| 1. |
- Bergqvist, Agneta, et al.
(author)
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Late symptoms after pregnancy-related deep vein thrombosis
- 1990
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In: British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. - : Wiley. - 1365-215X .- 1470-0328 .- 1471-0528. ; 97:4, s. 338-341
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thromboembolism during pregnancy is a rare complication with a potential fatal outcome. Very little is known about long-term effects and therefore 104 women with thrombosis during pregnancy or puerperium were identified and their subjective complaints were assessed in a questionnaire. All had their thrombosis diagnosed by objective methods and the median follow-up time was 11 years. In spite of anticoagulant treatment only 22% were without complaints; 4% had ulceration, all occurring in the group with thrombosis during pregnancy. Significantly more women who had had their thrombosis during pregnancy used compression bandages than those who had their thrombosis during puerperium. The severity of the symptoms increased with the increasing number of thromboses. Anticoagulant therapy of the acute episode does not appear to alter the degree of long-term handicap in the lower limbs.
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| 2. |
- Sundkvist, Göran, et al.
(author)
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Islet cell antibody reactivity with human fetal pancreatic islets
- 1991
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In: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - 0168-8227. ; 14:1, s. 1-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To evaluate the possibility of autoimmune processes against pancreatic islets in fetal life, we tested islet cell antibody (ICA) reactivity with 14 fetal pancreata obtained after abortion at the 15th up to the 19th week of gestation. Pancreatic islets positive for a monoclonal proinsulin antibody but non-reactive with ICA negative control serum were found in 9 14 pancreata and all ( 9 9) of them showed a positive reaction with the ICA standard. It is concluded that ICA reactivity may be detected in fetal human pancreata. Further studies on fetal islet cell antibody reactivity in the development of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are warranted.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Blomgren, Lena, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Changes in superficial and perforating vein reflux after varicose vein surgery
- 2005
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In: Journal of Vascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0741-5214 .- 1097-6809. ; 42:2, s. 315-320
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:This prospective duplex study was conducted to study the effect of current surgical treatment for primary varicose veins on the development of venous insufficiency < or = 2 years after varicose vein surgery.METHODS:The patients were part of a randomized controlled study where surgery for primary varicose veins was planned from a clinical examination alone or with the addition of preoperative duplex scanning. Postoperative duplex scanning was done at 2 months and 2 years.RESULTS:Operations were done on 293 patients (343 legs), 74% of whom were women. The mean age was 47 years. In 126 legs, duplex scanning was done preoperatively, at 2 months and 2 years, and at 2 months and 2 years in 251 legs. Preoperative perforating vein incompetence (PVI) was present in 64 of 126 legs. Perforator ligation was not done on 42 of these; at 2 months, 23 of these legs (55%) had no PVI, and at 2 years, 25 legs (60%) had no PVI. Sixty-one legs had no PVI preoperatively, 5 (8%) had PVI at 2 months, and 11 (18%) had PVI at 2 years. In the group of 251 legs, reversal of PVI between 2 months and 2 years was found in 28 (41%) of 68 and was more common than new PVI, which occurred in 41 (22%) of 183 (P = .003). After 2 years, the number of legs without venous incompetence in which perforator surgery was not performed was 11 (26%) of 42 legs with preoperative PVI and 18 (30%) of 61 legs without preoperative PVI, (P = .713). After 2 years, new vessel formation was more common in the surgically obliterated saphenopopliteal junction (SPJ), 4 (40%) of 10, than in the saphenofemoral junction (SFJ), 17 (11%) of 151(P = .027), and new incompetence in a previously normal junction was more common in the SFJ, 11 (18%) of 63, than in the SPJ, 3 (1%) of 226 (P < .001). Reflux in the great saphenous vein (GSV) below the knee was abolished after stripping above the knee in 17 (34%) of 50 legs at 2 months and in 22 legs (44%) after 2 years.CONCLUSIONS:Varicose vein surgery induces changes in the remaining venous segments of the legs that continue for several months. In most patients, perforators and the GSV below the knee can be ignored at the primary surgery. A substantial number of recurrences in the SFJ and SPJ are unavoidable with present surgical knowledge because they stem from new vessel formation and progression of disease.
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| 5. |
- Demirer, S., et al.
(author)
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Haemostasis in patients with Behcet's disease
- 2000
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In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 19:6, s. 570-574
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: to determine whether Behçet's disease affects haemostatic function. SETTING: University Hospital, Turkey. PATIENTS: one hundred and twenty-seven consecutive patients with Behçet's disease, 34 of whom with a history of vascular involvement. METHODS: prothrombin fragment 1+2 tissue plasminogen activator, protein S and C, antithrombin, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, thrombomodulin and prothrombin time (PT) were measured in patient plasma. RESULTS: soluble thrombomodulin was significantly lower and von Willebrand factor (vWF) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) significantly higher in Behçet's patients. Patients with vascular involvement showed the highest levels of vWF and tPA. There was no activation of coagulation, not even in patients with an active disease at the time of sampling. CONCLUSION: there were indirect signs of endothelial activity or damage, particularly in patients with vascular involvement. Coagulation was not activated.
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| 6. |
- Holmberg, A., et al.
(author)
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Ischaemia and reperfusion during open abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery induce extensive thrombin generation and activity
- 1999
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In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 18:1, s. 11-16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: does open surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) influence coagulation? METHODS: in 23 patients operated on for AAA, cubital blood was sampled pre-, intra- and postoperatively. Femoral blood was also sampled intraoperatively. RESULTS: preoperatively, prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and soluble fibrin (SF) were elevated in AAA patients. During aortic clamping all parameters increased significantly in cubital blood (p<0.01) as well as in femoral blood (p<0.001) and after aortic declamping F1+2 and TAT increased further. F1+2, TAT and SF were significantly higher in femoral than cubital blood. Postoperatively F1+2 and TAT returned to preoperative values, while SF still had a significantly higher level than preoperatively (p<0.001). Blood loss showed co-variation with F1+2 increase in femoral blood after aortic declamping (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: these data indicate that the coagulation system was strongly activated by the occurrence of an AAA. During AAA surgery a further extensive activation was seen. The activity was still high, but on decline, one week postoperatively. Ischaemia and reperfusion of the lower part of the body were the major stimuli for thrombin generation and activity.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Karacagil, Sadettin, et al.
(author)
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A modified technique of ultrasonic triplex scanning of the lower extremity arteries
- 1996
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In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 101:1, s. 113-120
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study was undertaken to evaluate the utility of a modified technique of triplex scanning of the lower extremity arteries in 20 subjects without any clinical signs of arterial disease. The distal aorta and iliac arteries were examined with the subject in supine position and lying slightly on the opposite side. By moderate compression of the probe towards the psoas muscle and directing it over the iliac arteries with slight medial retraction of the abdomen, satisfactory visualization of the common and external arteries with 7.5 MHz high resolution imaging and a 5.6 MHz doppler probe were obtained in 56 of 80 segments (70%). In obese individuals it was necessary to use 5 MHz probe for satisfactory scanning of the aortic bifurcation and common iliac arteries. The distal superficial femoral, popliteal and tibioperoneal trunk segments were examined with the patient prone and the knee slightly flexed. Peak systolic, early diastolic reverse and late diastolic forward flow velocities were studied together with measurement of the arterial diemeters, which demonstrated wide variations. This study suggests that satisfactory scanning of the iliac and femoropopliteal arteries with the described technique can be achieved in the majority of subjects with a superficial high resolution probe. The combination of 7.5 MHz two-dimensional imaging with a 5.6 MHz pulsed wave Doppler probe offers optimal information of these arteries in nonobese individuals.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Karacagil, Sadettin, et al.
(author)
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The effect of postocclusion reactive hyperaemia, papaverine and nifedipine on duplex derived haemodynamic parameters of infrainguinal bypass grafts
- 1995
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In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 9:1, s. 107-111
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to analyse the effects of various vasodilating stimuli on postoperative infrainguinal graft haemodynamics. DESIGN: Duplex derived haemodynamic parameters of infrainguinal bypass grafts were measured at rest and after postocclusion reactive hyperaemia, intraarterial papaverine (40 mgm) injection and peroral nifedipine (10 mg) administration. SETTING: Department of Surgery, University Hospital. MATERIALS: Twenty-nine patients with infrainguinal bypass grafts were studied by Duplex scanner after a median of 25 months postoperatively. CHIEF OUTCOME MEASURES: Peak systolic velocity (PSV), mean velocity (MV) and volume flow (VF) were measured at rest and after various stimuli. MAIN RESULTS: VF at rest increased from 125 +/- 16 ml/min (mean +/- S.E.M.) to 271 +/- 26 ml/min after papaverine administration and to 205 +/- 19 ml/min during reactive hyperaemia (p < 0.001). PSV, MV and VF increased significantly during postocclusion reactive hyperaemia and papaverine injection. After nifedipine administration VF increased to 154 +/- 21 ml/min after 30 min (p < 0.001) and there was a significant increase in MV (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Duplex derived flow measurement of infrainguinal bypass grafts can evaluate graft and limb haemodynamics in the postoperative period. Pharmacological manipulations, such as vasodilation, can influence the physiological runoff with subsequent increase in volume flow through the graft.
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| 12. |
- Karacagil, Sadettin, et al.
(author)
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Value of duplex scanning in evaluation of crural and foot arteries in limbs with severe lower limb ischaemia : a prospective comparison with angiography
- 1996
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In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 12:3, s. 300-303
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To compare Duplex scanning with angiography for evaluation of crural and pedal arteries in limbs with lower limb ischaemia. DESIGN: The findings obtained during Duplex scanning and angiography were prospectively compared in a blinded manner. SETTING: Departments of Surgery, Diagnostic Radiology and Clinical Physiology, University Hospital. MATERIALS: Duplex scanning and selective angiography of femoropopliteal, crural and foot arteries were performed in 40 limbs (38 patients, 480 segments) with intermittent claudication (n = 6), rest pain (n = 13) and ulcer/gangrene (n = 19). Each arterial segment were graded into four categories: normal, < or = 50% diameter reduction, > 50% diameter reduction and occlusion. Pedal arteries were evaluated as patency or occlusion of dorsal pedal artery and plantar arch. Chief outcome measures: Accuracy (AC), sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive (PPV), negative predictive (NPV) and kappa values. MAIN RESULTS: The Duplex scanning of the tibioperoneal trunk, crural and pedal arteries had an accuracy of 80% (kappa = 0.6). The SE, SP, PPV and NPV values were 83%, 77%, 79% and 81%, respectively. The SP was relatively low for the peroneal artery (58%) compared to the others. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of Duplex scanning in detecting crural and pedal artery lesions in lower limbs with severe ischaemia.
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| 13. |
- Kragsterman, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Carotid Endarterectomy Induces the Release of Inflammatory Markers and the Activation of Coagulation as Measured in the Jugular Bulb
- 2017
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In: Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases. - : Elsevier BV. - 1052-3057 .- 1532-8511. ; 26:10, s. 2320-2328
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and Purpose: Transient cerebral hypoxia may induce neuronal injury through an ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) response, with a subsequent activation of inflammation and coagulation-fibrinolysis. During carotid endarterectomy (CEA), the artery is clamped, which might impair the regional cerebral perfusion and initiate a local I/R response. Data suggest that the CD40-CD40 ligand dyad acts as a modulator in the induced activation. The aim of this study was to locally measure soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), in conjunction with inflammation and coagulation activation markers, during CEA.Subjects and Methods: This is a prospective study of 18 patients undergoing CEA. Blood samples from the venous jugular bulb (JB) and the radial artery (RA) were drawn at baseline and during the procedure. Measurements of sCD40L, interleukin-6 (IL-6), fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and D-dimer were analyzed. Comparisons during CEA were made between levels: baselines versus JB, JB versus RA, and sequential JB measurements. Fifty cardiovascular healthy patients were the reference group for the sCD40L baseline comparison.Results: Increased cerebral IL-6 levels were demonstrated throughout the procedure, as well as the temporal influence in F1 + 2, PAI-1, and D-dimer values. sCD40L remained unchanged throughout the procedure. This indicates a local cerebral inflammatory reaction together with an activation of coagulation-fibrinolysis, but it does not appear to primarily involve the CD40-CD40 ligand dyad.Conclusions: Signs of a local inflammatory reaction and activation of coagulation were observed during CEA, but levels of sCD40L remained stable, unaffected by carotid artery clamping and reperfusion.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Saha, Rama, et al.
(author)
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Heritability of endometriosis
- 2015
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In: Fertility and Sterility. - : Elsevier BV. - 0015-0282 .- 1556-5653. ; 104:4, s. 947-952
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relative contribution of genetic influences and prevalence on endometriosis.DESIGN: Analysis of self-reported data from a nationwide population-based twin registry.SETTING: Not applicable.PATIENT(S): A total of 28,370 women, female monozygotic (MZ) or dizygotic (DZ) twins, who participated in either of two surveys (1998-2002 or 2005-2006).INTERVENTION(S): None.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Self-reported endometriosis, validated by medical records.RESULT(S): A history of endometriosis was reported by 1,228 female twins. The probandwise concordance was 0.21 for MZ and 0.10 for DZ twins. Higher within-pair (tetrachoric) correlation was observed among MZ (0.47) compared with DZ (0.20) twins. The best-fitting model revealed a contribution of 47% by additive genetic factors and the remaining 53% attributed to unique environmental effects.CONCLUSION(S): Our findings suggest both genetic and unique (nonshared) environmental influences on the complex etiology of endometriosis and support the hypothesis that genes have a strong influence on phenotypic manifestations of endometriosis.
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| 17. |
- Skagius, Elisabeth, et al.
(author)
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Activated coagulation in patients with shock due to ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
- 2008
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In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 35:1, s. 37-40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with a high operative mortality. Postoperative thrombosis related complications are common, a possible mechanism being activation of the coagulation system and endothelial stimulation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the coagulation activity preoperatively in patients with ruptured and nonruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in relation to the clinical outcome with special regard to the influence of shock. Methods. Ninety-five patients with repair of infrarenal aortic aneurysm and forty-one controls without aneurysm matched by age, gender and smoking habits were studied. Thrombin-antithrombin (TAT), prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F 1 + 2), and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWFAg) were measured. Results. There were significantly higher levels of TAT, F 1 + 2, and vWFAg in patients operated for ruptured compared to nonruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. The highest level of TAT and F 1 + 2 were detected in patients with rupture and shock. Conclusion. The present data indicate a state Of activated coagulation in patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm which is reinforced by shock.
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| 18. |
- Skagius, E, et al.
(author)
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Fibrinolysis in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm with special emphasis on rupture and shock
- 2007
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In: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 6:1, s. 147-150
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is associated with high mortality. Postoperative complications such as hemorrhage, multiple organ failure, myocardial infarction, and thromboembolism are common. An active and balanced hemostatic system is essential to avoid bleeding as well as thrombosis. When these activities are not properly regulated the patient is at risk of developing either excessive bleeding or thrombosis-related complications. Previous studies have shown a state of activated coagulation in patients with ruptured AAA. However, there are conflicting results regarding the fibrinolytic response. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the fibrinolytic state pre-operatively in patients with ruptured and non-ruptured AAA in relation to the clinical outcome with special regard to the influence of shock. Methods: A prospective study was performed on 95 patients who underwent surgery for a ruptured AAA with shock (n = 43), a ruptured AAA without shock (n = 12), and a non-ruptured AAA (n = 40). Forty-one controls without an aneurysm were matched to the AAA patients according to age, gender and smoking habits. Plasma levels of tissue plasminogen activator antigen (tPAag), and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) were measured as markers of fibrinolytic activity. D-dimer, a marker of fibrin turnover, was also measured. Results: D-dimer was significantly higher in patients with a non-ruptured AAA compared with controls without AAA. There were significantly higher levels of D-dimer, tPAag, and PAI-1 in patients operated for ruptured compared with non-ruptured AAA. tPAag was also significantly higher in ruptured AAA patients with shock compared with without shock. No deaths occurred in patients operated on for a non-ruptured AAA or ruptured AAA without shock. There were 12 deaths after repair of a ruptured AAA with shock, of which two patients died from bleeding and the remaining 10 from multiple organ failure and cardiac failure. Conclusion: Our results indicate a state of activated coagulation in patients with a non-ruptured AAA, the state being intensified by rupture. The present data show normal fibrinolytic activities in patients with a non-ruptured AAA, but increased systemic fibrinolysis, as demonstrated by elevated tPAag level, in patients with a ruptured AAA. The elevated PAI-1 level indicates a simultaneous inhibition of the systemic fibrinolysis. Furthermore, the hyperfibrinolytic state was reinforced by shock in this study. However, the clinical outcome, with a relatively high incidence of thrombosis-related deaths, indicate a prothrombotic state instead of a hyperfibrinolytic state as a major point of attention in patients with shock as a result of a ruptured AAA.
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| 19. |
- Westling, Agneta, et al.
(author)
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Incidence of deep venous thrombosis in patients undergoing obesity surgery
- 2002
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In: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 26:4, s. 470-473
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate prospectively the incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after surgery for morbid obesity. The series comprised 116 consecutive patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The median age and body mass index were 35 years (range 19-59 years) and 42 kg/m2 (range 32-68 kg/m2), respectively. The patients were examined with duplex ultrasonography pre- and postoperatively. No patient had any symptoms or signs of DVT postoperatively, and ultrasonography showed no signs of thrombosis in iliac, femoral, and popliteal veins in any of the patients. Two patients (1.7%) had a thrombus in the peroneal vein of one leg. Repeated ultrasonographic investigation after 1 week showed complete resolution of both. One patient with a previously unknown activated protein C resistance had an angiographically confirmed minor pulmonary embolus. The incidence of venous thromboembolism after obesity surgery seems to be low, and obesity as a risk factor for thromboembolic disease might have been overestimated in the past.
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| 20. |
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