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| 8. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Age, Generation and the Media
- 2013
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In: Northern Lights. - : Intellect. - 1601-829X .- 2040-0586. ; 11:1, s. 3-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Audience-metric continuity? Approaching the meaning of measurement in the digital everyday
- 2020
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In: Media Culture and Society. - : Sage Publications. - 0163-4437 .- 1460-3675. ; 42:7-8, s. 1193-1209
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article argues for an expansion of existing studies on the meaning of metrics in digital environments by evaluating a methodology tested in a pilot study to analyse audience responses to metrics of social media profiles. The pilot study used the software tool Facebook Demetricator by artist Ben Grosser in combination with follow-up interviews. In line with Grosser’s intentions, the software indeed provoked reflection among the users. In this article, we reflect on three kinds of disorientations that users expressed, linked to temporality, sociality and value. Relating these to the history of audience measurement in mass media, we argue that there is merit in using this methodology for further analysis of continuities in audience responses to metrics, in order to better understand the ways in which metrics work to create the ‘audience commodity’.
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| 14. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Communicative AI and Techno-Semiotic Mediatization : Understanding the Communicative Role of the Machine
- 2024
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In: Human-Machine Communication. - : Communication and Social Robotics Labs. - 2638-602X. ; 7, s. 65-81
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mediatization discourse has so far mainly been centered on media from institutional or social-constructionist approaches. The technological developments within communications industries coupled with the wider societal process of datafication might, however, beg for dusting off the smaller, although the long-time existing, technological approach to mediatization as a complement to the two other approaches, in order to understand aspects of automation and human-machine communication. This theoretical article explores how existing mediatization approaches can refocus to include lessons learned from human-machine communication. The first section accounts for the main mediatization approaches. The second section discusses debates on communication, artificiality, and meaning-making. The last section takes the example of the recruitment interview for discussing how mediatization theory can benefit from including a technological approach with influx from human-machine communication, as well as how human-machine communication can learn from wider discussions within mediatization theory.
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| 15. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Conducting Cross-Cultural Online Audience Research with two Generations : Methodological Experiences and Reflections from the Pandemic Context
- 2023
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In: AoIR Selected Papers of Internet Research 2022. - : The Association of Internet Researchers.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper discusses methodological, ethical, and empirical problematics related to forced changes in the research design of a comparative project during the Covid-19 pandemic, and its wider implications for future online audience research. The larger project aims to understand media users’ attitudes towards corporate and state surveillance in countries with different historical surveillance regimes: Estonia, Portugal, and Sweden. In a mixed-methods design, comprising an online survey and focus groups (FGs), we sampled participants from two generational cohorts: born in 1946-1953 and in 1988-1995. In each country, we planned six face-to-face FGs with people from these generational cohorts, divided into three gender-balanced groups with different profiles: higher education; mixed education, living in small cities/countryside; secondary education. The paper discusses the challenges of conducing FGs online, namely the effects of the technological interface on the group size and interaction, the importance of digital skills, and ethics-related considerations. Although we encountered cultural differences between the three countries, our main methodological lessons and suggestions for further audience studies center on the need to consider the subtle facets of inter-generational differences when planning online research. As we witnessed, not all barriers were rooted in access to technology and connectivity. The level of digital skills and self-confidence in use also played a role in participants' possibilities and willingness for taking part in online research. Further research is needed to explore how age and online methods intersect, and the role online settings play, in the experience of focus group and interview participants with various social backgrounds.
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| 16. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Conducting Online Focus Group Interviews With Two Generations : Methodological Experiences and Reflections From the Pandemic Context
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Qualitative Methods. - : Sage Publications. - 1609-4069. ; 22
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, many research projects were forced to adapt their design and conduct interviews online. This paper discusses the benefits and challenges of using online focus groups with participants representing different generations and cultural and social backgrounds. Based on the researchers’ experiences and field notes from a three-country comparative project, aiming at analysing the extent to which previous experience of state surveillance impacted attitudes to commercial monitoring and tracking of online behaviour among two generational cohorts, the paper identifies seven aspects where the move from offline to online interviewing interfered with the original research design. The paper suggests that most of these interferences resulted in a need to adjust the methodology to better fit the online setting. We reflect critically upon the issues of technological preconditions and digital skills, recruitment, group size, degrees of previous acquaintance, the role of the interviewer, participants’ household status and media environment, and ethical considerations concerning privacy and data management. Based on these methodological insights, we conclude that future online focus group research would benefit from using smaller groups and adjusted moderation, flexibility in interviewing tools and channels, and new, online-specific ethical considerations when planning, executing, and analysing interviews. The paper advocates the complementarity between in-person and online focus groups as two modalities of data collection and argues for the normalization of hybrid methods. © The Author(s) 2023.
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| 17. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Cultural Technologies : The Shaping of Culture in Media and Society
- 2012
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The essays in this volume discuss both the culture of technology that we live in today, and culture as technology. Within the chapters of the book cultures of technology and cultural technologies are discussed, focusing on a variety of examples, from varied national contexts.Cultural Technologies brings together internationally recognized scholars from the social sciences and humanities, covering diverse themes such as intellectual property, server farms and search engines, surveillance, peer-to-peer file-sharing, the construction of techno-history, technology and epistemology and much more. It contains both historical and contemporary analyses of technological phenomena as well as epistemological discussions on the uses of technology.
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- Bolin, Göran, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Disruption and transformation in media events theory : The case of the Euromaidan Revolution in Ukraine
- 2022
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In: Nordic Journal of Media Studies. - : Nordicom. - 2003-184X. ; 4:1, s. 99-117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Media events, Dayan and Katz argue, compose a narrative genre that follows specific structural principles and narrative tropes and that works toward societal integration. However, a specific subset of media events is labelled transformative, and these work towards societal change. In this article, we point to an unresolved tension between transformative events and what has subsequently been introduced as disruptive events. Our discussion builds on research on the developments in post-Soviet Ukraine, and we analyse, firstly, the transformative and disruptive relations related to the so-called Euromaidan Revolution, and secondly, how these events can be placed in a wider narrative of three Ukrainian revolutions. Our analysis concludes that narrative analysis can help explain the ways in which these events are understood by broader international audiences.
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- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Filmbytare : videovåld, kulturell produktion & unga män
- 1998
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The focus of this thesis is Swedish Film Swappers, i.e. young men who swap video films that include graphically explicit depictions of violence, and their cultural practices. Inspired by action and horror films some Film Swappers have become cultural producers, either of amateur videos, or of fanzines, i.e. amateur writing by fans for other fans.The Film Swappers have been studied through the analytical lens of public spheres, taste and identity, and by the methods of media ethnography (including participant communication, ethnographic interviews and textual analysis of the films they watch and the cultural artifacts they produce). Five groups of fanzine producers and three groups of amateur video producers have been studied from late 1992 to 1996. The material consists of interviews, fanzines, video films (commercial as well as amateur productions), newspaper and magazine articles, radio programmes and field notes.Fanzines have been central to the communicative organisation of the Film Swappers, and have contributed to the development of a public structure for the exchange of films, and of information on where to get hold of them and to read more about them. Through communicative action, an alternative public sphere with its own forms of consumption, distribution and production has been formed. The debate on the value of different films and videos has also been used strategically by the Film Swappers for distinctive taste practices, and alternative film canons have been proposed. This communicative and strategic action has been of great importance in the construction of the young men's identity.
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| 23. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Generational analysis as a methodological approach to study mediatised social change
- 2017
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In: Digital Technologies and Generational Identity. - Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge. - 9781315398617 - 9781315398624 - 9781138225978 ; , s. 23-36
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Introduction Time and again, it is said that we are living in an era of rapid technological change, or even one of increased acceleration (Rosa, 2013 [2005]). This idea of accelerating technological change, especially that involving media technologies, also serves as a basis for contemporary theories of ‘media generations’. These theories argue that in contrast to previous generations who were socialised into print media culture, those born over the past 50−60 years have seen a much more rapid transformation of technologies, impacting more strongly on the formation of generational identity. According to Gary Gumpert and Robert Cathcart, the faster pace of technological change leads to the formation of distinct media generations.
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| 24. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Generational temporalities and rhythm-analysis
- 2019
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In: Comunicazioni Sociali. - : Vita e Pensiero. - 0392-8667. ; 2019:2, s. 202-214
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In his theory of generations Ortega y Gassett suggested what others have come to call the "pulserate" hypothesis, where he argued that generational exchanges occurred in thirty-year cycles. His student Julién Marías later qualified this to fifteen years. This mechanistic theory has, of course, met with criticism - for being too mechanistic, and for being insensitive to different types of temporalities. Nonetheless, the self-perception of generations is not only guided by the relation to coevals, but also to, what Ricoeur calls "contemporaries, predecessors, and successors", that is, the generations that came before, those with whom one shares experiences as coevals, and those who will succeed oneself. In this paper will be discussed the relations between the - often nostalgic - memories that communify coevals, and the experiences of generation as kinship that impact on a person's perception of their place in the generational succession order, and how this can be developed into a generational rhythm analysis. It is argued that the rhythm of collective social life, which is arrhythmic along diversities in the combination of life-course and generational features seems to prevent the increase in "generational turnover" that could be expected through the increased speed of the "technological turnover" that follow from digitisation.
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| 25. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Generational “we-sense”, “they-sense” and narrative : An epistemological approach to media and social change
- 2019
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In: Empiria. Revista de metodología de ciencias sociales. - : Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia. - 2174-0682 .- 1139-5737. ; :42, s. 21-36
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A classic epistemological problem in the social sciences is how to analyse and understand social change. In media and communication studies, for example, the concept of mediatisation has sparked off such a debate, since one of the main criticisms against the approach is that researchers rather take change for granted without being able to empirically establish if and how change has occurred. In this article is suggested a model for analysing social change through an analysis of how generational identity as “we-sense” is produced in narratives about media use. The empirical basis for the discussion is picked from a recently finished project on media generations in Sweden and Estonia, building on foremost qualitative material. The article concludes with accounting for the merits of using a generational perspective for analysing social change.
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| 26. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Generationer av mobilbruk
- 2011
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In: Lycksalighetens ö. - Göteborg : SOM-institutet. - 9789189673212 ; , s. 489-498
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 27. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Generationsskiftningar i mobillandskapet
- 2014
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In: Mittfåra & marginal. - Göteborg : SOM-institutet. - 9789189673304 ; , s. 229-237
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 28. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Heuristics of the Algorithm. Big Data, User Interpretation and Translation Strategies
- 2015
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In: Big Data and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 2053-9517. ; 2:2, s. 1-12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Intelligence on mass media audiences was founded on representative statistical samples, analysed by statisticians at the market departments of media corporations. The techniques for aggregating user data in the age of pervasive and ubiquitous personal media (e.g. laptops, smartphones, credit cards/swipe cards and radio-frequency identification) build on large aggregates of information (Big Data) analysed by algorithms that transform data into commodities. While the former technologies were built on socio-economic variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, education, media preferences (i.e. categories recognisable to media users and industry representatives alike), Big Data technologies register consumer choice, geographical position, web movement, and behavioural information in technologically complex ways that for most lay people are too abstract to appreciate the full consequences of. The data mined for pattern recognition privileges relational rather than demographic qualities. We argue that the agency of interpretation at the bottom of market decisions within media companies nevertheless introduces a ‘heuristics of the algorithm’, where the data inevitably becomes translated into social categories. In the paper we argue that although the promise of algorithmically generated data is often implemented in automated systems where human agency gets increasingly distanced from the data collected (it is our technological gadgets that are being surveyed, rather than us as social beings), one can observe a felt need among media users and among industry actors to ‘translate back’ the algorithmically produced relational statistics into ‘traditional’ social parameters. The tenacious social structures within the advertising industries work against the techno-economically driven tendencies within the Big Data economy.
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| 29. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Institution, Technology, World : Relationships between the Media, Culture and Society
- 2014
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In: Mediatization of Communication. - Berlin : Mouton de Gruyter. - 9783110271935 ; , s. 175-197
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this chapter three approaches to mediatization are discussed: the institutional, the technological, and the media as world. Each of these has a different ontological and epistemological background, and it is argued that this has consequences on which questions are posed, and which kinds of answers are possible to give. For these backgrounds it is accounted, with a special focus on how these approaches theorize the relationship between media and society, how media are defined and which historical perspective is privileged.
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| 30. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Introduction
- 2020
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In: Nordic Journal of Media Studies. - : Nordicom. - 2003-184X. ; 2:1, s. 1-11
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 31. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Jean Baudrillard (1971) Requiem for the Media
- 2024
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In: Classics in Media Theory. - Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge. - 9781040026519 - 9781032557960 ; , s. 139-150
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In ‘Requiem for the Media’ (1971), the French sociologist Jean Baudrillard discusses the emancipatory affordances of the media. Can media be used to improve society? Should social movements use new media to coordinate their activities, organise and reach out with their message? In today’s media society, it seems obvious that the answer to these questions is yes. Everyone who wants to change society - whether political movements, companies, organisations or others - adheres to a ‘media strategy’. However, Baudrillard is dismissive of the media’s possibilities to contribute to progressive social change. His text can thus provide interesting perspectives on the interaction between media and politics and on the role of the media in society in general. What is now known as ‘mediatisation’ is anticipated by Baudrillard and his structuralist analysis of the ‘symbolic exchange’, which remains valid for those who aim to analyse such mediatisation processes. With the rise of digital media, Baudrillard’s text has arguably become increasingly relevant over time, as a large part of its content revolves around the (im)possibility of dialogue and interaction via mediated communication.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Media generations : Objective and Subjective Media Landscapes and Nostalgia among Generations of Media Users
- 2014
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In: Participations. - 1749-8716. ; 11:2, s. 108-131
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article discusses from an inter-cultural and inter-generational perspective the relationship between ‘objective’ media landscapes and how they are subjectively perceived among four different media generations. Based on a focus group study with media users in Sweden and Estonia of two tentative generations, the relationship between the ‘objective’ and ‘subjective’ media landscapes is analysed, as is how the landscapes produce nostalgia at the intersection of age, generation, life course and life situation. Based on the differences found in the cross-cultural and the cross-generational comparison, it is concluded that in relation to the formative years of the respondents, there are two different kinds of nostalgia produced: one individually based, focussing on childhood memories; and one social or collective, focussing on the formative years of the respondents.
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| 37. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Media Use and the Extended Commodification of the Lifeworld
- 2018
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In: Technologies of Labour and the Politics of Contradiction. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783319762784 - 9783319762791 ; , s. 235-252
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the chapter Bolin argues that in the world of digital, interactive media, media users become involved in two kinds of valorisation processes: one in which they produce social, aesthetic and cultural value within the framework of a cultural economy – which then becomes appropriated by the media industries and transformed into economic value. Furthermore, the nature of the business models of social networking media makes the labour activities at their bottom easily misrecognized by the media users. The result of this process is an increased commodification of social realms that have previously been outside of the economic markets.
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| 38. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Mediatisation, Digitisation and Datafication : The Role of the Social in Contemporary Data Capitalism
- 2023
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In: Central European Journal of Communication. - : Polish Communication Association. - 1899-5101. ; 16:1(33), s. 7-18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article discusses the relations between mediatisation and datafication, and how the process of datafication has integrated several diverse value forms in complex interrelations. The first section outlines the rise of datafication in the wake of the technological development of digitisation in combination with new business models of the media and communications industries, leading to a tighter integration between these and other sectors of society. The second accounts for how this development paves way for certain specific value forms that result from this integrative process, and how the interrelation between value forms introduces a shift in the valuation processes of late modern data capitalism, where the social takes a prominent position. The final section discusses the relationship between datafication and mediatisation. The argument is that although datafication introduces a new phase in the mediatisation process, the former also extends beyond the latter.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Mobila generationer
- 2013
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In: Vägskäl. - Göteborg : SOM-institutet. - 9789189673274 ; , s. 517-528
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 41. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Mobilanvändning och nya medier
- 2012
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In: I framtidens skugga. - Göteborg : SOM-institutet. - 9789189673243 ; , s. 459-467
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 42. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Narrativas Transmídia e Valor nos Ambientes de Mídias Digitais
- 2015
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In: Parágrafo: Revista Científica de Comunicação Social. - 2317-4919. ; 2:3, s. 113-123
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- O Este artigo discute o fenômeno das narrativas transmídia e das adaptações em termos da valorização deste gênero específi co de produção midiática. Aborda ainda os diferentes tipos de valor gerado na relação produção-consumo e traz informações para quem aprecia a produção de narrativa transmídia. Por meio da apresentação de dois exemplos europeus, revela que este formato, muitas vezes, aparece em ambientes de produções de serviço público de mídia, sem fi ns lucrativos, enquanto que na indústria commercial da comunicação há maior envolvimento com as elaborações multiplataformas por suas possibilidades lucrativas.This article discusses the phenomenon of transmedia storytelling and adaptations in terms of which values are produced around this specifi c kind of media production, which diff erent kinds of value that is generated in relation to its production and consumptions, and for whom the production of transmedia storytelling and adaptations is ascribed value. Against two European examples of transmedia storytelling it is argued that this narrative form oft en appear in non-profi t motivated public service production environments, whereas the commercial media industry more oft en engage in multi-platform productions, since this type of production makes it easier to meet outer demands of economic kinds.
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| 43. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Nation branding vs. nation building revisited : Ukrainian information management in the face of the Russian invasion
- 2023
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In: Place Branding and Public Diplomacy. - : Palgrave Macmillan. - 1751-8040 .- 1751-8059. ; 19, s. 218-222
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article re-evaluates some of the previous assumptions made related to the communication practices and information management in Ukraine since before the Euromaidan revolution in 2013. We highlight two points where previous knowledge about nation branding and nation building must be rethought in light of the latest developments Firstly, nation branding is no longer exclusively an activity that is directed to an audience of foreign investors and tourists, but also toward the international field of politics. Simultaneously, it is also clearly directed toward a domestic audience-the citizens of Ukraine. Secondly, this means that there may no longer be any sharp distinction between nation building and nation branding-at least not in times of an ongoing armed conflict.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Passion and Nostalgia in Generational Media Experiences
- 2016
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In: European Journal of Cultural Studies. - : SAGE Publications. - 1367-5494 .- 1460-3551. ; 19:3, s. 250-264
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One component in the generational experience strongly related to media is the intimate and often passionate relation that is developed towards media technologies and content from one’s formative youth period: musical genres and stars, as well as reproduction technologies such as the vinyl record, music cassette tapes, comics and other now dead media forms. Passion, however, is a dialectic concept that not only refers to the joyful desire and intense emotional engagement of cherished objects but also includes its dialectic opposite in the form of pain and suffering. This passion, it is argued in the article, is activated by the nostalgic relationships to past media experiences, the bittersweet remembrances of media habits connected to earlier life phases of one’s own. Taking its point of departure in generational theory of Mannheim and others, this article analyses a series of focus group interviews with Swedish and Estonian media users tentatively belonging to four different generations. Based on the analysis of these interviews, it is suggested that passion and nostalgia are produced, first, in relation to old technologies, second, in relation to childhood memories and, third, at the limits of shared intergenerational experience, that is, at the moment when one realises that one’s own experiences of past media forms cannot be shared by younger generations, and especially one’s own children.
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| 46. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Personal and Mobile Media in the Digital Economy
- 2012
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper analyses how mobile phone owners turn from being regarded by the industry as users of an interpersonal medium, to a mass audience along some of the principles for how this “audience commodity” has been constructed in previous mass media settings, centering on the radio, television and the press. One purpose is to critically examine the relation between interpersonal and mass media, such as how technological developments connected to digitization has altered the market for media commodities and contributed to the development of new business models. The second purpose is to discuss the consequences of this shift, and its consequences for our ontological understanding of what it means to use a mobile phone.
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| 47. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Personal Media in the Digital Economy
- 2012
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In: Moving data. - New York : Columbia University Press. - 9780231157384 - 9780231157391 ; , s. 91-103
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Bolin, Göran, 1959-
(author)
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Questioning Entertainment Value : Moments of Disruption in the History of Swedish Entertainment Television
- 2013
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the early 1920’s John Reith of the BBC summarized the goals that the organization still adhere to: ‘To enrich people's lives with programmes and services that inform, educate and entertain’. This chapter deals with the last of these three ambitions, and in a historically informed genre-analytical manner describes the history of Swedish television entertainment. The focus is on four important moments of disruption, and their consequences for larger generic trends. The paper exemplifies with some such productions that have been generically important and/or specific for their time (e.g. the launch of reality series Expedition: Robinson in 1997, and the start of the reality drama).
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