 36 GeV/c at midrapidity (| y| < 0.5), and charged particles with pT> 0.3 GeV/c and pseudorapidity | η| < 0.8. This measurement has an improved precision and provides an extended transverse-momentum coverage compared to previous ALICE measurements at lower energies. The study is also performed as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity, showing no modifications of the correlation function with multiplicity within uncertainties. The properties and the transverse-momentum evolution of the near- and away-side correlation peaks are studied and compared with predictions from various Monte Carlo event generators. Among those considered, PYTHIA8 and POWHEG+PYTHIA8 provide the best description of the measured observables. The obtained results can provide guidance on tuning the generators. © 2022, The Author(s).
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| 40. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Investigating the role of strangeness in baryon–antibaryon annihilation at the LHC
- 2022
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In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 829
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Annihilation dynamics plays a fundamental role in the baryon–antibaryon interaction (B–B‾) at low-energy and its strength and range are crucial in the assessment of possible baryonic bound states. Experimental data on annihilation cross sections are available for the p–p‾ system but not in the low relative momentum region. Data regarding the B–B‾ interaction with strange degrees of freedom are extremely scarce, hence the modeling of the annihilation contributions is mainly based on nucleon–antinucleon (N–N‾) results, when available. In this letter we present a measurement of the p–p‾, p–Λ‾⊕p‾–Λ and Λ–Λ‾ interaction using correlation functions in the relative momentum space in high-multiplicity triggered pp collisions at s=13 TeV recorded by ALICE at the LHC. In the p–p‾ system the couplings to the mesonic channels in different partial waves are extracted by adopting a coupled-channel approach with recent χEFT potentials. The inclusion of these inelastic channels provides good agreement with the data, showing a significant presence of the annihilation term down to zero momentum. Predictions obtained using the Lednický–Lyuboshits formula and scattering parameters obtained from heavy-ion collisions, hence mainly sensitive to elastic processes, are compared with the experimental p–Λ‾⊕p‾–Λ and Λ–Λ‾ correlations. The model describes the Λ–Λ‾ data and underestimates the p–Λ‾⊕p‾–Λ data in the region of momenta below 200 MeV/c. The observed deviation indicates a different contribution of annihilation channels to the two systems containing strange hadrons. © 2022 European Organization for Nuclear Research
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| 41. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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K∗(892)0 and φ(1020) production in p-Pb collisions at sNN =8.16 TeV
- 2023
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In: Physical Review C. - 2469-9985. ; 107:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The production of K∗(892)0and φ(1020)resonances has been measured in p-Pb collisions at sNN = 8.16 TeV using the ALICE detector. Resonances are reconstructed via their hadronic decay channels in the rapidity interval -0.5 < y < 0 and the transverse momentum spectra are measured for various multiplicity classes up to pT = 20 GeV/c for K∗(892)0and pT = 16 GeV/c for φ(1020). The pT-integrated yields and mean transverse momenta are reported and compared with previous results in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions. The xT scaling for K∗(892)0and φ(1020)resonance production is newly tested in p-Pb collisions and found to hold in the high-pT region at Large Hadron Collider energies. The nuclear modification factors (RpPb) as a function of pT for K∗0 and φ at sNN = 8.16 TeV are presented along with the new RpPb measurements of K∗0, φ, Ξ, and ω at sNN = 5.02 TeV. At intermediate pT (2-8 GeV/c), RpPb of Ξ, ω show a Cronin-like enhancement, while K∗0 and φ show no or little nuclear modification. At high pT (>8 GeV/c), the RpPb values of all hadrons are consistent with unity within uncertainties. The RpPb of K∗(892)0and φ(1020)at sNN = 8.16 and 5.02 TeV show no significant energy dependence. © 2023 CERN.
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| 42. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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KS0KS0 and KS0K± femtoscopy in pp collisions at s=5.02 and 13 TeV
- 2022
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In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 833
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Femtoscopic correlations with the particle pair combinations KS0KS0 and KS0K± are studied in pp collisions at s=5.02 and 13 TeV by the ALICE experiment. At both energies, boson source parameters are extracted for both pair combinations, by fitting models based on Gaussian size distributions of the sources, to the measured two-particle correlation functions. The interaction model used for the KS0KS0 analysis includes quantum statistics and strong final-state interactions through the f0(980) and a0(980) resonances. The model used for the KS0K± analysis includes only the final-state interaction through the a0 resonance. Source parameters extracted in the present work are compared with published values from pp collisions at s=7 TeV and the different pair combinations are found to be consistent. From the observation that the strength of the KS0KS0 correlations is significantly greater than the strength of the KS0K± correlations, the new results are compatible with the a0 resonance being a tetraquark state of the form (q1,q2‾,s,s‾), where q1 and q2 are u or d quarks.
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| 43. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Longitudinal and azimuthal evolution of two-particle transverse momentum correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN= 2.76 TeV
- 2020
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In: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 804
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents the first measurements of the charge independent (CI) and charge dependent (CD) two-particle transverse momentum correlators G2CI and G2CD in Pb–Pb collisions at √SNN=2.76 TeV by the ALICE collaboration. The two-particle transverse momentum correlator G2 was introduced as a measure of the momentum current transfer between neighboring system cells. The correlators are measured as a function of pair separation in pseudorapidity (Δη) and azimuth (Δφ) and as a function of collision centrality. From peripheral to central collisions, the correlator G2CI exhibits a longitudinal broadening while undergoing a monotonic azimuthal narrowing. By contrast, G2CD exhibits a narrowing along both dimensions. These features are not reproduced by models such as HIJING and AMPT. However, the observed narrowing of the correlators from peripheral to central collisions is expected to result from the stronger transverse flow profiles produced in more central collisions and the longitudinal broadening is predicted to be sensitive to momentum currents and the shear viscosity per unit of entropy density η/s of the matter produced in the collisions. The observed broadening is found to be consistent with the hypothesized lower bound of η/s and is in qualitative agreement with values obtained from anisotropic flow measurements.
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| 44. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of anti-3He nuclei absorption in matter and impact on their propagation in the Galaxy
- 2023
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In: Nature Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-2473 .- 1745-2481. ; 19:1, s. 61-71
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In our Galaxy, light antinuclei composed of antiprotons and antineutrons can be produced through high-energy cosmic-ray collisions with the interstellar medium or could also originate from the annihilation of dark-matter particles that have not yet been discovered. On Earth, the only way to produce and study antinuclei with high precision is to create them at high-energy particle accelerators. Although the properties of elementary antiparticles have been studied in detail, the knowledge of the interaction of light antinuclei with matter is limited. We determine the disappearance probability of 3He ¯ when it encounters matter particles and annihilates or disintegrates within the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. We extract the inelastic interaction cross section, which is then used as an input to the calculations of the transparency of our Galaxy to the propagation of 3He ¯ stemming from dark-matter annihilation and cosmic-ray interactions within the interstellar medium. For a specific dark-matter profile, we estimate a transparency of about 50%, whereas it varies with increasing 3He ¯ momentum from 25% to 90% for cosmic-ray sources. The results indicate that 3He ¯ nuclei can travel long distances in the Galaxy, and can be used to study cosmic-ray interactions and dark-matter annihilation.
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| 45. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Measurement of beauty production via non-prompt D0 mesons in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV
- 2022
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In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; 2022:12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The production of non-prompt D0 mesons from beauty-hadron decays was measured at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) in Pb-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of sNN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. Their nuclear modification factor (RAA), measured for the first time down to pT = 1 GeV/c in the 0–10% and 30–50% centrality classes, indicates a significant suppression, up to a factor of about three, for pT> 5 GeV/c in the 0–10% central Pb-Pb collisions. The data are described by models that include both collisional and radiative processes in the calculation of beauty-quark energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma, and quark recombination in addition to fragmentation as a hadronisation mechanism. The ratio of the non-prompt to prompt D0-meson RAA is larger than unity for pT> 4 GeV/c in the 0–10% central Pb-Pb collisions, as predicted by models in which beauty quarks lose less energy than charm quarks in the quark-gluon plasma because of their larger mass. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, The Author(s).
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| 46. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
-
Measurement of inclusive charged-particle b-jet production in pp and p-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV
- 2022
-
In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; 2022:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A measurement of the inclusive b-jet production cross section is presented in pp and p-Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV, using data collected with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The jets were reconstructed in the central rapidity region |η| < 0.5 from charged particles using the anti-kT algorithm with resolution parameter R = 0.4. Identification of b jets exploits the long lifetime of b hadrons, using the properties of secondary vertices and impact parameter distributions. The pT-differential inclusive production cross section of b jets, as well as the corresponding inclusive b-jet fraction, are reported for pp and p-Pb collisions in the jet transverse momentum range 10 ≤ pT,ch jet≤ 100 GeV/c, together with the nuclear modification factor, RpPbb−jet. The analysis thus extends the lower pT limit of b-jet measurements at the LHC. The nuclear modification factor is found to be consistent with unity, indicating that the production of b jets in p-Pb at sNN = 5.02 TeV is not affected by cold nuclear matter effects within the current precision. The measurements are well reproduced by POWHEG NLO pQCD calculations with PYTHIA fragmentation. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2022, The Author(s).
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| 47. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
-
Measurement of K⁎(892)± production in inelastic pp collisions at the LHC
- 2022
-
In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 828
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The first results on K⁎(892)± resonance production in inelastic pp collisions at LHC energies of s=5.02, 8, and 13 TeV are presented. The K⁎(892)± has been reconstructed via its hadronic decay channel K⁎(892)→±KS0+π± with the ALICE detector. Measurements of transverse momentum distributions, pT-integrated yields, and mean transverse momenta for charged K⁎(892) are found to be consistent with previous ALICE measurements for neutral K⁎(892) within uncertainties. For pT>1 GeV/c the K⁎(892)± transverse momentum spectra become harder with increasing centre-of-mass energy from 5.02 to 13 TeV, similar to what previously observed for charged kaons and pions. For pT<1 GeV/c the K⁎(892)± yield does not evolve significantly and the abundance of K⁎(892)± relative to K is rather independent of the collision energy. The transverse momentum spectra, measured for K⁎(892)± at midrapidity in the interval 0 < pT<15 GeV/c, are not well described by predictions of different versions of PYTHIA 6, PYTHIA 8 and EPOS-LHC event generators. These generators reproduce the measured pT-integrated K⁎±/K ratios and describe well the momentum dependence for pT<2 GeV/c. © 2022 European Organization for Nuclear Research
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| 48. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
-
Measurement of prompt Ds+-meson production and azimuthal anisotropy in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV
- 2022
-
In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 827
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The production yield and angular anisotropy of prompt Ds+ mesons were measured as a function of transverse momentum (pT) in Pb–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sNN=5.02TeV collected with the ALICE detector at the LHC. Ds+ mesons and their charge conjugates were reconstructed at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) from their hadronic decay channel Ds+→ϕπ+, with ϕ→K−K+, in the pT intervals 210GeV/c, the measured Ds+-meson nuclear modification factor RAA is consistent with the one of non-strange D mesons within uncertainties, while at lower pT a hint for a Ds+-meson RAA larger than that of non-strange D mesons is seen. The enhanced production of Ds+ relative to non-strange D mesons is also studied by comparing the pT-dependent Ds+/D0 production yield ratios in Pb–Pb and in pp collisions. The ratio measured in Pb–Pb collisions is found to be on average higher than that in pp collisions in the interval 2
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Acharya, S., et al.
(author)
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Multiplicity dependence of charged-particle jet production in pp collisions at √s=13TeV
- 2022
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In: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 82:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The multiplicity dependence of jet production in pp collisions at the centre-of-mass energy of s=13TeV is studied for the first time. Jets are reconstructed from charged particles using the anti-kT algorithm with resolution parameters R varying from 0.2 to 0.7. The jets are measured in the pseudorapidity range | ηjet| < 0.9 - R and in the transverse momentum range 5
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