| 1. |
- Alasuutari, Pertti, et al.
(author)
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Editorial
- 2023
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In: Journal of Political Power. - 2158-379X .- 2158-3803. ; 16, s. 277-279
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
- Alasuutari, Pertti, et al.
(author)
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The Rise of the Idea of Model in Policymaking : The case of the British parliament, 1803-2005
- 2018
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In: European Journal of Sociology / Archives Européennes de Sociologie. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 0003-9756 .- 1474-0583. ; 59:3, s. 341-363
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper addresses the question whether national decision-making has become increasingly interdependent in recent decades, and what role “world models” play in any such trend. These questions are scrutinised by utilising the “Historic Hansard” corpus, which contains all records of the UK Parliament from 1803 to 2005, complemented by other corpora. The results show that references to other countries were most frequent in parliamentary debates very early in the 19th century. However, allusions to other countries have evolved from referencing case examples to referencing policies that are constructed and branded as models. The idea of transferable models caught on particularly strongly from the 1950s onward. The other corpora used for the study confirmed that these changes reflect a global trend. Hence, the post-war era has witnessed a worldwide spread of the idea of model as a precondition for a global proliferation of named models.
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| 3. |
- Alatalo, J. M., et al.
(author)
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Impact of ambient temperature, precipitation and seven years of experimental warming and nutrient addition on fruit production in an alpine heath and meadow community
- 2022
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In: Science of the Total Environment. - Amsterdam : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 836
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Alpine and polar regions are predicted to be among the most vulnerable to changes in temperature, precipitation, and nutrient availability. We carried out a seven-year factorial experiment with warming and nutrient addition in two alpine vegetation communities. We analyzed the relationship between fruit production and monthly mean, maximum, and min temperatures during the fall of the pre-fruiting year, the fruiting summer, and the whole fruit production period, and measured the effects of precipitation and growing and thawing degree days (GDD & TDD) on fruit production. Nutrient addition (heath: 27.88 +/- 3.19 fold change at the end of the experiment; meadow: 18.02 +/- 4.07) and combined nutrient addition and warming (heath: 20.63 +/- 29.34 fold change at the end of the experiment; meadow: 18.21 +/- 16.28) increased total fruit production and fruit production of graminoids. Fruit production of evergreen and deciduous shrubs fluctuated among the treatments and years in both the heath and meadow. Pre-maximum temperatures had a negative effect on fruit production in both communities, while current year maximum temperatures had a positive impact on fruit production in the meadow. Pre-minimum, pre-mean, current mean, total minimum, and total mean temperatures were all positively correlated with fruit production in the meadow. The current year and total precipitation had a negative effect on the fruit production of deciduous shrubs in the heath. GDD had a positive effect on fruit production in both communities, while TDD only impacted fruit production in the meadow. Increased nutrient availability increased fruit production over time in the high alpine plant communities, while experimental warming had either no effect or a negative effect. Deciduous shrubs were the most sensitive to climate parameters in both communities, and the meadow was more sensitive than the heath. The difference in importance of TDD for fruit production may be due to differences in snow cover in the two communities.
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| 4. |
- Alatalo, J. M., et al.
(author)
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Responses of lichen communities to 18 years of natural and experimental warming
- 2017
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In: Annals of Botany. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-7364 .- 1095-8290. ; 120:1, s. 159-170
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Aims Climate change is expected to have major impacts on high alpine and arctic ecosystems in the future, but empirical data on the impact of long-term warming on lichen diversity and richness are sparse. This study report the effects of 18 years of ambient and experimental warming on lichens and vascular plant cover in two alpine plant communities, a dry heath with sparse canopy cover (54 %) and a mesic meadow with a more developed (67 %) canopy cover, in sub-arctic Sweden. Methods The effects of long-term passive experimental warming using open top chambers (OTCs) on lichens and total vascular plant cover, and the impact of plant cover on lichen community parameters, were analysed. Key Results Between 1993 and 2013, mean annual temperature increased about 2 degrees C. Both site and experimental warming had a significant effect on cover, species richness, effective number of species evenness of lichens, and total plant canopy cover. Lichen cover increased in the heath under ambient conditions, and remained more stable under experimental warming. The negative effect on species richness and effective number of species was driven by a decrease in lichens under experimental warming in the meadow. Lichen cover, species richness, effective number of species evenness were negatively correlated with plant canopy cover. There was a significant negative impact on one species and a non-significant tendency of lower abundance of the most common species in response to experimental warming. Conclusions The results from the long-term warming study imply that arctic and high alpine lichen communities are likely to be negatively affected by climate change and an increase in plant canopy cover. Both biotic and abiotic factors are thus important for future impacts of climate change on lichens.
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| 5. |
- Alatalo, Juha M., et al.
(author)
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Simulated global change : contrasting short and medium term growth and reproductive responses of a common alpine/Arctic cushion plant to experimental warming and nutrient enhancement
- 2014
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In: SpringerPlus. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2193-1801. ; 3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cushion plants are important components of alpine and Arctic plant communities around the world. They fulfill important roles as facilitators, nurse plants and foundation species across trophic levels for vascular plants, arthropods and soil microorganisms, the importance of these functions increasing with the relative severity of the environment. Here we report results from one of the few experimental studies simulating global change impacts on cushion plants; a factorial experiment with warming and nutrient enhancement that was applied to an alpine population of the common nurse plant, Silene acaulis, in sub-arctic Sweden. Experimental perturbations had significant short-term impacts on both stem elongation and leaf length. S. acaulis responded quickly by increasing stem elongation and (to a lesser extent) leaf length in the warming, nutrient, and the combined warming and nutrient enhancements. Cover and biomass also initially increased in response to the perturbations. However, after the initial positive short-term responses, S. acaulis cover declined in the manipulations, with the nutrient and combined warming and nutrient treatments having largest negative impact. No clear patterns were found for fruit production. Our results show that S. acaulis living in harsh environments has potential to react quickly when experiencing years with favorable conditions, and is more responsive to nutrient enhancement than to warming in terms of vegetative growth. While these conditions have an initial positive impact, populations experiencing longer-term increased nutrient levels will likely be negatively affected.
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| 6. |
- Arfken, Cynthia L, et al.
(author)
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Alcohol use among Arab Americans : what is the prevalence?
- 2011
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In: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 13:4, s. 713-718
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Information is limited on alcohol use among Arab Americans. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the alcohol use pattern among Arab Americans by reviewing existing surveys using an acculturation model. Secondary data analysis. Nationally, English-speaking immigrant Arab Americans reported lower rates of lifetime alcohol use (50.8%), past month use (26.4%) and binge drinking (10%) than the White majority group. In a state survey, self-identified English-speaking Arab Americans were less likely to report past month use (45.6%) than the White majority group but reported similar rate of binge drinking (17.0%). Locally, lifetime drinking was reported by 46.2% of the immigrants but only 13.4% of refugees fleeing war. Few databases are available to estimate alcohol use pattern among Arab Americans; the limited data suggest a drinking pattern consistent with acculturation. However, the potential influence of other factors is unknown and needs to be investigated.
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| 7. |
- Cornelis, Geert, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Fate and Bioavailability of Engineered Nanoparticles in Soils: A Review
- 2014
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In: Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1064-3389 .- 1547-6537. ; 44:24, s. 2720-2764
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Interactions within natural soils have often been neglected when assessing fate and bioavailability of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) in soils. This review combines patchwise ENM research using natural soils with the much wider literature on ENM performed in standard tests or on the fate of colloids in soils, and an analysis of the diverse ENM characteristics determining availability from the soil organisms' perspective to assess the main soil characteristics that determine the fate, speciation, and ultimately bioavailability of ENM in natural soils. Predominantly salinity, texture, pH, concentration, and nature of mobile organic compounds and degree of saturation determine ENM bioavailability.
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| 8. |
- Cornelis, Marilyn C, et al.
(author)
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Targeted proteomic analysis of habitual coffee consumption
- 2018
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In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 283:2, s. 200-211
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Coffee drinking has been implicated in mortality and a variety of diseases but potential mechanisms underlying these associations are unclear. Large-scale systems epidemiological approaches may offer novel insights to mechanisms underlying associations of coffee with health.OBJECTIVE: We performed an analysis of known and novel protein markers linked to cardiovascular disease and their association with habitual coffee intake in the Prospective Study of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS, n=816) and followed-up top proteins in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM, n=635) and EpiHealth (n=2418).METHODS: In PIVUS and ULSAM, coffee intake was measured by 7-day dietary records while a computer-based food frequency questionnaire was used in EpiHealth. Levels of up to 80 proteins were assessed in plasma by a proximity extension assay.RESULTS: Four protein-coffee associations adjusted for age, sex, smoking and BMI, met statistical significance in PIVUS (FDR<5%, P<2.31×10(-3) ): leptin (LEP), chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L), Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 6 and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. The inverse association between coffee intake and LEP replicated in ULSAM (β, -0.042 SD per cup of coffee, P=0.028) and EpiHealth (β, -0.025 SD per time of coffee, P=0.004). The negative coffee-CHI3L association replicated in EpiHealth (β, -0.07, P=1.15×10(-7) ), but not in ULSAM (β, -0.034, P=0.16).CONCLUSIONS: The current study supports an inverse association between coffee intake and plasma LEP and CHI3L1 levels. The coffee-CHI3L1 association is novel and warrants further investigation given links between CHI3L1 and health conditions that are also potentially influenced by coffee.
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| 9. |
- Jäger, Gerold, et al.
(author)
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Playing several variants of mastermind with constant-size memory is not harder than with unbounded memory
- 2015
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In: Combinatorial Algorithms. - Cham : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783319193144 - 9783319193151 ; , s. 188-199
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigate a version of the Mastermind game, where the codebreaker may only store a constant number of questions and answers, called Constant-Size Memory Mastermind, which was recently introduced by Doerr and Winzen. We concentrate on the most difficult case, where the codebreaker may store only one question and one answer, called Size-One Memory Mastermind. We consider two variants of the game: the original one, where the answer is coded with white and black pegs, and the simplified one, where only black pegs are used in the answer. We show that for two pegs and an arbitrary number of colors, the number of questions needed by the codebreaker in an optimal strategy in the worst case for these games is equal to the corresponding number of questions in the games without a memory restriction. In other words, for these cases restricting the memory size does not make the game harder for the codebreaker. This is a continuation of a result of Doerr and Winzen, who showed that this holds asymptotically for a fixed number of colors and an arbitrary number of pegs. Furthermore, by computer search we determine additional pairs (p, c), where again the numbers of questions in an optimal strategy in the worst case for Size-One Memory Mastermind and original Mastermind are equal.
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| 10. |
- Jäger, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Logistics actors - Key issues for a service developer
- 2008
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In: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing FAIM 2008. - Skövde, Sweden : University of Skövde. - 9789163327575 ; , s. 1329-1336
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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| 11. |
- Jäger, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Operating as a third-party logistics integrator without any distribution operations ownership
- 2007
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In: International Journal of Services and Standards. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1740-8849 .- 1740-8857. ; 3:2, s. 154-168
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Third-Party Logistics (3PL) providers have usually developed themselves through transportation ownership (mainly road or sea), and/or warehousing/freight forwarding capability. However, among these actual operations, there exists a number of other routes, e.g. by offering administrative/indirect work of sales, purchasing, business control and inventory management. With increased service level expectations among OEMs, there is a clear need for these kinds of well-defined and performed non-tangible logistical services. In this paper three case studies are presented, which show that a 3PL integrator could arise from this new service context, and could operate all logistical issues, even without any distribution operations ownership.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Tolochko, O., et al.
(author)
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Thermodynamic properties of supercooled Fe-B liquids - A theoretical and experimental study
- 2000
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In: Journal of phase equilibria (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1054-9714 .- 1544-1032 .- 1863-7345. ; 21:1, s. 19-24
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The two-level model, recommended at the Ringberg 95 workshop, is applied to extrapolate the thermodynamic properties of liquid Fe-B alloys to large undercooling and to analyze the crystallization of glassy Fe85B15 alloys obtained by melt spinning. The new method yields practically the same phase diagram as the SGTE database but a superior result when evaluating the heat capacity, entropy, and crystallization heat at large undercooling. These properties are compared in the low-temperature range (700 to 800 K) with the experimental data obtained for an Fe85B15 metallic glass by scanning calorimetry. A good agreement between experiments and calculations is obtained when the observed magnetic transition at 530 K is taken into account.
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| 15. |
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