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| 3. |
- Sodergren, S. C., et al.
(author)
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International Validation of the EORTC QLQ-ANL27, a Field Study to Test the Anal Cancer–Specific Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3016. ; 115:5, s. 1155-1164
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) health-related quality of life questionnaire for anal cancer (QLQ-ANL27) supplements the EORTC cancer generic measure (QLQ-C30) to measure concerns specific to people with anal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy. This study tested the psychometric properties and acceptability of the QLQ-ANL27. Methods and Materials: People with anal cancer were recruited from 15 countries to complete the QLQ-C30 and QLQ-ANL27 and provide feedback on the QLQ-ANL27. Item responses, scale structure (multitrait scaling, factor analysis), reliability (internal consistency and reproducibility) and sensitivity (known group comparisons and responsiveness to change) of the QLQ-ANL27 were evaluated. Results: Data from 382 people were included in the analyses. The EORTC QLQ-ANL27 was acceptable, comprehensive, and easy to complete, taking an average 8 minutes to complete. Psychometric analyses supported the EORTC QLQ-ANL27 items and reliability (Cronbach's α ranging from 0.71-0.93 and test-retest coefficients above 0.7) and validity of the scales (particularly nonstoma bowel symptoms and pain/discomfort). Most scales distinguished people according to treatment phase and performance status. Bowel (nonstoma), pain/discomfort, and vaginal symptoms were sensitive to deteriorations over time. The stoma-related scales remained untested because of low numbers of people with a stoma. Revisions to the scoring and question ordering of the sexual items were proposed. Conclusions: The QLQ-ANL27 has good psychometric properties and is available in 16 languages for people treated with chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer. It is used in clinical trials and has a potential role in clinical practice.
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| 5. |
- Gong, Yilun, et al.
(author)
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Assessment of corrosive attack of Fe9Cr1Mo alloys in pressurised CO2 for prediction of breakaway oxidation
- 2023
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In: Corrosion Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-938X .- 1879-0496. ; 222
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To provide clarity on the poorly-understood mechanism of breakaway oxidation, corrosion of Fe9Cr1Mo steel in pressurised CO2 is quantified and modelled. The temperature range 400-640 degrees C, relevant to nuclear power plants, is emphasised. Attack is in the form of combined oxide scale growth and internal carburisation of the metal. Carbon activity in the metal at its surface exhibits a strong time dependence consistent with the kinetically-limited transport of carbon due to the slow Boudouard reaction. Breakaway is associated with the approach to saturation of the steel with respect to carbon. Diffusion modelling agrees well with steel carbide precipitation observations.
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| 7. |
- Nieminen, P., et al.
(author)
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gamma-ray spectroscopy of Bi-191,Bi-193
- 2004
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 69:6, s. 064326-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Prompt and delayed gamma rays from Bi-191,Bi-193 have been identified using the recoil-decay tagging, isomer tagging, and recoil gating techniques, resulting in extensive level schemes for both nuclei. Excitation energies of the isomeric 13/2(+) states have been established and oblate strongly coupled bands built on them have been observed. The nearly spherical 9/2(-) ground-state bands appear to be crossed by more oblate-deformed low-lying structures. The properties of the bands feeding the 1/2(+) intruder states indicate some structural change between Bi-193 and Bi-191. The deformation associated with each of these states has been extracted from total Routhian surface calculations which also reveal the development of prolate minima with decreasing neutron number. B(M1)/B(E2) ratios have been measured for the observed strongly coupled bands in order to resolve the intrinsic excitations. The observed quasiparticle structures in Bi-193 and high-spin isomers both in Bi-193 and Bi-191 are interpreted based on the coupling of the odd proton to the even-even Pb core.
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| 8. |
- Tong, M., et al.
(author)
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An integrated framework for multi-scale multi-physics numerical modelling of interface evolution in welding
- 2012
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In: IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng..
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The project Modelling of Interface evolution in advanced Welding (MIntWeld) is a 4-year international research project funded by the European Commission under their FP7 programme. Its main target is to develop a numerical toolbox which can be used to predict the evolution of interfaces during welding. There are various interfaces involving multiple phenomena and different spatial scales, which can be simulated using corresponding numerical modelling methods respectively. The modelling methods include quantum dynamics, molecular dynamics, phase field, phase field crystal, computational fluid dynamics, phase transformation and heat transfer, thermodynamics, continuum mechanics and life and defects prediction. Although each modelling method is based on different physical theories and involves different scales, they are not isolated. Therefore, this project aims to design a common framework which couples each model with the upstream and/or downstream model at the relevant neighbouring length scales. The data exchange framework which underpins the coupling of the models is described, and typical examples addressing the solution to the challenges faced, such as those of data interpolation between one discretisation of the computational domain and another, are discussed. Initial successes from the model-linking efforts of the authors are also presented.
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| 9. |
- Whytock, K. L., et al.
(author)
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A 7-day high-fat, high-calorie diet induces fibre-specific increases in intramuscular triglyceride and perilipin protein expression in human skeletal muscle
- 2020
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In: Journal of Physiology-London. - : Wiley. - 0022-3751 .- 1469-7793. ; 598:6, s. 1151-1167
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Key points We have recently shown that a high-fat, high-calorie (HFHC) diet decreases whole body glucose clearance without impairing skeletal muscle insulin signalling, in healthy lean individuals. These diets are also known to increase skeletal muscle IMTG stores, but the effect on lipid metabolites leading to skeletal muscle insulin resistance has not been investigated. This study measured the effect of 7 days' HFHC diet on (1) skeletal muscle concentration of lipid metabolites, and (2) potential changes in the perilipin (PLIN) content of the lipid droplets storing intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG). The HFHC diet increased PLIN3 protein expression and redistributed PLIN2 to lipid droplet stores in type I fibres. The HFHC diet increased IMTG content in type I fibres, while lipid metabolite concentrations remained the same. The data suggest that the increases in IMTG stores assists in reducing the accumulation of lipid metabolites known to contribute to skeletal muscle insulin resistance. A high-fat, high-calorie (HFHC) diet reduces whole body glucose clearance without impairing skeletal muscle insulin signalling in healthy lean individuals. HFHC diets also increase skeletal muscle lipid stores. However, unlike certain lipid metabolites, intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG) stored within lipid droplets (LDs) does not directly contribute to skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Increased expression of perilipin (PLIN) proteins and colocalisation to LDs has been shown to assist in IMTG storage. We aimed to test the hypothesis that 7 days on a HFHC diet increases IMTG content while minimising accumulation of lipid metabolites known to disrupt skeletal muscle insulin signalling in sedentary and obese individuals. We also aimed to identify changes in expression and subcellular distribution of proteins involved in IMTG storage. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the m. vastus lateralis of 13 (11 males, 2 females) healthy lean individuals (age: 23 +/- 2.5 years; body mass index: 24.5 +/- 2.4 kg m(-2)), following an overnight fast, before and after consuming a high-fat (64% energy), high-calorie (+47% kcal) diet for 7 days. After the HFHC diet, IMTG content increased in type I fibres only (+101%; P < 0.001), whereas there was no change in the concentration of either total diacylglycerol (P = 0.123) or total ceramides (P = 0.150). Of the PLINs investigated, only PLIN3 content increased (+50%; P 0.01) solely in type I fibres. LDs labelled with PLIN2 increased (+80%; P < 0.01), also in type I fibres only. We propose that these adaptations of LDs support IMTG storage and minimise accumulation of lipid metabolites to protect skeletal muscle insulin signalling following 7 days' HFHC diet.
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| 10. |
- Bark, R A, et al.
(author)
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Bandcrossings in Os-171
- 1999
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In: Nuclear Physics A. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 646:4, s. 399-413
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The nucleus Os-171 has been populated using the reaction Sn-116(Ni-58,2pn). Four new bands are identified, and the previously known bands are extended in spin, to a maximum of 53/2 (h) over bar. One- and three-quasiparticle configurations are identified, and beta, gamma, and octupole configurations are assigned tentatively. The effects of a possible intruder configuration on the negative parity bands are tested using band-mixing calculations.
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| 11. |
- Bark, R A, et al.
(author)
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Coexistence of triaxial and prolate shapes in Ir-171
- 1999
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In: Nuclear Physics A. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 657:2, s. 113-133
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Excited states in Ir-171 have been observed for the first time. Gamma-rays were assigned to the nucleus by the recoil-decay tagging method, The ground-state band has a structure consistent with an h(11/2) proton coupled to a core of large triaxial deformation. At high spins, a bandcrossing occurs which is interpreted as a change in shape to a prolate deformation, Band-mixing calculations are performed for Ir171-175. These show that shape-coexistence between triaxial and prolate states in these nuclei follows the same systematics found in their Pt and Os neighbours. The systematics are also compared with deformations calculated for Ir171-179 using the code "Ultimate Cranker". Dipole bands were also observed, but tilted axis cranking calculations suggest that they are associated with a collective rotation.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Cederwall, Bo, et al.
(author)
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Collective rotational-vibrational transition in the very neutron-deficient nuclei (171,172)-Pt
- 1998
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In: Physics Letters B. - AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS : ELSEVIER SCIENCE. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 443:1-4, s. 69-76
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Excited states have been identified for the first time in very neutron deficient Pt-171.172 nuclei using the recoil-or-decay tagging technique. The ground-state band in Pt-172 has been established up to I-pi = 8+. A similar level sequence, presumably built on the I-pi = 13/2(+) state, is observed for Pt-171. The data are compared with theoretical calculations based on the mean field approach and the random phase approximation and are put into the context of the systematics of platinum isotopes. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 14. |
- Cocks, Alan C F, et al.
(author)
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Compaction models
- 2007
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In: Modelling of powder die compaction. - London : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9781846280986 - 9781846280993 ; , s. 43-64
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 15. |
- Joss, D. T., et al.
(author)
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Identification of excited states in Os-167 and Os-168 : shape coexistence at extreme neutron deficiency
- 2001
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In: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier. - 0375-9474 .- 1873-1554. ; 689:04-mar, s. 631-654
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Excited states in the very neutron-deficient isotopes Os-167 and Os-168 have been observed using the reaction Sn-112(Ni-58, 2pxn). The JUROSPHERE gamma -ray spectrometer array was used in conjunction with the RITU gas-filled recoil separator to collect prompt gamma radiation in coincidence with recoils implanted in a silicon strip detector located at the focal plane of RITU. Using a selective recoil decay tagging technique it has been possible to unambiguously assign gamma -ray transitions to Os-167 and Os-168 through the characteristic a radioactivity of these nuclides. The high-spin structure of the bands is discussed in terms of quasiparticle configurations within the framework of the cranked shell model. The role of shape coexistence in Os-168 is examined with phenomenological three-band mixing calculations.
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| 16. |
- Joss, D. T., et al.
(author)
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Strongly coupled bands in the neutron-deficient nucleus Re-167
- 2003
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 68:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Excited states in the neutron-deficient nucleus Re-167 have been observed in a recoil-tagging experiment performed with the Jurosphere gamma-ray spectrometer in conjunction with the RITU gas-filled recoil separator. The low-spin yrast band, based on a proton h(11/2) orbital, comprises a strongly coupled band and exhibits significant signature splitting, indicative of a triaxial shape with gamma<0degrees. At higher spin the rotational alignment of a pair of i(13/2) neutrons induces a transition to an axial prolate shape resulting in a drastic reduction of the signature splitting. Two other strongly coupled bands have been established and their structures are discussed in terms of quasiparticle configurations.
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| 17. |
- Joss, D. T., et al.
(author)
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Yrast spectroscopy in the neutron-deficient nucleus Os-169
- 2002
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 66:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Excited states in the neutron-deficient isotope Os-169 have been identified for the first time in an experiment using the Jurosphere gamma-ray spectrometer in conjunction with the Ritu gas-filled recoil separator. The problems associated with identifying neutron-deficient isotopes produced with low fusion cross sections against a high background of competing channels, including fission, have been overcome by using the recoil-decay tagging technique. The band structures observed in Os-169 are interpreted in the context of the systematics of neighboring nuclei and the predictions of cranked Woods-Saxon calculations. The systematics of the second (i(13/2))(2) neutron alignment in this region are discussed.
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| 18. |
- King, S L, et al.
(author)
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First observation of excited states in the neutron deficient nuclei (PT)-P-168 and Pt-170
- 1998
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In: Physics Letters B. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 443:1-4, s. 82-88
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Excited states have been observed for the first time in (XPt)-X-168 and Pt-170 using the alpha-decay recoil-tagging technique. The trend of decreasing deformation moving away from the N = 104 mid-shell continues far Pt-170 but the structure of Pt-168 is significantly different. The low spin level energy systematics in Pt168-184 are presented and discussed within the framework of the interacting boson model. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 19. |
- Macleod, Colin, et al.
(author)
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Eyelash Epilation in the Absence of Trichiasis : Results of a Population-Based Prevalence Survey in the Western Division of Fiji
- 2017
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In: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1935-2727 .- 1935-2735. ; 11:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background The WHO definition of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is "at least one eyelash touching the globe, or evidence of recent epilation of in-turned eyelashes ", reflecting the fact that epilation is used as a self-management tool for TT. In Fiji's Western Division, a high TT prevalence (8.7% in those aged >= 15 years) was reported in a 2012 survey, yet a 2013 survey found no TT and Fijian ophthalmologists rarely see TT cases. Local anecdote suggests that eyelash epilation is a common behaviour, even in the absence of trichiasis. Epilators may have been identified as TT cases in previous surveys. Methods We used a preliminary focus group to design an interview questionnaire, and subsequently conducted a population-based prevalence survey to estimate the prevalence of epilation in the absence of trichiasis, and factors associated with this behaviour, in the Western Division of Fiji. Results We sampled 695 individuals aged >= 15 years from a total of 457 households in 23 villages. 125 participants (18%) reported epilating their eyelashes at least once within the past year. Photographs were obtained of the eyes of 121/125 (97%) individuals who epilated, and subsequent analysis by an experienced trachoma grader found no cases of trachomatous conjunctival scarring or trichiasis. The age-and sex-adjusted prevalence of epilation in those aged >= 15 years was 8.6% ( 95% Cl 5.7-11.3%). iTaukei ethnicity, female gender, and a higher frequency of drinking kava root were independently associated with epilation. Conclusion Epilation occurs in this population in the absence of trichiasis, with sufficient frequency to have markedly inflated previous estimates of local TT prevalence. Individuals with epilated eyelashes should be confirmed as having epilated in-turned eyelashes in an eye with scarring of the conjunctiva before being counted as cases of TT.
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| 25. |
- Musoro, ZJ, et al.
(author)
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Establishing anchor-based minimally important differences (MID) with the EORTC quality-of-life measures: a meta-analysis protocol
- 2018
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In: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 8:1, s. e019117-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As patient assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in cancer clinical trials has increased over the years, so has the need to attach meaningful interpretations to differences in HRQOL scores between groups and changes within groups. Determining what represents a minimally important difference (MID) in HRQOL scores is useful to clinicians, patients and researchers, and can be used as a benchmark for assessing the success of a healthcare intervention. Our objective is to provide an evidence-based protocol to determine MIDs for the European Organisation for Research and Treatment for Cancer Quality of life Questionnaire core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). We will mainly focus on MID estimation for group-level comparisons. Responder thresholds for individual-level change will also be estimated.Methods and analysisData will be derived from published phase II and III EORTC trials that used the QLQ-C30 instrument, covering several cancer sites. We will use individual patient data to estimate MIDs for different cancer sites separately. Focus is on anchor-based methods. Anchors will be selected per disease site from available data. A disease-oriented and methodological panel will provide independent guidance on anchor selection. We aim to construct multiple clinical anchors per QLQ-C30 scale and also to compare with several anchor-based methods. The effects of covariates, for example, gender, age, disease stage and so on, will also be investigated. We will examine how our estimated MIDs compare with previously published guidelines, hence further contributing to robust MID guidelines for the EORTC QLQ-C30.Ethics and disseminationAll patient data originate from completed clinical trials with mandatory written informed consent, approved by local ethical committees. Our findings will be presented at scientific conferences, disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and also compiled in a MID ‘blue book’ which will be made available online on the EORTC Quality of Life Group website as a free guideline document.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Van de Vel, K., et al.
(author)
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Identification of low-lying proton-based intruder states in Pb189-193
- 2002
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In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 65:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Low-lying proton-based intruder states have been observed in the odd-mass isotopes Pb-189,Pb-191,Pb-193 in experiments at the RITU gas-filled recoil separator. The identification has been performed by observing the fine structure in the alpha decay of the parent Po-193,Po-195,Po-197 nuclei in prompt coincidence with conversion electrons and gamma rays in the daughter lead isotopes. Along with the literature data these results establish a systematics of intruder states in the odd-mass lead isotopes from Pb-197 down to Pb-185. Interpretation of these states involves the coupling of the 1i(13/2) or 3p(3/2) odd neutron to the 0(+) state in the oblate minimum in the even-mass lead core. Conversion coefficients have been determined for some of the transitions, revealing mixing between the coexisting states. The experimental results are compared to potential energy surface calculations.
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