| 1. |
- Ahnesjö, Jonas, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Organized recreational fishing in school, knowledge about nature and influence on outdoor recreation habits
- 2020
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In: Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education. - : Springer. - 2206-3110 .- 2522-879X. ; 23:3, s. 261-273
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study we have investigated the effectiveness of a one day school-basedintervention with recreational fishing (in Swedish called Klassdraget) in increasingenvironmental awareness, interest in nature and recreational fishing in pupils agedbetween 8 and 12. Our results suggest a weak positive association between exposure tonatural environments in a recreational fishing context and interest in nature andrecreational fishing. We found the intervention to have no effect on the frequency offishing, interest in fishing more, or number of visits in nature during spare time.Knowledge about nature and possibly also environmental awareness are positivelyaffected and these effects can be traced as long as three years after the intervention. Ourfindings also reveal a low correlation between frequency of nature visits and selfreportedinterest in nature. The observed effects of Klassdraget are small but appear tobe larger for girls, who are traditionally less interested in recreational fishing whencompared with boys.
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| 2. |
- Ahnesjö, Jonas, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Recreational fishing in an educational intervention context promotes awareness and knowledge about nature in schoolchildren
- 2013
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Outdoor activities may be intuitively associated with interest for nature and environmental concern. However, most scientific studies suggest that no such correlation exists. In this quantitative study we have used a questionnaire and explored the hypothesis that a one day educational intervention may be a successful tool in increasing environmental awareness, interest for nature and interest for recreational fishing. We present evidence suggesting that educational interventions in which young people are exposed to natural environments in a recreational fishing context have positive effects on interest for nature and recreational fishing, knowledge about nature and environmental awareness. Our findings also reveal that frequency of nature visits does not correlate with self estimated interest for nature. We also show that the observed effects of the educational intervention “Klassdraget” appear to be larger for the girls which are, by tradition, less interested in recreational fishing as compared to boys.
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| 3. |
- Danielsson, Tom, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Aerobic capacity predict skeletal but not cardiac muscle damage after triathlon : the Iron(WO)man study
- 2020
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1, s. 1-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examines the association between aerobic capacity and biomarkers of skeletal- and cardiac muscle damage among amateur triathletes after a full distance Ironman. Men and women (N = 55) were recruited from local sport clubs. One month before an Ironman triathlon, they conducted a 20 m shuttle run test to determine aerobic capacity. Blood samples were taken immediately after finishing the triathlon, and analyzed for cardiac Troponin T (cTnT), Myosin heavy chain-a (MHC-a), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), Creatin Kinas (CK), and Myoglobin. Regression models examining the association between the biomarkers and aerobic capacity expressed in both relative terms (mLO2*kg−1*min−1) and absolute terms (LO2*min−1) controlled for weight were fitted. A total of 39 subjects (26% females) had complete data and were included in the analysis. No association between aerobic capacity and cardiac muscle damage was observed. For myoglobin, adding aerobic capacity (mLO2*kg−1*min−1) increased the adjusted r2 from 0.026 to 0.210 (F: 8.927, p = 0.005) and for CK the adjusted r2 increased from -0.015 to 0.267 (F: 13.778, p = 0.001). In the models where aerobic capacity was entered in absolute terms the adjusted r2 increased from 0.07 to 0.227 (F: 10.386, p = 0.003) for myoglobin and for CK from -0.029 to 0.281 (F: 15.215, p < 0.001). A negative association between aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle damage was seen but despite the well-known cardio-protective health effect of high aerobic fitness, no such association could be observed in this study.
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| 4. |
- Danielsson, Tom, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Blood biomarkers in male and female participants after an Ironman-distance triathlon
- 2017
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In: PLOS ONE. - : PLOS. - 1932-6203. ; 12:6, s. 1-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: While overall physical activity is clearly associated with a better short-term and long-term health, prolonged strenuous physical activity may result in a rise in acute levels of blood-biomarkers used in clinical practice for diagnosis of various conditions or diseases. In this study, we explored the acute effects of a full Ironman-distance triathlon on biomarkers related to heart-, liver-, kidney- and skeletal muscle damage immediately post-race and after one week's rest. We also examined if sex, age, finishing time and body composition influenced the post-race values of the biomarkers.METHODS: A sample of 30 subjects was recruited (50% women) to the study. The subjects were evaluated for body composition and blood samples were taken at three occasions, before the race (T1), immediately after (T2) and one week after the race (T3). Linear regression models were fitted to analyse the independent contribution of sex and finishing time controlled for weight, body fat percentage and age, on the biomarkers at the termination of the race (T2). Linear mixed models were fitted to examine if the biomarkers differed between the sexes over time (T1-T3).RESULTS: Being male was a significant predictor of higher post-race (T2) levels of myoglobin, CK, and creatinine levels and body weight was negatively associated with myoglobin. In general, the models were unable to explain the variation of the dependent variables. In the linear mixed models, an interaction between time (T1-T3) and sex was seen for myoglobin and creatinine, in which women had a less pronounced response to the race.CONCLUSION: Overall women appear to tolerate the effects of prolonged strenuous physical activity better than men as illustrated by their lower values of the biomarkers both post-race as well as during recovery.
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| 5. |
- Danielsson, Tom, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Peak oxygen uptake predicts finishing- and segment time in a full distance Ironman
- 2018
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In: Presented at the 23rd annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS), Dublin, Ireland, July 4-7, 2018.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Ironman competitions and other extreme endurance events has spread worldwide attracting thousands of endurance-trained athletes, athletes who differ in anthropometric and training characteristics. The relationship between peak oxygen uptake and finishing- and segment time during a full distance IRONMAN competition (Swim 3.9km, Bike 180km and Run 42.2km) has not been examined thoroughly in non-elite athletes.PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), finishing time and segment time in non-elite athletes.METHODS: 39 non-elite athletes (10 female; age 41.1 ± 9.7, range 24-70 years) performed a 20 m shuttle run test to assess VO2peak. Association between VO2 and finishing- and segment time was estimated using bivariate correlation tests. Gender specific analysis was also performed.RESULTS: VO2peak peak was on average 49.9 ± 6.4 O2 ml/kg/minute, range 36.5-63.9 (pooled genders). Finishing time was on average 11h and 52 min. The average times for the different segments were; Swim 1h 21m, Bike 5h 46min and Run 4h 33min. The relationship between VO2peak and finishing time was significant to p<0.001 and 0.51. The relationship between segment times were Swim 0.19, Bike 0.37 and Run 0.46 all at p<0.001. Gender specific analyses revealed that the association between VO2peak and finishing time was 0.80 for females and 0.49 for males. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that VO2peak is a good predictor of finishing time (approx. 50%) as well as for segment time with 19%, 37% and 46% for Swim, Bike and Run respectively (pooled genders). For females VO2peak explains as much as 80% of the variation in finishing time.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andreasson, Jesper, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Becoming an Ironman triathlete : Extreme exercise, gender equality and the family puzzle
- 2018
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In: Sport in Society. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1743-0437 .- 1743-0445. ; 21:9, s. 1351-1363
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Departing from a qualitative research approach, this article focuses on Swedish amateur Ironman triathletes and their family life. The purpose of the paper is to investigate how an elite amateur lifestyle is upheld and balanced with the demands of a sustainable family and social life. The results indicate that the process of becoming and staying an Ironman creates tensions in intimate relationships, making it hard to bring the family life puzzle together. Although the participants interviewed often talk about family life in terms of sharing things fairly equally, in terms of gender equity and involved parenthood, this seemingly is not always an easy ideal to fulfil in practice. On a broader cultural level, these findings can thus be contextualized in relation to discourses associated with the gendering of families and functions, and, of course, the gender of sport and performance.
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| 8. |
- Andreasson, Jesper, et al.
(author)
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Elitmotionärens vardag - familjeliv, tidspussel och extremidrott
- 2016
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In: Idrottsforskning. - : Centrum för idrottsforskning. - 2002-3944. ; :18 maj
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Att kombinera vardagen som elitmotionär med ett fungerande familjeliv är ingen enkel ekvation. Uppoffringar, glädje, dåligt samvete och glada hejarop är en del av vardagen. Men på vems villkor och bekostnad formas egentligen elitmotionärens livsstil?
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, Jörg, et al.
(author)
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A two-peaked increase of serum myosin heavy chain-α after full distance triathlon demonstrates heart muscle cell death
- 2017
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In: Clinical Research in Cardiology. - : Springer. - 1861-0684 .- 1861-0692. ; 106:Suppl 1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: There is an ongoing debate about the significance of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) elevation after strenuous exercise: heart muscle cell death versus physiologic mechanism of release through an intact cell membrane. While cTnT is a small molecule (37 kDa), cardiac specific myosin heavy chain-alpha (MHC-α) is much larger (224 kDa) and an increase after exercise could hardly be explained by passage through an intact cardiac cell membrane. PURPOSE: To measure MHC-α, and other biomarkers (C-reactive protein (CRP); cTnT, creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (MG), creatinine (C), and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) before and after a full distance Ironman in order to answer the question of heart muscle cell death versus physiologic changes. Methods: In 52 non-elite athletes (14 female, 38 male; age 41.1 ± 9.7, range 24-70 years; all completed the race) biomarkers were measured by standard laboratory methods 7 days before, directly after, and day 1, 4 and 6 after the race. MHC-α was measured with a commercially available ELISA with no cross reactivity with other myosins. Results: The course of MHC-α concentration [µg/L] was 1.33 ± 0.53 (before), 2.57 ± 0.78 (directly after), 1.51 ± 0.53 (day 1), 2.74 ± 0.55 (day 4) and 1.83 ± 0.76 (day 6). Other biomarkers showed a one-peaked increase with maximal values either directly after the race or at day 1: cTnT 76 ± 80 ng/L (12-440; reference <15), NT-proBNP 776 ± 684 ng/L (92-4700; ref. < 300), CK 68 ± 55 µkat/L (5-280; ref. < 1.9), MG 2088 ± 2350 µg/L (130-17000; ref.< 72), and creatinine 100 ± 20 µmol/L (74-161; ref. < 100), CRP 49 ± 23 mg/L (15-119; ref.< 5). There was a significant correlation between MHC-α and NT-proBNP (R=0.48; p<0.001) but neither between MHC-α and cTnT (R=0.13; p=0.36) nor MHC-α and myoglobin (R=0.18; p=0.2). Conclusion: An Ironman leads to remarkable disturbances in biomarkers as e.g. cTnT was in the range of myocardial infarction in 100% of women and 97% of men. This is to our best knowledge the first investigation of MHC-α after strenuous exercise and its two-peaked increase most likely represents first release from the cytosolic pool and later from cell necrosis including the contractile apparatus. However, many questions remain, not at least why MHC-α baseline levels are as high as 1.33 ± 0.53 µg/L.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Jörg, et al.
(author)
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Echocardiographic Findings and Cardiac Biomarkers in Non-Elite Triathletes – Data from the Kalmar Ironwoman Study
- 2018
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: There is an ongoing debate about the impact of endurance exercise on cardiovascular health. Not at least data on cardiac biomarker changes (e.g. troponin T (cTnT), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac specific myosin heavy chain-alpha (MHC-α) have raised questions about exercise related cardiac injury. METHODS: In 52 non-elite athletes (14 female, 38 male; age 41.1 ± 9.7, range 24-70 years; all completed the race) biomarkers were measured by standard laboratory methods 7 days before, directly after, and day 1, 4 and 6 after a full Ironman distance triathlon (Swim 3.9 km, Bike 180 km, Run 42.2 km) . In 19 of these athletes (9 female, 10 male) echocardiography with 30 different standard measurements was performed before and directly after the race. RESULTS: Only MHC-α [µg/L] showed a two-peaked increase directly after (2.57 ± 0.78) and on day 4 (2.74 ± 0.55). Other biomarkers showed a one-peaked increase with maximal values either directly after the race or at day 1: cTnT 76 ± 80 ng/L (12-440; reference <15), NT-proBNP 776 ± 684 ng/L (92-4700; ref. < 300), CK 68 ± 55 µkat/L (5-280; ref. < 1.9), MG 2088 ± 2350 µg/L (130-17000; ref.< 72), and creatinine 100 ± 20 µmol/L (74-161; ref. < 100), CRP 49 ± 23 mg/L (15-119; ref.< 5). No significant echocardiographic changes were recorded. E.g. left ventricular end diastolic diameter (49.0 ± 4.7 mm before, 47.7 ± 5.0 mm after the race, right ventricular end diastolic diameter (34.3 ± 4.3 mm before, 33.3 ± 5.7 mm after the race), right atrial area (17.5 ± 2.9 cm2 before, 17.7 ± 3.6 cm2 after the race) and left atrial area (18.8 ± 3.7 cm2 before, 17.8 ± 2.2 cm2 after the race) did not show any significant acute changes. CONCLUSION: While an Ironman leads to remarkable disturbances in biomarkers as e.g. cTnT after the race was in the range of myocardial infarction in 100% of women and 97% of men, these alterations were not correlated to any acute echocardiographic changes in heart size or function. However, the significance of biochemical evidence of cardiac injury on long-term heart function and cardiovascular health remains unclear.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Danielsson, Tom, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Maximal Oxygen Consumption Predicts Skeletal and Heart Muscle Biomarkers Changes after a Full Distance Ironman
- 2017
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In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 49:5, s. 519-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Strenuous exercise like marathon or triathlon leads to disturbances of several biomarkers, not at least markers of skeletal and heart muscle damage. Different predictors of biomarker changes, e.g. sex, age and training experience have been discussed in the literature with contradictory results. To our best knowledge, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) has not been investigated in this setting.PURPOSE: To evaluate predictors of biomarker changes in an Ironman triathlon.METHODS: In 39 non-elite athletes (10 female, 29 male; age 41.1 ± 9.7, range 24-70 years) who had performed a 20 m shuttle run test to predict VO2 max, biomarkers (cardiac troponin T (cTnT; reference < 14 ng/L), creatine kinase (CK; ref. < 1.9 µkat/L), myoglobin (MG; ref. <72 µg/L), and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP; ref. < 300 ng/L) were measured by standard laboratory methods 7 days before, directly after, and day 1, and 6 after the race.RESULTS: VO2 max was on average 49.9 ± 6.4 O2 ml/kg/minute (range 36.5-63.9). Three biomarkers measured directly after the race were predicted by VO2 max: CK (53 ± 50 µkat/L; R= -0.44; p=0.005), MG (2137 ± 2614 µg/L; R= -0.31; p=0.056) and NT-proBNP (772 ±2614 ng/L; R= -0.35; p=0.027). cTnT (75 ± 89) was not significantly predicted by VO2 max but cTnT leakage was, in contrast to the other biomarkers, higher with higher VO2 max (R= 0.10; p=0.55) and return to normal appeared to be faster with higher VO2 max.CONCLUSION: Earlier research into predictors of biomarker changes after strenuous exercise has found contradictory results concerning age, sex and training experience. In the present Kalmar IronWoMan study VO2 max was found to be a good predictor of biomarker changes with higher VO2 max values being correlated to lower values for CK, NT-proBNP and MG.
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| 13. |
- Danielsson, Tom, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Two-peaked increase of serum myosin heavy chain-α after triathlon suggests heart muscle cell death
- 2019
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In: BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2055-7647 .- 2055-7647. ; 5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective It has been suggested that the mechanism behind cardiac troponin elevation after strenuous exercise is passage through a cell membrane with changed permeability rather than myocardial cell death. We hypothesised that an increase of cardiac specific myosin heavy chain-alpha (MHC-α; 224 kDa compared with cardiac troponin T’s (cTnT) 37 kDa) could hardly be explained by passage through a cell membrane.Methods Blood samples were collected from 56 athletes (15 female, age 42.5±9.7, range 24–70 years) before, directly after and on days 1–8 after an Ironman. Biomarkers (C reactive protein (CRP), cTnT, creatinekinase (CK), MHC-α, myoglobin (MG), creatinine (C) and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) were measured.Results The course of MHC-α concentration (μg/L) was 1.33±0.53 (before), 2.57±0.78 (directly after), 1.51±0.53 (day 1), 2.74±0.55 (day 4) and 1.83±0.76 (day 6). Other biomarkers showed a one-peaked increase with maximal values either directly after the race or at day 1: cTnT 76 ±80 ng/L (12–440; reference<15), NT-proBNP 776±684 ng/L (92–4700; ref.<300), CK 68±55 μkat/L (5–280; ref.<1.9), MG 2088±2350 μg/L (130–17 000; ref.<72) and creatinine 100±20 μmol/L (74–161; ref.<100), CRP 49±23 mg/L(15–119; ref.<5).Conclusion MHC-α exhibited a two-peaked increase which could represent a first release from the cytosolic pool and later from cell necrosis. This is the first investigation of MHC-α plasma concentration afterexercise.
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