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1.	Joffrin, E., et al. (author) Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium-tritium operation with the ITER like-wall 2019 In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 59:11 Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D-T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D-T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D-T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme directly contributing to the D-T preparation. This intense preparation includes the review of the physics basis for the D-T operational scenarios, including the fusion power predictions through first principle and integrated modelling, and the impact of isotopes in the operation and physics of D-T plasmas (thermal and particle transport, high confinement mode (H-mode) access, Be and W erosion, fuel recovery, etc). This effort also requires improving several aspects of plasma operation for DTE2, such as real time control schemes, heat load control, disruption avoidance and a mitigation system (including the installation of a new shattered pellet injector), novel ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes (such as the three-ions scheme), new diagnostics (neutron camera and spectrometer, active Alfven eigenmode antennas, neutral gauges, radiation hard imaging systems...) and the calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics at 14 MeV for accurate fusion power measurement. The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D-T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D-T operation of ITER, and it is also foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas.
2.	Collaboration, The PANDA, et al. (author) Feasibility studies of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors at PANDA at FAIR 2016 In: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Publishing Company. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 52:10 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Simulation results for future measurements of electromagnetic proton form factors at P ¯ ANDA (FAIR) within the PandaRoot software framework are reported. The statistical precision with which the proton form factors can be determined is estimated. The signal channel p¯ p→ e+e- is studied on the basis of two different but consistent procedures. The suppression of the main background channel, i.e.p¯ p→ π+π-, is studied. Furthermore, the background versus signal efficiency, statistical and systematical uncertainties on the extracted proton form factors are evaluated using two different procedures. The results are consistent with those of a previous simulation study using an older, simplified framework. However, a slightly better precision is achieved in the PandaRoot study in a large range of momentum transfer, assuming the nominal beam conditions and detector performance.
3.	Barucca, G., et al. (author) The potential of Λ and Ξ- studies with PANDA at FAIR 2021 In: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Nature. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 57:4 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The antiproton experiment PANDA at FAIR is designed to bring hadron physics to a new level in terms of scope, precision and accuracy. In this work, its unique capability for studies of hyperons is outlined. We discuss ground-state hyperons as diagnostic tools to study non-perturbative aspects of the strong interaction, and fundamental symmetries. New simulation studies have been carried out for two benchmark hyperon-antihyperon production channels: p¯ p→ Λ¯ Λ and p¯ p→ Ξ¯ +Ξ-. The results, presented in detail in this paper, show that hyperon-antihyperon pairs from these reactions can be exclusively reconstructed with high efficiency and very low background contamination. In addition, the polarisation and spin correlations have been studied, exploiting the weak, self-analysing decay of hyperons and antihyperons. Two independent approaches to the finite efficiency have been applied and evaluated: one standard multidimensional efficiency correction approach, and one efficiency independent approach. The applicability of the latter was thoroughly evaluated for all channels, beam momenta and observables. The standard method yields good results in all cases, and shows that spin observables can be studied with high precision and accuracy already in the first phase of data taking with PANDA.
4.	Singh, B., et al. (author) Study of doubly strange systems using stored antiprotons 2016 In: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 954, s. 323-340 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Bound nuclear systems with two units of strangeness are still poorly known despite their importance for many strong interaction phenomena. Stored antiprotons beams in the GeV range represent an unparalleled factory for various hyperon-antihyperon pairs. Their outstanding large production probability in antiproton collisions will open the floodgates for a series of new studies of systems which contain two or even more units of strangeness at the PANDA experiment at FAIR. For the first time, high resolution gamma-spectroscopy of doubly strange Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei will be performed, thus complementing measurements of ground state decays of Lambda Lambda-hypernuclei at J-PARC or possible decays of particle unstable hypernuclei in heavy ion reactions. High resolution spectroscopy of multistrange Xi(-) -atoms will be feasible and even the production of Omega(-) -atoms will be within reach. The latter might open the door to the vertical bar S vertical bar = 3 world in strangeness nuclear physics, by the study of the hadronic Omega(-) -nucleus interaction. For the first time it will be possible to study the behavior of Xi(+) in nuclear systems under well controlled conditions.
5.	Barucca, G., et al. (author) Study of excited Ξ baryons with the P¯ ANDA detector 2021 In: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Nature. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 57:4 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The study of baryon excitation spectra provides insight into the inner structure of baryons. So far, most of the world-wide efforts have been directed towards N∗ and Δ spectroscopy. Nevertheless, the study of the double and triple strange baryon spectrum provides independent information to the N∗ and Δ spectra. The future antiproton experiment P¯ANDA will provide direct access to final states containing a Ξ¯ Ξ pair, for which production cross sections up to μb are expected in p¯p reactions. With a luminosity of L= 10 31 cm- 2 s- 1 in the first phase of the experiment, the expected cross sections correspond to a production rate of ∼106events/day. With a nearly 4 π detector acceptance, P¯ANDA will thus be a hyperon factory. In this study, reactions of the type p¯p → Ξ¯ +Ξ∗ - as well as p¯p → Ξ¯ ∗ +Ξ- with various decay modes are investigated. For the exclusive reconstruction of the signal events a full decay tree fit is used, resulting in reconstruction efficiencies between 3 and 5%. This allows high statistics data to be collected within a few weeks of data taking.
6.	Andersson, Per A., et al. (author) Anger and disgust shape judgments of social sanctions across cultures, especially in high individual autonomy societies 2024 In: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Research. - 2045-2322. ; 14:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract When someone violates a social norm, others may think that some sanction would be appropriate. We examine how the experience of emotions like anger and disgust relate to the judged appropriateness of sanctions, in a pre-registered analysis of data from a large-scale study in 56 societies. Across the world, we find that individuals who experience anger and disgust over a norm violation are more likely to endorse confrontation, ostracism and, to a smaller extent, gossip. Moreover, we find that the experience of anger is consistently the strongest predictor of judgments of confrontation, compared to other emotions. Although the link between state-based emotions and judgments may seem universal, its strength varies across countries. Aligned with theoretical predictions, this link is stronger in societies, and among individuals, that place higher value on individual autonomy. Thus, autonomy values may increase the role that emotions play in guiding judgments of social sanctions.
7.	Hageman, S., et al. (author) SCORE2 risk prediction algorithms: new models to estimate 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease in Europe 2021 In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 42:25, s. 2439-2454 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Aims The aim of this study was to develop, validate, and illustrate an updated prediction model (SCORE2) to estimate 10-year fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in individuals without previous CVD or diabetes aged 40-69 years in Europe. Methods and results We derived risk prediction models using individual-participant data from 45 cohorts in 13 countries (677 684 individuals, 30 121 CVD events). We used sex-specific and competing risk-adjusted models, including age, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, and total- and HDL-cholesterol. We defined four risk regions in Europe according to country-specific CVD mortality, recalibrating models to each region using expected incidences and risk factor distributions. Region-specific incidence was estimated using CVD mortality and incidence data on 10 776 466 individuals. For external validation, we analysed data from 25 additional cohorts in 15 European countries (1 133 181 individuals, 43 492 CVD events). After applying the derived risk prediction models to external validation cohorts, C-indices ranged from 0.67 (0.65-0.68) to 0.81 (0.76-0.86). Predicted CVD risk varied several-fold across European regions. For example, the estimated 10-year CVD risk for a 50-year-old smoker, with a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg, total cholesterol of 5.5 mmol/L, and HDL-cholesterol of 1.3 mmol/L, ranged from 5.9% for men in low- risk countries to 14.0% for men in very high-risk countries, and from 4.2% for women in low-risk countries to 13.7% for women in very high-risk countries. Conclusion SCORE2-a new algorithm derived, calibrated, and validated to predict 10-year risk of first-onset CVD in European populations-enhances the identification of individuals at higher risk of developing CVD across Europe.
8.	Zamora, Juan Carlos, et al. (author) Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa 2018 In: IMA Fungus. - : INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 2210-6340 .- 2210-6359. ; 9:1, s. 167-185 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
9.	Fujita, S., et al. (author) Spatial and temporal variability of snow accumulation rate on the East Antarctic ice divide between Dome Fuji and EPICA DML 2011 In: The Cryosphere. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1994-0416 .- 1994-0424. ; 5:4, s. 1057-1081 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract To better understand the spatio-temporal variability of the glaciological environment in Dronning Maud Land (DML), East Antarctica, a 2800-km-long Japanese-Swedish traverse was carried out. The route includes ice divides between two ice-coring sites at Dome Fuji and EPICA DML. We determined the surface mass balance (SMB) averaged over various time scales in the late Holocene based on studies of snow pits and firn cores, in addition to radar data. We find that the large-scale distribution of the SMB depends on the surface elevation and continentality, and that the SMB differs between the windward and leeward sides of ice divides for strong-wind events. We suggest that the SMB is highly influenced by interactions between the large-scale surface topography of ice divides and the wind field of strong-wind events that are often associated with high-precipitation events. Local variations in the SMB are governed by the local surface topography, which is influenced by the bedrock topography. In the eastern part of DML, the accumulation rate in the second half of the 20th century is found to be higher by similar to 15% than averages over longer periods of 722 a or 7.9 ka before AD 2008. A similar increasing trend has been reported for many inland plateau sites in Antarctica with the exception of several sites on the leeward side of the ice divides.
10.	Karyotaki, E., et al. (author) Predictors of treatment dropout in self-guided web-based interventions for depression: an individual patient data meta-analysis 2015 In: Psychological Medicine. - : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 45:13, s. 2717-2726 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background. It is well known that web-based interventions can be effective treatments for depression. However, dropout rates in web-based interventions are typically high, especially in self-guided web-based interventions. Rigorous empirical evidence regarding factors influencing dropout in self-guided web-based interventions is lacking due to small study sample sizes. In this paper we examined predictors of dropout in an individual patient data meta-analysis to gain a better understanding of who may benefit from these interventions. Method. A comprehensive literature search for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychotherapy for adults with depression from 2006 to January 2013 was conducted. Next, we approached authors to collect the primary data of the selected studies. Predictors of dropout, such as socio-demographic, clinical, and intervention characteristics were examined. Results. Data from 2705 participants across ten RCTs of self-guided web-based interventions for depression were analysed. The multivariate analysis indicated that male gender [relative risk (RR) 1.08], lower educational level (primary education, RR 1.26) and co-morbid anxiety symptoms (RR 1.18) significantly increased the risk of dropping out, while for every additional 4 years of age, the risk of dropping out significantly decreased (RR 0.94). Conclusions. Dropout can be predicted by several variables and is not randomly distributed. This knowledge may inform tailoring of online self-help interventions to prevent dropout in identified groups at risk.
11.	Kvitne, K. E., et al. (author) Short- and long-term effects of body weight, calorie restriction and gastric bypass on CYP1A2, CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 activity 2022 In: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 0306-5251 .- 1365-2125. ; 88:9, s. 4121-4133 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Aim Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) may influence drug disposition due to surgery-induced gastrointestinal alterations and/or subsequent weight loss. The objective was to compare short- and long-term effects of RYGB and diet on the metabolic ratios of paraxanthine/caffeine (cytochrome P450 [CYP] 1A2 activity), 5-hydroxyomeprazole/omeprazole (CYP2C19 activity) and losartan/losartan carboxylic acid (CYP2C9 activity), and cross-sectionally compare these CYP-activities with normal-to-overweight controls. Methods This trial included patients with severe obesity preparing for RYGB (n = 40) or diet-induced (n = 41) weight loss, and controls (n = 18). Both weight loss groups underwent a 3-week low-energy diet (<1200 kcal/day, weeks 0-3) followed by a 6-week very-low-energy diet or RYGB (both <800 kcal/day, weeks 3-9). Follow-up time was 2 years, with four pharmacokinetic investigations. Results Mean +/- SD weight loss from baseline was similar in the RYGB-group (13 +/- 2.4%) and the diet group (10.5 +/- 3.9%) at week 9, but differed at year 2 (RYGB -30 +/- 6.9%, diet -3.1 +/- 6.3%). From weeks 0 to 3, mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) CYP2C19 activity similarly increased in both groups (RYGB 43% [16, 55], diet 48% [22, 60]). Mean CYP2C19 activity increased by 30% (2.6, 43) after RYGB (weeks 3-9), but not in the diet-group (between-group difference -0.30 [-0.63, 0.03]). CYP2C19 activity remained elevated in the RYGB group at year 2. Baseline CYP2C19 activity was 2.7-fold higher in controls compared with patients with obesity, whereas no difference was observed in CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 activities. Conclusion Our findings suggest that CYP2C19 activity is lower in patients with obesity and increases following weight loss. This may be clinically relevant for drug dosing. No clinically significant effect on CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 activities was observed.
12.	Andersson, Garbriella, et al. (author) Effects of varying compressive biaxial strain on the hydrogen uptake of thin vanadium (001) layers 1999 In: Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 11:35, s. 6669-6677 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The hydrogen uptake of asymmetric Fe/V (001) superlattices with LFe/LV = 3/16 monolayers and 3/10 monolayers was investigated by resistometric methods. The hydrogen distribution and the enthalpy of solution were simulated using a diffusion model and calculated H-H interaction energies. It was found that the strain state of the V lattice strongly influenced the H-H interaction. The hydrogen-depleted interface region in the V layers was populated at lower concentrations than in previously studied symmetric samples, which implied that the energy difference between interior and interface regions was lowered. The V-H binding energy was found to be up to 60 meV higher than in the symmetric superlattices.
13.	Andersson, Johanna, 1974, et al. (author) Gastrointestinal stromal tumors with KIT exon 11 deletions are associated with poor prognosis 2006 In: Gastroenterology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-5085 .- 1528-0012. ; 130:6, s. 1573-81 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gain-of-function mutations in the KIT receptor tyrosine kinase gene and rare mutations in the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) gene are important events in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) development. Different mutations are reportedly associated with distinctive phenotypes and possibly clinical behavior. We investigated the correlation among mutation type, phenotype, and clinical course in a preimatinib, population-based series of GIST with long-term follow-up. METHODS: Genomic DNA from 177 GIST patients was analyzed for KIT exons 9, 11, 13, and 17 and PDGFRA exons 12 and 18 mutations using denaturating high-performance liquid chromatography and bidirectional sequencing. RESULTS: KIT exon 11 mutations were detected in 101 of 177 GIST (61 deletions, 23 missense mutations, and 17 duplications); wild-type (WT) KIT and PDGFRA were detected in 63; KIT exon 9 and exon 17 mutations in 6 and 1, respectively; and PDGFRA exons 12 and 18 mutations in 3 each. GIST >5 cm vs GIST
14.	Andersson, J. Y., et al. (author) Quantum structure based infrared detector research and development within Acreo's centre of excellence IMAGIC 2010 In: Infrared physics & technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1350-4495 .- 1879-0275. ; 53:4, s. 227-230 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Acreo has a long tradition of working with quantum structure based infrared (IR) detectors and arrays. This includes QWIP (quantum well infrared photodetector), QDIP (quantum dot infrared photodetector), and InAs/GaInSb based photon detectors of different structure and composition. It also covers R&D on uncooled microbolometers. The integrated thermistor material of such detectors is advantageously based on quantum structures that are optimised for high temperature coefficient and low noise. Especially the SiGe material system is preferred due to the compatibility with silicon technology. The R&D work on IR detectors is a prominent part of Acreo's centre of excellence "IMAGIC" on imaging detectors and systems for non-visible wavelengths. IMAGIC is a collaboration between Acreo, several industry partners and universities like the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) and Linkoping University. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
15.	Andersson, Linnea, et al. (author) Storage of Transfusion Platelet Concentrates is Associated with Complement Activation and Reduced Ability of Platelets to Respond to Protease-Activated Receptor-1 and Thromboxane A2 Receptor 2024 In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 25:2 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Platelet activation and the complement system are mutually dependent. Here, we investigated the effects of storage time on complement activation and platelet function in routinely produced platelet concentrates. The platelet concentrates (n = 10) were stored at 22 degrees C for seven days and assessed daily for complement and platelet activation markers. Additionally, platelet function was analyzed in terms of their responsiveness to protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) and thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA(2)R) activation and their capacity to adhere to collagen. Complement activation increased over the storage period for all analyzed markers, including the C1rs/C1-INH complex (fold change (FC) = 1.9; p < 0.001), MASP-1/C1-INH complex (FC = 2.0; p < 0.001), C4c (FC = 1.8, p < 0.001), C3bc (FC = 4.0; p < 0.01), and soluble C5b-9 (FC = 1.7, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the levels of soluble platelet activation markers increased in the concentrates over the seven-day period, including neutrophil-activating peptide-2 (FC = 2.5; p < 0.0001), transforming growth factor beta 1 (FC = 1.9; p < 0.001) and platelet factor 4 (FC = 2.1; p < 0.0001). The ability of platelets to respond to activation, as measured by surface expression of CD62P and CD63, decreased by 19% and 24% (p < 0.05) for PAR-1 and 69-72% (p < 0.05) for TXA(2)R activation, respectively, on Day 7 compared to Day 1. The extent of platelet binding to collagen was not significantly impaired during storage. In conclusion, we demonstrated that complement activation increased during the storage of platelets, and this correlated with increased platelet activation and a reduced ability of the platelets to respond to, primarily, TXA(2)R activation.
16.	Andersson, V., et al. (author) Large-Area Balloon-Borne Polarized Gamma Ray Observer (PoGO) 2005 In: Proceedings of the 22nd Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics at Stanford. ; , s. 736-743 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract We are developing a new balloon-borne instrument (PoGO), to measure polarization of soft gamma rays (30-200 keV) using asymmetry in azimuth angle distribution of Compton scattering. PoGO is designed to detect 10 % polarization in 100mCrab sources in a 6-8 hour observation and bring a new dimension to studies on gamma ray emission/transportation mechanism in pulsars, AGNs, black hole binaries, and neutron star surface. The concept is an adaptation to polarization measurements of well-type phoswich counter consisting of a fast plastic scintillator (the detection part), a slow plastic scintillator (the active collimator) and a BGO scintillator (the bottom anti-counter). PoGO consists of close-packed array of 217 hexagonal well-type phoswich counters and has a narrow field-of-view (~ 5 deg2) to reduce possible source confusion. A prototype instrument has been tested in the polarized soft gamma-ray beams at Advanced Photon Source (ANL) and at Photon Factory (KEK). On the results, the polarization dependence of EGS4 has been validated and that of Geant4 has been corrected.
17.	Björk, Yvonne, et al. (author) Androgens in women after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation : Impact of chronic GvHD and glucocorticoid therapy 2017 In: Bone Marrow Transplantation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0268-3369 .- 1476-5365. ; 52:3, s. 431-437 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Low androgen levels may contribute to sexual dysfunction in women after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). However, data on serum androgens in women after alloHCT are limited. The aim of this study was to assess androgen levels and their association with chronic GvHD (cGvHD) and glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. Included were 65 allografted women, 33 with cGvHD, and 23 of these were on GC therapy. Controls were 94 healthy, age-matched women. Supportive study groups were women after autologous HCT (autoHCT; n=20) and non-transplanted women on GC therapy (n=26). Compared with controls, free testosterone (free T) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels were lower in both the alloHCT group and GC groups; P<0.0001 and P<0.05, respectively. Androgens in the autoHCT group were similar or higher than controls. In the subgroup of alloHCT patients without cGvHD, free T was similar to controls (7.2 vs 8.6 pmol/L; P=0.42), whereas DHEAS levels was lower than controls (1.7 vs 2.5 μmol/L; P=0.008). Compared with controls, cGvHD without GC (n=10) was associated with lower free T and DHEAS; P=0.004 and P=0.0004, respectively). The lowest androgen levels were seen in women with both cGvHD and GC therapy. In conclusion, low serum androgens were associated with cGvHD and GC therapy, prompting for studies assessing a possible association between low androgens and sexual dysfunction and quality of life in allografted women.
18.	Carlbring, Per, et al. (author) Datorstyrda behandlingar: Internet och telefoni 2008 In: <em>Kriminalvården i praktiken: </em>. - : Studentlitteratur AB. Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
19.	Cedervall, Johan, et al. (author) Magnetocaloric effect in Fe2 P: Magnetic and phonon degrees of freedom 2019 In: Physical Review B. - 2469-9969 .- 2469-9950. ; 99:17 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Devices based on magnetocaloric materials provide great hope for environmentally friendly and energy efficient cooling that does not rely on the use of harmful gasses. Fe2P based compounds are alloys that have shown great potential for magnetocaloric devices. The magnetic behavior in Fe2P is characterized by a strong magnetocaloric effect that coexists with a first-order magnetic transition (FOMT). Neutron diffraction and inelastic scattering, Mossbauer spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations have been used to determine the structural and magnetic state of Fe2P around the FOMT. The results reveal that ferromagnetic moments in the ordered phase are perturbed at the FOMT such that the moments cant away from the principle direction within a small temperature region. The acoustic-phonon modes reveal a temperature-dependent nonzero energy gap in the magnetically ordered phase that falls to zero at the FOMT. The interplay between the FOMT and the phonon energy gap indicates hybridization between magnetic modes strongly affected by spin-orbit coupling and phonon modes leading to magnon-phonon quasiparticles that drive the magnetocaloric effect.
20.	Dimakopoulou, Konstantina, et al. (author) Air Pollution and Nonmalignant Respiratory Mortality in 16 Cohorts within the ESCAPE Project 2014 In: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - : American Thoracic Society. - 1073-449X .- 1535-4970. ; 189:6, s. 684-696 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Rationale: Prospective cohort studies have shown that chronic exposure to particulate matter and traffic-related air pollution is associated with reduced survival. However, the effects on nonmalignant respiratory mortality are less studied, and the data reported are less consistent. Objectives: We have investigated the relationship of long-term exposure to air pollution and nonmalignant respiratory mortality in 16 cohorts with individual level data within the multicenter European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). Methods: Data from 16 ongoing cohort studies from Europe were used. The total number of subjects was 307,553. There were 1,559 respiratory deaths during follow-up. Measurements and Main Results: Air pollution exposure was estimated by land use regression models at the baseline residential addresses of study participants and traffic-proximity variables were derived from geographical databases following a standardized procedure within, the ESCAPE study. Cohort-specific hazard ratios obtained by Cox proportional hazard models from standardized individual cohort analyses were combined using metaanalyses. We found no significant associations between air pollution exposure and nonmalignant respiratory mortality. Most hazard ratios were slightly below unity, with the exception of the traffic-proximity indicators. Conclusions: In this study of 16 cohorts, there was no-association between air pollution exposure and nonmalignant respiratory mortality.
21.	Eriksson, D, et al. (author) Extended exome sequencing identifies BACH2 as a novel major risk locus for Addison's disease 2016 In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 286:6, s. 595-608 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BACKGROUND: Autoimmune disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Addison's disease, the adrenal glands are targeted by destructive autoimmunity. Despite being the most common cause of primary adrenal failure, little is known about its aetiology.METHODS: To understand the genetic background of Addison's disease, we utilized the extensively characterized patients of the Swedish Addison Registry. We developed an extended exome capture array comprising a selected set of 1853 genes and their potential regulatory elements, for the purpose of sequencing 479 patients with Addison's disease and 1394 controls.RESULTS: We identified BACH2 (rs62408233-A, OR = 2.01 (1.71-2.37), P = 1.66 × 10(-15) , MAF 0.46/0.29 in cases/controls) as a novel gene associated with Addison's disease development. We also confirmed the previously known associations with the HLA complex.CONCLUSION: Whilst BACH2 has been previously reported to associate with organ-specific autoimmune diseases co-inherited with Addison's disease, we have identified BACH2 as a major risk locus in Addison's disease, independent of concomitant autoimmune diseases. Our results may enable future research towards preventive disease treatment.
22.	Furukawa, Toshi A., et al. (author) Dismantling, optimising, and personalising internet cognitive behavioural therapy for depression : a systematic review and component network meta-analysis using individual data 2021 In: Lancet psychiatry. - London, United Kingdom : Elsevier. - 2215-0374 .- 2215-0366. ; 8:6, s. 500-511 Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract Findings We identified 76 RCTs, including 48 trials contributing individual participant data (11 704 participants) and 28 trials with aggregate data (6474 participants). The participants' weighted mean age was 42.0 years and 12 406 (71%) of 17 521 reported were women. There was suggestive evidence that behavioural activation might be beneficial (iMD -1.83 [95% credible interval (CrI) -2.90 to -0.80]) and that relaxation might be harmful (1.20 [95% CrI 0.17 to 2.27]). Baseline severity emerged as the strongest prognostic factor for endpoint depression. Combining human and automated encouragement reduced dropouts from treatment (incremental odds ratio, 0.32 [95% CrI 0.13 to 0.93]). The risk of bias was low for the randomisation process, missing outcome data, or selection of reported results in most of the included studies, uncertain for deviation from intended interventions, and high for measurement of outcomes. There was moderate to high heterogeneity among the studies and their components. 511
23.	Grechnev, Alexei, et al. (author) H-H interaction and structural phase transition in Ti3SnHx 2002 In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 66:23, s. 235104- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
24.	Hakonen, Aron, 1970, et al. (author) Hand-Held Femtogram Detection of Hazardous Picric Acid with Hydrophobic Ag Nanopillar SERS Substrates and Mechanism of Elasto-Capillarity 2017 In: ACS Sensors. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2379-3694. ; 2:2, s. 198-202 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Picric acid (PA) is a severe environmental and security risk due to its unstab e, toxic, and explosive properties. It is also challenging to detect in trace amounts and in situ because of its highly acidic and anionic character. Here, we assess sensing of PA under nonlaboratory conditions using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) silver nanopillar substrates and handheld Raman spectroscopy equipment. The advancing elasto-capillarity effects are explained by molecular dynamics simulations. We obtain a SERS PA detection limit on the order of 20 ppt, corresponding attomole amounts, which together with the simple analysis methodology demonstrates that the presented approach is highly competitive for ultrasensitive analysis in the field.
25.	Höglund, Linda, 1974-, et al. (author) Performance of Quantum Dots-in-a-Well Infrared Photodetectors : Status and prospects 2007 In: The Nanotech Northern Europe 2007,2007. Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
26.	Höglund, Linda, 1974-, et al. (author) Study of the performance and voltage mediated tuning of the detection wavelength in Quantum Dots-in-a-Well Infrared Photodetectors 2007 In: The 6th International Conference on Low Dimensional Structures and Devices,2007. Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
27.	Höglund, Linda, 1974-, et al. (author) Tunability in the Detection Wavelength of a Quantum Dots-in-a-Well Infrared Photodetector 2008 In: he 5th International Conference on Semiconductor Quantum Dots,2008. Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
28.	Höglund, Linda, 1974-, et al. (author) Tuning of the detection wavelength in Quantum Dots-in-a-Well infrared photodetectors 2007 In: International Conference on Intersubband Transitions in Quantum Wells ITQW07,2007. Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
29.	Karlsson, Fredrik, et al. (author) Polarization Resolved Photoluminescence of Single Quasi-Zero-Dimensional III-Nitride Excitons 2009 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
30.	Krogstad, V., et al. (author) A Comparative Analysis of Cytochrome P450 Activities in Paired Liver and Small Intestinal Samples from Patients with Obesity 2020 In: Drug Metabolism and Disposition. - : American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET). - 0090-9556 .- 1521-009X. ; 48:1, s. 8-17 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The liver and small intestine restrict oral bioavailability of drugs constitute the main sites of
31.	Kvitne, K. E., et al. (author) Correlations between 4 beta-hydroxycholesterol and hepatic and intestinal CYP3A4: protein expression, microsomal ex vivo activity, and in vivo activity in patients with a wide body weight range 2022 In: European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-6970 .- 1432-1041. ; 78:8, s. 1289-1299 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Purpose Variability in cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) metabolism is mainly caused by non-genetic factors, hence providing a need for accurate phenotype biomarkers. Although 4 beta-hydroxycholesterol (4 beta OHC) is a promising endogenous CYP3A4 biomarker, additional investigations are required to evaluate its ability to predict CYP3A4 activity. This study investigated the correlations between 4 beta OHC concentrations and hepatic and intestinal CYP3A4 protein expression and ex vivo microsomal activity in paired liver and jejunum samples, as well as in vivo CYP3A4 phenotyping (midazolam) in patients with a wide body weight range. Methods The patients (n = 96; 78 with obesity and 18 normal or overweight individuals) were included from the COCKTAIL-study (NCT02386917). Plasma samples for analysis of 4 beta OHC and midazolam concentrations, and liver (n = 56) and jejunal (n = 38) biopsies were obtained. The biopsies for determination of CYP3A4 protein concentration and microsomal activity were obtained during gastric bypass or cholecystectomy. In vivo CYP3A4 phenotyping was performed using semi-simultaneous oral (1.5 mg) and intravenous (1.0 mg) midazolam. Results 4 beta OHC concentrations were positively correlated with hepatic microsomal CYP3A4 activity (rho = 0.53, p < 0.001), and hepatic CYP3A4 concentrations (rho = 0.30, p = 0.027), but not with intestinal CYP3A4 concentrations (rho = 0.18, p = 0.28) or intestinal microsomal CYP3A4 activity (rho = 0.15, p = 0.53). 4 beta OHC concentrations correlated weakly with midazolam absolute bioavailability (rho = - 0.23, p = 0.027) and apparent oral clearance (rho = 0.28, p = 0.008), but not with systemic clearance (rho = - 0.03, p = 0.81). Conclusion These findings suggest that 4 beta OHC concentrations reflect hepatic, but not intestinal, CYP3A4 activity. Further studies should investigate the potential value of 4 beta OHC as an endogenous biomarker for individual dose requirements of intravenously administered CYP3A4 substrate drugs.
32.	Kvitne, K. E., et al. (author) Short- and long-term effects of body weight loss following calorie restriction and gastric bypass on CYP3A-activity - a non-randomized three-armed controlled trial 2022 In: Cts-Clinical and Translational Science. - : Wiley. - 1752-8054 .- 1752-8062. ; 15:1, s. 221-233 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract It remains uncertain whether pharmacokinetic changes following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) can be attributed to surgery-induced gastrointestinal alterations per se and/or the subsequent weight loss. The aim was to compare short- and long-term effects of RYGB and calorie restriction on CYP3A-activity, and cross-sectionally compare CYP3A-activity with normal weight to overweight controls using midazolam as probe drug. This three-armed controlled trial included patients with severe obesity preparing for RYGB (n = 41) or diet-induced (n = 41) weight-loss, and controls (n = 18). Both weight-loss groups underwent a 3-week low-energy-diet (<1200 kcal/day) followed by a 6-week very-low-energy-diet or RYGB (both <800 kcal/day). Patients were followed for 2 years, with four pharmacokinetic investigations using semisimultaneous oral and intravenous dosing to determine changes in midazolam absolute bioavailability and clearance, within and between groups. The RYGB and diet groups showed similar weight-loss at week 9 (13 +/- 2.4% vs. 11 +/- 3.6%), but differed substantially after 2 years (-30 +/- 7.0% vs. -3.1 +/- 6.3%). At baseline, mean absolute bioavailability and clearance of midazolam were similar in the RYGB and diet groups, but higher compared with controls. On average, absolute bioavailability was unaltered at week 9, but decreased by 40 +/- 7.5% in the RYGB group and 32 +/- 6.1% in the diet group at year 2 compared with baseline, with no between-group difference. No difference in clearance was observed over time, nor between groups. In conclusion, neither RYGB per se nor weight loss impacted absolute bioavailability or clearance of midazolam short term. Long term, absolute bioavailability was similarly decreased in both groups despite different weight loss, suggesting that the recovered CYP3A-activity is not only dependent on weight-loss through RYGB.
33.	Linnarsson, M K, et al. (author) Precipitate formation in heavily Al-doped 4H-SiC layers 2001 In: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 353-356. ; , s. 583-586, s. 583-586 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Epitaxially grown 4H-SiC structures with several heavily Al doped layers were used. The samples were annealed in Ar atmosphere in a RF-heated furnace between 1500 and 2900 degreesC for 0.5 to 3h. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to measure the aluminum concentration versus,depth as well as the lateral distribution (ion images). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to study the crystallinity and determine phase composition after heat treatment. A solubility limit of 2x10(20) Al/cm(3) at 2000 degreesC is extracted. Ion images of the lateral Al distribution reveal a pronounced dependence on the Al content. Precipitate formation occurs after heat treatment at 1700 - 2000 degreesC when the Al concentration exceeds 2x10(20) cm(-3) and energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM) shows that the precipitates contain Al.
34.	Linusson, Per, et al. (author) Double photoionization of alcohol molecules 2009 In: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 80:3, s. 32516- Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The double valence photoionization spectra of methanol, ethanol, and n-propyl alcohol have been recorded using a time-of-flight photoelectron-photoelectron coincidence technique. The spectra show a well-defined onset followed by broad rounded bands. The lowest vertical double ionization energies have been determined for all molecules and are found to be 32.1, 29.6, and 28.2 eV, respectively. These energies have been applied along with single ionization energies from conventional photoelectron spectra to investigate a recently derived rule of thumb for determination of the lowest double ionization energy in molecules. Many-electron ab initio calculations have been performed on the dicationic ground states in good agreement with the experimental values. For methanol, also excited dicationic states have been calculated up to about 40 eV and used for a detailed interpretation of the experimental spectrum.
35.	Molinaro, Antonio, et al. (author) Imidazole propionate is increased in diabetes and associated with dietary patterns and altered microbial ecology 2020 In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 11:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Microbiota-host-diet interactions contribute to the development of metabolic diseases. Imidazole propionate is a novel microbially produced metabolite from histidine, which impairs glucose metabolism. Here, we show that subjects with prediabetes and diabetes in the MetaCardis cohort from three European countries have elevated serum imidazole propionate levels. Furthermore, imidazole propionate levels were increased in subjects with low bacterial gene richness and Bacteroides 2 enterotype, which have previously been associated with obesity. The Bacteroides 2 enterotype was also associated with increased abundance of the genes involved in imidazole propionate biosynthesis from dietary histidine. Since patients and controls did not differ in their histidine dietary intake, the elevated levels of imidazole propionate in type 2 diabetes likely reflects altered microbial metabolism of histidine, rather than histidine intake per se. Thus the microbiota may contribute to type 2 diabetes by generating imidazole propionate that can modulate host inflammation and metabolism.
36.	Mårtensson, Ulrika, et al. (author) Deletion of the G protein-coupled receptor 30 impairs glucose tolerance, reduces bone growth, increases blood pressure, and eliminates estradiol-stimulated insulin release in female mice. 2009 In: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7170 .- 0013-7227. ; 150:2, s. 687-98 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In vitro studies suggest that the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 30 is a functional estrogen receptor. However, the physiological role of GPR30 in vivo is unknown, and it remains to be determined whether GPR30 is an estrogen receptor also in vivo. To this end, we studied the effects of disrupting the GPR30 gene in female and male mice. Female GPR30((-/-)) mice had hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance, reduced body growth, increased blood pressure, and reduced serum IGF-I levels. The reduced growth correlated with a proportional decrease in skeletal development. The elevated blood pressure was associated with an increased vascular resistance manifested as an increased media to lumen ratio of the resistance arteries. The hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance in vivo were associated with decreased insulin expression and release in vivo and in vitro in isolated pancreatic islets. GPR30 is expressed in islets, and GPR30 deletion abolished estradiol-stimulated insulin release both in vivo in ovariectomized adult mice and in vitro in isolated islets. Our findings show that GPR30 is important for several metabolic functions in female mice, including estradiol-stimulated insulin release.
37.	Nilsson, Anders K., 1982, et al. (author) Acylated monogalactosyl diacylglycerol : prevalence in the plant kingdom and identification of an enzyme catalyzing galactolipid head group acylation in Arabidopsis thaliana 2015 In: The Plant Journal. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0960-7412 .- 1365-313X. ; 84:6, s. 1152-1166 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The lipid phase of the thylakoid membrane is mainly composed of the galactolipids mono-and digalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG and DGDG, respectively). It has been known since the late 1960s that MGDG can be acylated with a third fatty acid to the galactose head group (acyl-MGDG) in plant leaf homogenates. In certain brassicaceous plants like Arabidopsis thaliana, the acyl-MGDG frequently incorporates oxidized fatty acids in the form of the jasmonic acid precursor 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA). In the present study we further investigated the distribution of acylated and OPDA-containing galactolipids in the plant kingdom. While acyl-MGDG was found to be ubiquitous in green tissue of plants ranging from non-vascular plants to angiosperms, OPDA-containing galactolipids were only present in plants from a few genera. A candidate protein responsible for the acyl transfer was identified in Avena sativa (oat) leaf tissue using biochemical fractionation and proteomics. Knockout of the orthologous gene in A. thaliana resulted in an almost total elimination of the ability to form both non-oxidized and OPDA-containing acyl-MGDG. In addition, heterologous expression of the A. thaliana gene in E. coli demonstrated that the protein catalyzed acylation of MGDG. We thus demonstrate that a phylogenetically conserved enzyme is responsible for the accumulation of acyl-MGDG in A. thaliana. The activity of this enzyme in vivo is strongly enhanced by freezing damage and the hypersensitive response.
38.	Niskanen, Johannes, et al. (author) Experimental and theoretical study of core-valence double photoionization of OCS 2010 In: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 82:4, s. 043436- Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract O 1s, C 1s, and S 2p core-valence double ionization electron spectra of the OCS molecule have been obtained experimentally by a time-of-flight photoelectron-photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy technique. In order to analyze and assign the spectral features observed, we present a protocol for computing core-valence ionization energies of such systems. The protocol is based on a restricted active space multiconfigurational self-consistent field (MCSCF) methodology with a freeze-relax procedure to guarantee a correct core-valence state root index without variational collapse. Corrections for extended dynamical correlation and core-core correlation, respectively, are made by multiconfigurational perturbation theory and by uncontracted basis set Moller-Plesset theory. Envisioning applications to larger molecules, a spin-restricted open-shell density functional method is also applied for the lowest core-valence energies. Furthermore, cross sections through a scheme for computing multiatom Auger transitions generating core-valence holes are presented. We find that the procedure outlined is capable of deriving the energy onset of core-valence ionization within a fraction of an eV and that assignments can be made of the most salient spectral features.
39.	Richter, J H, et al. (author) Electronic structure of lithium-doped anatase TiO2 prepared in ultrahigh vacuum 2005 In: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 71:23, s. 1-235418 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Insertion of lithium in anatase TiO2, giving LixTiO2, is performed under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions and studied using synchrotron radiation based electron spectroscopy. Core level photoemission spectra are directly compared to results obtained after electrochemical insertion, illustrating the usefulness of the UHV approach. The growth of a state of mainly Ti 3d character in the band gap is monitored and the amount of charge transferred from Li to the band gap state is quantified. The result that the Ti 3d level is occupied by 0.85 +/- 0.10 electronic charge is in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Binding energy shifts of the core levels suggest that the population of the Ti 3d states does not follow a simple rigid band behavior. It is concluded that the formation of the Li-poor phase (x < 2%) is associated with pinning of the Fermi level to the bottom of the conduction band. The Li-poor phase can therefore be envisaged as related to defects. Changes in the valence photoemission spectrum and O 1s x-ray absorption spectrum are interpreted in terms of a decreased O 2p-Ti 3d interaction upon Li insertion. Shifts in the sample work function are finally found to agree reasonably well with the measured cell voltage for electrochemical Li insertion into a nanoporous anatase film.
40.	Shrestha, Sarita, 1991-, et al. (author) The use of ICD codes to identify IBD subtypes and phenotypes of the Montreal classification in the Swedish National Patient Register 2020 In: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 55:4, s. 430-435 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Introduction: Whether data on International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-codes from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) correctly correspond to subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and phenotypes of the Montreal classification scheme among patients with prevalent disease is unknown. Materials and methods: We obtained information on IBD subtypes and phenotypes from the medical records of 1403 patients with known IBD who underwent biological treatment at ten Swedish hospitals and retrieved information on their IBD-associated diagnostic codes from the NPR. We used previously described algorithms to define IBD subtypes and phenotypes. Finally, we compared these register-generated subtypes and phenotypes with the corresponding information from the medical records and calculated positive predictive values (PPV) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Among patients with clinically confirmed disease and diagnostic listings of IBD in the NPR (N = 1401), the PPV was 97 (96-99)% for Crohn's disease, 98 (97-100)% for ulcerative colitis, and 8 (4-11)% for IBD-unclassified. The overall accuracy for age at diagnosis was 95% (when defined as A1, A2, or A3). Examining the validity of codes representing disease phenotype, the PPV was 36 (32-40)% for colonic Crohn's disease (L2), 61 (56-65)% for non-stricturing/non-penetrating Crohn's disease behaviour (B1) and 83 (78-87)% for perianal disease. Correspondingly, the PPV was 80 (71-89)% for proctitis (E1)/left-sided colitis (E2) in ulcerative colitis. Conclusions: Among people with known IBD, the NPR is a reliable source of data to classify most subtypes of prevalent IBD, even though misclassification commonly occurred in Crohn's disease location and behaviour and also among IBD-unclassified patients.
41.	Sønderby, Ida E., et al. (author) 1q21.1 distal copy number variants are associated with cerebral and cognitive alterations in humans 2021 In: Translational Psychiatry. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2158-3188. ; 11:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Low-frequency 1q21.1 distal deletion and duplication copy number variant (CNV) carriers are predisposed to multiple neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia, autism and intellectual disability. Human carriers display a high prevalence of micro- and macrocephaly in deletion and duplication carriers, respectively. The underlying brain structural diversity remains largely unknown. We systematically called CNVs in 38 cohorts from the large-scale ENIGMA-CNV collaboration and the UK Biobank and identified 28 1q21.1 distal deletion and 22 duplication carriers and 37,088 non-carriers (48% male) derived from 15 distinct magnetic resonance imaging scanner sites. With standardized methods, we compared subcortical and cortical brain measures (all) and cognitive performance (UK Biobank only) between carrier groups also testing for mediation of brain structure on cognition. We identified positive dosage effects of copy number on intracranial volume (ICV) and total cortical surface area, with the largest effects in frontal and cingulate cortices, and negative dosage effects on caudate and hippocampal volumes. The carriers displayed distinct cognitive deficit profiles in cognitive tasks from the UK Biobank with intermediate decreases in duplication carriers and somewhat larger in deletion carriers-the latter potentially mediated by ICV or cortical surface area. These results shed light on pathobiological mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders, by demonstrating gene dose effect on specific brain structures and effect on cognitive function.
42.	Tengberg, Anders, 1962, et al. (author) Intercalibration of benthic flux chambers I. Accuracy of flux measurements and influence of chamber hydrodynamics 2004 In: Progress in Oceanography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0079-6611. ; 60:1, s. 1-28 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The hydrodynamic properties and the capability to measure secliment-water solute fluxes, at assumed steady state conditions, were compared for three radically different benthic chamber designs: the "Microcosm", the "Mississippi" and the "Coteborg" chambers. The hydrodynamic properties were characterized by mounting a PVC bottom in each chamber and measuring mixing time, diffusive boundary layer thickness LDBL thickness) shear velocity (W), and total pressure created by the water mixing. The Microcosm had the most even distribution of DBL thickness and u, but the highest differential pressure at high water mixing rates. The Mississippi chamber had low differential pressures at high u. The Goteborg chamber was in between the two others regarding these properties. DBL thickness and u* were found to correlate according to the following empirical formula: DBL = 76.18(u)(-0.933). Multiple flux incubations with replicates of each of the chamber types were carried out on homogenized, macrofauna-frce sediments in four tanks. The degree of homogeneity was determined by calculating solute fluxes (of oxygen, silicate, phosphate and ammonium) from porewater profiles and by sampling for porosity, organic carbon and meiofauna. All these results, except meiofauna, indicated that there were no significant horizontal variations within the sediment in any of the parallel incubation experiments. The statistical evaluations also suggested that the occasional variations in meiofauna abundance did not have any influence on the measured solute fluxes. Forty-three microelectrode profiles of oxygen in the DBL and porewater were evaluated with four different procedures to calculate diffusive fluxes. The procedure presented by Berg, Risgaard-Petersen and Rysgaard, 1989 [Limnol. Oceanogr. 43, 1500] was found to be superior because of its ability to fit measured profiles accurately, and because it takes into consideration vertical zonation with different oxygen consumption rates in the sediment. During the flux incubations, the mixing in the chambers was replicated ranging from slow mixing to just noticeable sediment resuspension. In the "hydrodynamic characterizations" these mixing rates corresponded to average DBL thickness from 120 to 550 mum, to u from 0.12 to 0.68 cm/s, and to differential pressures from 0-3 Pa. Although not directly transferable, since the incubations were done on a "real" sediment with a rougher surface while in the characterizations a PVC plate simulated the sediments surface, these data give ideas about the prevailing hydrodynamic condition in the chambers during the incubations. The variations in water mixing did not generate statistically significant differences between the chamber types for any of the measured fluxes of oxygen or nutrients. Consequently it can be concluded that, for these non-permeable sediments and so long as appropriate water mixing (within the ranges given above) is maintained, the type of stirring mechanism and chamber design used were not critical for the magnitude of the measured fluxes. The average measured oxygen flux was 11.2 +/- 2.7 (from 40 incubations), while the diffusive flux calculated (from 43 profiles using the Berg et al., 1989 [Limnol. Oceanogr. 43, 1500] procedure) was 11.1 +/- 3.0 mmol m(-2) day(-1). This strongly suggests that accurate oxygen flux measurements were obtained with the three types of benthic chambers used and that the oxygen uptake is diffusive. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
43.	van der Meer, Dennis, et al. (author) Association of Copy Number Variation of the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 Region With Cortical and Subcortical Morphology and Cognition 2020 In: JAMA psychiatry. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6238 .- 2168-622X. ; 77:4, s. 420-430 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Importance: Recurrent microdeletions and duplications in the genomic region 15q11.2 between breakpoints 1 (BP1) and 2 (BP2) are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. These structural variants are present in 0.5% to 1.0% of the population, making 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 the site of the most prevalent known pathogenic copy number variation (CNV). It is unknown to what extent this CNV influences brain structure and affects cognitive abilities.Objective: To determine the association of the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion and duplication CNVs with cortical and subcortical brain morphology and cognitive task performance.Design, Setting, and Participants: In this genetic association study, T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging were combined with genetic data from the ENIGMA-CNV consortium and the UK Biobank, with a replication cohort from Iceland. In total, 203 deletion carriers, 45 247 noncarriers, and 306 duplication carriers were included. Data were collected from August 2015 to April 2019, and data were analyzed from September 2018 to September 2019.Main Outcomes and Measures: The associations of the CNV with global and regional measures of surface area and cortical thickness as well as subcortical volumes were investigated, correcting for age, age2, sex, scanner, and intracranial volume. Additionally, measures of cognitive ability were analyzed in the full UK Biobank cohort.Results: Of 45 756 included individuals, the mean (SD) age was 55.8 (18.3) years, and 23 754 (51.9%) were female. Compared with noncarriers, deletion carriers had a lower surface area (Cohen d = -0.41; SE, 0.08; P = 4.9 × 10-8), thicker cortex (Cohen d = 0.36; SE, 0.07; P = 1.3 × 10-7), and a smaller nucleus accumbens (Cohen d = -0.27; SE, 0.07; P = 7.3 × 10-5). There was also a significant negative dose response on cortical thickness (β = -0.24; SE, 0.05; P = 6.8 × 10-7). Regional cortical analyses showed a localization of the effects to the frontal, cingulate, and parietal lobes. Further, cognitive ability was lower for deletion carriers compared with noncarriers on 5 of 7 tasks.Conclusions and Relevance: These findings, from the largest CNV neuroimaging study to date, provide evidence that 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 structural variation is associated with brain morphology and cognition, with deletion carriers being particularly affected. The pattern of results fits with known molecular functions of genes in the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 region and suggests involvement of these genes in neuronal plasticity. These neurobiological effects likely contribute to the association of this CNV with neurodevelopmental disorders.
44.	Vernmark, K., et al. (author) Working alliance predicts outcome in blended treatment (bCBT) for depression 2017 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Introduction: Blended cognitive behavior therapy (bCBT) is a treatment format that mixes internet-based modules with face-to-face sessions. It has the potential of making internet-based interventions more easily accessible and saving therapist time when delivering treatment for depression. The role of working alliance in this treatment format has not yet been thoroughly investigated. There is therefore a need to explore patient- and therapist rated alliance and the ability to predict change in depression during treatment using measurements of working alliance.Methods: We used ratings of depression and alliance from 73 participants in a study on bCBT for depression (part of the E-COMPARED project). Data were analyzed using growth curve models.Results: Both patient- and therapist rated alliance was high. The main finding was that therapist-rated alliance predicted change in depression scores during treatment.Discussion: Working alliance can be established in bCBT, which is in line with previous research on face-to-face and internet-based treatment for depression. An interesting find was that therapist-rated alliance was of greater importance than patient-rated alliance when predicting change in depression during treatment. These results point towards therapist ratings of alliance being essential when delivering bCBT and conducting research on this method in the future.
45.	Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, et al. (author) The need for a behavioural science focus in research on mental health and mental disorders 2014 In: International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1049-8931 .- 1557-0657. ; 23, s. 28-40 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Psychology as a science offers an enormous diversity of theories, principles, and methodological approaches to understand mental health, abnormal functions and behaviours and mental disorders. A selected overview of the scope, current topics as well as strength and gaps in Psychological Science may help to depict the advances needed to inform future research agendas specifically on mental health and mental disorders. From an integrative psychological perspective, most maladaptive health behaviours and mental disorders can be conceptualized as the result of developmental dysfunctions of psychological functions and processes as well as neurobiological and genetic processes that interact with the environment. The paper presents and discusses an integrative translational model, linking basic and experimental research with clinical research as well as population-based prospective-longitudinal studies. This model provides a conceptual framework to identify how individual vulnerabilities interact with environment over time, and promote critical behaviours that might act as proximal risk factors for ill-health and mental disorders. Within the models framework, such improved knowledge is also expected to better delineate targeted preventive and therapeutic interventions that prevent further escalation in early stages before the full disorder and further complications thereof develop. In contrast to conventional personalized medicine that typically targets individual (genetic) variation of patients who already have developed a disease to improve medical treatment, the proposed framework model, linked to a concerted funding programme of the Science of Behaviour Change, carries the promise of improved diagnosis, treatment and prevention of health-risk behaviour constellations as well as mental disorders.
46.	Wong, Gane Ka-Shu, et al. (author) A genetic variation map for chicken with 2.8 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms. 2004 In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 432:7018, s. 717-22 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
47.	Yasinska, Valentyna, et al. (author) Low levels of endogenous anabolic androgenic steroids in females with severe asthma taking corticosteroids 2023 In: ERJ Open Research. - : European Respiratory Society. - 2312-0541. ; 9:5 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Rationale: Patients with severe asthma are dependent upon treatment with high doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and often also oral corticosteroids (OCS). The extent of endogenous androgenic anabolic steroid (EAAS) suppression in asthma has not previously been described in detail. The objective of the present study was to measure urinary concentrations of EAAS in relation to exogenous corticosteroid exposure.Methods: Urine collected at baseline in the U-BIOPRED (Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease outcomes) study of severe adult asthmatics (SA, n=408) was analysed by quantitative mass spectrometry. Data were compared to that of mild-to-moderate asthmatics (MMA, n=70) and healthy subjects (HC, n=98) from the same study.Measurements and main results: The concentrations of urinary endogenous steroid metabolites were substantially lower in SA than in MMA or HC. These differences were more pronounced in SA patients with detectable urinary OCS metabolites. Their dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) concentrations were <5% of those in HC, and cortisol concentrations were below the detection limit in 75% of females and 82% of males. The concentrations of EAAS in OCS-positive patients, as well as patients on high-dose ICS only, were more suppressed in females than males (p<0.05). Low levels of DHEA were associated with features of more severe disease and were more prevalent in females (p<0.05). The association between low EAAS and corticosteroid treatment was replicated in 289 of the SA patients at follow-up after 12–18 months.Conclusion: The pronounced suppression of endogenous anabolic androgens in females might contribute to sex differences regarding the prevalence of severe asthma.
48.	Ångström, Jonas, et al. (author) Hydrogenation-Induced Structure and Property Changes in the Rare-Earth Metal Gallide NdGa : Evolution of a [GaH](2-) Polyanion Containing Peierls-like Ga-H Chains 2016 In: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 55:1, s. 345-352 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The hydride NdGaH1+x (x approximate to 0.66) and its deuterized analogue were obtained by sintering the Zintl phase NdGa with the CrB structure in a hydrogen atmosphere at pressures of 10-20 bar and temperatures near 300 degrees C. The system NdGa/NdGaH1+x exhibits reversible H storage capability. H uptake and release were investigated by kinetic absorption measurements and thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, which showed a maximum H concentration corresponding to "NdGaH2" (0.93 wt % H) and a two-step desorption process, respectively. The crystal structure of NdGaH1+x was characterized by neutron diffraction (P2(1)/m, a = 4.1103(7), b = 4.1662(7), c = 6.464(1) angstrom, beta = 108.61(1)degrees Z = 2). H incorporates in NdGa by occupying two distinct positions, H1 and H2. HI is coordinated in a tetrahedral fashion by Nd atoms. The H2 position displays flexible occupancy, and H2 atoms attain a trigonal bipyramidal coordination by centering a triangle of Nd atoms and bridging two Ga atoms. The phase stability and electronic structure of NdGaH1+x, were analyzed by first-principles DFT calculations. NdGaH1H2 (NdGaH2) may be expressed as Nd3+(H1(-)[GaH2](2-). The two-dimensional polyanion [GaH](2-) features linear -H-Ga-H-Ga- chains with alternating short (1.8 A) and long (2.4 angstrom) Ga-H distances, which resembles a Peierls distortion. H2 deficiency (x < 1) results in the fragmentation of chains. For x = 0.66 arrangements with five-atom moieties, Ga-H-Ga-H-Ga are energetically most favorable. From magnetic measurements, the Curie-Weiss constant and effective magnetic moment of NdGaH1.66 were obtained. The former indicates antiferromagnetic interactions, and the latter attains a value of similar to 3.6 mu(B), which is typical for compounds containing Nd3 ions.
49.	Abdulla, Maysaa, et al. (author) Cell-of-origin determined by both gene expression profiling and immunohistochemistry is the strongest predictor of survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 2020 In: American Journal of Hematology. - : Wiley. - 0361-8609 .- 1096-8652. ; 95:1, s. 57-67 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The tumor cells in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) are considered to originate from germinal center derived B-cells (GCB) or activated B-cells (ABC). Gene expression profiling (GEP) is preferably used to determine the cell of origin (COO). However, GEP is not widely applied in clinical practice and consequently, several algorithms based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) have been developed. Our aim was to evaluate the concordance of COO assignment between the Lymph2Cx GEP assay and the IHC-based Hans algorithm, to decide which model is the best survival predictor. Both GEP and IHC were performed in 359 homogenously treated Swedish and Danish DLBCL patients, in a retrospective multicenter cohort. The overall concordance between GEP and IHC algorithm was 72%; GEP classified 85% of cases assigned as GCB by IHC, as GCB, while 58% classified as non-GCB by IHC, were categorized as ABC by GEP. There were significant survival differences (overall survival and progression-free survival) if cases were classified by GEP, whereas if cases were categorized by IHC only progression-free survival differed significantly. Importantly, patients assigned as non-GCB/ABC both by IHC and GEP had the worst prognosis, which was also significant in multivariate analyses. Double expression of MYC and BCL2 was more common in ABC cases and was associated with a dismal outcome. In conclusion, to determine COO both by IHC and GEP is the strongest outcome predictor to identify DLBCL patients with the worst outcome.
50.	Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al. (author) Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries 2016 In: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.

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