| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Antonio, L D, et al.
(author)
-
The non-random location of human oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes
- 2005
-
In: Caryologia. - 0008-7114. ; 58:1, s. 1-14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have analysed 994 sites for oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes located within human chromosome bands. The data presented disclose that: 1) These cancer genes build ridges as well as hot spots, which are not related to the position of other types of genes present in these chromosomes. 2) The frequency of cancer genes is not directly related to chromosome length, to the number of DNA bases per chromosome or to the number of structural genes present in each chromosome. 3) Suppressor genes tend to occupy the same location as oncogenes. 4) Several cancer genes occur in as many as 15 different sites spread over 10 different chromosomes. 5) The main feature of the distribution of both oncogenes and suppressors, is that they tend to be located near telomeres. Moreover, their numbers decrease from the telomere to the centromere building a distinct gradient. The difference is statistically significant. The present evidence, taken together, indicates that the telomeric territory might be a preferential location of cancer related genes and thereby also of stem cell genes.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Antonio Lopez-Lopez, Jose, et al.
(author)
-
Simple hollow fiber liquid membrane based pre-concentration of silver for atomic absorption spectrometry
- 2014
-
In: Analytical Methods. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1759-9660. ; 6:5, s. 1462-1467
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Silver pollution has gained attention in the last few years because silver is being massively used as a bactericide in self-care, medical and textile products. Difficulties of Ag determination are associated with the very low concentrations in which it is normally found (ng L-1) and the nature of the sample matrix. Standard methods such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) are regularly used. Alternatively, liquid phase micro-extraction (LPME) appears to be an environmentally friendly tool for sample treatment that offers higher pre-concentration factors. This allows the determination of ultra-trace levels of silver using standard instrumental techniques such as atomic absorption spectrometry. In this work, a hollow fiber LPME is proposed. Silver pre-concentration has been conducted using tri-isobutylphosphine sulphide (TIBPS) as a carrier from the sample to an acceptor solution through a solvent placed in the fiber pores. Accurel-PP 50/280 fibers with an internal volume of 20 mu L were used for 50 mL samples. After optimization, 0.1 M KNO3 in the sample, 0.1 M TIBPS in dihexyl ether as the organic phase and 1 M Na2S2O3 in the acceptor solution were established. The system offers enrichment factors of 1053 times, a limit of detection of 1.16 ng L-1. This method improves the limit of detection of the most recent liquid micro-extraction methods for silver pre-concentration coupled with GFAAS, being in this case comparable to ICP-MS detection based techniques.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ramstedt, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
To what extent are travelling and alcohol purchases underreported in general population surveys? : - a comparison of self-reports with recorded data
- 2008
-
Conference paper (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Background: Unrecorded alcohol has increased in the Nordic countries during recent years, above all in terms of travellers’ imports as a result increasing travellers’ allowances. In Sweden, traveller’s imports accounted for 9% of total consumption in 1994 but 20 per cent in 2006. This implies that trends and levels of per capita consumption would look different without estimates of this source of alcohol, which in Sweden is conducted by surveys. Aim: The overall aim is to analyse the validity of Swedish survey estimates of travellers’ imports and possibly to develop weights to apply on survey estimates. Data and method: The analysis consists of comparing self-reported purchases of spirits, wine, cider and beer at Systembolaget with recorded sales and comparisons of self-reported travelling abroad with official statistics on travelling abroad. Data on self-reported travelling and purchases at Systembolaget were obtained from a Swedish monthly alcohol survey conducted in 2007. Recorded data were obtained from Systembolaget and various statistical reports about travelling for the same year. Findings: Fully 90 per cent of the recorded amount of purchases at Systembolaget was reported in the survey to be compared with the 40-60 per cent usually found for self-reported consumption. Significant differences across beverages were revealed with a lower coverage rate for beer, cider and spirits and higher coverage rate for wine. Different coverage rates were also found for the different ways of travelling with trips by plane and by car via the Öresund bridge being over-reported by 20-40 per cent whereas arrivals by ferries were underreported by 25 per cent. Conclusions: These results are relevant for discussions about if and how survey estimates of travellers’ imports should be adjusted for underreporting. It seems that different weights should be put on different beverages as well as different types of trips, but further analyses are needed to produce more specific recommendations.
|
|
| 7. |
- Engdar, Ulf, et al.
(author)
-
Investigation of two-equation turbulence models applied to a confined axis-symmetric swirling flow
- 2002
-
In: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Pressure Vessels and Piping Division (Publication) PVP. - 0277-027X. ; 448:2, s. 199-206
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The modeling of industrial combustion applications today is almost exclusively based on two-equation turbulence models. Despite its known limitations, the most the widely used model is still the standard k-ε model. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of two-equation turbulence models applied to a confined swirling flow. Numerical modeling of an axis-symmetric confined sudden expansion, followed by a contraction with the assumption of steady flow and an incompressible fluid, has been conducted. The flow field is what can be expected in simplified dump gas turbine combustor geometry. In this investigation, three different swirl cases were considered: no swirl, moderate swirl (no central re-circulation zone) and strong swift (a central recirculation zone occurring). The models investigated were: the standard k-ε model, a curvature-modified k-ε model, Chen's k-ε model, a cubic non-linear k-ε model, the standard k-ω model and the Shear Stress Transport (SST) k-ω model. The results show that almost all models were able to predict the major impact of the moderate swirl: reduced outer re-circulation lengths and retardation of the axial velocity on the center-line. However, the Chen k-ε model and the SST k-ω model were found to better reproduce the mean velocity field and the turbulent kinetic energy field from the measurements. For a strong swift, a large re-circulation zone is formed along the center-line, which the standard k-ε model and the modified k-ε model fail to predict. However, the shape and size of the re-circulation zone differ strongly between the models. At this swirl number, the performances of all models were, without exception, worse than for the lower swift numbers. The SST k-ω model achieved the best agreement between computations and experimental data.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Cottin, V, et al.
(author)
-
Long-term safety of pirfenidone: results of the prospective, observational PASSPORT study
- 2018
-
In: ERJ open research. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 2312-0541. ; 4:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Real-world studies include a broader patient population for a longer duration than randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and can provide relevant insights for clinical practice.PASSPORT was a multicentre, prospective, post-authorisation study of patients who were newly prescribed pirfenidone and followed for 2 years after initiating treatment. Physicians collected data on adverse drug reactions (ADRs), serious ADRs (SADRs) and ADRs of special interest (ADRSI) at baseline and then every 3 months. Post hoc stepwise logistic regression models were used to identify baseline characteristics associated with discontinuing treatment due to an ADR.Patients (n=1009, 99.7% with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) had a median pirfenidone exposure of 442.0 days. Overall, 741 (73.4%) patients experienced ADRs, most commonly nausea (20.6%) and fatigue (18.5%). ADRs led to treatment discontinuation in 290 (28.7%) patients after a median of 99.5 days. Overall, 55 (5.5%) patients experienced SADRs, with a fatal outcome in six patients. ADRSI were reported in 693 patients, most commonly gastrointestinal symptoms (38.3%) and photosensitivity reactions/skin rashes (29.0%). Older age and female sex were associated with early treatment discontinuation due to an ADR.Findings were consistent with the known safety profile of pirfenidone, based on RCT data and other post-marketing experience, with no new safety signals observed.
|
|
| 10. |
- Ilstedt, Sara, et al.
(author)
-
Altering expectations : How design fictions and backcasting can leverage sustainable lifestyles
- 2014
-
In: Proceedings from DRS (Design Research Society) 2014.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sustainable development calls for fundamental societal changes. Technological development alone won’t suffice; in order to reach sustainable development objectives there is a need to rethink the way we live our lives. Sustainable lifestyles are today however often depicted through a sacrifice-based cultural narrative, in which losses, rather than gains stand in focus. The paper takes its starting point in recognizing that the future is open and possible to influence, but also that (ideas about) the future influences present decisions. These ideas, or expectations, about the future thus provide an opportunity for intervention. Through presenting concrete and positive representations of what a sustainable future might imply in terms of everyday life, the expectations for such a future might be altered. This paper aims to explore how design fiction and backcasting can be used to alter expectations regarding sustainable lifestyles, through creating concrete and engaging visions of everyday life in a sustainable future. The paper also presents a project based on this approach as well as some early findings from this.
|
|
| 11. |
- Jakovljevic, Aleksandar, et al.
(author)
-
Effectiveness of vital pulp treatment in managing nontraumatic pulpitis associated with no or nonspontaneous pain : A systematic review
- 2023
-
In: International Endodontic Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 56:S3, s. 340-354
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The exposed pulp has been the topic of numerous studies, but well-designed and well-executed comparative trials on the outcome and treatment of these teeth have been limited.OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to answer the following questions: in patients with nontraumatic pulpitis associated with no or nonspontaneous pain in permanent teeth, (i) is direct pulp capping or pulpotomy (partial/full) as effective as selective or stepwise caries removal [Population/participants, Intervention(s), Comparator(s)/control, Outcome(s) (PICO) 1], (ii) is pulpotomy (partial/full) as effective as direct pulp capping (PICO 2) and (iii) is pulpotomy (partial/full) as effective as a pulpectomy (PICO 3), in terms of a combination of patient and clinical reported outcomes, with 'tooth survival' as the most critical outcome?METHODS: A literature search was conducted using Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to November 3rd 2021. Grey literature and contents of the major subject journals were examined. Eligibility criteria followed the PICO questions. Two independent reviewers performed study selection, data extraction and appraisal; disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. The risk of bias was assessed by the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials.RESULTS: Three randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included in the review. No study fulfilled the criteria to answer PICO 1. There were no significant differences in the reported outcomes between investigated treatments in all included RCTs. None of the included studies reported the most critical outcome 'tooth survival'. A high loss of patients during the follow-up period was observed.DISCUSSION: Although a few studies fulfilled strict eligible criteria, the results of this systematic review clearly highlight a paucity of available evidence. At the present time, clinical decisions cannot be substantiated by direct comparative trials.CONCLUSIONS: Based on limited evidence, this systematic review discovered no significant differences in effectiveness between compared vital pulp treatments in managing nontraumatic pulpitis associated with no or nonspontaneous pain. Further high-quality RCTs are necessary to investigate the effectiveness of direct pulp capping or pulpotomy (partial/full) compared to selective or stepwise caries removal.REGISTRATION: PROSPERO database (CRD42021259742).
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, et al.
(author)
-
Comparative financing analysis and political economy of noncommunicable diseases
- 2019
-
In: Journal of Medical Economics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1941-837X .- 1369-6998. ; 22:8, s. 722-727
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The pandemic of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) poses substantial challenges to the health financing sustainability in high-income and low/middle income countries (LMICs). The aim of this review is to identify the bottle neck inefficiencies in NCDs attributable spending and propose sustainable health financing solutions. The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the "best buy" concept to scale up the core intervention package against NCDs targeted for LMICs. Population- and individual-based NCD best buy interventions are projected at US$170 billion over 2011-2025. Appropriately designed health financing arrangements can be powerful enablers to scale up the NCD best buys. Rapidly developing emerging nations dominate the landscape of LMICs. Their capability and willingness to invest resources for eradicating NCDs could strengthen WHO outreach efforts in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, much beyond current capacities. There has been a declining trend in international donor aid intended to cope with NCDs over the past decade. There is also a serious misalignment of these resources with the actual needs of recipient countries. Globally, the momentum towards the financing of intersectoral actions is growing, and this presents a cost-effective solution. A budget discrepancy of 10:1 in WHO and multilateral agencies remains in donor aid in favour of communicable diseases compared to NCDs. LMICs are likely to remain a bottleneck of NCDs imposed financing sustainability challenge in the long-run. Catastrophic household health expenditure from out of pocket spending on NCDs could plunge almost 150 million people into poverty worldwide. This epidemiological burden coupled with population ageing presents an exceptionally serious sustainability challenge, even among the richest countries which are members of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Strategic and political leadership of WHO and multilateral agencies would likely play essential roles in the struggle that has just begun.
|
|
| 14. |
- Antonio, Leen, et al.
(author)
-
Associations Between Sex Steroids and the Development of Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study in European Men
- 2015
-
In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 100:4, s. 1396-1404
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Context: Low testosterone (T) has been associated with incident metabolic syndrome (MetS), but it remains unclear if this association is independent of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Estradiol (E2) may also be associated with MetS, but few studies have investigated this. Objective: To study the association between baseline sex steroids and the development of incident MetS and to investigate the influence of SHBG, body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance on this risk. Methods: Three thousand three hundred sixty nine community-dwelling men aged 40-79 years were recruited for participation in EMAS. MetS was defined by the updated NCEP ATP III criteria. Testosterone and E2 levels were measured by liquid and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, respectively. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between sex steroids and incident MetS. Results: One thousand six hundred fifty one men without MetS at baseline were identified. During follow-up, 289 men developed incident MetS, while 1362 men did not develop MetS. Men with lower baseline total T levels were at higher risk for developing MetS [odds ratio (OR) = 1.72, P < .001), even after adjustment for SHBG (OR = 1.43, P < .001), BMI (OR = 1.44, P < .001) or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (OR = 1.64, P < .001). E2 was not associated with development of MetS (OR = 1.04; P = .56). However, a lower E2/T ratio was associated with a lower risk of incident MetS (OR = 0.38; P < .001), even after adjustment for SHBG (OR = 0.48; P < .001), BMI (OR = 0.60; P = .001) or HOMA-IR (OR = 0.41; P < .001). Conclusions: Inmen, lower Tlevels, but not E2, are linked with an increased risk of developing MetS, independent of SHBG, BMI or insulin resistance. A lower E2/T ratio may be protective against developing MetS.
|
|
| 15. |
- Ding, Shuai, et al.
(author)
-
Utilizing customer satisfaction in ranking prediction for personalized cloud service selection
- 2017
-
In: Decision Support Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9236 .- 1873-5797. ; 93, s. 1-10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With the rapid development of cloud computing, cloud service has become an indispensable component of modern information systems where quality of service (QoS) has a direct impact on the system's performance and stability. While scholars have concentrated their efforts on the monitoring and evaluation of QoS in cloud computing, other service selection characteristics have been neglected, such as the scarcity of evaluation data and various customer needs. In this paper, we present a ranking-oriented prediction method that will assist in the process of discovering the cloud service candidates that have the highest customer satisfaction. This approach encompasses two basic functions: ranking similarity estimation and cloud service ranldng prediction that takes into account customer's preference and expectation. The comparative experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other competing methods.
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
