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| 2. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(author)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(author)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Alqahtani, F. Y., et al.
(author)
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Prevalence of comorbidities in cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus : a retrospective study
- 2019
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In: Epidemiology and Infection. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0950-2688 .- 1469-4409. ; 147
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a life-threatening respiratory disease with a high case fatality rate; however, its risk factors remain unclear. We aimed to explore the influence of demographic factors, clinical manifestations and underlying comorbidities on mortality in MERS-CoV patients. Retrospective chart reviews were performed to identify all laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-COV infection in Saudi Arabia that were reported to the Ministry of Health of Saudi Arabia between 23 April 2014 and 7 June 2016. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the effect of sex, age, clinical presentation and comorbidities on mortality from MERS-CoV. A total of 281 confirmed MERS-CoV cases were identified: 167 (59.4%) patients were male and 55 (20%) died. Mortality predominantly occurred among Saudi nationals and older patients and was significantly associated with respiratory failure and shortness of breath. Of the 281 confirmed cases, 160 (56.9%) involved comorbidities, wherein diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease and chronic kidney disease were significantly associated with mortality from MERS-CoV and two or three comorbidities significantly affected the fatality rates from MERS-CoV. The findings of this study show that old age and the existence of underlying comorbidities significantly increase mortality from MERS-CoV.
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| 6. |
- Elgendy, Marwa O., et al.
(author)
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SARS-CoV-2 Post Vaccinated Adverse Effects and Efficacy in the Egyptian Population
- 2022
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In: Vaccines. - : MDPI. - 2076-393X. ; 10:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vaccines are the solution to overcome SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to determine the post-Sinopharm vaccine safety-profile and immunity through antibody titers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from Egyptian participants who received two doses of Sinopharm vaccine. Data were divided into three parts, the first and second parts were to detect participants' post-first and second dose symptoms and practices, and the third for the results of IgG anti spike protein antibodies test and laboratory tests. Pain, redness, swelling at the injection site, headache, fatigue, and lethargy were the most common post-vaccine symptoms for both first and second doses. Most of the participants felt mild or no symptoms after vaccination. The symptoms started mostly during the first day post-vaccination and lasted for no more than two days. Forty-nine percent of the participants resulted in positive antibodies tests on day 18 post-vaccination. The average antibody level for vaccinated participants with past SARS-CoV-2 infection was much higher than that for non-past infected participants. These vaccines' administration methods need to be reevaluated by changing the dose, dose interval, adding a third dose, or mixing it with other vaccines with different techniques to improve their protection rates. Further studies are required to validate this finding.
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| 7. |
- Akeroyd, A. G., et al.
(author)
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The decay A(0) -> h(0)Z(*) in the inverted hierarchy scenario and its detection prospects at the large hadron collider
- 2023
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In: Journal of Physics G. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 50:9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Searches are being carried out at the large hadron collider (LHC) for the decay of the CP-odd scalar (A(0)) in two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDMs) with natural flavour conservation (NFC) in the channel A(0) -> h(0)Z (with m(h)(0) = 125 GeV and Z on-shell). In the absence of any signal, limits on the parameter space of [tan beta, cos(beta - alpha), mA0] in each 2HDM are derived for m(A)(0) > 225 GeV. In this work, we consider the scenario of inverted hierarchy with m(h)(0) < 125 GeV and m(H)(0) = 125 GeV in which the decay A(0) -> h(0)Z(*) (i.e. including the case of an off-shell Z) can have a large branching ratio in the 2HDM (Type I) for m(A)(0) < 225 GeV. We calculate the signal cross section sigma(gg -> A(0)) ' BR(A(0) -> h(0)Z (*)) ' BR(h(0) -> b<(b)over bar>) in the 2HDM (Type I) with NFC and compare its magnitude with the cross section for the case of normal hierarchy (m(h)(0) = 125 GeV) that is currently being searched for at the LHC. For the experimentally unexplored region m(A)(0) < 225 GeV it is shown that the above cross section for signal events in the scenario of inverted hierarchy can be of the order of a few picobarns. Such sizeable cross sections are several orders of magnitude larger than the cross sections for the case of normal hierarchy, thus motivating an extension of the ongoing searches for A(0) -> h(0)Z(*) to probe the scenario of inverted hierarchy.
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| 8. |
- Khan, Yusra Habib, et al.
(author)
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Barriers and facilitators of childhood COVID-19 vaccination among parents : A systematic review
- 2022
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In: Frontiers in Pediatrics. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2360. ; 10
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundThe acceptance of vaccination against COVID-19 among parents of young children plays a significant role in controlling the current pandemic. A wide range of factors that influence vaccine hesitancy in adults has been reported worldwide, but less attention has been given to COVID-19 vaccination among children. Vaccine hesitancy is considered a major challenge in achieving herd immunity, and it is more challenging among parents as they remain deeply concerned about their child's health. In this context, a systematic review of the current literature is inevitable to assess vaccine hesitancy among parents of young children to ensure a successful ongoing vaccination program.MethodA systematic search of peer-reviewed English literature indexed in Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, and Web of science was performed using developed keywords between 1 January 2020 and August 2022. This systematic review included only those studies that focused on parental concerns about COVID-19 vaccines in children up to 12 years without a diagnosis of COVID-19. Following PRISMA guidelines, a total of 108 studies were included. The quality appraisal of the study was performed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).ResultsThe results of 108 studies depict that vaccine hesitancy rates differed globally with a considerably large number of factors associated with it. The highest vaccine hesitancy rates among parents were reported in a study from the USA (86.1%) and two studies from Saudi Arabia (> 85%) and Turkey (89.6%). Conversely, the lowest vaccine hesitancy rates ranging from 0.69 and 2% were found in two studies from South Africa and Switzerland, respectively. The largest study (n = 227,740) was conducted in Switzerland while the smallest sample size (n = 12) was represented by a study conducted in the USA. The most commonly reported barriers to childhood vaccination were mothers' lower education level (N = 46/108, 43%), followed by financial instability (N = 19/108, 18%), low confidence in new vaccines (N = 13/108, 12%), and unmonitored social media platforms (N = 5/108, 4.6%). These factors were significantly associated with vaccine refusal among parents. However, the potential facilitators for vaccine uptake among respondents who intended to have their children vaccinated include higher education level (N = 12/108, 11%), followed by information obtained through healthcare professionals (N = 9/108, 8.3%) and strong confidence in preventive measures taken by the government (N = 5/81, 4.6%).ConclusionThis review underscores that parents around the globe are hesitant to vaccinate their kids against COVID-19. The spectrum of factors associated with vaccine hesitancy and uptake varies across the globe. There is a dire need to address vaccine hesitancy concerns regarding the efficacy and safety of approved vaccines. Local context is inevitable to take into account while developing programs to reduce vaccine hesitancy. There is a dire need to devise strategies to address vaccine hesitancy among parents through the identification of attributing factors.
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