| 1. |
- Testa, Italo, et al.
(author)
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A Physical Model of Stiff Strings
- 1997
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In: Proc. of the Institute of Acoustics - Internat. Symp. on Music and Acoustics (ISMA ‘97). ; 19, s. 219-224
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 2. |
- Anckarsäter, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(author)
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Mental disorder is a cause of crime: The cornerstone of forensic psychiatry
- 2009
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In: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-2527 .- 1873-6386. ; 32:6, s. 342-347
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The assumption that mental disorder is a cause of crime is the foundation of forensic psychiatry, but conceptual. epistemological. and empirical analyses show that neither mental nor crime, or the causation implied, are clear-cut concepts. "Mental" denotes heterogeneous aspects of a per-son such as inner experiences. cognitive abilities, and behaviour patterns described in a non-physical vocabulary. In psychology and psychiatry, mental describes law-bound, caused aspects of human functioning that are predictable and generalizable. Problems defined as mental disorders are end-points of dimensional inter-individual differences rather than natural categories. Deficits in cognitive faculties, such as attention, verbal understanding, impulse control, and reality assessment, may be susceptibility factors that relate to behaviours (Such as crimes) by increasing the probability (risk) for a negative behaviour or constitute causes in the sense of INUS conditions (insufficient but Non-redundant parts of Unnecessary but Sufficient conditions). Attributing causes to complex behaviours such as crimes is not an unbiased process, and mental disorders will attract disproportionate attention when it comes to explanations of behaviours that we wish to distance ourselves from. Only by rigorous interpretation of what psychiatry actually can inform us about, using empirical analyses of quantified aggressive antisocial behaviours and their possible explanatory factors, can we gain a clearer notion of the relationship between mental disorder and crime. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Babaheidari, Said Morad, 1964-
(author)
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Evaluating Information Systems by using interpretive evaluation approaches and models
- 2009
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- As information systems/technologies (IS/IT) become embedded in organizations, these systems cannot be isolated from important issues such as human intellect, culture, philosophy, politics and socio-organizational changes. Limited business resources on one hand and the various concerns and demands from different stakeholders on the other hand have led to an ever-growing need to evaluate IS/IT investments. In other words, due to the heavy rise of IS/IT costs IS/IT investments must be justified. Evaluation of IS/IT investments is generally taken to mean the identification and the measurement of capital expenditures spent on and the initial anticipated revenues gained from the deployments of these systems (IS/IT). One of the main fundamental characteristics of interpretive approach (IA) is to highlight and facilitate evaluation as an interactive learning process. Interpretive approach concentrates on the lifecycle perspective of IS/IT investments argued to be a complex managerial issue. It is crucial to notice that stakeholders, their claims, concerns and issues are at the core of IEA.
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| 4. |
- Bertram, Michael
(author)
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Antidepressant exposure causes a nonmonotonic reduction in anxiety-related behaviour in female mosquitofish
- 2020
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In: Journal of hazardous materials letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-9110. ; 1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Worldwide, biologically active pharmaceuticals, such as psychoactive drugs, are routinely detected in aquatic ecosystems. In this regard, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a class of antidepressant, are of major environmental concern. Through targeted action on evolutionarily conserved physiological pathways, SSRIs could alter ecologically important behaviours in exposed organisms. Here, using two field-realistic dosages (measured concentrations: 18 and 215 ng/L) of the SSRI fluoxetine (Prozac), we examined the effects of exposure on anxiety-related behaviours in wild-caught female mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki. Anxiety-related behaviour was assessed using a light/dark transition test, with the swimming activity of fish recorded under two alternating light conditions, complete darkness and bright light, with the shift in light condition used to induce an anxiety-like response. Fluoxetine exposure resulted in a nonmonotonic decrease in anxiety-related behaviour (i.e. nonlinear with dose), with fish in the low-fluoxetine treatment being less responsive to shifts in light condition compared to unexposed fish. There was no such difference between unexposed and high-exposed fish. Further, we detected a significant interaction between exposure treatment and fish weight on general swimming activity, suggesting the presence of a mass-specific effect of fluoxetine. More broadly, contaminant-induced disruption of animal behaviour—as documented here—could have wide-reaching effects on population-level fitness.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Broman, Elias, et al.
(author)
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Active DNRA and denitrification in oxic hypereutrophic waters
- 2021
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In: Water Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1354 .- 1879-2448. ; 194
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Since the start of synthetic fertilizer production more than a hundred years ago, the coastal ocean has been exposed to increasing nutrient loading, which has led to eutrophication and extensive algal blooms. Such hypereutrophic waters might harbor anaerobic nitrogen (N) cycling processes due to low-oxygen mi- croniches associated with abundant organic particles, but studies on nitrate reduction in coastal pelagic environments are scarce. Here, we report on 15 N isotope-labeling experiments, metagenome, and RT-qPCR data from a large hypereutrophic lagoon indicating that dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and denitrification were active processes, even though the bulk water was fully oxygenated ( > 224 μM O 2 ). DNRA in the bottom water corresponded to 83% of whole-ecosystem DNRA (water + sedi- ment), while denitrification was predominant in the sediment. Microbial taxa important for DNRA accord- ing to the metagenomic data were dominated by Bacteroidetes (genus Parabacteroides ) and Proteobac- teria (genus Wolinella ), while denitrification was mainly associated with proteobacterial genera Pseu- domonas, Achromobacter , and Brucella . The metagenomic and microscopy data suggest that these anaero- bic processes were likely occurring in low-oxygen microniches related to extensive growth of filamentous cyanobacteria, including diazotrophic Dolichospermum and non-diazotrophic Planktothrix . By summing the total nitrate fluxes through DNRA and denitrification, it results that DNRA retains approximately one fifth (19%) of the fixed N that goes through the nitrate pool. This is noteworthy as DNRA represents thus a very important recycling mechanism for fixed N, which sustains algal proliferation and leads to further enhancement of eutrophication in these endangered ecosystems.
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| 7. |
- Danielsson, Nils Anders, 1979
(author)
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Functional Program Correctness Through Types
- 2007
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis addresses the problem of avoiding errors in functionalprograms. The thesis has three parts, discussing different aspects ofprogram correctness, with the unifying theme that types are anintegral part of the methods used to establish correctness.The first part validates a common, but not obviously correct, methodfor reasoning about functional programs. In this method, dubbed "fastand loose reasoning", programs written in a language withnon-terminating functions are treated as if they were written in atotal language. It is shown that fast and loose reasoning is soundwhen the programs are written in a given total subset of the language,and the resulting properties are translated back to the partialsetting using certain partial equivalence relations which capture theconcept of totality.The second part discusses a method for ensuring that functions meetspecified time bounds. The method is aimed at implementations ofpurely functional data structures, which often make essential use oflazy evaluation to ensure good time complexity in the presence ofpersistence. The associated complexity analyses are often complicatedand hence error-prone, but by annotating the type of every functionwith its time complexity, using an annotated monad to combine timecomplexities of subexpressions, it is ensured that no details areforgotten.The last part of the thesis is a case study in programming with stronginvariants enforced by the type system. A dependently typed objectlanguage is represented in the meta language, which is alsodependently typed, in such a way that it is impossible to formill-typed terms. An interpreter is then implemented for the objectlanguage by using normalisation by evaluation. By virtue of the strongtypes used this implementation is a proof that every term has a normalform, and hence normalisation is proved. This also seems to be thefirst formal account of normalisation by evaluation for a dependentlytyped language.
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| 8. |
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