| 1. |
- Ahmed, Naveen, et al.
(author)
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Deficient cytokine control modulates temporomandibular joint pain in rheumatoid arthritis
- 2015
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In: European Journal of Oral Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 123:4, s. 235-241
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim was to investigate how endogenous cytokine control of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) influences temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain in relation to the role of anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Twenty-six consecutive patients with TMJ RA were included. Temporomandibular joint pain intensity was assessed at rest, on maximum mouth opening, on chewing, and on palpation. Mandibular movement capacity and degree of anterior open bite (a clinical sign of structural destruction of TMJ tissues) were also assessed. Systemic inflammatory activity was assessed using the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) for rheumatoid arthritis. Samples of TMJ synovial fluid and blood were obtained and analyzed for TNF, its soluble receptor, soluble TNF receptor II (TNFsRII), and ACPA. A high concentration of TNF in relation to the concentration of TNFsRII in TMJ synovial fluid was associated with TMJ pain on posterior palpation on maximum mouth opening. The ACPA concentration correlated significantly to the TNF concentration, but not to the TNFsRII concentration, indicating that increased inflammatory activity is mainly caused by an insufficient increase in anti-inflammatory mediators. This study indicates that TMJ pain on palpation in patients with RA is related to a deficiency in local cytokine control that contributes to increased inflammatory activity, including sensitization to mechanical stimuli over the TMJ.
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| 2. |
- Ahmed, Mohammad Faisal, et al.
(author)
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Joint Transmit and Reflective Beamformer Design for Secure Estimation in IRS-Aided WSNs
- 2022
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In: IEEE Signal Processing Letters. - Piscataway, NJ, United States : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1070-9908 .- 1558-2361. ; 29, s. 692-696
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are vulnerable to eavesdropping as the sensor nodes (SNs) communicate over an open radio channel. Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) technology can be leveraged for physical layer security in WSNs. In this paper, we propose a joint transmit and reflective beamformer (JTRB) design for secure parameter estimation at the fusion center (FC) in the presence of an eavesdropper (ED) in a WSN. We develop a semidefinite relaxation (SDR)-based iterative algorithm, which alternately yields the transmit beamformer at each SN and the corresponding reflection phases at the IRS, to achieve the minimum mean-squared error (MSE) parameter estimate at the FC, subject to transmit power and ED signal-to-noise ratio constraints. Our simulation results demonstrate robust MSE and security performance of the proposed IRS-based JTRB technique.
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| 3. |
- Ahmed, Mohammad Faisal, et al.
(author)
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Privacy-Preserving Distributed Beamformer Design Techniques for Correlated Parameter Estimation
- 2023
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In: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 23:21, s. 26728-26739
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Privacy-preserving distributed beamforming designs are conceived for temporally correlated vector parameter estimation in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless sensor network (WSN). The temporal correlation inherent in the parameter vector is exploited by the rate distortion theory-based bit allocation framework used for the optimal quantization of the sensor measurements. The proposed distributed beamforming designs are derived via fusion of the dual consensus alternating direction method of multiplier (DC-ADMM) technique with a pertinent privacy-preserving framework. This makes it possible for each sensor node (SN) to design its transmit precoders in a distributed fashion, which minimizes the susceptibility of vital information to malicious eavesdropper (Ev) nodes, while simultaneously avoiding the significant communication overhead required by a centralized approach for the transmission of the state information to the fusion center (FC). The Bayesian Cramer-Rao bound (BCRB) is derived for benchmarking the estimation performance of the proposed transmit beamformer and receiver combiner designs, while our simulation results illustrate the performance and explicitly demonstrate the trade-off between the privacy and estimation performance.
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| 4. |
- Ahmed, Naveen, et al.
(author)
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Tumor necrosis factor mediates temporomandibular joint bone tissue resorption in rheumatoid arthritis
- 2015
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In: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 73:3, s. 232-240
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate if TNF, IL-1 or their endogenous controls, in relation to ACPA, are associated with radiological signs of ongoing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bone tissue resorption and disc displacement in RA patients. METHODS: Twenty-two consecutive outpatients with TMJ of RA were included. Systemic inflammatory activity was assessed by DAS28. The number of painful regions in the body and ESR, CRP, RF and ACPA were analyzed. TMJ synovial fluid and blood samples were obtained and analyzed for TNF, TNFsRII, IL-1ra, IL-1sRII and ACPA. The ratios between the mediators and their endogenous control receptors were used in the statistical analysis. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in closed- and open-mouth positions and evaluated regarding disc position and presence of condylar and temporal erosions of the TMJ. RESULTS: A high TNF level in relation to TNFsRII in TMJ synovial fluid correlated to the degree of TMJ condylar erosion. A high IL-1ra level in relation to TNF in TMJ synovial fluid was also correlated to the degree of TMJ condylar erosion. The total degree of TMJ condylar erosion was correlated with the number of painful regions. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that TNF in TMJ synovial fluid mediates TMJ cartilage and bone tissue resorption in RA. The study also suggests that the degree of endogenous cytokine control is of importance for development of bone tissue destruction.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(author)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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In: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 7. |
- Rajput, Kunwar Pritiraj, et al.
(author)
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Robust Decentralized and Distributed Estimation of a Correlated Parameter Vector in MIMO-OFDM Wireless Sensor Networks
- 2021
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In: IEEE Transactions on Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0090-6778 .- 1558-0857. ; 69:10, s. 6894-6908
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An optimal precoder design is conceived for the decentralized estimation of an unknown spatially as well as temporally correlated parameter vector in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based wireless sensor network (WSN). Furthermore, exploiting the temporal correlation present in the parameter vector, a rate-distortion theory based framework is developed for the optimal quantization of the sensor observations so that the resultant distortion is minimized for a given bit-budget. Subsequently, optimal precoders are also developed that minimize the sum-MSE (SMSE) for the scenario of transmitting quantized observations. In order to reduce the computational complexity of the decentralized framework, distributed precoder design algorithms are also developed which design precoders using the consensus based alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), wherein each SN determines its precoders without any central coordination by the fusion center. Finally, new robust MIMO precoder designs are proposed for practical scenarios operating in the face of channel state information (CSI) uncertainty. Our simulation results demonstrate the improved performance of the proposed schemes and corroborate our analytical formulations.
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| 8. |
- Rajput, Kunwar Pritiraj, et al.
(author)
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Robust Finite-Resolution Transceivers for Decentralized Estimation in Energy-Harvesting-Aided IoT Networks
- 2023
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In: IEEE Sensors Journal. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 1530-437X .- 1558-1748. ; 23:22, s. 28191-28204
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article develops novel approaches for designing robust transceivers and energy covariance in an IoT network (IoTNe) powered by energy harvesting (EH). Our goal is to minimize the mean square error (mse) at the fusion center (FC) while considering the uncertainty of channel state information (CSI). The proposed designs incorporate both Gaussian and bounded CSI uncertainty models to model the uncertainty in CSI. Furthermore, two different optimal bit allocation schemes have been proposed for quantizing the measurements from each sensor node (SeN). However, solving the resulting mse optimization problems with constraints on individual SeN power and total bit rate proves to be challenging due to their nonconvex nature under both CSI uncertainty models. To address this challenge, we develop a block coordinate descent (BCD)-based iterative framework. This framework leverages the block convexity of the optimization objective and provides efficient solutions for both uncertainty paradigms considered. By making use of this analytical tractability, we obtain improved performance compared with the uncertainty-agnostic scheme that disregards CSI uncertainty. We validate our approach through numerical simulations, which not only support our analytical findings but also demonstrate the superior performance achieved with our method that accounts for CSI uncertainty.
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