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- Sudre, C. H., et al.
(författare)
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Symptom clusters in COVID-19 : A potential clinical prediction tool from the COVID Symptom Study app
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science Advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 7:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As no one symptom can predict disease severity or the need for dedicated medical support in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we asked whether documenting symptom time series over the first few days informs outcome. Unsupervised time series clustering over symptom presentation was performed on data collected from a training dataset of completed cases enlisted early from the COVID Symptom Study Smartphone application, yielding six distinct symptom presenta- tions. Clustering was validated on an independent replication dataset between 1 and 28 May 2020. Using the first 5 days of symptom logging, the ROC-AUC (receiver operating characteristic – area under the curve) of need for respiratory sup- port was 78.8%, substantially outperforming personal characteristics alone (ROC-AUC 69.5%). Such an approach could be used to monitor at-risk patients and predict medical resource requirements days before they are required.
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- Grand, A., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the Mechanism of Deamination of 5,6-dihydro-5-methylcytosine with other cytosine derivatives
- 2012
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Ingår i: Theoretical Chemistry accounts. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-881X .- 1432-2234. ; 131:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanism of deamination of 5,6-dihydro-5-methylcytosine has been investigated theoretically and compared to those of other cytosine derivatives. The main goal is to understand the effect of C5-methylation and C5–C6 saturation upon the deamination rate. It is found that C5–C6 saturation tends to increase the local electrophilicity of the cytosine derivative on carbon C4. It is also concluded that C5-methylation displays an opposite effect on saturated versus unsaturated systems: on unsaturated systems, C5-methylation tends to increase the local electrophilicity on C4, while it reduces the local electrophilicity on C4 for saturated ones.
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- Grand, A., et al.
(författare)
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Deamination features of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, a radical and enzymatic DNA oxidation product
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Modeling. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1610-2940 .- 0948-5023. ; 20:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 5-methylcytosine derivative 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmCyt), which is generated via enzymatic oxidation, is sometimes referred to as the sixth nucleobase due to its widespread presence in the DNA of brain and embryonic stem cells. In this study, we used density functional based methods and reactivity indices from conceptual DFT to explore the mechanism and key features of the hydrolytic deamination of 5hmCyt. The data obtained are used to compare and contrast this deamination reaction with those of other cytosine derivatives. The deamination process for 5hmCyt is similar to the corresponding processes for other unsaturated derivatives in that the amino form is the reactive one and water addition is the rate-limiting step. However, several differences due to the rotameric asymmetry of the current system are also noted.
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- Kennedy, Beatrice, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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App-based COVID-19 syndromic surveillance and prediction of hospital admissions in COVID Symptom Study Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The app-based COVID Symptom Study was launched in Sweden in April 2020 to contribute to real-time COVID-19 surveillance. We enrolled 143,531 study participants (≥18 years) who contributed 10.6 million daily symptom reports between April 29, 2020 and February 10, 2021. Here, we include data from 19,161 self-reported PCR tests to create a symptom-based model to estimate the individual probability of symptomatic COVID-19, with an AUC of 0.78 (95% CI 0.74-0.83) in an external dataset. These individual probabilities are employed to estimate daily regional COVID-19 prevalence, which are in turn used together with current hospital data to predict next week COVID-19 hospital admissions. We show that this hospital prediction model demonstrates a lower median absolute percentage error (MdAPE: 25.9%) across the five most populated regions in Sweden during the first pandemic wave than a model based on case notifications (MdAPE: 30.3%). During the second wave, the error rates are similar. When we apply the same model to an English dataset, not including local COVID-19 test data, we observe MdAPEs of 22.3% and 19.0% during the first and second pandemic waves, respectively, highlighting the transferability of the prediction model.
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- Zhang, K. L., et al.
(författare)
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In-Office Needle Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review of Indications and Clinical Utility
- 2019
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Ingår i: Arthroscopy-the Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0749-8063. ; 35:9, s. 2709-2721
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This review explores the current literature regarding both the clinical indications and utility of minimally invasive in-office needle arthroscopy (IONA) relative to conventional imaging modalities. Methods: In compliance with R-AMSTAR (Revised Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews) and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines, 3 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed) were searched in July 2018, in addition to the conference abstract databases of 5 prominent meetings between 2013 and 2018, for studies using IONA for diagnostic purposes. Study quality was assessed with the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) criteria. Results: Among 932 conference abstracts and 369 studies identified, 11 publications involving 404 patients (395 knees and 9 shoulders) were included, with 9 clinical studies and 2 cost analyses. The median Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) score was 9 for noncomparative and 23 for comparative studies. Among the 9 clinical studies, IONA had a superior sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of knee osteoarthritis, anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency, and meniscal tears. IONA was comparable or inferior to MRI in the same parameters for the diagnosis of osteochondral defects and rotator cuff tears. In the 2 cost analyses, IONA had lower costs when used in place of MRI for treatment algorithms involving medial meniscal tears and rotator cuff tears but not lateral meniscal tears. Conclusions: IONA holds potential for cost savings and improved diagnostic accuracy relative to MRI, primarily for intra-articular meniscal, ligamentous, and chondral defects of the knee. However, its current indications for use in other joints are limited to rotator cuff tears in the shoulder, making its diagnostic value in other joints much more limited. The current quality and breadth of evidence are significantly lacking, with numerous practical shortcomings. To improve acceptance of IONA, priority should be placed on establishing defined protocols, indications, contraindications, and patient perspectives for the procedure.
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