| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Hagelsteen, Kristine, et al.
(author)
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Faster acquisition of laparoscopic skills in virtual reality with haptic feedback and 3D vision
- 2017
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In: Minimally Invasive Therapy and Allied Technologies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1364-5706 .- 1365-2931. ; 26:5, s. 269-277
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The study investigated whether 3D vision and haptic feedback in combination in a virtual reality environment leads to more efficient learning of laparoscopic skills in novices.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty novices were allocated to two groups. All completed a training course in the LapSim(®) virtual reality trainer consisting of four tasks: 'instrument navigation', 'grasping', 'fine dissection' and 'suturing'. The study group performed with haptic feedback and 3D vision and the control group without. Before and after the LapSim(®) course, the participants' metrics were recorded when tying a laparoscopic knot in the 2D video box trainer Simball(®) Box.RESULTS: The study group completed the training course in 146 (100-291) minutes compared to 215 (175-489) minutes in the control group (p = .002). The number of attempts to reach proficiency was significantly lower. The study group had significantly faster learning of skills in three out of four individual tasks; instrument navigation, grasping and suturing. Using the Simball(®) Box, no difference in laparoscopic knot tying after the LapSim(®) course was noted when comparing the groups.CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic training in virtual reality with 3D vision and haptic feedback made training more time efficient and did not negatively affect later video box-performance in 2D. [Formula: see text].
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| 3. |
- Huckriede, Joram, et al.
(author)
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Evolution of NETosis markers and DAMPs have prognostic value in critically ill COVID-19 patients
- 2021
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) presents with disease severities of varying degree. In its most severe form, infection may lead to respiratory failure and multi-organ dysfunction. Here we study the levels and evolution of the damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) cell free DNA (cfDNA), extracellular histone H3 (H3) and neutrophil elastase (NE), and the immune modulators GAS6 and AXL in relation to clinical parameters, ICU scoring systems and mortality in patients (n = 100) with severe COVID-19. cfDNA, H3, NE, GAS6 and AXL were increased in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. These measures associated with occurrence of clinical events and intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW). cfDNA and GAS6 decreased in time in patients surviving to 30 days post ICU admission. A decrease of 27.2 ng/mL cfDNA during ICU stay associated with patient survival, whereas levels of GAS6 decreasing more than 4.0 ng/mL associated with survival. The presence of H3 in plasma was a common feature of COVID-19 patients, detected in 38% of the patients at ICU admission. NETosis markers cfDNA, H3 and NE correlated well with parameters of tissue damage and neutrophil counts. Furthermore, cfDNA correlated with lowest p/f ratio and a lowering in cfDNA was observed in patients with ventilator-free days.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Åhs, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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A method for study sorption phenomena
- 2005
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In: Indoor Air 2005: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Vols 1-5. - 7894948306 ; , s. 1969-1973
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 7. |
- Agnér, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Bredäng : Miljonprogrammets föregångare
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna publikation är ett resultat av läsåret 2017-2018 i kursen Restaureringskonst vid Kungl. Konsthögskolan, arkitekturavdelningen. Årets tema var bostadsarkitektur. Förvalta, förädla, förvanska? Under läsåret undersöktes bostadsarkitekturen som kulturarv, hur bostadshus och bostadsområden förvaltas, förädlas alternativt förvanskas genom restaureringsåtgärder, förtätningar och omvandlingar. II läsårets projektstudie ingick fem bostadsområden i södra Stockholm, utvalda för att representera varsin epok i 1900-talets bostadsutveckling. En projektgrupp för varje bostadsområde gjorde studier i olika skalor, från den utvalda lägenhetens detaljer, trapphuset och bostadshuset, gården och gatan till stadsdelsnivån.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Anderberg, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Degradation of floor adhesives as a function of pH
- 2008
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In: Polymer Degradation and Stability. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2321 .- 0141-3910. ; 93:2, s. 329-334
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Floor adhesives on cement-based substrates may degrade if the pH is high enough and this has in many cases led to emissions of odorous substances and deteriorated indoor air quality. We have used isothermal calorimetry to assess the degradation rate of two floor adhesives as a function of pH. The rate of heat production measured by the calorimeter is proportional to the reaction rate. The degradation rate was similar for a ''standard'' and a ''low emitting'' adhesive, but the low emitting adhesive did not release volatile reaction products. The results show that adhesive degradation is strongly pH dependent. A model of alkaline hydrolysis based on two reaction sites is discussed.
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| 10. |
- Anderberg, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Drying and hydration of cement based self-leveling flooring compounds
- 2007
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In: Drying Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1532-2300 .- 0737-3937. ; vol 25:no 12, s. 1995-2003
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Water in building materials not only influences important physical properties and chemical processes but is also related to the well-being of the occupants of a building. The drying of cementitious materials is complex, involving several different drying processes. The conditions for each drying process change as the material changes its properties as it goes from a particle suspension in the fresh state to a fine porous material in the hardened state. The present article describes and quantifies the drying processes of cement-based self-leveling flooring compounds (SLCs) and relates them to the extent of reaction, which here is quantified by isothermal calorimetry. The relative importance of the different drying processes is discussed and a model for the drying of the SLCs is proposed.
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| 11. |
- Anderberg, Anders
(author)
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Fukt i avjämningsmassor
- 2004
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In: Bygg & teknik. - 0281-658X. ; , s. 18-20
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 12. |
- Anderberg, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Hydroxide ion concentration at an interface between concrete and a self-levelling flooring compound
- 2007
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In: Nordic Concrete Research. - 0800-6377. ; 36, s. 37-47
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This article presents results from measurements of hydroxide ion transport between a concrete and a floor screed of a lower alkalinity than the concrete. As many floor coverings and floor adhesives are sensitive to high alkaline conditions it is important to know how hydroxide ions are transported to be able to evaluate the long-term function of floor constructions. It was found that only minor transport of hydroxide ions occurs in the hygroscopic moisture range. One conclusion is therefore that a floor screed of lower alkalinity may protect sensitive floorings from the high alkalinity present in concrete.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Anderberg, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Method for simultaneous determination of sorption isotherms and diffusivity of cement-based materials
- 2008
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In: Cement and Concrete Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0008-8846. ; vol 38:no 1, s. 89-94
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A method for simultaneous determination of the diffusion and sorption properties of cement-based materials is presented. It is a gravimetric method where one small specimen is exposed to stepwise changes in relative humidity while its mass is being measured. As sorption in cement-based materials is slow, the change in relative humidity to the next level is made before final equilibrium has been reached on the previous level. Approximate final (equilibrium) levels are found by extrapolation using an exponential equation, and a factor is applied to correct for the fact that the sorption step does not start at equilibrium conditions. A correction for external mass transfer resistance is also included. The method can be used in desorption as well as absorption mode. Measurements of two materials are presented and compared with the results obtained using conventional methods.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Anderberg, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Moisture in Self-levelling Flooring Compounds. Part I. Water Vapour Diffusion Coefficients
- 2004
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In: Nordic Concrete Research. - 0800-6377. ; Publication 32:2/2004, s. 3-15
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedDiffusion coefficients of three self-levelling flooring compounds (SLC) and water vapour resistance of a primer have been measured with the cup method. The results show that the diffusion coefficient is dependent not only on the vapour content (relative humidity), but also on the absolute moisture content, i.e., there is a hysteresis effect on moisture transport. At RH lower than approximately 90 %, SLC have higher diffusion coefficients than a standard concrete (w/c 0.7 OPC), but the opposite is true at higher RH. This can be explained by the fact that SLC have different pore structure than concrete. The latter may also be an effect of the high amount of polymer in SLC that form a film throughout the material and thereby limits capillary moisture transport.
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| 17. |
- Anderberg, Anders
(author)
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Moisture properties of self-levelling flooring compounds
- 2004
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Self-levelling flooring compounds (SLC) are used to level substrates (mainly concrete slabs) before applying final floor coverings. Although it is an extensively used product, only limited research has so far been published concerning their moisture properties. This report focuses on moisture properties of SLC and describes methods for determining them. Moisture properties of materials are important for the calculation of drying times and moisture loads and for prediction of ion transport and degradation rates. In this report, measurements of moisture diffusion and moisture sorption are presented. Measurements were made with three commercial SLC. Later in the project, results from this report will be used when the function of SLC in flooring constructions will be investigated. These investigations will mainly concern transport of moisture and OH-ions and degradation of other materials in contact with SLC, such as components in flooring adhesives and PVC-floorings.
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| 18. |
- Anderberg, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Moisture properties of self-levelling flooring compounds. Part II. Sorption isotherms.
- 2004
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In: Nordic Concrete Research. - 0800-6377. ; Publication 32:2/2004, s. 16-30
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Moisture sorption in self-levelling flooring compounds was investigated by using a sorption balance. Results are presented as sorption isotherms. Influence of temperature, age, water to binder ratio and carbonation are also presented. An increased temperature and increased water to binder ratio gives lower moisture sorption. Results from scanning curves indicate that, when changing sorption mode, even a minute change in moisture content may result in a significant change in relative humidity in the material.
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| 19. |
- Anderberg, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Sorption hysteresis and scanning in a flooring screed implications for moisture induced degradation
- 2005
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In: Indoor Air 2005: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Vols 1-5. - 7894948306 ; , s. 3928-3932
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sorption isotherms (moisture content as a function of relative humidity (RH) at equilibrium) are an important tool in designing buildings to limit moisture related problems. Normally only a single sorption curve is used so that each moisture content uniquely corresponds to one RH. Sometimes two curves are used, one curve for absorption and one for desorption, as it is well known that sorption has a strong hysteresis for most materials. However, in most situations, materials do not simply follow either absorption or desorption, but will follow scanning curves within the hystersis envelope. In this paper we discuss data on sorption hysteresis and scanning for a cement based flooring material. These data show that the RH-increase will be many times higher when the flooring material absorbs moisture from, e.g., water based adhesives, than would have been predicted by a model without scanning. Implications for expressing critical moisture levels are discussed.
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| 20. |
- Anderberg, Anders
(author)
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Studies of moisture and alkalinity in self-levelling flooring compounds
- 2007
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In recent decades there has been an increasing interest in the indoor environment and its connections with public health. One important topic discussed has been the relation between the moisture in buildings and health. Cementitious materials, when cast, contain excess water since this is necessary for workability and for flow properties. The pore solutions in cementitious materials, besides being high in water content, often have a high pH. High-moisture conditions can cause biological growth. A combination of high moisture conditions and high pH can also result in chemical degradation of other materials, affecting both indoor environment and the technical functioning and appearance of the materials involved. Self-levelling flooring compounds (SLCs) that provide smooth horizontal surfaces are used to level the substrates (mainly concrete slabs) before floor coverings are applied. Although such compounds are used extensively, only limited research on their moisture and alkali properties and their functioning in floor constructions has thus far been conducted. The aim of the present study was to investigate the moisture and alkali properties of SLCs and gain a better understanding of their interaction with other materials in floor constructions. Many traditional methods of determining the moisture properties of building materials are time-consuming and are unsuitable for SLCs. Within the project, new methods, such as a rapid method for the simultaneous determination of both the moisture sorption isotherms and of diffusion coefficients, were developed. Measurements were performed of such moisture properties as the chemical binding of water, the physical binding of it (the moisture sorption isotherm), moisture transport (diffusion), and the rate of surface evaporation and of moisture transport to a concrete substrate, with the aim of better understanding the drying behaviour involved and enabling predictions of the long-term moisture state of SLCs to be obtained. The results served as the basis for a drying model that was developed into a computer-based simulation programme for predicting drying times and long-term moisture states of SLCs. Only very low rates for the transport of hydroxide ions from the concrete substrates to the SLCs and within SLCs were found to occur. This implies that SLCs can be used as barriers for protecting floor coverings and floor adhesives from the high pH of concrete. The alkaline degradation of floor adhesives is dependent upon the pH (hydroxide ion concentration) in the zone of contact of the adhesives with the substrate. Secondary emissions from a floor construction due to alkaline degradation are thus dependent upon the pH-level and the transport of hydroxide ions in the substrate. For highly alkaline substrates, such as concrete, carbonation is essential for avoiding degradation of sensitive materials. This is not the case for SLCs that have considerably lower pH. The carbonated layer at the concrete surface may, however, due to its limited thickness, be unable to serve as a long-term protection in terms of secondary emissions. This is better provided by an SLC of lower alkalinity.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Anderberg, Eva, et al.
(author)
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Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus comparing different cut-off criteria for abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy.
- 2011
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In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0412 .- 0001-6349. ; 90, s. 1252-1258
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective. To determine the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance after gestational diabetes mellitus in relation to different categories of glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Design. Prospective study. Setting. Four delivery departments and three hospitals in southern Sweden took part in recruitment and follow-up. Population. Women undergoing a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test during pregnancy delivering in 2003-2005. Methods. At first follow-up, 1-2 years after delivery, 29% of eligible women with abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy had an oral glucose tolerance test; 160 with gestational diabetes, 309 with gestational impaired glucose tolerance, in addition to 167 control women. Cut-off levels defining gestational diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance were 2-hour capillary blood glucose levels 9.0 and 7.8 mmol/l or plasma glucose 10.0 and 8.6 mmol/l, respectively. Main outcome measures. Frequency of abnormal test results at follow-up. Results: Diabetes was diagnosed in 11% and impaired glucose tolerance in 24% of women with gestational diabetes vs. 4% and 23% in those with gestational impaired glucose tolerance. Combining women with abnormal test results during pregnancy revealed diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance in 29% as compared to 10% among controls; the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for having abnormal test results was 3.3 (1.8-5.9) in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: Lowering the cut-off level for gestational diabetes to also include the category of impaired glucose tolerance would identify a high percentage of women with diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance postpartum, they constitute target groups for intervention and/or diabetes prevention.
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| 25. |
- Anderberg, Leif, et al.
(author)
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Spinal cord injury : scientific challenges for the unknown future
- 2007
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In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 112:3, s. 259-288
-
Research review (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The history of spinal cord injuries starts with the ancient Egyptian medical papyrus known as the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus. The papyrus, written about 2500 B. C. by the physician and architect of the Sakkara pyramids Imhotep, describes "crushed vertebra in his neck" as well as symptoms of neurological deterioration. An ailment not to be treated was the massage to the patients at that time. This fatalistic attitude remained until the end of World War II when the first rehabilitation centre focused on the rehabilitation of spinal cord injured patients was opened. Our knowledge of the pathophysiological processes, both the primary as well as the secondary, has increased tremendously. However, all this knowledge has only led to improved medical care but not to any therapeutic method to restore, even partially, the neurological function. Neuroprotection is defined as measures to counteract secondary injury mechanisms and/or limit the extent of damage caused by self-destructive cellular and tissue processes. The co-existence of several distinctly different injury mechanisms after trauma has provided opportunities to explore a large number of potentially neuroprotective agents in animal experiments such as methylprednisolone sodium succinate. The results of this research have been very discouraging and pharmacological neuroprotection for patients with spinal cord injury has fallen short of the expectations created by the extensive research and promising observations in animal experiments. The focus of research has now, instead, been transformed to the field of neural regeneration. This field includes the discovery of regenerating obstacles in the nerve cell and/or environmental factors but also various regeneration strategies such as bridging the gap at the site of injury as well as transplantation of foetal tissue and stem cells. The purpose of this review is to highlight selected experimental and clinical studies that form the basis for undertaking future challenges in the research field of spinal cord injury. We will focus our discussion on methods either preventing the consequences of secondary injury in the acute period ( neuroprotection) and/or various techniques of neural regeneration in the sub-acute and chronic phase and finally expose some thoughts about future avenues within this scientific field.
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| 26. |
- Anderberg, Martin, 1992, et al.
(author)
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A 183-GHz Schottky diode receiver with 4 dB noise figure
- 2019
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In: IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest. - : IEEE. - 0149-645X. ; 2019-June, s. 172-175
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Atmospheric science based on space-borne millimeter wave measurements require reliable and state-of-the art receivers. In particular, the water vapor line at 183.3 GHz motivates the development of sensitive mixers at this frequency. Traditional assembly techniques employed in the production of Schottky diode receivers involve flip-chip mounting and soldering of discrete dies, which prohibit the implementation of reliable and repeatable production processes. In this work, we present a subharmonic 183 GHz mixer implementing a repeatable assembly method using beamlead Schottky diodes. The mixer was integrated with a InP HEMT MMIC low noise intermediate frequency amplifier resulting in a record-low receiver noise temperature of 450 K at 1 mW of local oscillator power measured at room-temperature. The measured Allan time was 10 s and the third order local oscillator spurious power was less than -60 dBm. The proposed assembly method is of particular importance for space-borne missions but also applicable to a wide range of terahertz applications.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Asif, Sana, M.D, PhD student, et al.
(author)
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Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Dexamethasone in Severe COVID-19 : A Swedish Cohort Study
- 2023
-
In: Biomedicines. - : MDPI. - 2227-9059. ; 11:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dexamethasone (Dex) has been shown to decrease mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the mechanism is not fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the physiological and immunological effects associated with Dex administration in patients admitted to intensive care with severe COVID-19. A total of 216 adult COVID-19 patients were included-102 (47%) received Dex, 6 mg/day for 10 days, and 114 (53%) did not. Standard laboratory parameters, plasma expression of cytokines, endothelial markers, immunoglobulin (Ig) IgA, IgM, and IgG against SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed post-admission to intensive care. Patients treated with Dex had higher blood glucose but lower blood lactate, plasma cortisol, IgA, IgM, IgG, D-dimer, cytokines, syndecan-1, and E-selectin and received less organ support than those who did not receive Dex (Without-Dex). There was an association between Dex treatment and IL-17A, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha, syndecan-1 as well as E-selectin in predicting 30-day mortality. Among a subgroup of patients who received Dex early, within 14 days of COVID-19 debut, the adjusted mortality risk was 0.4 (95% CI 0.2-0.8), i.e., 40% compared with Without-Dex. Dex administration in a cohort of critically ill COVID-19 patients resulted in altered immunological and physiologic responses, some of which were associated with mortality.
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| 29. |
- Asif, Sana, M.D, PhD student, et al.
(author)
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Plasma endostatin correlates with hypoxia and mortality in COVID-19-associated acute respiratory failure
- 2021
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In: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 15:16, s. 1509-1517
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The contribution of endothelial injury in the pathogenesis of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and resulting respiratory failure remains unclear. Plasma endostatin, an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction is upregulated during hypoxia, inflammation and progress of pulmonary disease.Aim: To investigate if plasma endostatin is associated to hypoxia, inflammation and 30-day mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 infection.Method: Samples for blood analysis and plasma endostatin quantification were collected from adult patients with ongoing COVID-19 (n = 109) on admission to intensive care unit (day 1). Demographic characteristics and 30-day mortality data were extracted from medical records. The ability of endostatin to predict mortality was analyzed using receiving operating characteristics and Kaplan-Meier analysis with a cutoff at 46.2 ng/ml was used to analyze the association to survival.Results: Plasma endostatin levels correlated with; PaO2/FiO2 (r = -0.3, p < 0.001), arterial oxygen tension (r = -0.2, p = 0.01), lactate (r = 0.2, p = 0.04), C-reactive protein (r = 0.2, p = 0.04), ferritin (r = 0.2, p = 0.09), D-dimer (r = 0.2, p = 0.08) and IL-6 (r = 0.4, p < 0.001). Nonsurvivors at 30 days had higher plasma endostatin levels than survivors (72 ± 26 vs 56 ± 16 ng/ml, p = 0.01). Receiving operating characteristic curve (area under the curve 0.7) showed that plasma endostatin >46.2 ng/ml predicts mortality with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 71%. In patients with plasma endostatin >46.2 ng/ml probability of survival was lower (p = 0.02) in comparison to those with endostatin <46.2 ng/ml.Conclusion: Our results suggest that plasma endostatin is an early biomarker for disease severity in COVID-19.
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| 30. |
- Behrens, Anders, et al.
(author)
-
CoGNIT Automated Tablet Computer Cognitive Testing in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment : Feasibility Study
- 2022
-
In: JMIR Formative Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 2561-326X. ; 6:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Early diagnosis of cognitive disorders is becoming increasingly important. Limited resources for specialist assessment and an increasing demographical challenge warrants the need for efficient methods of evaluation. In response, CoGNIT, a tablet app for automatic, standardized, and efficient assessment of cognitive function, was developed. Included tests span the cognitive domains regarded as important for assessment in a general memory clinic (memory, language, psychomotor speed, executive function, attention, visuospatial ability, manual dexterity, and symptoms of depression). Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of automatic cognitive testing with CoGNIT in older patients with symptoms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Patients older than 55 years with symptoms of MCI (n=36) were recruited at the research clinic at the Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Karlskrona, Sweden. A research nurse administered the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and the CoGNIT app on a tablet computer. Technical and testing issues were documented. Results: The test battery was completed by all 36 patients. One test, the four-finger-tapping test, was performed incorrectly by 42% of the patients. Issues regarding clarity of instructions were found in 2 tests (block design test and the one finger-tapping test). Minor software bugs were identified. Conclusions: The overall feasibility of automatic cognitive testing with the CoGNIT app in patients with symptoms of MCI was good. The study highlighted tests that did not function optimally. The four-finger-tapping test will be discarded, and minor improvements to the software will be added before further studies and deployment in the clinic. © 2022 JMIR Publications Inc.. All right reserved.
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| 31. |
- Behrens, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Sleep disturbance predicts worse cognitive performance in subsequent years : A longitudinal population-based cohort study
- 2023
-
In: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 106
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Poor sleep is a potential modifiable risk factor for later life development cognitive impairment. The aim of this study is to examine if subjective measures of sleep duration and sleep disturbance predict future cognitive decline in a population-based cohort of 60, 66, 72 and 78-year-olds with a maximal follow up time of 18 years. Methods: This study included participants from the Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care – Blekinge, with assessments 2001–2021. A cohort of 60 (n = 478), 66 (n = 623), 72 (n = 662) and 78 (n = 548) year-olds, were assessed at baseline and every 6 years until 78 years of age. Longitudinal associations between sleep disturbance (sleep scale), self-reported sleep duration and cognitive tests (Mini Mental State Examination and the Clock drawing test) were examined together with typical confounders (sex, education level, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking status, physical inactivity and depression). Results: There was an association between sleep disturbance at age 60 and worse cognitive function at ages 60, 66 and 72 years in fully adjusted models. The association was attenuated after bootstrap-analysis for the 72-year-olds. The items of the sleep scale most predictive of later life cognition regarded nightly awakenings, pain and itching and daytime naps. Long sleep was predictive of future worse cognitive function. Conclusion: Sleep disturbance was associated with worse future cognitive performance for the 60-year-olds, which suggests poor sleep being a risk factor for later life cognitive decline. Questions regarding long sleep, waking during the night, pain and itching and daytime naps should be further explored in future research and may be targets for intervention.
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| 32. |
- Berner, Jessica, et al.
(author)
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Factors influencing Internet usage in older adults (65 years and above) living in rural and urban Sweden
- 2015
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In: Health Informatics Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 1460-4582 .- 1741-2811. ; 21:3, s. 237-249
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Older adults living in rural and urban areas have shown to distinguish themselves in technology adoption; a clearer profile of their Internet use is important in order to provide better technological and health-care solutions. Older adults' Internet use was investigated across large to midsize cities and rural Sweden. The sample consisted of 7181 older adults ranging from 59 to 100 years old. Internet use was investigated with age, education, gender, household economy, cognition, living alone/or with someone and rural/urban living. Logistic regression was used. Those living in rural areas used the Internet less than their urban counterparts. Being younger and higher educated influenced Internet use; for older urban adults, these factors as well as living with someone and having good cognitive functioning were influential. Solutions are needed to avoid the exclusion of some older adults by a society that is today being shaped by the Internet.
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| 33. |
- Bremer, Kåre, et al.
(author)
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An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plants
- 1998
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In: ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. - : MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. - 0026-6493. ; 85:4, s. 531-553
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Recent cladistic analyses are revealing the phylogeny of flowering plants in increasing detail, and there is support for the monophyly of many major groups above the family level. With many elements of the major branching sequence of phylogeny established
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| 34. |
- Bringman, S, et al.
(author)
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Is a dissection balloon beneficial in bilateral, totally extraperitoneal, endoscopic hernioplasty? A randomized, prospective, multicenter study
- 2001
-
In: Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy and Percutaneous Techniques. - 1051-7200 .- 2331-2254. ; 11:5, s. 322-326
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Laparoscopic hernioplasty has been criticized because of its technical complexity and increased costs. Disposable dissection balloons can be used to gain the initial working space in totally extraperitoneal endoscopic (TEP) hernioplasty, but this increases its cost. Forty-four men with bilateral, primary or recurrent inguinal hernias were randomized to undergo TEP with or without dissection balloon, There were two conversions to transabdominal preperitoneal hernioplasty, or open herniorrhaphy, in the group with balloon and four in the group without balloon. There was no difference in the postoperative morbidity or operation time between the two groups, and there were no major complications in either group. The recurrence rate was 4.3% in the group with the balloon and 7.1% in the group without the balloon. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups, Although our study population is too small to detect small differences between the groups, it seems that the use of a dissection balloon is not beneficial in a bilateral TEP.
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| 35. |
- Bringman, S., et al.
(author)
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Is a dissection balloon beneficial in totally extraperitoneal endoscopic hernioplasty (TEP)? A randomized prospective multicenter study
- 2001
-
In: Surgical Endoscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-2794 .- 1432-2218. ; 15:3, s. 266-270
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Laparoscopic hernioplasty has been criticized because of its technical complexity and increased costs. Disposable dissection balloons can be used to facilitate the creation of the initial working space in totally extraperitoneal endoscopic hernioplasty (TEP), but their use adds to the cost of the operation. Methods: A total of 322 men with unilateral, primary, or recurrent inguinal hernias were randomized to undergo TEP with or without a dissection balloon. Results: In the group with the balloon, three of 161 patients (2.5%) required conversion to transabdominal preperitoneal hernioplasty (TAPP), or open herniorraphy, whereas 17 of 161 patients (10.6%) were converted to TAPP or open herniorraphy in the group without the balloon (p = 0.002). The mean operation time was 55 min in the group with the balloon and 63 min in the group without the balloon (p = 0.004). There was no difference between them in postoperative morbidity, and there were no major complications in either group. The recurrence rate was 3.1% in the group with the balloon and 3.7 % in the group without the balloon (p = 0.8). Conclusion: The use of a dissection balloon in TEP reduces the conversion rate and may be especially beneficial early in the learning curve.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Bülow Anderberg, Sara, et al.
(author)
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Increased levels of plasma cytokines and correlations to organ failure and 30-day mortality in critically ill Covid-19 patients
- 2021
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In: Cytokine. - : Springer Nature. - 1043-4666 .- 1096-0023. ; 138
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The infection caused by SARS CoV-2 has been postulated to induce a cytokine storm syndrome that results in organ failure and even death in a considerable number of patients. However, the inflammatory response in Corona virus disease-19 (Covid-19) and its potential to cause collateral organ damage has not been fully elucidated to date. This study aims to characterize the acute cytokine response in a cohort of critically ill Covid-19 patients.METHOD: 24 adults with PCR-confirmed Covid-19 were included at time of admission to intensive care a median of eleven days after initial symptoms. Eleven adult patients admitted for elective abdominal surgery with preoperative plasma samples served as controls. All patients were included after informed consent was obtained. 27 cytokines were quantified in plasma. The expression of inflammatory mediators was then related to routine inflammatory markers, SAPS3, SOFA score, organ failure and 30-day mortality.RESULTS: A general increase in cytokine expression was observed in all Covid-19 patients. A strong correlation between respiratory failure and IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IP-10 expression was observed. Acute kidney injury development correlated well with increased levels of IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17a, IP-10 and MCP-1. Generally, the cohort demonstrated weaker correlations between cytokine expression and 30-day mortality out of which IL-8 showed the strongest signal in terms of mortality.CONCLUSION: The present study found that respiratory failure, acute kidney injury and 30-day mortality in critically ill Covid-19 patients are associated with moderate increases of a broad range of inflammatory mediators at time of admission.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Gradin, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Urinary cytokines correlate with acute kidney injury in critically ill COVID-19 patients
- 2021
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In: Cytokine. - : Springer Nature. - 1043-4666 .- 1096-0023. ; 146
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury is common in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. Urinary biomarkers are a non-invasive way of assaying renal damage, and so far, urinary cytokines are not fully investigated. The current study aimed to assess urinary cytokine levels in COVID-19 patients.METHODS: Urine was collected from COVID-19 patients (n = 29) in intensive care and compared to a preoperative group of patients (n = 9) with no critical illness. 92 urinary cytokines were analyzed in multiplex using the Olink Target 96 inflammation panel and compared to clinical characteristics, and urinary markers of kidney injury.RESULTS: There were strong correlations between proinflammatory cytokines and between urinary cytokines and urinary kidney injury markers in 29 COVID-19 patients. Several cytokines were correlated to kidney injury, 31 cytokines to AKI stage and 19 cytokines correlated to maximal creatinine.CONCLUSIONS: Urinary inflammatory cytokines from a wide range of immune cell lineages were significantly upregulated during COVID-19 and the upregulation correlated with acute kidney injury as well as urinary markers of kidney tissue damage.
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| 40. |
- Gullström, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Blue Carbon Storage in Tropical Seagrass Meadows Relates to Carbonate Stock Dynamics, Plant–Sediment Processes, and Landscape Context : Insights from the Western Indian Ocean
- 2018
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In: Ecosystems (New York. Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-9840 .- 1435-0629. ; 21:3, s. 551-566
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Globally, seagrass ecosystems are considered major blue carbon sinks and thus indirect contributors to climate change mitigation. Quantitative estimates and multi-scale appraisals of sources that underlie long-term storage of sedimentary carbon are vital for understanding coastal carbon dynamics. Across a tropical–subtropical coastal continuum in the Western Indian Ocean, we estimated organic (Corg) and inorganic (Ccarb) carbon stocks in seagrass sediment. Quantified levels and variability of the two carbon stocks were evaluated with regard to the relative importance of environmental attributes in terms of plant–sediment properties and landscape configuration. The explored seagrass habitats encompassed low to moderate levels of sedimentary Corg (ranging from 0.20 to 1.44% on average depending on species- and site-specific variability) but higher than unvegetated areas (ranging from 0.09 to 0.33% depending on site-specific variability), suggesting that some of the seagrass areas (at tropical Zanzibar in particular) are potentially important as carbon sinks. The amount of sedimentary inorganic carbon as carbonate (Ccarb) clearly corresponded to Corg levels, and as carbonates may represent a carbon source, this could diminish the strength of seagrass sediments as carbon sinks in the region. Partial least squares modelling indicated that variations in sedimentary Corg and Ccarb stocks in seagrass habitats were primarily predicted by sediment density (indicating a negative relationship with the content of carbon stocks) and landscape configuration (indicating a positive effect of seagrass meadow area, relative to the area of other major coastal habitats, on carbon stocks), while seagrass structural complexity also contributed, though to a lesser extent, to model performance. The findings suggest that accurate carbon sink assessments require an understanding of plant–sediment processes as well as better knowledge of how sedimentary carbon dynamics are driven by cross-habitat links and sink–source relationships in a scale-dependent landscape context, which should be a priority for carbon sink conservation.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Hagelsteen, Kristine, et al.
(author)
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Performance and perception of haptic feedback in a laparoscopic 3D virtual reality simulator
- 2019
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In: Minimally Invasive Therapy and Allied Technologies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1364-5706 .- 1365-2931. ; 28:5, s. 309-316
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The benefit of haptic feedback in laparoscopic virtual reality simulators (VRS) is ambiguous. A previous study found 32% faster acquisition of skills with the combination of 3 D and haptic feedback compared to 2 D only. This study aimed to validate perception and effect on performance of haptic feedback by experienced surgeons in the previously tested VRS. Material and methods: A randomized single blinded cross-over study with laparoscopists (>100 laparoscopic procedures) was conducted in a VRS with 3 D imaging. One group started with haptic feedback, and the other group without. After performing the suturing task with haptics either enabled or disabled, the groups crossed over to the opposite setting. Face validity was assessed through questionnaires. Metrics were obtained from the VRS. Results: The haptics for ‘handling the needle’, ‘needle through tissue’ and ‘tying the knot’ was scored as completely realistic by 3/22, 1/22 and 2/22 respectively. Comparing the metrics for maximum stretch damage between the groups revealed a significantly lower score when a group performed with haptics enabled p =.027 (haptic first group) and p <.001(haptic last group). Conclusion: Haptic feedback in VRS has limited fidelity according to the tested laparoscopic surgeons. In spite of this, significantly less stretch damage was caused with haptics enabled.
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| 43. |
- Kald, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Laparoscopic hernia repair in patients with bilateral groin hernias
- 2000
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In: European Journal of Surgery. - 1102-4151 .- 1741-9271. ; 166:3, s. 210-212
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To compare outcome of unilateral and bilateral laparoscopic hernia repair. Design: Prospective consecutive trial. Setting: University hospital, Sweden. Subjects: 380 patients who had unilateral hernias repaired laparoscopically and 64 patients who had bilateral hernias repaired. The median (range) age in the two groups was 56 (21-86) and 61 (30-85) years, respectively and the median (range) follow-up was 42 (24-58) months. Main outcome measures: Operating time, hospital stay, complications, and time to recovery. Results: The median (range) operating time was 70 (25-240) minutes in the unilateral and in the bilateral group 113 (55-330) minutes. The complication rate, recurrence rate, and time to full recovery did not differ between the groups. Conclusion: The laparoscopic approach seems to be a good option for patients with bilateral inguinal hernias.
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| 44. |
- Krook, Joakim, 1977-
(author)
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Concentrate or dilute contaminants? : Strategies for Swedish wood waste
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis aims to assess the environmental consequences of management strategies for wood waste in Sweden. There is a special focus on separation strategies and in what way such measures influence environmental aspects such as the presence of heavy metals in the waste. Actors’ incentives and capacity to influence wood waste management are analysed, emphasising the importance of driving forces such as governmental regulation and market interactions.The results show that, in comparison to present dilution practice, separation of contaminants would lead to decreased heavy metal emissions during combustion of wood waste while still recovering a similar energy yield from the waste. Such measures would also increase possibilities for resource-saving reuse of the generated ash. For most metals, however, long-term pollution concerns related to accumulations in landfills and unintentional co-recycling are difficult to address, regardless of separation strategy. An exception is industrial preservative-treated wood waste that according to regulation is to be separately handled as hazardous, for which separation measures also would address such future concerns. This indicates that governments could play an important role in environmental policy by, for instance, stimulating separate handling of certain discarded products.Actors in the energy sector involved in fuel and heat production have quite restricted capacities for separation of contaminants in wood waste. Instead, achieving substantially less contaminated wood waste seems to require actors in the waste and construction sectors to develop source separation measures. The fact that such measures often involve actors lacking professional standards for waste management constitutes a fundamental obstacle to efficient separation. Perhaps even more hampering is that source separation at present leads to increased waste disposal costs for actors in the construction sector. Such economic outcomes of source separation are unfavourable, since these actors consider wood waste as a disposal problem for which the costs should be minimised. Despite these obstacles, however, the results show that some actors have proved capable of achieving relatively efficient separation.At present, only a minor share of industrial preservative–treated wood waste is separately handled as hazardous. For actors in the energy, waste and construction sectors, the incentives for such measures appear low even though introduced regulations potentially could have created such incentives. It appears as if a lack of steering mechanisms such as communication and supervision have neutralised the inherent pressure from regulation in many cases. Quality requirements, on the other hand, can be concluded to be of outmost importance for motivating separation measures. Unfortunately, market forces encourage actors in the energy sector to practice inconsistent enforcement of quality requirements. As a consequence, actors in the waste and construction sectors do not experience any strong pressure for separation of contaminants from their customers. In fact, such an inconsistent enforcement of quality requirements seems to have counteracted legal pressures for separation, due to present customer-oriented business management.
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| 45. |
- Luther, Tomas, et al.
(author)
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COVID-19 patients in intensive care develop predominantly oliguric acute kidney injury
- 2021
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In: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 65:3, s. 364-372
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Acute kidney Injury (AKI) is a syndrome of reduced glomerular filtration rate and/or reduced urine flow associated with mortality in corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). AKI is often associated with renal tissue damage, which may lead to chronic kidney disease. Biomarkers of tissue damage may identify patients of particular risk.METHODS: In a prospective observational study of 57 patients admitted to intensive care, AKI incidence and characteristics was evaluated according to KDIGO criteria and related to days after admission. Urinary albumin, Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1) and Plasma Tissue Inhibitor of MetalloProteinase 2 (TIMP-2) were analysed in 52 patients at admission.RESULTS: The majority (n=51, 89%) of patients developed AKI, and 27 (47%) patients had predominantly oliguric AKI where oliguria was more severe than plasma Creatinine increase. Severe oliguria within first 2 days after admission was common (n=37, 65%) while stage 2 and 3 AKI due to Creatinine occurred later than day 2 in 67% (12/18) of cases. Renal replacement therapy was started in 9 (16%) patients, and 30-day mortality was 28%. Urinary biomarkers were increased in a majority of patients, but did not robustly predict KDIGO stage. Most patients had microalbuminuria, and severe albuminuria (albumin Creatinine ratio > 30 mg/mmol) was found in n=9 (17%) patients.CONCLUSIONS: A majority of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU develop AKI. The functional deficit is often low urinary volume, and initial levels of biomarkers are generally increased without clear relation to final AKI stage.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Pedersen, Hanne, et al.
(author)
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Visuospatial ability is associated to 2D laparoscopic simulator performance amongst surgical residents
- 2023
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In: Surgery Open Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2589-8450. ; 11, s. 56-61
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The technical skills of a surgeon influence surgical outcome. Testing technical aptitude at point of recruitment of surgical residents is only conducted in a few countries. This study investigated the impact of visuospatial ability (VSA), background factors, and manual dexterity on performance in two different laparoscopic surgical simulators amongst applicants and 1st year surgical residents. Method: Applicants from general surgery, pediatric surgery, and urology were included from seven hospitals in Sweden between 2017 and 2021. Some 73 applicants were invited and 50 completed. Participants filled out a background form, and were tested for manual dexterity, and visuospatial ability. Two laparoscopic simulators were used, one 2D video box trainer and one 3D Virtual Reality Simulator. Results: A significant association was found between the visuospatial ability test and 2D video box laparoscopic performance (95 % CI: 1.028–1.2, p-value <0.01). For every point on the visuospatial test the odds of accomplishing the task increased by 11 %. No association was found between VSA and performance in a laparoscopic VR simulator using 3D vision. No other background factors were associated with performance in the two laparoscopic simulators. Conclusion: Visuospatial ability in applicants to surgical residency positions is associated to performance in a 2D video box trainer. Knowledge of a resident's visuospatial ability can be used to tailor individualized laparoscopic training programs, and in the future might function as a selection tool concerning laparoscopic ability. Key message: Visuospatial ability differs greatly amongst applicants for surgical residency and is associated to laparoscopic simulator performance. Testing applicants' visuospatial ability could possibly be used to tailor individualized laparoscopic training programs or in the future as a selection tool concerning laparoscopic ability.
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| 48. |
- Sjöblom, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Can diabetes medication be reduced in elderly patients? : An observational study of diabetes drug withdrawal in nursing home patients with tight glycaemic control
- 2008
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In: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 82:2, s. 197-202
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To explore the feasibility of withdrawal of diabetes medication in elderly patients with HbA1c £ 6.0%.Methods: HbA1c was measured in 98 patients with known diabetes in 17 nursing homes in Sweden. 32 subjects with HbA1c £ 6.0% participated in the drug withdrawal study. After measuring plasma glucose on three consecutive days, diabetes drugs were reduced, i.e. complete withdrawal of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs), complete insulin withdrawal when doses were £ 20 units/day and reduced by half in patients on more than 20 units/day.Results: We identified 31 episodes of plasma glucose £ 4.4 mmol/l, most of them nocturnal (n=17). Mean HbA1c was 5.2 % ± 0.4 compared to 7.1 % ± 1.6 in the non-intervention group. Three months after the diabetes drug discontinuation, 24 patients (75%) remained in the intervention group and mean HbA1c was then 5.8 %. ± 0.9. Six months after baseline investigation mean HbA1c in the intervention group was 5.8 % ± 1.1 compared with 6.6 % ± 1.4 in the non-intervention group.Conclusions: Hypoglycaemic events are common among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The withdrawal of diabetes medication in elderly with tight glycaemic control is safe and may decrease the risk for hypoglycaemia.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Stattin, Karl, et al.
(author)
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Inadequate prophylactic effect of low-molecular weight heparin in critically ill COVID-19 patients
- 2020
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In: Journal of critical care. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9441 .- 1557-8615. ; 60, s. 249-252
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate potential markers of coagulopathy and the effects of thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) on thromboelastography (TEG) and anti-factor Xa in critically ill COVID-19 patients.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective study in 31 consecutive adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. TEG with and without heparinase and anti-factor Xa analysis were performed. Standard thromboprophylaxis was given with dalteparin (75-100 IU/kg subcutaneously).RESULTS: Five patients (16%) had symptomatic thromboembolic events. All patients had a maximum amplitude (MA) > 65 mm and 13 (42%) had MA > 72 mm at some point during ICU stay. Anti-factor Xa activity were below the target range in 23% of the patients and above target range in 46% of patients. There was no significant correlation between dalteparin dose and anti-factor Xa activity.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with COVID-19 have hypercoagulability with high MA on TEG. The effect of LMWH on thromboembolic disease, anti-factor Xa activity and TEG was variable and could not be reliably predicted. This indicates that standard prophylactic doses of LMWH may be insufficient. Monitoring coagulation and the LMWH effect is important in patients with COVID-19 but interpreting the results in relation to risk of thromboembolic disease poses difficulties.
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