SwePub - search: WFRF:(Carlsson Kanyama Annika)

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1.	Carlsson Kanyama, Karin, et al. (author) Climate change mitigation efforts among transportation and manufacturing companies : The current state of efforts in Sweden according to available documentation 2018 In: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 196, s. 588-593 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Globally, transportation and manufacturing emit large amount of greenhouse gases that needs to be lowered for reaching agreed upon slim ate goals. In this context evidence of mitigation activities among eighty-five companies and their forty-five parent companies in these two polluting sectors were traced focusing on a country that has committed itself to leading the implementation of ambitious climate mitigation goals worldwide. Documentation from the companies in the transportation and manufacturing sectors was scrutinized (yearly reports, homepages and sustainability reports, if available) for evidence of any mitigation efforts, including emissions reporting and reduction goals. The study's results found that two thirds of the companies seemed to have done nothing to mitigate climate change, while efforts in the remaining companies were modest at best; mitigation activities among the forty-five parent companies were only slightly more ambitious. The implications of these depressing findings are discussed in the light of possible caveats and the possibilities of new policy measures such as gender quotas in company boards. The conclusion is that the study's results most likely reflect reality in the studied sectors and that novel approaches and more sector oriented research is needed in the quest for a carbon-neutral society..
2.	Sandström, Camilla, Professor, 1967-, et al. (author) Policy goals and instruments for achieving a desirable future forest : Experiences from backcasting with stakeholders in Sweden 2020 In: Forest Policy and Economics. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9341 .- 1872-7050. ; 111 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The future of forests is a controversial issue in Sweden and elsewhere. Different stakeholder groups differ in the importance they give to roles they envision forests should have in, for example, the national economy, the protection of biodiversity and sustainable use of ecosystem services, and in mitigating climate change. We used participatory backcasting, a solution-oriented form of scenario analysis, as a method to identify stakeholders' various views as to what constitutes a desirable future forest in Sweden. By involving key stakeholders, we wanted to explore how to broaden the scope of potential solutions to the controversial issue of forest futures by analyzing goals, measures and policy instruments in order to form a bridge between stakeholders' policy objectives, and the instruments and support tools they would like to use to implement those policies. Preferences for particular policy instruments varied considerably among the stakeholder groups. In line with the literature, our study confirms that policy instruments are not mere empty vessels, but represent particular policy ideas, objectives and outlooks, and can show how stakeholders want forests to be governed in the future.
3.	Sandström, Camilla, et al. (author) Understanding consistencies and gaps between desired forest futures : An analysis of visions from stakeholder groups in Sweden 2016 In: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 45, s. S100-S108 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Conflicting perspectives on forests has for a long time challenged forest policy development in Sweden. Disagreements about forest futures create intractable deadlocks when stakeholders talk past each other. The purpose of this study is to move beyond this situation through the application of participatory backcasting. By comparing visions of the future forest among stakeholder groups, we highlight contemporary trajectories and identify changes that were conceived as desirable. We worked with four groups: the Biomass and Bioenergy group, the Conservation group, the Sami Livelihood group and the Recreation and Rural Development group; in total representatives from 40 organizations participated in workshops articulating the groups' visions. Our results show well-known tensions such as intrinsic versus instrumental values but also new ones concerning forests' social values. Identified synergies include prioritization of rural development, new valued-added forest products and diversified forest management. The results may feed directly into forest policy processes facilitating the process and break current deadlocks.
4.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Citizen participation and institutional coordination : an examination of public transport and land use planning in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania 2006 Reports (other academic/artistic)
5.	Mårald, Erland, 1970-, et al. (author) Forest governance and management across time : developing a new forest social contract 2017 Book (peer-reviewed)abstract The influence of the past, and of the future on current-time tradeoffs in the forest arena are particularly relevant given the long-term successions in forest landscapes and the hundred years' rotations in forestry. Historically established path dependencies and conflicts determine our present situation and delimit what is possible to achieve. Similarly, future trends and desires have a large influence on decision making. Nevertheless, decisions about forest governance and management are always made in the present – in the present-time appraisal of the developed situation, future alternatives and in negotiation between different perspectives, interests, and actors.This book explores historic and future outlooks as well as current tradeoffs and methods in forest governance and management. It emphasizes the generality and complexity with empirical data from Sweden and internationally. It first investigates, from a historical perspective, how previous forest policies and discourses have influenced current forest governance and management. Second, it considers methods to explore alternative forest futures and how the results from such investigations may influence the present. Third, it examines current methods of balancing tradeoffs in decision-making among ecosystem services. Based on the findings the authors develop an integrated approach – Reflexive Forestry – to support exchange of knowledge and understandings to enable capacity building and the establishment of common ground. Such societal agreements, or what the authors elaborate as forest social contracts, are sets of relational commitment between involved actors that may generate mutual action and a common directionality to meet contemporary challenges.
6.	Parekh, Vishal, et al. (author) Sverige måste hantera konsumtionens effekter 2018 In: Svenska dagbladet. - 1101-2412. Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
7.	Carlsson Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) 40% mindre växthusgasutsläpp från konsumtionen här och nu : Beräkningar givet förändrad konsumtion av mat, semestrande och inredning 2020 Reports (other academic/artistic)
8.	Carlsson Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Analysis of the environmental impacts of 218 consumption items : Greenhouse gas emissions, land use and water use per SEK and kg 2019 Reports (other academic/artistic)
9.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Carbon Dioxide Emission Associated to Swedish Import and Consumption : Calculations Using Different Methods 2007 Reports (other academic/artistic)
10.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika (author) Collaborative housing and environmental efficiency : The case of food preparation and consumption 2004 In: International Journal of Sustainable Development. - 0960-1406 .- 1741-5268. ; 7:4, s. 341-352 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In theory, food handling in collaborative housing systems could have a number of environmental advantages compared with households and food service institutions. This paper explores to what extent some of these theoretical advantages are realized in two collaborative housing units in a major Swedish city. Food-related energy use and waste flows were measured and compared with results from food service institutions and some data relevant for households. Results show that energy use for cooking decreases in collaborative houses compared with households but energy use for food storage increases. Plate and food preparation wastes are low in the studied collaborative houses but food leftovers may be abundant. The latter result depends on how the dining system is organized. A bottleneck for improving the environmental efficiency in collaborative housing is the static view of apartment design held by many architects and real estate owners. Another bottleneck may be the unwillingness of households to make advance commitments to daily dining.
11.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, 1954- (author) Consumption Patterns and Global Climate Change : Consequences of eating and travelling in Sweden 1999 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)
12.	Carlsson Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Dags för en nationell strategi för växtbaserade mejeriprodukter 2021 Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract Om vi konsumenter slutar att dricka komjölk och äta ost gjord av råvaror från djurriket och i stället utnyttjar alternativen från växter så medför det mycket stora vinster för miljön. Därför behöver Sverige en ny nationell strategi som påskyndar en omställning till växtbaserade alternativ till mejeriprodukter.
13.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika (author) Developing a Methodology to Assess Environmental Effects of Consumption Patterns - A Case Study 1994 Reports (other academic/artistic)
14.	Carlsson Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Differences in Environmental Impact between Plant-Based Alternatives to Dairy and Dairy Products: A Systematic Literature Review 2021 In: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract A large body of research suggests a more plant-based diet, including a switch to plant-based alternatives to dairy, is needed for lowering human-induced climate change as well as land and water use. With the help of a systematic literature review, we analyzed data from 21 peer-reviewed articles about the differences in emissions and resources used between various plant-based alternatives to dairy and dairy products. Emissions included were greenhouse gases, acidifying, eutrophicating, and ozone-depleting substances, and resource use included water, energy, and land. The results are presented as the quotients of the ratios of plant-based alternatives to dairy and dairy products. The comparison shows that the plant-based dairy alternatives have lower, or much lower, impacts in almost all cases, with two exceptions: water use for almond drinks (several studies) and emissions of ozone-depleting substances for margarine (one study). There is a lack of data concerning impacts other than greenhouse gas emissions for plant-based cheese alternatives; and in general, emissions of greenhouse gases are more highly covered than other impacts. In the quest for a swift transition to a low carbon economy, however, there is already enough evidence to proceed with a dietary change involving switching dairy products to plant-based alternatives.
15.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Energieffektivisering i bostaden. Förändringar i hushållsarbete för kvinnor och män. 2005 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Syftet med projektet har varit att kartlägga och analysera hur kvinnors och mäns vardagsliv förändras då de deltar i ett energibesparingsprojekt, avseende arbetsuppgifter, ansvarsfördelning och energieffektivt beteende. Detta omfattar förändringar i hemmets sysslor för män och kvinnor, hur mäns och kvinnors tidsanvändning och arbetsbörda förändrats, liksom deras vilja att delta i åtgärder för energisparande. Ett ytterligare syfte har varit att bättre förstå hur vardagslivet för män och kvinnor förändras på kort såväl som på lång sikt då man energihushållar i hemmet. En fråga i detta sammanhang är huruvida det utvecklas nya mönster för ansvarstagande i hemmet, som för med sig att den traditionella uppdelningen i manliga och kvinnliga uppgifter i hemmet luckras upp eller förstärks. En viktig uppgift har varit att ta fram och analysera ett empiriskt material genom att göra ett antal intervjuer med hushåll som deltagit i endera av tre olika typer av energisparprojekt/kampanjer som genomförts eller genomförs i Sverige. Till detta har fogats en teoretisk del med utgångspunkt i tidigare forskning om hushållens beteenden och beredskap för att spara energi och olika styrmedels effektivitet som incitament för att effektivisera sin egen energianvändning.
16.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Energy efficiency in residences - Challenges for women and men in the North 2007 In: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 35:4, s. 2163-2172 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In a Northern country such as Sweden, energy use in the home may be reduced by 20% through changes in behaviour. However, little is known about how households respond to policy instruments encouraging such change or to what degree this in turn may affect the workload of women and men in such communities. The current study presents findings from interviews with 30 households in Sweden that participated in intervention measures aimed at reducing energy use in the home and explores how the sexes divided the new household chores and their opinions regarding these. The empirical findings are analysed against a theoretical framework of behavioural change. Results from the interviews indicate that lower indoor temperature and fewer hot baths had a greater impact on women than on men. When electricity charges varied, the workload of women increased as they washed clothes and dishes at night and at weekends when electricity was cheaper. Women also refrained from using clothes' driers resulting in more time spent completing this chore. Based on these results we argue that a gender perspective in future intervention programmes in Northern communities may be useful as residential energy conservation in its present form affects the timing and types of household chores with resulting increased workload for women. How energy policy should change requires further analysis.
17.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Food and life cycle energy inputs : consequences of diet and ways to increase efficiency 2003 In: Ecological Economics. - 0921-8009 .- 1873-6106. ; 44:03-feb, s. 293-307 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Food consumption is one of the most polluting everyday activities when impacts during product life cycles are considered. Greenhouse gas emissions from the food sector are substantial and need to be lowered to stabilise climate change. Here, we present an inventory of life cycle energy inputs for 150 food items available in Sweden and discuss how energy efficient meals and diets can be composed. Energy inputs in food life cycles vary from 2 to 220 MJ per kg due to a multitude of factors related to animal or vegetable origin, degree of processing, choice of processing and preparation technology and transportation distance. Daily total life cycle energy inputs for diets with a similar dietary energy consumed by one person can vary by a factor of four, from 13 to 51 MJ. Current Swedish food consumption patterns result in life cycle energy inputs ranging from 6900 to 21,000 MJ per person and year. Choice of ingredients and gender differences in food consumption patterns explain the differences. Up to a third of the total energy inputs is related to snacks, sweets and drinks, items with little nutritional value. It is possible to compose a diet compatible with goals for energy efficiency and equal global partition of energy resources. However, such a diet is far from the Swedish average and not in line with current trends.
18.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika (author) Food and the Environment: Implications fo Swedish Consumption Patterns 1997 Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract [abstract missing]
19.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Framtidsstudier inom Europa : – vilka miljöfrågor lyfts fram? 2007 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Förord För att öka kunskaperna om hur olika aktörer ser på miljöfrågor i ett långsiktigt perspektiv, har Energi- och miljösäkerhetsgruppen vid Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket analyserat europeiska framtidsstudier. I uppdraget har ingått att beskriva vilka omvärldsfaktorer som är vanliga och i vad mån miljöpolitiken finns med på den europeiska dagordningen, som den beskrivs i framtidsstudierna. Analysen ingår i det underlag som Naturvårdsverket har tagit fram inför nästa svenska ordförandeskap i EU, andra halvåret 2009. Inom Naturvårdsverket har vi tidigare, på uppdrag av regeringen, lagt förslag till tänkbara svenska miljöprioriteringar under ordförandeskapet (Rapport 5619) och kommer till årsskiftet 2007/2008 att redovisa ett annat regeringsuppdrag, som ska fördjupa analysen kring några sakfrågor. Rapporten ”Framtidsstudier i Europa – vilka miljöfrågor lyfts fram?” har ett annat perspektiv som kompletterar de mer dagsaktuella förhandlingsfrågorna. Rapporten har skrivits av Annika Carlsson-Kanyama, Örjan Bodin och Peter Haldén, som alla hör till FOI:s grupp för energi- och miljösäkerhet. Författarna ansvarar själva för rapportens innehåll. Stockholm i juni 2007
20.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika (author) Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Life Cycle of Carrots and Tomatoes - Methods, Data and Results from a Study of the Types and Amounts of Carrots and Tomatoes Consumed in Sweden 1997 Reports (other academic/artistic)
21.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Hushållens energianvändning. Värderingar, beteenden, livsstilar och teknik. 2002 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract En litteraturöversikt.
22.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Hushållskunder på elmarknaden: Värderingar och beteenden 2004 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Man kan identifiera fem stora kundsegment på energimarknaden, nämligen hushåll i småhuslägenheter, hushåll i flerbostadshusens lägenheter, fastighetsägare till flerbostadshus, unga hushåll samt medelålders och äldre hushåll. Jämfört med energiföretagens andra kundsegment inom exempelvis industri, handel, service eller myndigheter är hushållssegmenten oorganiserade. De innehåller många hushåll med begränsat tekniskt kunnande, begränsad kunskap och förmåga att diskutera sin energisituation med energiföretagen, men däremot en betydande praktisk och beteendemässig vilja och erfarenhet att inrätta beteende och livsstil i en mera energieffektiv riktning. I synnerhet gäller detta i de äldre hushållen. De väsentliga parametrarna finns redan för att utveckla en informationsstrategi med ett behovsanpassat innehåll för varje målgrupp inom hushållens kundsegment på energimarknaden. Ur ett samhälleligt perspektiv visar resultaten att beteenderelaterade energisparpotentialer finns och även i vilka grupper de redan är uppfyllda. I det senare fallet har kombinationer av styrmedel över tid bidragit till ett energieffektivt beteende. En viktig erfarenhet för många hushåll har varit oljekriserna på 1970-talet. För att man skall kunna ta tillvarata de potentialer som ännu inte utnyttjats krävs olika styrmedel som varierar från ren information till produktutveckling samt kombinationer av dessa. Dagens nivåer på energianvändning i bostäderna är till vissa delar generationsberoende. Om framtida generationer eller dagens unga kommer att anlägga samma energisnåla beteenden som dagens äldre är ovisst. Vissa beteenden är enbart betingade av tidsknapphet och bekvämlighet. Det finns dock fortfarande utrymme för många typer av energieffektivisering i hushållen.
23.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Indirect and Direct Energy Requirements of City Households in Sweden : Options for Reduction, Lessons from Modeling 2005 In: Journal of Industrial Ecology. - : Wiley. - 1088-1980 .- 1530-9290. ; 9:1-2, s. 221-235 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The objective of this article is to explore the potential for lowering household energy use given existing local support systems, in this case in the Stockholm inner city with the aid of the Dutch energy analysis program (EAP) that was adapted to Swedish conditions and that portrays total energy use for 300 consumption categories. Previously such modeling for Sweden was carried out using only Dutch databases. Our case-study area is well equipped with food stores, local markets, public transportation, and entertainment, facilitating some energy-efficient consumption choices. With maintained expenditure levels but changed consumption patterns, current reduction potentials are on the order of 10-20%. Options concerning diet can lower food indirect energy use by up to 30%, whereas options in other areas have a lower potential. Further reductions will require enhanced local support systems, external as well as internal. The results indicate that it is risky not to use nationally adapted figures for energy efficiency in the production sectors when modeling household energy use, because potential for change may be overlooked. Future work should include foreign energy intensities when modeling imported goods; otherwise, results may be less reliable. The Swedish EAP needs further work before it can be put to use as a modeling tool for everyday behavior but it is already generating important possibilities for producing reliable data that can be used by local energy counselors.
24.	Carlsson Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Jämställdhetsarbetet inom transportsektorn långt ifrån färdigt 2024 In: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 182-182 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract Det finns sedan länge mål för jämställdhet inom transportsektorn vilket innebär att kvinnors och mäns transportbehov ska väga lika tungt i planeringen och att kvinnors och mäns erfarenheter, och attityder ska tillmätas lika vikt. Men hur står det till med att realisera dessa mål hos de olika svenska aktörer som är ansvariga för transportplaneringen på nationell, regional och lokal nivå? I en studie som gjorts av Trivector på uppdrag av Nätverket Jämställdhet inom Transportsektorn har dessa frågor besvarats genom en enkät riktad till Sveriges samtliga kommuner, 21 regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter, 21 länsplaneupprättare, samt sex ÅVS-planerare på Trafikverket. Svarsfrekvensen var knappt 36 procent. Svaren på denna enkät visar att fastän det finns en bra generell kunskap om könsskillnader när det gäller resvanor och attityder till resande omsätts denna kunskap sällan till åtgärder. Ofta saknas också uppgifter om kvinnors och mäns resande i den egna regionen och kommunen och ibland skulle sådana uppgifter lätt kunna tas fram utan att det görs. Detta leder till en könsblind planering där kvinnors erfarenheter, och attityder riskerar att förbises. Speciellt könsblind tycks planeringen vara när det kommer till barn då flickors och pojkars olika resvanor och attityder till resande i stort sett aldrig undersöks. En vanlig förenkling som används bland planerarna är antagandet om att kollektivtrafikåtgärder alltid främjar jämställdhet eftersom kvinnor oftare reser med kollektivtrafik. Svaren på enkäten visar också att det finns utmaningar med att förstå transportplaneringens roll för att bidra till de jämställdhetspolitiska delmålen som berör ekonomisk jämställdhet, jämställd hälsa och jämställd utbildning. Jämställdhet ses ofta som någonting utöver det ordinarie arbetet, som ska hanteras av andra förvaltningar eller är resurskrävande.I undersökningen identifieras en rad åtgärder som olika aktörer kan ta till för att accelerera jämställdhetsarbetet inom transportsektorn. Aktörerna finns på nationell, regional och lokal nivå och åtgärderna innefattar information och fortbildning, riktade forskningsutlysningar samt att ekonomiskt möjliggöra lokala undersökningar av bägge könens resvanor och preferenser.
25.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Miljöpolitik och styrmedel : fallstudie Kött 2006 Reports (other academic/artistic)
26.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Miljöpolitik och styrmedel: fallstudie Kläder 2006 Reports (other academic/artistic)
27.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Miljöpolitik och styrmedel. Två fallstudier: Kött och kläder 2006 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Många olika aktörer är på skilda sätt involverade under en produkts livscykel. Samhällets miljöpolitik syftar till hushållning med råvaror som resurser och att undvika eller minska negativ. Den första fallstudien behandlar kött och har sitt huvudsakliga fokus på miljöpolitikens styrmedel kring produktion och distribution, med utblick mot konsumtions- och avfallsfaserna. Livsmedelsprodukter har en lång historia i styrmedelstillämpning. De tidiga åtgärderna går mer än hundra år tillbaka i tiden och inriktar sig framför allt på säkra och hälsosamma produkter. Åtgärder kring miljö, både när det gäller produkter och djurhållning, kommer in i produktcykeln betydligt senare. Den andra fallstudien behandlar kläder. Även i denna fallstudie ligger fokus på produktion och distribution, men med några utblickar mot konsumtionsfasen. Klädprodukter kännetecknas av att tillverkningen alltmera flyttat utomlands. Nationell miljöpolitik får betydande svårigheter att påverka val av råvaror och kemikalier under produktionsprocessen. Samtidigt är kläder en produkt med tämligen kort användningstid. Moden och trender gör att kläder fort blir omoderna och kasseras. Produktionen har globaliserats medan konsumtion och avfallshantering är nationella.
28.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Odla under tak i eller nära bostaden 2014 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Within a project called “The sustainable greenhouse as a complement to buildings” financed by the Delegation of sustainable cities in Sweden, researchers, consultants and students have during 2013 developed, tested and evaluated various solutions for cultivating under roofs in or close to dwellings. We included solutions such as cultivating a plot in a rooftop greenhouse, a circular cultivation balcony or to cultivate in one’s kitchen or living room using a fish and vegetable furniture, a green wall, a green lamp or a green frame attached to the wall. The practical trials were preceded by a literature survey that described good examples of cultivation under roofs in various cities around the world.The results show that here are many inspiring examples of cultivating under roofs in cities and that such cultivation has gained some momentum. Our practical trials show among others that urban agriculture seems challenging and appealing for many but that the solutions that we have tested seem to be too expensive and partly also too time-consuming. Those who like to cultivate do so because it is fun and they can get products of good quality. To lessen the environmental impacts are also a reason but here our results that productivity in urban farming has to be higher than in our trials in order for the products to be considered as “climate-friendly”. Growing fish at home showed to be rather unpopular and many thought that slaughtering the fish by themselves would be nasty. Others results from the project are a water cooled LED lamp built in four copies and successfully installed in a fish and vegetable production unit as well as drawings and costs estimates for a cultivation bench.Proposals for further studies include analysis of flight and nutrient requirements for cultivation under roofs in cities as well as measurements of productivity. More low cost solutions for cultivating under glass should also be developed. To expand and maintain interest and knowledge for cultivation under roofs in cities is not only important for increasing social sustainability and eventually the environmental one as well but also because of the need to enhance preparedness.
29.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Potential contributions of food consumption patterns to climate change 2009 In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 89:5, s. S1704-S1709 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Anthropogenic warming is caused mainly by emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, with agriculture as a main contributor for the latter 2 gases. Other parts of the food system contribute carbon dioxide emissions that emanate from the use of fossil fuels in transportation, processing, retailing, storage, and preparation. Food items differ substantially when GHG emissions are calculated from farm to table. A recent study of approximate to 20 items sold in Sweden showed a span of 0.4 to 30 kg CO2 equivalents/kg edible product. For protein-rich food, such as legumes, meat, fish, cheese, and eggs, the difference is a factor of 30 with the lowest emissions per kilogram for legumes, poultry, and eggs and the highest for beef, cheese, and pork. Large emissions for ruminants are explained mainly by methane emissions from enteric fermentation. For vegetables and fruits, emissions usually are <= 2.5 kg CO2 equivalents/kg product, even if there is a high degree of processing and substantial transportation. Products transported by plane are an exception because emissions may be as large as for certain meats. Emissions from foods rich in carbohydrates, such as potatoes, pasta, and wheat, are <1.1 kg/kg edible food. We suggest that changes in the diet toward more plant-based foods, toward meat from animals with little enteric fermentation, and toward foods processed in an energy-efficient manner offer an interesting and little explored area for mitigating climate change.
30.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Residential energy behaviour: does generation matter? 2005 In: International Journal of Consumer Studies. - 1470-6431. ; 29:3, s. 239-253 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In this study we tested the relevance of the generational hypothesis, i.e. whether the era in which household members grew up matters when understanding and predicting their behaviour, on a sample of 600 Swedish households. These households participated in a survey where they answered questions about their own energy-related residential energy behaviour. The answers were analysed for differences between age groups, between different attitudes to environmental issues, between income levels and between dwelling types. The results showed that age was as good an indicator as the other parameters. In several areas, older households had a more energy-efficient residential behaviour than younger ones regarding laundry practices, indoor heat regulation and bathing. According to the generational hypothesis, this finding implies higher energy use in the future. The study also shows that there is a broad scope for improving residential energy behaviour in Swedish society by implementing changes in laundry avoiding practices, dishwashing behaviour and indoor temperature regulation.
31.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Rädda maten - Åtgärder för svinnminskande beteendeförändringar hos konsument 2018 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract I den här rapporten redovisas resultat av en litteraturstudie av studier där man har försökt minska matsvinnet genom någon form av intervention som inriktar sig på privatpersoner. De interventioner som fokuseras är åtgärder som har vidtagits för att för- ändra ett existerande beteende, och som har utvärderats på ett vetenskapligt sätt. Med matsvinn avses i den här rapporten livsmedel som skulle kunna ha ätits om det hanterats annorlunda, men som slängts. Privatpersoners matsvinn kan uppstå både i hemmen och när de äter på restaurang och i de studier vi har hittat har olika typer av åtgärder använts: t.ex. utbildning och information om betydelsen av att minska matsvinn; appar och andra hjälpmedel så att människor kan hålla reda på vad de har hemma och inte köper ny mat i onödan; liksom appar som gör att de kan dela överbliven mat. Man har också provat att helt enkelt ge gästerna mindre tallrikar när de äter ute. Privatpersoner kan också uppmuntras till att bidra till minskat matsvinn i andra delar av kedjan, till exempel genom att de uppmuntras till inköp av mat som närmar sig bäst-före-datum. Ofta har de interventioner som gjorts bara utvärderats med en liten grupp personer och långsiktiga utvärderingar av resultaten saknas helt. De utvärderingar som gjorts visar dock på en märkbar effekt, både vad gäller minskning av matsvinnet och vad gäller medvetandegörande och reflektion hos hushållen. Samtidigt finns en rad initiativ för att minska konsumentens matsvinn som inte utvärderats alls. Med tanke på matsvinnets miljömässiga och ekonomiska konsekvenser anser vi att det är väl värt att utvärdera en del av dessa pågående initiativ både kort-och långsiktigt, t.ex. de pågående initiativ som finns för att minska matsvinn från restauranger genom att sälja överbliven mat billigare. Vi anser också att interventioner som provats i andra länder också bör implementeras i Sverige, exempelvis olika hjälpmedel för att hålla reda på vad som finns i kylen samt för att stimulera delning av överbliven mat. Det finns också behov av mer forskning om hur individen och den omgivande samhällsstrukturen kan samverka för att minska matsvinnet samt behov av utvärdering med större grupper av hushåll än vad som gjorts hittills.
32.	Carlsson Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Shifting expenditure on food, holidays, and furnishings could lower greenhouse gas emissions by almost 40% 2021 In: Journal of Industrial Ecology. - : Wiley. - 1530-9290 .- 1088-1980. ; 25:6, s. 1602-1616 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper investigates how consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions from private households can be reduced. The aim is to quantify opportunities for mitigation through shifting expenditure on food, holidays, and furnishings to less carbon-intensive products and services that are available on the market but not yet mainstream. Two hundred and seventeen analyses of the greenhouse gas emissions/SEK for on-the-market products and services were used for estimating the consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions from an average person, an average single man and an average single woman. The consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions for these households were estimated to be 6.9, 10, and 8.5 tonnes per capita per year respectively; and food, holidays, and furnishings accounted for 56–59% of that. The alternatives to mainstream food, holidays, and furnishings include plant-based alternatives to meat and dairy products, locally produced vegetables, second-hand or repaired furnishings, holidaying abroad by train, and “staycations.” Our results show that total greenhouse gas emissions can be lowered by 36–38% by shifting the expenditure on these products and services to less carbon-intensive alternatives without changing the total expenditure. The share of total emissions deriving from food, holidays, and furnishings is reduced to 30–35% after the change. The findings are discussed in the light of goals for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, additional sustainability aspects, the limitations of the study and needs for further research. This article met the requirements for a silver–silver JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.
33.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika (author) Swedish Food Consumption and the Environment - A Trend Analysis During the Period of Consumerism 1995 Reports (other academic/artistic)
34.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Travel patterns and environmental effects now and in the future: implications of differences in energy consumption among socio-economic groups. 1999 In: Ecological Economics. - 0921-8009. ; 30, s. 405-417 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Travel patterns among different socio-economic groups in Sweden are investigated. It is shown that elderly persons, persons with low incomes and women in general do not travel extensively. Middle-aged persons, persons with high incomes and men travel much farther. Cars are the dominant transportation mode for all population groups. Aeroplanes are used mostly by high-income earners and men, while public transportation is mostly used by young people and women. Energy consumption for the different travel patterns differs substantially. Men with high incomes consume the most energy, with 94 000 MJ during one year, while elderly women consume 12 000 MJ. When compared to a calculated sustainable level of energy consumption for travel, most population groups are in excess. The level for sustainable energy consumption is calculated based on an assumed global potential for renewable energy of 360 EJ per year, divided equally among the global population. A certain share of this energy potential is supposed to be used for travelling. A scenario for 2020 is presented in which vehicle energy efficiency has increased and travel patterns have changed from what they are today. Sustainability can only be reached when both travel patterns and vehicle technology have changed radically. Differences in energy consumption for travel due to age and gender are likely to remain in the future. Scientific knowledge from the social domains seems to be important for devising efficient strategies for a sustainable society. Current focus on policy measures has been mainly on technical issues.
35.	Carlsson-Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) Trends in food production and consumption: Swedish experiences from environmental and cultural impacts 2001 In: International Journal of Sustainable Development. - 0960-1406. ; 4:4, s. 392-406 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Changes in Swedish food consumption patterns during recent decades are studied together with some possible future changes of importance for increasing resource efficiency. The increased consumption of meat and a more global food supply have contributed negatively. An increased interface with foreign food cultures through travelling and immigration are the main causes of these consumption changes. Meat consumption may decline while the consumption of organic and convenience foods may increase in the future. Environmental and health reasons will be the main causes, together with an increased acceptance among younger people of food cultures with vegetarian ingredients. Lack of time and skills for cooking and an increased supply of convenience foods are other causes. The environmental consequences of changes in food cultures may be beneficial but that depends partly on the locations of food industries and producers as well as methods used in farming and the food industry.
36.	Carlsson Kanyama, Annika, et al. (author) "We want to know where the line is" : comparing current planning for future sea-level rise with three core principles of robust decision support approaches 2019 In: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Routledge. - 0964-0568 .- 1360-0559. ; 62:8, s. 1339-1358 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Handling uncertainties is a major challenge in climate change adaptation. A variety of robust decision support approaches that aim for better management of uncertainty have recently been emerging and are used in environmental planning. The present study examined to what extent existing processes of planning for future sea-level rise in Sweden utilised similar approaches. Three core principles of robust decision support approaches were identified and used as a tool for analyzing five cases of planning for future sea-level rise in companies and authorities at different levels in society. The results show that planning processes typically do not embrace uncertainties, do not use a bottom-up approach and do not specifically aim for robustness, which points to a discrepancy between current planning paradigms and the core principles of robust decision support approaches.
37.	Carstens, Christoffer, et al. (author) Insights from Testing a Modified Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways Approach for Spatial Planning at the Municipal Level 2019 In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 11:2 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways (DAPP) approach has successfully been used to manage uncertainties in large infrastructure projects. However, the viability of the DAPP approach for spatial planning in smaller municipal settings is not clear. This paper examines opportunities and constraints of using adaptive pathways approaches to help small municipalities plan for future sea-level rise. The methodology was based on developing a simplified DAPP-approach, which was tested in a multiple experimental case study of spatial planning projects in three municipalities in Sweden. The results show that the approach promoted vulnerability-based thinking among the end-users and generated new ideas on how to manage the uncertain long-term impacts of future sea-level rise. However, the increased understanding of uncertainties was used to justify static, rather than adaptive, solutions. This somewhat surprising outcome can be explained by perceived legal constraints, lack of experience of adaptive pathways, and unwillingness to prescribe actions that could prove difficult to enforce in the future. More research is needed to further understand at what planning phases dynamic policy pathway approaches work best and how current barriers in legislation, practices, mind-set, organization, and resources can be overcome.
38.	Engström, Rebecka, et al. (author) Food losses in food service institutions : Examples from Sweden 2004 In: Food Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-9192 .- 1873-5657. ; 29:3, s. 203-213 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Lowering food losses is a potential measure to overcome hunger and reduce the ecological side effects from the food system. However, few observations of food losses have been reported in the literature during recent years. We studied food losses in four food service institutions in Stockholm, Sweden. The results show that about one-fifth of the food is lost. Plate waste is the single largest source of loss, at 11-13% of the amount of food served. Losses in food service institutions can be of significant economic value, and arable land equivalent to 1.5% of the area under cultivation in Sweden may be used to produce food eventually lost in food service institutions. The results indicate that the economic and environmental consequences of current levels of food losses may be substantial. More research is needed in order to better estimate levels, devise prevention strategies and identify policy implications.
39.	Eustachio Colombo, Patricia, et al. (author) Vegobarometern : En undersökning av svenskarnas benägenhet att välja vegetarisk mat under åren 2016-2019 2020 Reports (other academic/artistic)
40.	Fuentes, Christian, 1978, et al. (author) Environmental information in the food supply system. FOI, Stockholm 2006 Reports (other academic/artistic)
41.	Gonzalez, Alejandro D., et al. (author) Protein efficiency per unit energy and per unit greenhouse gas emissions : Potential contribution of diet choices to climate change mitigation 2011 In: Food Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-9192 .- 1873-5657. ; 36:5, s. 562-570 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The production, transport and processing of food products have significant environmental impacts, some of them related to climate change. This study examined the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions associated with the production and transport to a port in Sweden (wholesale point) of 84 common food items of animal and vegetable origin. Energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for food items produced in different countries and using various means of production were compared. The results confirmed that animal-based foods are associated with higher energy use and GHG emissions than plant-based foods, with the exception of vegetables produced in heated greenhouses. Analyses of the nutritional value of the foods to assess the amount of protein delivered to the wholesale point per unit energy used or GHG emitted (protein delivery efficiency) showed that the efficiency was much higher for plant-based foods than for animal-based. Remarkably, the efficiency of delivering plant-based protein increased as the amount of protein in the food increased, while the efficiency of delivering animal-based protein decreased. These results have implications for policies encouraging diets with lower environmental impacts for a growing world population.
42.	Gonzalez, A. D., et al. (author) Residential energy use in one-family households with natural gas provision in a city of the Patagonian Andean region 2007 In: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 35:4, s. 2141-2150 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Residential energy use was studied in one-family houses in the city of Bariloche, in the Patagonian Andean region of Argentina. A survey was conducted of households connected to the natural gas network to correlate use of gas, living area and number of inhabitants per house. The annual average consumption of gas was found to be 169 GJ, and consumption of electricity 8 GJ. This total energy use per household per year is almost double the average value reported for Stockholm, Sweden, although both locations have similar heating requirements. The difference was mainly due to heating energy consumption per unit living space, which in Bariloche was 1530 MJ/m(2) per year.. while in Stockholm the average is around 570 MJ/m(2) per year. The high energy consumption in Bariloche is explained primarily by the construction characteristics of the buildings, and secondarily by the efficiency of the heating devices used. We were able to conclude that subsidies on natural gas tariffs given to the residential sector do not promote a rational use of the resource. Furthermore, almost 40% of the population (mostly households in poverty) are not connected to the subsidised gas resource, but pay prices for alternative fuels that are between 10- and 15 times higher. Policies to improve buildings and appliances would reduce emissions and make access to energy more equitable.)
43.	Jonsson, Daniel K., et al. (author) Hälsokonsekvensbedömning i risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser : Förstudie om klimatförändringar och extrema väderhändelser 2006 Reports (other academic/artistic)
44.	Kamb, Anneli, et al. (author) Att äta hållbart? : En kartläggning av vad hållbar matkonsumtion kan innebära 2019 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Denna rapport har tagits fram inom forskningsprogrammet Mistra Sustainable Consumption – från nisch till mainstream som engagerar forskare från olika vetenskapliga discipliner och samhällspartners från offentlig sektor, näringsliv och civilsamhälle. Syftet med programmet är att stimulera en övergång till mer hållbar konsumtion. Forskningen är finansierad av Mistra, Stiftelsen för miljöstrategisk forskning, samt med medfinansiering från samtliga deltagande universitet och samhällspartners.
45.	Kanyama, Annika Carlsson, et al. (author) "The Greatest Benefit Is to Think Differently" : Experiences of Developing and Using a Web-Based Tool for Decision-Making under Deep Uncertainty for Adaptation to Sea Level Rise in Municipalities 2024 In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 16:5 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The need for handling the deep uncertainty surrounding the future climate has led to various novel and robust approaches for decision-making under deep uncertainty (DMDU) when adapting to climate change. Here, an online and self-explanatory web-based tool was developed and tested with civil servants from five municipalities in Sweden challenged by rising sea levels. The municipalities used the tool by themselves and were then interviewed about the usability of the tool, the perceived urgency of climate change adaptation, and the possibilities for municipalities for handling the flexible solutions that are at the core of DMDU. Results were that the civil servants reported that the urgency of climate change adaptation has increased, that the tool changed their perspectives compared to traditional planning methods, and that changes in laws and regulations to accommodate decisions about flexible solutions were recommended.
46.	Katzeff, Cecilia, Associate professor, 1957-, et al. (author) Share or waste? : Using an ICT-platform to share food on a university campus 2019 In: ICT for Sustainability. - : Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT, Finland. ; , s. 1-7 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Considering that food production for human consumption has a large environmental impact, food waste is major challenge for sustainable development. Although food waste occur at all phases in the food supply chain, private consumption has been identified as a major phase of food waste generation. Intervening at this phase provides an opportunity of change. The article reports the testing of a digital prototype designed to facilitate for employees and students at a university campus to share food. A representative group tested the prototype and associated food sharing activities for two weeks. At the closing of the test period they filled in a questionnaire evaluating their experience. Twenty-three responses were obtained showing that twelve people used the prototype for collecting food, whereas nine used it for sharing their food. Six people did both. Main reasons for not collecting food included lack of time, unavailability of shared food in their proximity and inaccessibility of spaces where food was located. Main reasons for not sharing food were that they lack of food to share, lack of time, and that sharing was possible without the prototype. General conclusions from the study are that people will use a digital service for sharing food in the workplace if there is a critical mass of users and if an effective organization of sharing and collecting food is provided.
47.	Klintman, Mikael, et al. (author) Frivillig enkelhet: ett hållbart sätt att ta samhällsansvar? 2013 In: Generationsmålet: kontroverser kring klimat och konsumtion. - 9789175042626 Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
48.	Larsson, Billy, 1956, et al. (author) Klimatfrågan kräver en ny global etik 2012 In: Göteborgs Posten. - 1103-9345. ; :12 Augusti 2012 Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
49.	Lindén, Anna-Lisa, et al. (author) Consumers and Globalised Products. 2008 In: Global Sustainable Development: A challenge for Consumer Citizens.. Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract When production is outsourced consumers possibilities to inform themselves about production processes is reduced. Information instruments for consumers, e.g. labelling, are more difficult to apply when materials and chemicals used during production cannot be monitored easily. The globalisation of production and consumption is a challenge for consumers as regards quality of products. This paper uses three Swedish case studies on batteries, clothing and meat to analyse how globalisation of consumption affects environmental performance, safety of products and effectiveness policy instruments. The empirical materials employed included legislation, other written documents, and interviews with officials in ministries, authorities, production and distribution organisations including importers.
50.	Lindén, Anna-Lisa, et al. (author) Dagens livsstilar i framtidens perspektiv 1998 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract In general patterns of lifestyles and behaviour are involved in a complex of factors and social circumstances which easily get lost in analysing the relation between attitudes and behaviour separately. In processes where behaviour are expected to change in a direction where environmental impacts are considered social factors should not be neglected. Even small changes in behaviour have to be coordinated with social measures organised in a way that make change as ”subjectively convenient” as possible for the individual or the household. In the analysis aspects of behavioural change ranging from sheer resistance to change, changing habits, planning behavioural change or reconsidering lifestyle changes are discussed in relation to different kinds of measures and the degree of dependence on structural as well as organisational factors in a society. Most difficult are transformations which have consequencies for several spheres of life, effects for other members in the household and lead to reorganising everyday life routines and time scedules. Nevertheless such changes are asked for and urgent from long term environmental perspectives. Reduce going by private cars in favor of using public transportation is one example of reconsidering patterns of behaviour and lifestyles. In the report individuals´ choice of mode of transportation, travelled distances, energy use for transportation and impacts on the environment are analysed in relation to age, sex and income variables. The differences in aspects of travelling between social groups are important for aspects of environmental impact. For the years 2020 and 2050 patterns of travelling and environmental impacts are calculated which in a hypothetical way takes behavioural and technical changes in consideration. The calculated examples shows that a theoretically discussed level of sustainablitity for transportation is a challenge for individuals as well as for society.

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