| 1. |
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| 2. |
- d'Amore, Francesco, et al.
(author)
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Up-Front Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma : NLG-T-01
- 2012
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In: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 30:25, s. 3093-3099
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose Systemic peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) respond poorly to conventional therapy. To evaluate the efficacy of a dose-dense approach consolidated by up-front high-dose chemotherapy (HDT) and autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) in PTCL, the Nordic Lymphoma Group (NLG) conducted a large prospective phase II study in untreated systemic PTCL. This is the final report, with a 5-year median follow-up, of the NLG-T-01 study. Patients and Methods Treatment-naive patients with PTCL age 18 to 67 years (median, 57 years) were included. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) -positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) was excluded. An induction regimen of six cycles of biweekly CHOEP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, etoposide, and prednisone) was administered (in patients age > 60 years, etoposide was omitted). If in complete or partial remission, patients proceeded to consolidation with HDT/ASCT. Results Of 166 enrolled patients, 160 had histopathologically confirmed PTCL. The majority presented with advanced-stage disease, B symptoms, and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase. A total of 115 underwent HDT/ASCT, with 90 in complete remission at 3 months post-transplantation. Early failures occurred in 26%. Treatment-related mortality was 4%. At 60.5 months of median follow-up, 83 patients were alive. Consolidated 5-year overall and progression-free survival (PFS) were 51% (95% CI, 43% to 59%) and 44% (95% CI, 36% to 52%), respectively. Best results were obtained in ALK-negative ALCL. Conclusion Dose-dense induction followed by HDT/ASCT was well tolerated and led to long-term PFS in 44% of treatment-naive patients with PTCL. This represents an encouraging outcome, particularly considering the high median age and adverse risk profile of the study population. Therefore, dose-dense induction and HDT/ASCT are a rational up-front strategy in transplantation-eligible patients with PTCL. J Clin Oncol 30: 3093-3099. (C) 2012 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 7. |
- Alef, Walter, et al.
(author)
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Geodetic data analysis of VGOS experiments
- 2021
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In: 2021 34th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science, URSI GASS 2021.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) serves as one of the common geodetic methods to define the global reference frames and monitor Earth's orientation variations. The technical upgrade of the VLBI method known as the VLBI Global Observing System (VGOS) includes a critical re-design of the observed frequencies from the dual band mode (S and X band, i.e. 2 GHz and 8 GHz) to observations in a broadband (2-14 GHz). Since 2019 the first VGOS experiments are available for the geodetic analysis in free access at the International VLBI service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS). Also regional-only subnetworks such as European VLBI stations have succeeded already in VGOS mode. Based on these brand-new observations we review the current geodetic data analysis workflow to build a bridge between geodetic observed delays derived from different bands.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Annertz, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Incidence and survival of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in Scandinavia, with special reference to young adults.
- 2002
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In: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136. ; 101:1, s. 95-99
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In several countries, increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue in young adults has been suspected during the last decades. Some reports indicate a lower survival rate for young patients compared to older patients. In other reports, there has not been any considerable difference in survival when comparing young adults to older patients, whereas some authors have shown better survival for young adults. This disease is rare in young adults, and early reports were based on comparable small numbers and selected patients. Our aim was first to perform a population-based study to determine if an increased incidence in SCC of the tongue could be verified in a larger population comprising the Scandinavian countries Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway. A second aim was to determine survival rates for young adults compared to older patients. The material was based on the annual cancer incidence and survival reports from the Scandinavian cancer registries. The study period was 1960-1994. During that period, 5,024 SCCs of the tongue were reported. Of these, 276 (5.5%) were young adults (20-39 years). The incidence increased at all ages except for women 65-79 years old. The increase was most pronounced in young adults: 0.06-0.32 for men and 0.03-0.19 for women, counted by 100,000 person-years. Relative survival was significantly better for young adults compared to older patients.
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| 10. |
- Annertz, Karin, et al.
(author)
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The increase in incidence of cancer of the tongue in the Nordic countries continues into the twenty-first century
- 2012
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In: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2251 .- 0001-6489. ; 132:5, s. 552-557
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Conclusion: This study shows a persistent trend of an increase in the incidence of carcinoma of the tongue into the twenty-first century for both sexes and all age groups except for young males. Objectives: During the last decades increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue in young adults has been reported. We previously showed an increased incidence in SCC of the tongue in Scandinavia in 1960-1994, most pronounced in patients aged 20-39 years. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the trend of increased incidence of tongue cancer continued into the twenty-first century in a population-based study in the Nordic countries. Methods: Data for all reported SCCs of the tongue and base of tongue in patients aged 20-79 years during 1960-2008 were extracted from the NORDCAN registry, based on the National Cancer registries in the Nordic countries. Data from Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, and Iceland were analyzed. The age groups 20-39, 40-64, and 65-79 years were studied separately as well as male and female figures. Results: In all, 12 280 cases were reported, of which 673 were diagnosed in patients aged 20-39 years. The trend of an increase persisted after 1994 in both sexes and all three age groups except in young males.
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| 11. |
- Asdahl, Peter H, et al.
(author)
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The adult life after childhood cancer in scandinavia (ALiCCS) study: Design and characteristics.
- 2015
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In: Pediatric Blood & Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1545-5017 .- 1545-5009. ; 62:12, s. 2204-2210
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the last five decades, survival of childhood cancer has increased from 25% to 80%. At the same time, however, it has become evident that survivors experience a broad range of therapy-related late adverse health effects. The aim of the Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS) study is to investigate long-term health consequences of past and current therapies in order to improve follow-up care of survivors and to reduce treatment-related morbidity of future patients.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Bergh Thorén, Fredrik, 1976, et al.
(author)
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Late divergence of survival curves in cancer immunotherapy trials: interpretation and implications
- 2013
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In: Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-7004 .- 1432-0851. ; 62:10, s. 1547-1551
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Late divergence of survival curves of treated patients and controls is commonly seen in successful cancer immunotherapy trials. Although late survival curve divergence may be caused by a delayed action of therapy, it may also be related to early effects of the treatment. We suggest that late survival divergence most often reflects a specific benefit of therapy for patients who suffer from a comparatively slow progression of disease. The occurrence of delayed survival curve divergence has important implications for the statistical analysis of immunotherapy trials. Thus, it leads to non-proportional hazard ratios that make commonly used statistical tests, e.g., the logrank test, suboptimal. It is therefore suggested that the statistical analysis of immunotherapy trials primarily should be based on a test that compares the survival curves at or after a prespecified, fixed, late time point.
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| 14. |
- Björkholm, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Central nervous system occurrence in elderly patients with aggressive lymphoma and a long-term follow-up
- 2007
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In: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534 .- 1569-8041. ; 18:6, s. 1085-1089
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Secondary central nervous system (CNS) involvement by aggressive lymphoma is a well-known and dreadful clinical complication. The incidence and risk factors for CNS manifestation were studied in a large cohort of elderly (>60 years) patients with aggressive lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In all, 444 previously untreated patients were randomized to receive 3-weekly combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone or cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, vincristine and prednisone (CNOP) (doxorubicin substituted by mitoxantrone) chemotherapy with or without filgrastim. Prophylactic intrathecal methotrexate was given to patients with lymphoma involvement of bone marrow, testis and CNS near sites. RESULTS: In all 29 of 444 (6.5%) developed CNS disease after a median observation time of 115 months. CNS was the only site of progression/relapse in 13 patients while part of a systemic disease manifestation in 16 patients. In univariate risk factor analysis, CNS occurrence was associated with extranodal involvement of testis (P = 0.002), advanced clinical stage (P = 0.005) and increased age-adjusted International Prognostic Index score (aaIPI; P = 0.035). In multivariate analysis, initial involvement of testis remained significant and clinical stage was of borderline significance. The median survival time was 2 months after presentation of CNS disease. CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of elderly patients with advanced aggressive lymphoma will develop CNS disease. CNS occurrence is related to testis involvement, advanced clinical stage and high aaIPI and the prognosis is dismal.
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| 15. |
- Bratt, Ola, et al.
(author)
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Metaphase cytogenetics and DNA flow cytometry with analysis of S-phase fraction in prostate cancer: influence on prognosis
- 1996
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In: Urology. - 1527-9995. ; 47:2, s. 218-224
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To compare the prognostic significance of chromosome aberrations, DNA ploidy, and S-phase fraction (SPF) in prostate adenocarcinomas and to compare the sensitivity of metaphase cytogenetics with flow cytometry (FCM) in detecting abnormal tumor clones. METHODS: Prostate adenocarcinomas from 57 men were previously successfully analyzed with metaphase cytogenetics. Archival material from these tumors were further analyzed with FCM for DNA content and SPF. RESULTS: The patients were followed for 4.5 to 7.7 years. DNA ploidy was analyzed in 51, and SPF in 45 of the 57 tumors. Clonal chromosomal aberrations, DNA aneuploidy, and high SPF were all significantly associated with poor survival. Of these three variables, SPF was the best predictor of survival, but compared with tumor stage and grade in multivariate analysis, SPF was not an independent prognostic factor. Patients with locally advanced tumors or metastatic disease with SPF less than 8% had a median survival of 5.9 years, compared with only 1.3 years for those with SPF more than 8%. Twenty-eight abnormal clones were detected with FCM and 20 with cytogenetic analysis, but only for two of these clones could the results from the two different methods be regarded as concordant. CONCLUSIONS: SPF was superior to karyotype and ploidy in predicting death in prostate cancer, but it remains to be shown whether SPF analysis adds prognostic information to tumor stage and grade. The cytogenetic analyses correlated poorly with results of FCM, indicating low sensitivity of both methods.
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| 16. |
- Capocaccia, R, et al.
(author)
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Measuring cancer prevalence in Europe: the EUROPREVAL project
- 2002
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In: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-8041 .- 0923-7534. ; 13:6, s. 831-839
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cancer prevalence is the proportion of individuals in a population who at some stage during their lifetime have been diagnosed with cancer, irrespective of the date of diagnosis. Cancer prevalence statistics have generally been provided by a limited number of well established cancer registries that have been in existence for several decades. The advent of systematic follow-up of life status of incident cases and the availability of new statistical methodologies, now makes it possible for registries established during the 1970s or 1980s to provide prevalence data. The main problems encountered in the estimation of prevalence are the inclusion of: (i) cases lost to follow-up; (ii) cases known only from their death certificate; (iii) cases diagnosed before the start of registration; and (iv) the treatment of multiple tumours and migrations. The main aim of this paper was to review these problems and discuss, through the experience gained with EUROPREVAL, how they can be overcome. A method is presented for the calculation of prevalence of all cancers combined in the populations covered by the 45 cancer registries participating in EUROPREVAL. Prevalence of cancer is estimated to be 2% on average, with the highest values (3%) in Sweden and the lowest in Eastern Europe, with a minimum of approximately 1% in Poland.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Emdin, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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SweDCIS: Radiotherapy after sector resection for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. Results of a randomised trial in a population offered mammography screening.
- 2006
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In: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 45:5, s. 536-43
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We studied the effect of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) after breast sector resection for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The study protocol stipulated radical surgery but microscopically clear margins were not mandatory. We randomised 1,046 operated women to postoperative RT or control between 1987 and 1999. The primary endpoint was ipsilateral local recurrence. Secondary endpoints were contralateral breast cancer, distant metastasis and death. After a median follow-up of 5.2 years (range 0.1-13.8) there were 44 recurrences in the RT group corresponding to a cumulative incidence of 0.07 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05-0.10). In the control group there were 117 recurrences giving a cumulative incidence of 0.22 (95% CI 0.18-0.26) giving an overall hazard ratio of 0.33 (95% CI 0.24-0.47, p < 0.0001). Twenty two percent of the patients had microscopically unknown or involved margins. We found no evidence for different effects of RT on the relative risk of invasive or in situ recurrence. Secondary endpoints did not differ. Women undergoing sector resection for DCIS under conditions of population based screening mammography benefit from postoperative RT to the breast. Seven patients needed RT-treatment to prevent one recurrence.
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| 20. |
- Engellau, Jacob, et al.
(author)
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Identification of low-risk tumours in histological high-grade soft tissue sarcomas
- 2007
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In: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0852 .- 0959-8049. ; 43:13, s. 1927-1934
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In more than one-third of patients with a histological high-grade malignant soft tissue sarcoma metastasis develops despite local control of the primary tumour. Hence, adjuvant chemotherapy is increasingly used for these relatively chemoresistant tumours which requires improved prognostication to exclude low-risk patients from overtreatment. We assessed the value of stepwise prognostication in a series of 434 histological high-grade STS of the extremity and trunk wall. Vascular invasion was used as the first discriminator whereafter the risk factors tumour necrosis, size (>8 cm) and infiltrating growth pattern were used to discriminate high- and low-risk tumours. We identified a high-risk group with a cumulative incidence of metastasis >0.4 at 5 years, and a low-risk group, comprising half of the tumours, with a cumulative incidence of metastasis <0.15. The model was validated in an independent material of 175 patients. This model improved prognostication in STS and is of value for identifying patients who probably should not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 21. |
- Engellau, Jacob, et al.
(author)
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Time dependence of prognostic factors for patients with soft tissue sarcoma : a Scandinavian Sarcoma Group Study of 338 malignant fibrous histiocytomas
- 2004
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In: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1097-0142 .- 0008-543X. ; 100:10, s. 2233-2239
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Prognostic factors for metastasis in soft tissue sarcoma govern decisions regarding adjuvant treatment. However, the significance of initial tumor-related prognostic factors over time is largely unknown.METHODS: The current study included 338 patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the extremities or the trunk wall whose tumors were reviewed by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Pathology Review Group. Of these 338 patients, 329 (97%) had high-grade tumors. The median follow-up period was 7 years. Metastases occurred in 110 of 338 of patients after a median follow-up period of 14 months, with roughly one-third (32 of 110) occurring after 2 years. The authors investigated the prognostic significance of tumor size, tumor depth, histologic grade, microscopic tumor necrosis, vascular invasion, mitotic rate, and local tumor recurrence at various time intervals using metastases as an endpoint.RESULTS: On univariate analysis, all investigated factors were found to be correlated with metastases for the entire follow-up period and also for the first 2 years of follow-up; beyond this time point, only size, tumor depth, and local recurrence were significant. On multivariate analysis, necrosis and local tumor recurrence were significant for the entire follow-up duration and also for the first 2 years of follow-up, whereas only tumor depth and local recurrence were significant beyond 2 years of follow-up. For all initial factors, the annual metastasis risks in the high-risk and low-risk groups converged to < 0.1 after 2 years and to near 0 after 5 years.CONCLUSIONS: Prognostic factors for metastasis in MFH were time dependent. The predictive value of the initial prognostic factors was limited to the first 2 years of follow-up. The lack of observed prognostic value beyond 2 years of follow-up probably was attributable to heterogeneity within risk categories as a result of measurement errors and unknown biologic variations.
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| 22. |
- Engellau, Jacob, et al.
(author)
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Tissue microarray technique in soft tissue sarcoma: immunohistochemical Ki-67 expression in malignant fibrous histiocytoma
- 2001
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In: Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology. - 1533-4058. ; 9:4, s. 358-363
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) represents a heterogeneous soft tissue sarcoma entity. The authors compared different methods to determine immunohistochemical staining in whole tissue sections, evaluated the tissue microarray technique, and assessed immunohistochemical heterogeneity using the proliferation marker Ki-67 in 47 histopathologic tumor blocks from 11 MFHs. Whole tissue sections were assessed counting 400 cells along a line and counting all cells in 10 high-power fields (0.16 mm2) with mean Ki-67 expression levels of 13% and 11%, respectively. For the tissue microarray technique, two to three 0.6-mm diameter biopsies were studied from each of the 47 tumor blocks. Good correlation was obtained between whole tissue immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray with the microarray method, giving on average 8.6% greater Ki-67 expression levels than the reference method. Immunohistochemical tumor heterogeneity, evaluated using the high-power field method, showed a median standard deviation of 2.3% within the tumor blocks and 2.5% between the blocks from the same tumor. The authors concluded that the tissue microarray technique yields good quality staining and expression levels for Ki-67 comparable with whole tissue methods in MFH, but because of tumor heterogeneity, several tumor blocks ideally should be studied and, because of loss of material in the microarray process, multiple biopsies should be taken. The feasibility of tissue microarray for immunohistochemical studies of soft tissue sarcomas offers new possibilities to study multiple markers in large tumor materials.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Garwicz, Stanislaw, et al.
(author)
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Late and very late mortality in 5-year survivors of childhood cancer: Changing pattern over four decades. Experience from the Nordic countries.
- 2012
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In: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136. ; 131:7, s. 1659-1666
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Long-term survivors of childhood cancer suffer from a higher mortality than the general population. Here we evaluate late and very late mortality, and patterns of causes of death, in five year survivors after childhood and adolescent cancer in cases diagnosed during four decades in the five Nordic countries. The study is population-based and uses data of the nationwide cancer registries and the cause of death registers. There were in all 37,515 incident cases, diagnosed with cancer before the age of 20 years, between 1960 and 1999. The 5-year survivor cohort used in the mortality analyses consisted of 21,984 patients who were followed-up for vital status until December 31, 2005 (Norway, Sweden) or 2006 (Denmark, Finland, Iceland). At the latest follow-up, 2,324 patients were dead. The overall standardized mortality ratio was 8.3 and the absolute excess risk was 6.2 per 1,000 person-years. The pattern of causes of death varied markedly between different groups of primary cancer diagnosis, and was highly dependent on time passed since diagnosis. With shorter follow-up the mortality was mainly due to primary cancer, while with longer follow-up, mortality due to second cancer and non-cancer causes became more prominent. Mortality between 5 and 10 years after diagnosis continued to decrease in patients treated during the most recent period of time, 1990-99, compared to previous periods, while mortality after 10 years changed very little with time period. We conclude that improvement of definite survival demands not only reducing early but also late and very late mortality.
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| 26. |
- Groenewold, Nynke A., et al.
(author)
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Volume of subcortical brain regions in social anxiety disorder : mega-analytic results from 37 samples in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group
- 2023
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In: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 28:3, s. 1079-1089
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is limited convergence in neuroimaging investigations into volumes of subcortical brain regions in social anxiety disorder (SAD). The inconsistent findings may arise from variations in methodological approaches across studies, including sample selection based on age and clinical characteristics. The ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group initiated a global mega-analysis to determine whether differences in subcortical volumes can be detected in adults and adolescents with SAD relative to healthy controls. Volumetric data from 37 international samples with 1115 SAD patients and 2775 controls were obtained from ENIGMA-standardized protocols for image segmentation and quality assurance. Linear mixed-effects analyses were adjusted for comparisons across seven subcortical regions in each hemisphere using family-wise error (FWE)-correction. Mixed-effects d effect sizes were calculated. In the full sample, SAD patients showed smaller bilateral putamen volume than controls (left: d = −0.077, pFWE = 0.037; right: d = −0.104, pFWE = 0.001), and a significant interaction between SAD and age was found for the left putamen (r = −0.034, pFWE = 0.045). Smaller bilateral putamen volumes (left: d = −0.141, pFWE < 0.001; right: d = −0.158, pFWE < 0.001) and larger bilateral pallidum volumes (left: d = 0.129, pFWE = 0.006; right: d = 0.099, pFWE = 0.046) were detected in adult SAD patients relative to controls, but no volumetric differences were apparent in adolescent SAD patients relative to controls. Comorbid anxiety disorders and age of SAD onset were additional determinants of SAD-related volumetric differences in subcortical regions. To conclude, subtle volumetric alterations in subcortical regions in SAD were detected. Heterogeneity in age and clinical characteristics may partly explain inconsistencies in previous findings. The association between alterations in subcortical volumes and SAD illness progression deserves further investigation, especially from adolescence into adulthood.
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| 27. |
- Gudmundsdottir, Thorgerdur, et al.
(author)
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Cardiovascular disease in Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia: A population-based cohort study of 32,308 one-year survivors
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136. ; 137:5, s. 1176-1186
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease in a large cohort of childhood cancer survivors has not been fully assessed. In a retrospective population-based cohort study predicated on comprehensive national health registers, we identified a cohort of 32,308 one-year survivors of cancer diagnosed before the age of 20 in the five Nordic countries between the start of cancer registration in the 1940s and 1950s to 2008; 211,489 population comparison subjects were selected from national population registers. Study subjects were linked to national hospital registers, and the observed numbers of first hospital admission for cardiovascular disease among survivors were compared with the expected numbers derived from the population comparison cohort. Cardiovascular disease was diagnosed in 2,632 childhood cancer survivors (8.1%), yielding a standardized hospitalization rate ratio (RR) of 2.1 (95% CI 2.0-2.2) and an overall absolute excess risk (AER) of 324 per 100,000 person-years. At the end of follow-up 12% of the survivors were50 years of age and 4.5%60 years of age. Risk estimates were significantly increased throughout life, with an AER of approximate to 500-600 per 100,000 person-years at age40. The highest relative risks were seen for heart failure (RR, 5.2; 95% CI 4.5-5.9), valvular dysfunction (4.6; 3.8-5.5) and cerebrovascular diseases (3.7; 3.4-4.1). Survivors of hepatic tumor, Hodgkin lymphoma and leukemia had the highest overall risks for cardiovascular disease, although each main type of childhood cancer had increased risk with different risk profiles. Nordic childhood cancer survivors are at markedly increased risk for cardiovascular disorders throughout life. These findings indicate the need for preventive interventions and continuous follow-up for this rapidly growing population. What's new? The long-term effects of cancer treatment in childhood cancer survivors can be serious, and more research is needed to fully investigate the relationship between treatment and chronic disease in aging survivors. This retrospective population-based cohort study focused on cardiovascular late effects among childhood cancer survivors in the five Nordic countries. Survivors were found to be at significantly increased risk for cardiovascular disease throughout their lives. Relative risk was highest for heart failure, valvular dysfunction, and cerebrovascular diseases. Overall, survivors had a twofold increased lifetime risk for hospitalization for cardiovascular disease.
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| 28. |
- Gudmundsson, Thorkell E., et al.
(author)
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Methodological aspects of flow cytometry DNA analysis in endometrial carcinoma, with special reference to sampling and reproducibility
- 1996
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In: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 35:8, s. 999-1006
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two adjacent paraffin-embedded sections manifested concordance in ploidy status in 96% of cases (45/47), and the standard deviation (SD) for SPF was 2.7%. Analysis of 'micro-heterogeneity', within a distance of < or = 700 microm, yielded results for concordant ploidy status in 94% of cases, and the SD for SPF was 1.9% (n = 17). Frozen and paraffin-embedded material yielded concordant results for ploidy status in 87% (39/45) of cases, and SPF values were significantly lower (mean difference 1.5%) in the frozen samples. Diagnostic and repeat curettage material yielded concordant results for DNA ploidy status in 85% (40/47) of cases, and no significant difference in mean SPF (12% vs. 11%) was found. Discordant DNA ploidy results were attributable to small differences in the DNA histograms influencing the interpretation of near-diploid, near-tetraploid and small non-diploid cell populations, and the influence of debris on SPF estimation. On the basis of our findings and the practical advantage we recommend paraffin-embedded material from diagnostic curettage for FCM DNA analysis; the results are available sooner and the handling and transportation of tumor samples is more convenient.
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| 29. |
- Gudmundsson, Thorkell E, et al.
(author)
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The prognostic information of DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction may vary with histologic grade in endometrial carcinoma
- 1995
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In: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 34:6, s. 803-812
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction (SPF) were determined by flow cytometry on paraffin-embedded tumor material from 243 patients treated during 1980-1985. Patients with well differentiated and moderately differentiated tumors without solid areas (n = 351) formed a low-risk group (corrected 5-year survival 90%). Twenty-four patients, dead of disease within 5 years, were compared with 52 survivors. The estimated death risk was higher for those with SPF > or = 8.0% compared with those with SPF < 8.0% (odds ratio = 18.2; p < 0.001). SPF was the only independent prognostic factor in a multivariate analysis also including age, clinical stage and grade of differentiation. Patients with moderately differentiated tumors with solid areas or poorly differentiated tumors (n = 208) were regarded as a high-risk group. There was a difference in survival according to ploidy; the corrected 5-year survival was 75% for 106 patients with diploid tumors compared with 44% for those with non-diploid tumors (p < 0.0001). In a multivariate analysis DNA ploidy, age and clinical stage were independent prognostic factors, whereas SPF was no longer significant. Thus, DNA ploidy and SPF have different prognostic values depending on histological grade of endometrial carcinoma.
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| 30. |
- Guerin, S, et al.
(author)
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Radiation dose as a risk factor for malignant melanoma following childhood cancer
- 2003
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In: European Journal of Cancer. - 1879-0852. ; 39:16, s. 2379-2386
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to determine therapy-related risk factors for the development of melanoma after childhood cancer. Among 4401 3-year survivors of a childhood cancer in eight French and British centres and 25 120 patients younger than 20 years old at first malignant neoplasm (FMN) extracted from the Nordic Cancer Registries, 16 patients developed a melanoma as a second malignant neoplasm (SMN). A cohort study of the French and British cohorts was performed. In a nested case-control study, the 16 patients who developed a melanoma as a SMN (cases) were matched with 3-5 controls in their respective cohort according to gender, age at the first cancer, the calendar year of occurrence of the first cancer and follow-up. Radiotherapy appeared to increase the risk of melanoma for local doses > 15 Gy, Odds Ratio (OR)= 13 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.94-174). Regarding chemotherapy, we observed an increased OR for both alkylating agents and spindle inhibitors, OR 2.7 (95% CI: 0.5-14). Children treated for a gonadal tumour as a FMN were found to be at a higher risk of melanoma, OR 8.7 (95% CI: 0.9-86). The adjusted OR for the local radiation dose was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.00-1.15). In conclusion, radiotherapy may contribute to an increased risk of melanoma as a SMN, but only at very high doses of low linear energy transfer radiation. Common genetic origins between gonadal tumours and malignant melanomas are likely. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 31. |
- Gunnlaugsson, Adalsteinn, et al.
(author)
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Multicentre phase I-II trial of capecitabine and oxaliplatin in combination with radiotherapy for unresectable pancreatic and biliary tract cancer: The CORGI-U study
- 2010
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In: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0887 .- 0167-8140. ; 95:3, s. 292-297
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Purpose: In this multicentre phase I-II trial we evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of capecitabine and oxaliplatin followed by the combination of these two drugs with radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced pancreatic or biliary tract cancer. Material and methods: Thirty-nine patients with inextirpable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, gallbladder or extrahepatic bile ducts were included. Two cycles of XELOX (capecitabine 1000 mg/m(2) bid d1-14 + oxaliplatin 130 mg/m(2) d1, q3w) were followed by XELOX-RT (radiotherapy (50.4 Gy), combined with capecitabine 750-675 mg/m(2) bid every radiotherapy day and oxaliplatin 40-30 mg/m(2) once weekly). Primary end-points were tolerance (phase I) and objective response (phase II). Results: The maximum tolerated doses of oxaliplatin and capecitabine to combine with irradiation were 30 mg/m(2) and 675 mg/m(2), respectively. Twenty-one percent (95% CI: 9-38%) of evaluable patients achieved partial response. Five patients went through surgery (three R0 resections). Two-year survival was 28%, and estimated local tumour control rate at 2 years was 72%. The most common grade 3-4 toxicity was nausea and vomiting. Conclusions: XELOX-RT (30 mg/m(2) oxaliplatin/675 mg/m(2) capecitabine in combination with 50.4 Gy/28 fractions) was well tolerated and effective for locally advanced pancreatic and biliary tract cancer. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Radiotherapy and Oncology 95 (2010) 292-297
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| 32. |
- Gunnlaugsson, Adalsteinn, et al.
(author)
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Multicentre phase II trial of capecitabine and oxaliplatin in combination with radiotherapy for unresectable colorectal cancer : The CORGI-L study
- 2009
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In: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 45:5, s. 807-813
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: This study assessed radiotherapy combined with capecitabine and oxaliplatin in patients with primary, inextirpable colorectal adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-nine patients entered the trial. Two cycles of XELOX (capecitabine 1000mg/m(2) bid d1-14+oxaliplatin 130mg/m(2) d1, q3w) were followed by radiotherapy (50.4Gy), combined with capecitabine 825mg/m(2) bid every radiotherapy day and oxaliplatin 60mg/m(2) once weekly. The primary end-point was objective response. RESULTS: Forty-seven patients were evaluable. Twenty-nine (62% [95% CI: 46-75%]) achieved complete or partial response. Thirty-eight (81%) went through surgery of whom 37 (97%) had an R0 resection and five (13%) had a pathological complete response. Seventy-eight percent were alive and estimated local progression rate was 11% at 2 years. The most common grade 3+ toxicity during chemoradiotherapy was diarrhoea (24%). CONCLUSIONS: XELOX-RT was feasible and showed promising efficacy when treating patients with primary inextirpable colorectal cancer, establishing high local control rate.
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| 33. |
- Halvarsson, Britta, et al.
(author)
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Clinicopathologic factors identify sporadic mismatch repair-defective colon cancers.
- 2008
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In: American Journal of Clinical Pathology. - 1943-7722. ; 129:2, s. 238-244
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Identification of sporadic mismatch repair (MMR)-defective colon cancers is increasingly demanded for decisions on adjuvant therapies. We evaluated clinicopathologic factors for the identification of these prognostically favorable tumors. Histopathologic features in 238 consecutive colon cancers were linked to MMR status based on immunostaining and BRAF mutation status.MMR defects were identified in 22.7% of the tumors, with 46 classified as sporadic. When the clinical parameters of age, sex, and proximal tumor location were combined with the morphologic features with the highest relative risks (RRs), eg, mucinous differentiation (RR, 9.0), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (RR, 7.5), absence of necrosis (RR, 7.5), and expanding growth pattern (RR, 5.0) into a 7-factor index, the presence of at least 4 features identified the MMR-defective tumors with 92.3% sensitivity and 75.3% specificity and excluded 61.5% of the tumors from MMR testing. This clinicopathologic index thus successfully selects MMR-defective colon cancers.
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| 34. |
- Hansen, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Long term (13 years) prognosis after primary intracerebral haemorrhage: a prospective population based study of long term mortality, prognostic factors and causes of death.
- 2013
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In: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ. - 1468-330X .- 0022-3050. ; 84:10, s. 1150-1155
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Many studies have focused on short term mortality after primary intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) whereas long term prognosis and causes of death have been less studied. We therefore examined these issues in a population based cohort of 1 year ICH survivors. METHODS: ICH patients in a defined Swedish population (1.14 million inhabitants) were prospectively registered during 1996. Patients surviving 1 year after ICH onset were followed-up regarding survival status and cause of death until December 2009 using data from the National Census Office and the National Cause of Death Register. Patient prognosis was also compared with the general population using official Swedish mortality data. Clinical and radiological prognostic factors were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 323 patients with ICH, 172 (53%) survived after 1 year, 127 (39%) after 5 years and 57 (18%) after 13 years. Mortality of the 172, 1 year survivors (mean age 67.7 years at ICH) persistently exceeded expected mortality; 13 years post ictus survival was only 34% compared with 61% in the general population. Of 115 deaths among the 172, 1 year survivors, 36% were from cerebrovascular disease and 19% from ischaemic heart disease. Independent risk factors for death among 1 year survivors were age (HR 1.08 per year; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.10; p<0.001), diabetes mellitus at baseline (HR 2.10; 95% CI 1.18 to 3.74; p=0.012) and anticoagulant therapy (HR 1.99; 95% CI 1.12 to 3.53; p=0.018) at ICH onset. CONCLUSIONS: One year survivors after ICH had a substantial and persisting excess mortality compared with the general population. Major causes of death were stroke and ischaemic heart disease.
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| 35. |
- Hibar, Derrek P., et al.
(author)
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Novel genetic loci associated with hippocampal volume
- 2017
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The hippocampal formation is a brain structure integrally involved in episodic memory, spatial navigation, cognition and stress responsiveness. Structural abnormalities in hippocampal volume and shape are found in several common neuropsychiatric disorders. To identify the genetic underpinnings of hippocampal structure here we perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 33,536 individuals and discover six independent loci significantly associated with hippocampal volume, four of them novel. Of the novel loci, three lie within genes (ASTN2, DPP4 and MAST4) and one is found 200 kb upstream of SHH. A hippocampal subfield analysis shows that a locus within the MSRB3 gene shows evidence of a localized effect along the dentate gyrus, subiculum, CA1 and fissure. Further, we show that genetic variants associated with decreased hippocampal volume are also associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (r(g) = -0.155). Our findings suggest novel biological pathways through which human genetic variation influences hippocampal volume and risk for neuropsychiatric illness.
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| 36. |
- Hilbert, Kevin, et al.
(author)
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Cortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group.
- 2024
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In: The American Journal of Psychiatry. - 1535-7228.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Specific phobia is a common anxiety disorder, but the literature on associated brain structure alterations exhibits substantial gaps. The ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group examined brain structure differences between individuals with specific phobias and healthy control subjects as well as between the animal and blood-injection-injury (BII) subtypes of specific phobia. Additionally, the authors investigated associations of brain structure with symptom severity and age (youths vs. adults).Data sets from 31 original studies were combined to create a final sample with 1,452 participants with phobia and 2,991 healthy participants (62.7% female; ages 5-90). Imaging processing and quality control were performed using established ENIGMA protocols. Subcortical volumes as well as cortical surface area and thickness were examined in a preregistered analysis.Compared with the healthy control group, the phobia group showed mostly smaller subcortical volumes, mixed surface differences, and larger cortical thickness across a substantial number of regions. The phobia subgroups also showed differences, including, as hypothesized, larger medial orbitofrontal cortex thickness in BII phobia (N=182) compared with animal phobia (N=739). All findings were driven by adult participants; no significant results were observed in children and adolescents.Brain alterations associated with specific phobia exceeded those of other anxiety disorders in comparable analyses in extent and effect size and were not limited to reductions in brain structure. Moreover, phenomenological differences between phobia subgroups were reflected in diverging neural underpinnings, including brain areas related to fear processing and higher cognitive processes. The findings implicate brain structure alterations in specific phobia, although subcortical alterations in particular may also relate to broader internalizing psychopathology.
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| 37. |
- Holmberg, Erik, 1951, et al.
(author)
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The impact of reproductive factors on breast cancer risk--the feasibility of using Swedish population-based registers to account for the effect of confounding in cohort studies.
- 2005
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In: Cancer causes & control : CCC. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 16:3, s. 235-43
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of reproductive factors on breast cancer risk among Swedish women by using nationwide population registers. METHODS: A cohort including all Swedish women born between 1920 and 1959 was followed up to 1997 by record linkage to different population-based registers. More than 4 million children were linked to the women in the cohort and 60,328 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Poisson regression was used to model the breast cancer incidence by risk groups. In a sub-cohort of 18,164 women irradiated for skin hemangioma in infancy, the breast cancer risk was analyzed in relation to radiation dose and accounting for reproductive factors. RESULTS: The relative breast cancer risk (RR) for the reproductive factors was 0.35 [ 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30--0.42] for women with 6 or more children and the first child before the age of 20 years, and RR was 1.11 (95% CI 1.06--1.18) for uniparous women with the first child at age 35 years or older, compared to nulliparous women. The discrepancies of reproductive factors in the hemangioma cohort compared to Swedish women had a minor effect on RR, with a reduction from 1.13 (95%CI 1.00--1.26) to 1.11 (95% CI 0.99--1.25). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the feasibility of using population-based registers to retrieve reliable information on reproductive factors to eliminate its confounding effect when analyzing other risk factors.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Holmberg, L, et al.
(author)
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HABITS (hormonal replacement therapy after breast cancer - is it safe?), a randomised comparison: trial stopped
- 2004
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In: The Lancet. - 1474-547X. ; 363:9407, s. 453-455
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the 1990s, two randomised clinical trials started in Scandinavia addressing whether hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is safe for women with previous breast cancer. We report the findings of the safety analysis in HABITS (hormonal replacement therapy after breast cancer-is it safe?), an open randomised clinical trial with allocation to either HRT or best treatment without hormones. The main endpoint was any new breast cancer event. All analyses were done according to intention-to-treat. Until September, 2003, 434 women were randomised; 345 had at least one follow-up report. After a median follow-up of 2.1 years, 26 women in the HRT group and seven in the non-HRT group had a new breast-cancer event. All women with an event in the HRT group and two of those in the non-HRT group were exposed to HRT and most women had their event when on treatment. We decided that these findings indicated an unacceptable risk for women exposed to HRT in the HABITS trial, and the trial was terminated on Dec 17, 2003.
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| 40. |
- Holmberg, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Mammography casting-type calcification and risk of local recurrence in DCIS: analyses from a randomised study
- 2013
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In: British Journal of Cancer. - : Cancer Research UK. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 108:4, s. 812-819
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: We studied the association between mammographic calcifications and local recurrence in the ipsilateral breast. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods: Case-cohort study within a randomised trial of radiotherapy in breast conservation for ductal cancer in situ of the breast (SweDCIS). We studied mammograms from cases with an ipsilateral breast event (IBE) and from a subcohort randomly sampled at baseline. Lesions were classified as a density without calcifications, architectural distortion, powdery, crushed stone-like or casting-type calcifications. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults: Calcifications representing necrosis were found predominantly in younger women. Women with crushed stone or casting-type microcalcifications had higher histopathological grade and more extensive disease. The relative risk (RR) of a new IBE comparing those with casting-type calcifications to those without calcifications was 2.10 (95% confidence interval (Cl) 0.92-4.80). This risk was confined to in situ recurrences; the RR of an IBE associated with casting-type calcifications on the mammogram adjusted for age and disease extent was 16.4 (95% Cl 2.20-140). less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusion: Mammographic appearance of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast is prognostic for the risk of an in situ IBE and may also be an indicator of responsiveness to RT in younger women.
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| 41. |
- Holmberg, L, et al.
(author)
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Stopping HABITS - Reply
- 2004
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In: The Lancet. - 1474-547X. ; 363:9419, s. 1477-1477
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 42. |
- Holte, H., et al.
(author)
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Dose-densified chemoimmunotherapy followed by systemic central nervous system prophylaxis for younger high-risk diffuse large B-cell/follicular grade 3 lymphoma patients : results of a phase II Nordic Lymphoma Group study
- 2013
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In: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534 .- 1569-8041. ; 24:5, s. 1385-1392
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Many patients with aggressive B-cell lymphomas and high clinical risk score still die of lymphoma after conventional R-CHOP chemoimmunotherapy. We hypothesized that intensified chemoimmunotherapy including systemic central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis improves outcome and reduces the incidence of CNS-related events. Patients and methods: Inclusion criteria were age 18-65 years, primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or grade III follicular lymphoma without clinical signs of CNS disease and negative cerebrospinal fluid cytology, age-adjusted International Prognostic Index 2-3 and WHO performance score 0-3. Treatment consisted of six courses of R-CHOEP-14 followed by a course of high-dose cytarabine and a course of high-dose methotrexate. Primary end point was failure-free survival (FFS) at 3 years. Results: A total of 156 eligible patients with a median age of 54 years (range 20-64) were included. Three toxic deaths were observed. Three-year overall survival (OS) and FFS rates (median observation time 52 months for survivors) were 81% and 65%, respectively. Seven patients experienced CNS relapse, all within 6 months. Conclusions: The results are promising with favorable 3-year OS and FFS rates, a low toxic death rate and a lower than expected number of CNS events. CNS progression might be further reduced by earlier CNS prophylaxis. CinicalTrials.gov.identifier: NCT01502982.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Jerkeman, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Assessment of biological prognostic factors provides clinically relevant information in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-a Nordic Lymphoma Group study.
- 2004
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In: Annals of Hematology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0584 .- 0939-5555. ; 83:7, s. 414-419
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic effects of four biological markers, BCL2, TP53, Ki-67, and P-glycoprotein, and their possible clinical relevance in addition to the international prognostic index (IPI) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A total of 405 patients with aggressive lymphoma, stage II-IV, between 18 and 67 years, were randomized in a trial comparing CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) with MACOP-B (methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin). Of these, 267 cases were classified as DLBCL, with adequate paraffin blocks available in 207 cases, enabling immunohistochemical assessment of the expression of BCL2, TP53, P-glycoprotein, and Ki-67. In a multivariate analysis, stratified for IPI, high BCL2 expression (>10%) low (<60%) expression of Ki-67, and high TP53 protein expression (>75%) were shown to provide additional prognostic information with regard to overall or failure-free survival. We found no association between expression of P-glycoprotein and outcome. Assessment of BCL2 positivity might be introduced as part of the routine investigation in patients with DLBCL, but further studies are necessary to confirm the clinical relevance of Ki-67 and TP53 expression.
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| 46. |
- Jerkeman, Mats, et al.
(author)
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CHOP versus MACOP-B in aggressive lymphoma--a Nordic Lymphoma Group randomised trial
- 1999
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In: Annals of Oncology. - 1569-8041. ; 10:9, s. 1079-1086
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The long-term survival of patients with advanced stage aggressive lymphoma has not improved significantly during the last twenty years. In a randomised trial, the efficacy of MACOP-B, a six-drug weekly chemotherapy regimen, was compared to CHOP, the current standard regimen, in terms of overall and failure-free survival, toxicity and health related quality of life. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Four hundred five patients with aggressive lymphoma, stage II-IV, age 18-67, were randomised to receive either 12 weeks of MACOP-B or 8 courses of CHOP over 24 weeks. Special emphasis was put in the definition of Ann Arbor stage in extranodal disease. A subset of 95 patients also entered a quality of life study, based on the EORTC QLQ-C30. RESULTS: Thirty-one patients were ineligible. Among the remaining 374 patients, the median age was 52 years. According to the age-adjusted International Prognostic Index, 37% were 'high-intermediate' or 'high-risk' patients. No difference could be demonstrated, either in overall survival (60% at five years in the MACOP-B group and 59% in the CHOP group) or in failure-free survival (47% at five years with MACOP-B and 44% with CHOP). In terms of quality of life, physical function and global quality of life were more impaired in patients receiving MACOP-B, who also exhibited more non-haematological toxicity. CONCLUSION: No superiority of MACOP-B compared to CHOP could be demonstrated. CHOP remains the treatment of choice in low-risk patients. At present, intensified or experimental treatment should be reserved for high-risk disease.
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| 47. |
- Kalman, Janos L, et al.
(author)
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Investigating polygenic burden in age at disease onset in bipolar disorder: Findings from an international multicentric study.
- 2019
-
In: Bipolar disorders. - : Wiley. - 1399-5618 .- 1398-5647. ; 21:1, s. 68-75
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bipolar disorder (BD) with early disease onset is associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome and constitutes a clinically and biologically homogenous subgroup within the heterogeneous BD spectrum. Previous studies have found an accumulation of early age at onset (AAO) in BD families and have therefore hypothesized that there is a larger genetic contribution to the early-onset cases than to late onset BD. To investigate the genetic background of this subphenotype, we evaluated whether an increased polygenic burden of BD- and schizophrenia (SCZ)-associated risk variants is associated with an earlier AAO in BD patients.A total of 1995 BD type 1 patients from the Consortium of Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen), PsyCourse and Bonn-Mannheim samples were genotyped and their BD and SCZ polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were calculated using the summary statistics of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium as a training data set. AAO was either separated into onset groups of clinical interest (childhood and adolescence [≤18years] vs adulthood [>18years]) or considered as a continuous measure. The associations between BD- and SCZ-PRSs and AAO were evaluated with regression models.BD- and SCZ-PRSs were not significantly associated with age at disease onset. Results remained the same when analyses were stratified by site of recruitment.The current study is the largest conducted so far to investigate the association between the cumulative BD and SCZ polygenic risk and AAO in BD patients. The reported negative results suggest that such a polygenic influence, if there is any, is not large, and highlight the importance of conducting further, larger scale studies to obtain more information on the genetic architecture of this clinically relevant phenotype.
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| 48. |
- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(author)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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In: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 49. |
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