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- Anne, R., et al.
(author)
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Dissociation Reactions of the Be-11 One-Neutron Halo - the Interplay between Structure and Reaction-Mechanism
- 1993
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In: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - 0370-2693. ; 304:1-2, s. 55-59
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The angular distributions of the forward neutrons in the exclusive (Be-10 + n) channel have been measured. They can be accounted for quantitatively and without free parameters in terms of Coulomb and diffraction dissociation. The results show that the transverse momentum distributions result from an interplay between the tail of the wave function (the halo) and the reaction mechanism.
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- Bonnert, M., et al.
(author)
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Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with functional gastrointestinal disorders - An open trial
- 2014
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In: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-7829. ; 1:3, s. 141-148
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), including irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia and functional abdominal pain, are common in adolescents and are associated with substantially decreased quality of life. Cognitive behavior therapy for children and adolescents with FGID is one of few treatments that have shown effect, but treatment access is limited. In adults with irritable bowel syndrome, exposure-based internet-delivered CBT (ICBT) leads to reduced symptoms and increased quality of life, but studies in children are lacking. This open pilot aimed to evaluate feasibility and the potential efficacy of an exposure-based ICBT-program for adolescents with pain-predominant FGID. Twenty-nine adolescents (age 13-17), with FGID were included. The ICBT-program lasted for 8. weeks with weekly online therapist support. The protocol for adolescents included exposure to abdominal symptoms, while the protocol for parents aimed at increasing parents' attention to adolescent healthy behaviors. Assessment points were baseline, post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale-IBS (GSRS-IBS). Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen's d in an intent to treat analysis. GSRS-IBS improved significantly from baseline to post-treatment (mean difference 6.48; 95% CI [2.37-10.58]) and to follow-up (mean difference 7.82; 95% CI [3.43-12.21]), corresponding to moderate effect sizes (within-group Cohen's d= 0.50; 95% CI [0.16-0.84] and d= 0.63; 95% CI [0.24-1.02], respectively). Treatment adherence was high with 22 of 29 (76%) adolescents completing the entire treatment period. High adherence indicates acceptability of format and content, while symptomatic improvement suggests potential efficacy for this ICBT intervention in adolescents with FGID. © 2014.
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- Forner, L. E., et al.
(author)
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Hyperbaric oxygen treatment of mandibular osteoradionecrosis: Combined data from the two randomized clinical trials DAHANCA-21 and NWHHT2009-1
- 2022
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In: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8140. ; 166, s. 137-144
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible is a serious complication of head and neck radiotherapy. This study aims to investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment on ORN in two randomized, controlled multicentre trials. Methods and materials: Patients with ORN with indication for surgical treatment were randomised to either group 1: surgical removal of necrotic mandibular bone supplemented by 30 pre- and 10 postoperative HBO exposures at 243 kPa for 90 min each, or group 2: surgical removal of necrotic bone only. Primary outcome was healing of ORN one year after surgery evaluated by a clinically adjusted version of the Common Toxicity Criteria of Adverse Events (CTCAE) v 3.0. Secondary outcomes included xerostomia, unstimulated and stimulated whole salivation rates, trismus, dysphagia, pain, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and quality of life according to EORTC. Data were combined from two separate trials. Ninety-seven were enrolled and 65 were eligible for the intent-to-treat analysis. The 33% drop-out was equally distributed between groups. Results: In group 1, 70% (21/30) healed compared to 51% (18/35) in group 2. HBO was associated with an increased chance of healing independent of baseline ORN grade or smoking status as well as improved xerostomia, unstimulated whole salivary flow rate, and dysphagia. Due to insufficient recruitment, none of the endpoints reached a statistically significant difference between groups. ADL data could only be obtained from 50 patients. Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen did not significantly improve the healing outcome of osteoradionecrosis after surgical removal of necrotic bone as compared to standard care (70% vs. 51%). This effect is not statistically significant due to the fact that the study was underpowered and is therefore prone to type II error. © 2021 The Authors
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- Karlson, Olof, 1996, et al.
(author)
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Intestinal gluconeogenesis is downregulated in pediatric patients with celiac disease
- 2022
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In: Bmc Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1741-7015. ; 20:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Untreated celiac disease (CD) patients have increased levels of blood glutamine and a lower duodenal expression of glutaminase (GLS). Intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN) is a process through which glutamine is turned into glucose in the small intestine, for which GLS is crucial. Animal studies suggest impaired IGN may have long-term effects on metabolic control and be associated with the development of type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to thoroughly investigate IGN at the gene expression level in children with untreated celiac disease. Methods Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to quantify the expression of 11 target genes related to IGN using the delta-delta Ct method with three reference genes (GUSB, IPO8, and YWHAZ) in duodenal biopsies collected from 84 children with untreated celiac disease and 58 disease controls. Results Significantly lower expression of nine target genes involved in IGN was seen in duodenal biopsies from CD patients compared with controls: FBP1, G6PC, GLS, GPT1, PCK1, PPARGC1A, SLC2A2, SLC5A1, and SLC6A19. No significant difference in the expression was observed for G6PC3 or GOT1. Conclusions Children with untreated celiac disease have lower expression of genes important for IGN. Further studies are warranted to disentangle whether this is a consequence of intestinal inflammation or due to an impaired metabolic pathway shared with other chronic metabolic diseases. Impaired IGN could be a mechanism behind the increased risk of NAFLD seen in CD patients.
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- Andersson, B, et al.
(author)
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Ökad fysisk aktivitet viktigt för att bromsa sjukfrånvaron
- 2015
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In: Dagens nyheter, DN.
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Försäkringskassans rapport (DN Debatt 27/11 2015) visar att sjukfrånvaron fortsätter att öka och lovar att kraftsamla i sjukförsäkringshandläggningen. Men, precis som Försäkringskassan skriver, kommer det inte att räcka för att nå regeringens mål. Regeringens åtgärdsprograms program i sju punkter för att minska sjukfrånvaron saknar en viktig komponent. Det måste kompletteras med fysisk aktivitet som ett åttonde område för att trenden ska kunna brytas, skriver 13 debattörer.
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- Brink, Magnus, 1960, et al.
(author)
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A series of severe necrotising soft-tissue infections in a regional centre in Sweden
- 2014
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In: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172. ; 58:7, s. 882-890
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Necrotising soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) are rare conditions with high morbidity and mortality. Patients with NSTIs are often transferred to tertiary hospitals, but the question of whether the potential benefits of highly specialised care outweigh the risks associated with inter-hospital transfers has been raised. Methods: Prospective study including all patients with NSTIs treated at the intensive care unit at Sahlgrenska University Hospital/East between January 2008 and December 2011. Results: Twenty-nine patients with NSTIs were identified. Their median age was 54 years and 69% were men. Major co-morbidities were present in 45%. Seventeen patients (59%) were referred from other hospitals. Only 33% of the patients were correctly diagnosed or suspected of having NSTIs in the emergency department. Group A Streptococcus was the most common microbiological finding (41%), followed by Enterobacteriaceae (17%). The median time from hospitalisation to the first dose of antibiotics was 6 h and the median time to primary surgery was 16 h. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was given to 86%, and intravenous immunoglobulin was given in 52% of the cases. The 30-day mortality was 14% (4/29). The times to the first dose of antibiotics, intensive care unit admission and primary surgery did not differ between transferred and directly admitted patients, and there was no difference in outcome between the groups. Conclusions: Patients with NSTIs develop severe local and systemic symptoms and require extremely resource-demanding hospitalisation. Inter-hospital transfer was not associated with a delay in key interventions and could not be identified as a risk factor for adverse outcome.
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- Hagey, DW, et al.
(author)
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Myeloid cells from Langerhans cell histiocytosis patients exhibit increased vesicle trafficking and an altered secretome capable of activating NK cells
- 2023
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In: Haematologica. - : Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica). - 1592-8721 .- 0390-6078. ; 108:9, s. 2422-2434
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory myeloid neoplasia linked to paediatric neurodegeneration, whereby transformed LCH cells form agglomerated lesions in various organs. Although MAP-kinase pathway mutations have been identified in LCH cells, the functional consequences of these mutations and the mechanisms that cause the pathogenic behaviour of LCH cells are not well understood. In our study, we used an in vitro differentiation system and RNA-sequencing to compare monocyte-derived dendritic cells from LCH patients to those derived from healthy controls or patients with Crohn’s disease, a non-histiocytic inflammatory disease. We observed that Interferon-γ treatment exacerbated intrinsic differences between LCH patient and control cells, including strikingly increased endoand exocytosis gene activity in LCH patients. We validated these transcriptional patterns in lesions and functionally confirmed that LCH cells exhibited increased endo- and exocytosis. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing of extracellular vesicles (EV) revealed the enrichment of pathological transcripts involved in cell adhesion, MAP-kinase pathway, vesicle trafficking and T-cell activation in LCH patients. Thus, we tested the effect of the LCH secretome on lymphocyte activity and found significant activation of NK cells. These findings implicate EVs in the pathology of LCH for the first time, in line with their established roles in the formation of various other tumour niches. Thus, we describe novel traits of LCH patient cells and suggest a pathogenic mechanism of potential therapeutic and diagnostic importance.
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| 47. |
- Hagey, DW, et al.
(author)
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Myeloid cells from Langerhans cell histiocytosis patients exhibit increased vesicle trafficking and an altered secretome capable of activating NK cells
- 2023
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In: Haematologica. - : Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica). - 1592-8721 .- 0390-6078. ; 108:9, s. 2422-2434
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory myeloid neoplasia linked to paediatric neurodegeneration, whereby transformed LCH cells form agglomerated lesions in various organs. Although MAP-kinase pathway mutations have been identified in LCH cells, the functional consequences of these mutations and the mechanisms that cause the pathogenic behaviour of LCH cells are not well understood. In our study, we used an in vitro differentiation system and RNA-sequencing to compare monocyte-derived dendritic cells from LCH patients to those derived from healthy controls or patients with Crohn’s disease, a non-histiocytic inflammatory disease. We observed that Interferon-γ treatment exacerbated intrinsic differences between LCH patient and control cells, including strikingly increased endoand exocytosis gene activity in LCH patients. We validated these transcriptional patterns in lesions and functionally confirmed that LCH cells exhibited increased endo- and exocytosis. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing of extracellular vesicles (EV) revealed the enrichment of pathological transcripts involved in cell adhesion, MAP-kinase pathway, vesicle trafficking and T-cell activation in LCH patients. Thus, we tested the effect of the LCH secretome on lymphocyte activity and found significant activation of NK cells. These findings implicate EVs in the pathology of LCH for the first time, in line with their established roles in the formation of various other tumour niches. Thus, we describe novel traits of LCH patient cells and suggest a pathogenic mechanism of potential therapeutic and diagnostic importance.
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- Kvedaraite, E, et al.
(author)
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Notch-dependent cooperativity between myeloid lineages promotes Langerhans cell histiocytosis pathology
- 2022
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In: Science immunology. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2470-9468. ; 7:78, s. eadd3330-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a potentially fatal neoplasm characterized by the aberrant differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes, driven by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation. LCH cells may trigger destructive pathology yet remain in a precarious state finely balanced between apoptosis and survival, supported by a unique inflammatory milieu. The interactions that maintain this state are not well known and may offer targets for intervention. Here, we used single-cell RNA-seq and protein analysis to dissect LCH lesions, assessing LCH cell heterogeneity and comparing LCH cells with normal mononuclear phagocytes within lesions. We found LCH discriminatory signatures pointing to senescence and escape from tumor immune surveillance. We also uncovered two major lineages of LCH with DC2- and DC3/monocyte-like phenotypes and validated them in multiple pathological tissue sites by high-content imaging. Receptor-ligand analyses and lineage tracing in vitro revealed Notch-dependent cooperativity between DC2 and DC3/monocyte lineages during expression of the pathognomonic LCH program. Our results present a convergent dual origin model of LCH with MAPK pathway activation occurring before fate commitment to DC2 and DC3/monocyte lineages and Notch-dependent cooperativity between lineages driving the development of LCH cells.
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