| 1. |
- Buhr, Katarina, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Institutional Plurality and U.S. Corporate Climate Change Strategies
- 2010
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In: Organizations and the Natural Environment.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper contributes to the literature on institutional plurality by examining how domestic and foreign institutions interact to shape corporate strategies. Our argument suggests that institutional plurality lead to both complementarities that encourage firms to pay attention to an issue and develop soft strategies such as management incentives, and fragmentation which makes firms more likely to avoid or postpone the adoption of hard strategies that require higher levels of commitment like formal plans. The hypotheses are tested in an empirical analysis of the influences of domestic and foreign institutions on the likelihood that U.S. corporations use soft and hard climate change strategies. While institutions in general increase the likelihood that firms engage in both forms of climate change strategies, we find that firms with experience from both state-level emission targets and the EU Emission Trading Scheme are less likely to develop formal plans than firms with sole experience from one of the two institutional contexts. This finding stresses the value of a contextualized theory of institutional influences which takes into consideration the spatial distribution of institutional pressures and the level of organizational commitment required by different strategic responses. We demonstrate that organizational passivity can be an unintended consequence of situations governed by multiple regulatory initiatives, which each seeks to increase the level of organizational action.
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| 2. |
- Buhr, Katarina, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Mediaöversättningar av en ny teknik : CCS i svensk press
- 2010
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In: Företag och medier. - Malmö : Liber AB. - 9789147094455 ; , s. 130-147
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna bok visar hur medierna har tagit sig in som en viktig del av företagandet och målar upp detta förändrade landskap. Författarna belyser vilka intressen som står på spel, hur det intrikata samspelet mellan företag och medier ser ut och hur olika aktörer hanterar påtryckningar och försöker driva sina egna dagordningar. Sammantaget utmanas bilden av kommunikationen mellan företag och medier som direkt, endimensionell och linjär.
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| 3. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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U.S. corporations’ climate change strategies in response to foreign and domestic regulation. Unintended consequences of regulatory plurality
- 2012
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report examines how domestic and foreign regulations interact to shape corporate strategies to address climate change. We expect that heightened attention and uncertainty encourage firms to use low commitment strategies that signal involvement in an issue, but discourage high commitment strategies which can expose firms to higher levels of external accountability. Analyzing climate change strategies of U.S. corporations, we find support for the idea that firms with both domestic and foreign regulation experience are less likely to develop emission reduction plans (high commitment strategy) than firms with sole experience from one of the two contexts. Thus, passivity can be an unintended consequence of multiple regulatory initiatives.
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| 4. |
- Engwall, Lars, 1942-, et al.
(author)
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A Field Approach to Corporate Governance
- 2018
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In: Corporate Governance in Action. - New York : Routledge. - 9781138285668 - 9781315268859 ; , s. 25-41
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 5. |
- Engwall, Lars, 1942-, et al.
(author)
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Conclusions
- 2018
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In: Corporate Governance in Action. - New York : Routledge. - 9781138285668 ; , s. 185-198
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 6. |
- Engwall, Lars, 1942-, et al.
(author)
-
Governance Relations
- 2018
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In: Corporate Governance in Action. - New York : Routledge. - 9781138285668 ; , s. 163-183
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 7. |
- Engwall, Lars, 1942-, et al.
(author)
-
Resituating Corporate Governance
- 2018
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In: Corporate Governance in Action. - New York : Routledge. - 9781138285668 ; , s. 1-24
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Buhr, Katarina, 1980-
(author)
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Bringing Aviation into the EU Emissions Trading Scheme : Institutional Entrepreneurship at Windows of Opportunity
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The present decade has experienced a boom in public and private interest in climate change. A frequently exposed industry in this debate has been aviation, not least international air transport, the greenhouse gas emissions of which have long remained unregulated. This exemption stemmed from several challenges in the search for a regulatory response to target this rapidly growing source of emissions, challenges that involve scientific, political, technological, and economic factors. Following the European Commission’s 2005 announcement of their intention to bring aviation into the EU Emissions Trading Scheme, this particular policy instrument was placed at the centre of the debate. This thesis presents an historical account, to help us understand the emphasis on emissions trading in this first non-domestic regulation to target international aviation’s climate change impact.This thesis offers explanations of the emissions trading proposal by examining the institutional process through which a climate policy for aviation was developed. It guides us through the transnational debate that unfolded across local and global arenas involving a wide range of organisations, not least with reference to the escalating climate change debate after 1997. Particular attention is paid to disputed developments at the EU arena but the study also reveals how significant driving forces to bring aviation into the EU Emissions Trading Scheme intensified in the national context of the United Kingdom. Building on qualitative data including a range of documents and interviews with key players in the field, this study highlights the complexity of the many organising activities involved in policy development. The analysis is largely based on integrating recent developments in organisational institutionalism into the major contours of the multiple streams approach of political scientist John W. Kingdon.The conclusions concern four important themes against which the proposal to include aviation in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme should be understood: the institutional context in which it was shaped; the organised collective that promoted emissions trading; the timing dimension of both agency and the process itself; and the significant transnational influences on EU policy. The theoretical contribution is primarily directed towards organisational institutionalism in demonstrating how regulatory processes are situated, not only in an institutional context but also in a powerful temporal context significantly dependent on a window of opportunity.
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| 10. |
- Buhr, Katarina, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Capturing the Stories of Corporations : A comparison of media debates on carbon capture and storage in Norway and Sweden
- 2011
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In: Global Environmental Change. - : Elsevier. - 0959-3780 .- 1872-9495. ; 21:2, s. 336-345
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development and deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) are sensitive to public debates that socially frame the technology. This study examines the evolving CCS debates, focusing on the media's framing of firms. Corporations are central CCS actors, and we analyze them in light of the nation-state, which has been emphasized in previous research as the primary context of CCS politics. Empirically, we compare framings of Statoil and Vattenfall in the Norwegian and Swedish media, drawing on a qualitative dataset of news media articles published between 2005 and 2009. We conclude that firms make regular media statements either to foster legitimacy or to respond to criticism of CCS. We also conclude that framing is not necessarily linked to technological success or failure and that interpretations of the technology have different forms depending on whether the related activity occurs in domestic or foreign markets. Finally, we explain the media framings based on the domestic energy situation and politics.
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| 11. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Climate Change Politics through a Global Pledge-and-Review Regime : Positions among Negotiators and Stakeholders
- 2014
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In: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 6:2, s. 794-811
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Pledge-and-review is an essential pillar for climate change mitigation up until 2020 under the auspices of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. In this paper, we build on a survey handed out to participants at the Seventeenth Conference of Parties in 2011 to examine to what extent climate negotiators and stakeholders agree with existing critiques towards pledge-and-review. Among the critique examined, we find that the one most agreed with is that the pledges fall short of meeting the 2 degree target, while the one least agreed with is that pledges are voluntary. We also find that respondents from Annex 1 parties are more critical than respondents from Non-Annex 1 parties. Negotiators display strikingly similar responses regardless of where they are from, while there is a remarkable difference between Annex 1 and Non-Annex 1 environmental non-governmental organizations. We build on these results to discuss the legitimacy of pledge-and-review.
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| 12. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Communication approaches for carbon capture and storage : Underlying assumptions of limited versus extensive public engagement
- 2014
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In: Energy Research and Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 3, s. 5-12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A pertinent issue in the literature on communication on emerging technologies such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) concerns the degree to which the public is actively involved in the communication process. While researchers have highlighted the pros and cons of limited versus extensive public engagement, the assumptions underlying various communication approaches have been largely neglected. Illuminating assumptions are important for scholarly understandings of what influences communication and for practitioner reflexive awareness in designing communication plans. This paper explores assumptions made about senders and receivers when involving the public to various degrees in CCS communication and how these assumptions relate to different communication objectives. We describe two contrasting communication approaches, the transmission and participatory approaches, relating them to CCS characteristics and research. We find that CCS communication may, deliberately or not, be based on different assumptions about the social framing of CCS concerning who should formulate the message, the public’s ability to understand complex science, the public’s interest in helping frame CCS, and whether public opinions should be taken into account. These assumptions also relate to different communication objectives – convincing the public or increasing dialogue – implying different communication fora, predictability, and input.
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| 13. |
- Buhr, Katarina, 1980-, et al.
(author)
-
Comparisons of the Copenhagen Pledges : Analyses for Climate Change Professionals
- 2012
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- This synthesis report summarizes the results from the project "Comparing National Initiatives in an International Fragmented Climate Regime" (CompNat) that was carried out 2010–2012. The project aimed to analyze and compare the national pledges for non-binding climate change mitigation up until 2020, submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as a response to the Copenhagen Accord.The report aims to provide an overview of the research within the project. The target group is climate change professionals who already have basic knowledge about the “Copenhagen pledges”, including negotiators, policymakers, industry representatives and researchers. The report can be read from the beginning to the end, or be used for quicker look-ups. Several project results have also been reported separately in other forum, including scientific journals, reports and seminars. However, some recent and more demarcated analyses are presented here for the first time.The project was funded by the Swedish Energy Agency and led by IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute. The authors sincerely thank negotiators at the Swedish Energy Agency for constructive feedback on the project. Moreover, we thank all respondents and anonymous reviewers for their contributions.
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| 14. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Comparisons of the Copenhagen Pledges - Analyses for Climate Change Professionals
- 2012
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This synthesis report summarizes the results from the project "Comparing National Initiatives in an International Fragmented Climate Regime" (CompNat) that was carried out 2010–2012. The project aimed to analyze and compare the non-binding national pledges for climate change mitigation up until 2020, submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as a response to the Copenhagen Accord. The report aims to provide an overview of the research within the project. The target group is climate change professionals who already have basic knowledge about the "Copenhagen pledges", including negotiators, policymakers, industry representatives and researchers. The report can be read from the beginning to the end, or be used for quicker look-ups. Several project results have also been reported separately in other forum, including scientific journals, reports and seminars. However, some recent and more demarcated analyses are presented here for the first time. The project was funded by the Swedish Energy Agency and led by IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute.
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| 15. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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End users’ challenges, needs and requirements for assessing resilience
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report summarizes the results from the work in Task 1.3 of the SmartResilience project. Within the Work Package “Establishing the project baseline and the common framework”, Task 1.3 contributes to a better understanding of the indicators for resilience assessment by examining the actual needs from the ones responsible for such an assessment.This deliverable establishes, at an early stage in the project, a baseline for understanding end users’ current and projected challenges, needs and requirements for assessing resilience of critical infrastructures and using resilience indicators (RIs) for doing so. This is a necessary step to ensure that the resilience assessment methodology and smart RIs will be designed in ways that are useful and therefore adopted, thus delivering increased resilience for critical infrastructures, beyond the project.The identification of end users’ challenges, needs and requirements in assessing resilience within Task 1.3 has been guided by an actor analysis approach and is predominantly based on qualitative methods, consisting of semi-structured individual or group interviews with key end users connected to critical infrastructures, desktop studies and literature reviews. The task has covered eight critical infrastructures in the SmartResilience case studies (ALPHA-HOTEL) as well as an additional case study covering interconnected critical infrastructures (DSB). Furthermore, in order to take into account end users beyond these nine case studies, a literature review has been carried out as well as a survey among the Members of the Community of Users of Safe, Secure and Resilient Societies (CoU).The key findings from Task 1.3 are summarized below:Designing useful indicators requires extensive end user involvement in order to be able to integrate the indicators into existing organizational processes. There is a need to define the “work” that the indicators are supposed to do and make sure they meet the challenges of interconnected infrastructures.End users in the case studies confirmed and provided further insight into the following key challenges, which are illustrated by examples: the concept of resilience; external threats (climate change, cyber-attacks, terrorist attacks, flooding); the complexity of critical infrastructures; and data management.End users in the case studies expressed specific needs and requirements, which has been analyzed in terms of five dimensions of resilience and illustrated by examples: system/physical; information/data; organizational/business: societal/political and cognitive/decision-making.The survey to the CoU indicated that some actors do not see a need to develop RIs because they think current practices are sufficient. Although the low response rate calls for caution in interpreting the results, the responses suggests a number of challenges for the SmartResilience project. First, the need for the project to create assessments and RIs that are clearly regarded as providing added value in relation to end users’ current and projected needs. Second, the challenge to design assessments and RIs that can be widely disseminated, while at the same time taking different contexts into account.Three implications for indicator development are suggested. Firstly, indicators should be developed with an appropriate end user in mind. This means posing questions such as: What organization, and what function or user group, will use it? What is their interest in using indicators? What is their legitimacy to spread the indicator in the critical infrastructure? Secondly, indicators should be developed in dialogue with end users, in order to increase the likelihood that they cover areas that are relevant and currently not sufficiently covered; are relevant, understandable and legitimate; and are designed according to end users’ own motives for assessing resilience and perceptions of usefulness. Thirdly, indicators should be developed in alignment with end users’ organizational processes. This suggests that the project should develop indicators which are easy to understand in order to decrease the dependency of individual expertise and misunderstandings across different organizations; meet the level of capacity of resources that the organization(s) are willing to spend on assessments of resilience; and allow end users to collect, process and share (big) data, taking data security into account.
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| 16. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
-
Expectations on corporate climate action under regulatory uncertainty
- 2012
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In: International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1756-8692 .- 1756-8706. ; 4:4, s. 403-419
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose - In absence of extensive regulation, expectations can be a noteworthy institutional pressure driving corporate climate change action. The purpose of this study is to explore expectations on businesses to act on climate change when the anticipations for a new global climate agreement are relatively low. Expectations on corporate climate action are compared in two ways: to the previous year, when anticipations for a new international climate treaty were high, and to other categories of societal actors.Design/methodology/approach - This paper builds on a questionnaire handed out to an élite sample of 205 participants at the UN climate conference COP16/CMP6 in Cancún 2010, when anticipations were low for regulatory breakthrough in the international climate negotiations.Findings - The responses suggest that expectations on businesses in 2010 did not decrease compared to 2009, when anticipations were high for regulatory breakthrough. 40% of the respondents indicated that their expectations had increased since the previous year. Expectations on businesses were relatively high compared to other societal actors; and the highest expectations were expressed by businesses themselves.Originality/value - The results provide an empirical foundation which stimulates thinking around expectations that make up an important component in the business environment. It is the first systematic ranking of expectations on business to act on climate change among participants at the UN climate change conference, one of the most prominent arenas in the field. The timing for the data collection provides a unique opportunity to analyse how expectations are related to different levels of regulatory anticipation.
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| 17. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Klimatlöftena efter Köpenhamn : Nationella utsläppsmål och handlingsplaner som grund för ett nytt klimatavtal
- 2011
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Klimatmötet i Köpenhamn blev omskrivet som ett misslyckande då parterna inte lyckades ta fram ett avtal för att begränsa den globala uppvärmningen till +2°C. Mindre känt är att Köpenhamnsmötet också öppnade för en process där ländernas egna förslag på vad de är villiga att göra för klimatet utgör en viktig utgångspunkt för det fortsatta arbetet med att ta fram ett nytt internationellt klimatavtal.Länder uppmanades att skicka in icke-bindande målsättningar som beskriver avseddabegränsningar av de egna växthusgasutsläppen fram till år 2020. Dessa egenförfattademålsättningar, som vi i den här rapporten kallar Köpenhamnslöftena, har inkluderats iklimatförhandlingarna inför nästa stora årliga konferens som hålls i sydafrikanska Durbani slutet av 2011.Köpenhamnslöftena är intressanta för alla som vill förstå den internationella klimatpolitikensutveckling. I den här rapporten erbjuds en översikt av Köpenhamnslöftena baserad på aktuellforskning. Vilka olika slags löften har länderna angett och vad innebär de? Är dessa löftentillräckliga för att rädda klimatet och hur kan de komma att påverka samhällsekonomin?Studien ingår i projektet ”Jämförbarhet av nationella initiativ i en fragmenterad internationellklimatregim” som finansieras av Energimyndigheten.
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| 18. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
-
Klimatlöftena efter Köpenhamn. Nationella utsläppsmål och handlingsplaner som grund för ett nytt klimatavtal
- 2011
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- När Kyotoprotokollets första åtagandeperiod löper ut år 2012 står världen utan ett globalt avtal som syftar till att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser. Klimatmötet i Köpenhamn blev omskrivet som ett misslyckande då parterna inte lyckades enas om ett gemensamt klimatavtal för perioden efter 2012 som specificerar hur den globala uppvärmningen ska begränsas till +2°C. Däremot är det mindre känt att Köpenhamnsmötet också blev en milstolpe för möjliga framsteg i det parallella förhandlingsspår med fokus på långsiktigt samarbete, som har funnits med i dialogform i FN:s klimatförhandlingar sedan år 2005.I rapporten erbjuds en översikt över Köpenhamnslöftena baserad på aktuell forskning. Vilka olika slags löften har länderna angett och vad innebär de? Är dessa löften tillräckliga för att begränsa den globala uppvärmningen till +2°C och hur kan de komma att påverka samhällsekonomin?
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| 19. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Local interpretations of degrowth : actors, arenas and attempts to influence policy
- 2018
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In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 10:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the last decade, degrowth has developed into a central research theme within sustainability science. A significant proportion of previous works on degrowth has focused on macro-level units of analysis, such as global or national economies. Less is known about local interpretations of degrowth. This study explored interpretations of growth and degrowth in a local setting and attempts to integrate degrowth ideas into local policy. The work was carried out as a qualitative single-case study of the small town of Alingsås, Sweden. The results revealed two different, yet interrelated, local growth discourses in Alingsås: one relating to population growth and one relating to economic growth. Individuals participating in the degrowth discourse tend to have a sustainability-related profession and/or background in civil society. Arenas for local degrowth discussions are few and temporary and, despite some signs of influence, degrowth-related ideas have not had any significant overall impact on local policy and planning. In practice, degrowth-interested individuals tend to adjust their arguments to the mainstream sustainability discourse and turn to arenas beyond the formal municipal organization when discussing transformative ideas about development, progress, and quality of life. Based on these findings, the conditions for a further integration of degrowth into local policy and planning are discussed. Suggested themes for further research are institutional change and the role of local politicians.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Buhr, Katarina, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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The Clean Development Mechanism in China : Institutional Perspectives on Governance
- 2012
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In: Environmental Policy and Governance. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1756-932X .- 1756-9338. ; 22:2, s. 77-89
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has grown into a central feature of the global carbon market. Besides a range of normative and evaluative research into the CDM, scholars have applied international relations perspectives in which the CDM has been analysed as an example of global governance, engaging multiple actors across administrative levels. This paper focuses on a national government and how its activities affect the CDM market. We draw on an empirical case study of China to demonstrate how governmental action can be understood in light of national institutional factors, defined as normative, cognitive or regulative elements. The paper describes and explains the extensiveness of Chinese government action regarding the CDM and discusses its consequences for the market.
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| 22. |
- Buhr, Katarina, 1980-
(author)
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The Inclusion of Aviation in Emissions Trading : Temporal Conditions for Institutional Entrepreneurship
- 2012
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In: Organization Studies. - : SAGE Publications. - 0170-8406 .- 1741-3044. ; 35:11, s. 1565-1587
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent literature on institutional entrepreneurship has examined the enabling conditions under which actors may influence institutional arrangements. Whereas conditions at field level and among actors have been highlighted, scholars have paid little attention to how and why the field is amenable to change at certain times and how actors act upon these conditions in a timely fashion. This paper examines the temporal conditions for institutional entrepreneurship. I propose that a collective of time-aware institutional entrepreneurs opens a window of opportunity for policy breakthrough by relating its activities to temporally favorable conditions of the multidimensional institutional process. These theoretical propositions are illustrated through an empirical case study of how aviation was targeted for its climate change impact by inclusion in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme.
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| 23. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Urban Living Labs for Sustainability in Suburbs in Need of Modernization and Social Uplift
- 2016
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In: Technology Innovation Management Review. - Ottawa, ON, Canada : CARLETON UNIV GRAPHIC SERVICES. - 1927-0321. ; 6:1, s. 27-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A number of urban living labs have been set up in recent years, with the aim of developing innovation processes within a multi-stakeholder partnership in an urban context. Several urban living labs focus on sustainable development, which is a visible and urgent issue in less valued suburbs in need of modernization and social uplift. We argue that, when applying the living labs approach in the context of sustainable development in suburbs, the primary focus should be societys collective goals, as expressed through municipalities and users. The aim of this article is to show examples of how urban living labs can be applied in less valued suburbs in order to contribute to sustainability based on societal goals. We build on analyses from the research project SubUrbanLab, where urban living labs were set up in Alby and Peltosaari, two suburban areas in Sweden and Finland, respectively. We draw lessons regarding how to use urban living labs for sustainable development in order to create favourable conditions for ongoing engagement with the municipality and users towards long-term sustainability.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Hjerpe, Mattias, et al.
(author)
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Frames of Climate Change in Side Events from Kyoto to Durban
- 2014
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In: Global Environmental Politics. - : Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press (MIT Press): Arts andamp; Humanities Titles etc. - 1526-3800 .- 1536-0091. ; 14:2, s. 102-121
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Addressing climate change is challenging because of its diverse meanings regarding the implications of science, values, risk, and governance. Climate change frames are central organizing ideas that allow us to identify why climate change is a problem of global concern, who is responsible, and the ways in which and by whom it should be governed. UN climate change conferences gather diverse actors for debating climate policy, allowing us to study the frames they represent and how they evolve. They examine the official side events at these conferences, considering the topics of all 2,214 side events from 1997 through 2011. The results show a prominence of the action and conformity frames, indicating that actors reluctant to change have not been engaged; a tendency to favor the social progress frame over the economic frame; that topical changes were not solely the result of new organizations being admitted; a rise in non-climatic issues indicating large potential for bandwagoning; and a symbiotic relationship between negotiations and side events.
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| 26. |
- Karlsson, Anja, et al.
(author)
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Dialog för hållbar stadsutveckling
- 2015
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Att involvera medborgare, slutanvändare och intressenter i frågor som rör hållbar stadsutveckling har blivit en allt viktigare fråga under 2000-talet, både i Sverige och internationellt. I oktober 2015 samlades världens länder i New York för att anta 17 nya hållbarhetsmål, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) (FN, 2015). Ett av målen handlar om att städer och samhällen ska vara hållbara, inkluderande och säkra. I ett av delmålen poängteras att det till 2030 behövs bättre inkludering av stadens invånare och en ökad kapacitet för deltagande, integrering och hållbar planering i alla världens länder. IVL har kompetens inom många miljö- och hållbarhetsfrågor med relevans för stadutveckling, exempelvis energi, klimat, byggande, inomhusmiljö och sociala frågor. I den här rapporten ger vi en kort kunskapsöversikt i hur deltagande kan användas i olika projekt som rör hållbar stadsutveckling, vilken nytta det kan ge och vilka utmaningarna är. This report is only available in Swedish.
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| 27. |
- Karlsson, Anja, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of the Urban Living Labs in Alby and Peltosaari
- 2016
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Across Europe, some 200 million people live in suburbs in great need of modernization and social uplifting. The JPI Urban Europe SubUrbanLab project (2013-2016) has examined how these suburbs can be modernized and socially uplifted together with the residents and other stakeholders. The project developed and set up six Urban Living Labs (ULLs): three in Alby, Sweden and three in Peltosaari, Finland. These ULLs were arenas for co-creation of innovative urban solutions: a means to develop new forms of experiences on involving the residents and stakeholders into development in an urban context. The long-term goal is to turn these suburbs into more attractive, sustainable and economically viable urban areas. This report presents the evaluation of the six Urban Living Labs with regard to their impact on sustainability in Alby and Peltosaari. The report also discusses how well each ULL has lived up to the project definition of an Urban Living Lab. The evaluations show that the impact on sustainability has been varied. Evaluations focused particularly on the social dimension of sustainability, in line with the ULLs themselves, although it covers the environmental and economic dimension as well. Since the ULLs have been small-scale, contribution to sustainability has also been small-scale However, if the ULLs were to be developed further and up-scaled to other suburbs, the ULLs have the potential for a more significant impact on sustainability, both short-term and long-term. The evaluations further reveal that the ULLs have lived up to the project definition to different degrees. Some joint challenges with the ULL approach can be identified. For example, most of the ULLs struggled with the involvement of users and stakeholder, especially in the earlier phases of developing and planning the ULL. Although the ULLs have integrated a variety of stakeholders and organizations in the co-development of new solutions and ideas, few lived up to the feature of having the users of the developed solutions and ideas as active partners during the entire processes. The development and planning process of the ULL integrated to a larger extent stakeholders (other than users) while users were more involved in the implementation and evaluation process. It should be noted that, although ideal, it is often not practically possible (or motivated) to include all relevant users and stakeholders in all stages of an ULL. For example, it can difficult to know beforehand who are the most relevant users and stakeholders but also, as evident in SubUrbanLab, difficult to get a long-term commitment to the ULL already from the start. However, one can raise the question if the Alby and Peltosaari ULLs would have had developed differently if it were possible to engage more users and stakeholders at an earlier stage in the process. Other conclusions and lessons learned include a request of development of evaluation approaches to evaluate social sustainability and demonstrating cost effectiveness of an ULL and an understanding of the impact of the decision-making structures of public sector on the ULL process and function. The presented results are primarily of interest for stakeholders interested in developing and establishing Urban Living Labs, as well as researchers on Urban Living Lab approach and other participatory approaches.
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| 28. |
- Larsson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Corporate responsibility in the garment industry : Towards shared value
- 2013
-
In: Sustainability in Fashion and Textiles. - : Greenleaf Publishing Ltd. - 9781906093785 ; , s. 262-276
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- There is no doubt that the textile industry - the production of clothing, fabrics, thread, fibre and related products - plays a significant part in the global economy. It also frequently operates with disregard to its environmental and social impacts. The textile industry uses large quantities of water and outputs large quantities of waste. As for social aspects, many unskilled jobs have disappeared in regions that rely heavily on these industries. Another serious and still unresolved problem is the flexibility textile industry companies claim to need. Faced with fierce international competition, they are increasingly unable to offer job security. This is without even considering the informal-sector work proliferating both in developing and developed countries. Child labour persists within this sector despite growing pressure to halt it. Fashion demands continuous consumption. In seeking to own the latest trends consumers quickly come to regard their existing garments as inferior, if not useless. "Old" items become unwanted as quickly as new ones come into demand. This tendency towards disposability results in the increased use of resources and thus the accelerated accumulation of waste. It is obvious to many that current fashion industry practices are in direct competition with sustainability objectives; yet this is frequently overlooked as a pressing concern.It is, however, becoming apparent that there are social and ecological consequences to the current operation of the fashion industry: sustainability in the sector has been gaining attention in recent years from those who believe that it should be held accountable for the pressure it places on the individual, as well as its contribution to increases in consumption and waste disposal. This book takes a wide-screen approach to the topic, covering, among other issues: sustainability and business management in textile and fashion companies; value chain management; use of materials; sustainable
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Munthe, John, et al.
(author)
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Vår Värld 2034 - Syntesrapport
- 2013
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Projektet Vår Värld 2034 har varit inriktat på en dialog om Sveriges roll i en hållbar framtid med ett hållbart nyttjande av naturresurser och en global välfärd. Fokus har legat på att diskutera vilka mer konkreta mål vi behöver sätta upp och genomföra senast år 2034 för att kunna nå visionen 2050. Projektets övergripande rekommendation är att vi behöver en nationell strategisk dialog om en omställning till en hållbar framtid, vad omställningen innebär för det svenska samhället, vilka möjligheter som näringslivet har att utvecklas och hur politiken ska utformas för att nå de uppsatta målen. Dialogen bör vara öppen och offentlig och ske mellan näringsliv, politiker, forskarsamhället och intresseorganisationer. En bred förankring i alla samhällssektorer är nödvändig för att undvika ställningstaganden som syftar att framhäva enskilda aktörer (partier, företag, branscher eller organisationer). Dialogen bör dels föras på en övergripande nivå med förankring på hög nivå i samhället, dels på en mer praktisk och tillämpad nivå till exempel branschvis eller i leverantörskedjor.
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| 31. |
- Nasiritousi, Naghmeh, 1983-, et al.
(author)
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Pluralising climate change solutions? : Views held and voiced by participants at the international climate change negotiations
- 2014
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In: Ecological Economics. - : Elsevier. - 0921-8009 .- 1873-6106. ; 105, s. 177-184
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Intergovernmental organisations have developed into important sites of normative contestation where increasingly non-state actors participate. A common puzzle is however whether engaged non-state actors represent already strong and established interests or if they also bring forth marginalised voices. This concern raises the pertinent question of what views non-state actors actually represent and if this adds to the perspectives voiced by state actors. This paper examines the views held and voiced by state and a range of non-state participants at the United Nation's climate change conferences. Specifically, questions on what types of climate change solutions are favoured and to what extent these solutions are discussed are addressed. Through statistical analyses of questionnaire data and a content analysis of abstracts of side-events to the conferences, we find that while non-state actors help in broadening the discursive space, some perspectives remain marginalised. We conclude that while non-state actors represent a pluralising force, greater non-state actor participation in intergovernmental organisations is on its own unlikely to lead to democratic global governance.
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| 32. |
- Stigson, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Prospects for Swedish acceptance of carbon dioxide storage in the Baltic Sea : Learning from other energy projects
- 2016
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In: Greenhouse Gases. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2152-3878. ; 6:2, s. 188-196
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As initiatives are taken in Sweden to evaluate the geological potential for carbon dioxide storage in the adjacent Baltic Sea, experiences from elsewhere may provide lessons about perceptions of and potential opposition toward carbon capture and storage (CCS). A comprehensive analysis of storage feasibility needs to include the issue of social acceptance. The knowledge of CCS is low in Sweden however and there are no Swedish CCS projects to learn from. This paper therefore draws on lessons from other large-scale energy projects that are embedded in similar Baltic Sea contexts to complement lessons on CCS acceptance provided in the literature. The aim of this study is to facilitate an understanding of acceptance of potential future CO2 storage initiatives in the Swedish Baltic Sea region and to analyze what contextual factors are likely to be determinative of the outcome of these and similar projects. The study identifies climate change as one such key contextual factor, which can often be used both to support and oppose a large-scale energy project. Furthermore, the study finds that there are perceptions of uncertainties regarding the regulatory framework that need to be ad-ressed in order to facilitate the planning of CCS projects in the region.
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| 33. |
- Stigson, Peter, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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The ambitions in Copenhagen Pledges : Country case studies of drivers and barriers
- 2013
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In: Greenhouse Gas Measurement and Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2043-0779 .- 2043-0787. ; 3:1-2, s. 21-36
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The climate pledges under the Copenhagen Accord have been evaluated by researchers in quantitative terms, but less attention has been provided on insights into what drove countries and what political barriers impeded countries to submit a pledge and the ambitiousness of the pledges. This article therefore highlights what the drivers and barriers are under the Copenhagen Accord and assesses whether the political considerations can be expected to differ from the positions under a binding climate regime under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. By means of case studies the research finds that the political origin differs and in general views that the Accord is viewed as adding to transparency and legitimacy of the negotiations. Moreover, while the pledges can be viewed as a separate regime, it should be complemented by emissions trading to spur increased ambition. The research also identifies that the pledges are commonly viewed as binding and that barriers are increasingly viewed as drivers seeing that costs of climate action is viewed as lower than inaction.
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| 34. |
- Svenfelt, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Scenarios for sustainable futures beyond GDP growth 2050
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The idea of continued economic growth is increasingly questioned and critically analysed on the basis of its potential negative sustainability impact. Along with the critique, visions and strategies for alternative systems need also be brought onto the agenda. The aim of this paper is to present the qualitative content of scenarios that explore sustainability strategies for Swedish society when economic growth is not seen as an end in itself, and the goal is instead other values/goals that society might wish to achieve. Multi-target backcasting scenarios are developed, that illustrate future states in which four sustainability targets (climate, land use, participation and resource security) are to be attained. The focus of the four scenarios is: 1) collaborative economy, 2) local self-sufficiency, 3) automation for quality of life, and 4) circular economy in the welfare state. In the paper, we also present the process of the development of the scenarios and feedback from stakeholders. Although the focus is on Sweden, the process and scenarios should also be relevant for other similar countries. The scenarios are discussed in terms of their relevance and their purpose, the fulfilment of the sustainability goals and the multi-target approach.
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| 35. |
- Svenfelt, Åsa, et al.
(author)
-
Scenarios for sustainable futures beyond GDP growth 2050
- 2019
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In: Futures. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0016-3287 .- 1873-6378. ; 111, s. 1-14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The idea of continued economic growth is increasingly questioned and critically analysed on the basis of its potential negative sustainability impact. Along with the critique, visions and strategies for alternative systems need also be brought onto the agenda. The aim of this paper is to present the qualitative content of scenarios that explore sustainability strategies for the Swedish society when economic growth is not seen as an end in itself, and instead the objective is other values/targets that society might wish to achieve. Multi-target backcasting scenarios are developed that illustrate future states in which four sustainability targets (climate, land use, participation, and resource security) are to be attained. The focus of these four scenarios is: 1) a Collaborative economy, 2) Local self-sufficiency, 3) Automation for quality of life, and 4) Circular economy in the welfare state. In the paper, we also present the process of the development of the scenarios, and feedback from stakeholders. Although the focus is on Sweden, the process and scenarios may also be relevant for other similar countries. The scenarios are discussed in terms of their relevance and their purpose, the fulfilment of the sustainability targets, and the multi-target approach.
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| 36. |
- Vollmer, Maike, et al.
(author)
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Initial Framework for Resilience Assessment
- 2016
-
Reports (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This report is targeting a framingof what SmartResilience actually wants to measure –“resilience”–,taking relevant research results and existing guidelinesand standardsinto account. This is especially challenging due to the vast variety of understandings, definitions, concepts, and applications of the term, including usages in different research areas or fields of application. In addition, for thereasonof this variety, a huge number of articlesand reportsdiscussing the term, its understandings and usages on a theoretical basis have been developed. Even several comprehensive reviews on the term, including qualitative and quantitative literature analyses as well as expert interviews, have already been conducted.SmartResilience starts with an initial concept of (critical infrastructure) resilience, which was already defined in the proposal phase of the project. Up-to-date comprehensive reviews on definitions and concepts of resilience, including critical infrastructure resilience, have been available from recent results prepared in the framework of projects that answer to the call topic EU H2020 DRS-07-2014 “Crises and disaster resilience –operationalizing resilience concepts”. The resulting reportshave been reviewed, identifying results that seem useful for the SmartResilience resilience definition and concept. Reviewing approaches and identifying aspects that seem useful for SmartResilience from selected additionalsources (international and US organisations, industry, standards) complemented the basis for framing the (still initial) SmartResilience resilience definition and concept.The initial definition has only slightly been changed, resulting in:Resilience of an infrastructure is the ability to understand risks, anticipate, prepare for, and adapt to changing conditions and withstand, respond to, and recover rapidly from disruption.However, the concept of resilience in a broader sense (including further framing questions such as resilience “of what” is in focus, what is the relation to vulnerability or risk management, how should the different levels and components of resilience be categorised) has been complemented, and slightly changed. Several aspects that were concluded based onthe reviews, are described in this report as issues to be considered and decided on when workingon the actual methodology (WP3), and/ or its application to specific SCI’s(WP2, WP5).This includes questions such asif a “transformative” character should be included as a main componentof resilience, or if “ability” and“capacity” should be distinguished, but also what to consider when identifyingrelevantissues for the resilience of specific SCI’s.Asfurther instrument forcreating and maintaining a common understanding, a first version of a glossary of terms that are relevant for SmartResilience has been developed, is online accessible,and will be continuously updated throughout the project.
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| 37. |
- Wedlin, Linda, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Regulators
- 2018
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In: Corporate Governance in Action. - New York/London : Routledge. ; , s. 43-74
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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