| 1. |
- Nowak-Sliwinska, Patrycja, et al.
(author)
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Consensus guidelines for the use and interpretation of angiogenesis assays
- 2018
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In: Angiogenesis. - : Springer. - 0969-6970 .- 1573-7209. ; 21:3, s. 425-532
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The formation of new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, is a complex process that plays important roles in growth and development, tissue and organ regeneration, as well as numerous pathological conditions. Angiogenesis undergoes multiple discrete steps that can be individually evaluated and quantified by a large number of bioassays. These independent assessments hold advantages but also have limitations. This article describes in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro bioassays that are available for the evaluation of angiogenesis and highlights critical aspects that are relevant for their execution and proper interpretation. As such, this collaborative work is the first edition of consensus guidelines on angiogenesis bioassays to serve for current and future reference.
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| 3. |
- Sikkema, A. H., et al.
(author)
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Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) signalling activity in paediatric pilocytic astrocytoma is restricted to tumour endothelial cells
- 2011
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In: Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology. - : Wiley. - 0305-1846 .- 1365-2990. ; 37:5, s. 538-548
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims: Tumours depend on angiogenesis for enhanced tumour cell survival and progression. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) signalling plays a major part in this process. Previously, we evaluated tyrosine kinase activity in paediatric brain tumour tissue lysates using a peptide microarray containing 144 different tyrosine kinase peptide substrates. When applied to paediatric pilocytic astrocytoma tissue, this analysis revealed extensive phosphorylation of VEGFR-derived peptides. The aim of the current study was to validate this result and determine the presence of VEGFR-2 activity in paediatric pilocytic astrocytoma as the main VEGFR in terms of mitogenic signalling. In addition, the localization of VEGFR1-3 mRNA expression was assessed. Methods: VEGFR-2 phosphorylation was determined by adopting a proximity ligation assay approach. Enrichment of endothelial markers and VEGFRs in tumour endothelium was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis of laser-microdissected blood vessels. Results: Proximity ligation assays on tumour cryosections showed the presence of phosphorylation of VEGFR-2, which primarily localized to vascular endothelium. qPCR analysis of endothelial markers and VEGFRs showed a 13.6-fold average enrichment of VEGFR-2 expression in the laser-microdissected endothelium compared to whole tumour. Also the expression of VEGFR-1 and -3 was highly enriched in the endothelium fraction with an average fold-enrichment of 16.5 and 50.8 respectively. Conclusions: Phosphorylated VEGFR-2 is detected on endothelial cells in paediatric pilocytic astrocytoma. Furthermore, endothelial cells are the main source of VEGFR1-3 mRNA expression. This suggests a crucial role for VEGF/VEGFR-induced angiogenesis in the progression and maintenance of these tumours.
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| 5. |
- Cottarelli, Azzurra, et al.
(author)
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Fgfbp1 promotes blood-brain barrier development by regulating collagen IV deposition and maintaining Wnt/beta-catenin signaling
- 2020
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In: Development. - : COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 147:16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Central nervous system (CNS) blood vessels contain a functional blood-brain barrier (BBB) that is necessary for neuronal survival and activity. Although Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is essential for BBB development, its downstream targets within the neurovasculature remain poorly understood. To identify targets of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling underlying BBB maturation, we performed a microarray analysis that identified Fgfbp1 as a novel Wnt/beta-catenin-regulated gene in mouse brain endothelial cells (mBECs). Fgfbp1 is expressed in the CNS endothelium and secreted into the vascular basement membrane during BBB formation. Endothelial genetic ablation of Fgfbp1 results in transient hypervascularization but delays BBB maturation in specific CNSregions, as evidenced by both upregulation of Plvap and increased tracer leakage across the neurovasculature due to reduced Wnt/beta-catenin activity. In addition, collagen IV deposition in the vascular basement membrane is reduced in mutant mice, leading to defective endothelial cell-pericyte interactions. Fgfbp1 is required cell-autonomously in mBECs to concentrate Wnt ligands near cell junctions and promote maturation of their barrier properties in vitro. Thus, Fgfbp1 is a crucial extracellular matrix protein during BBB maturation that regulates cell-cell interactions and Wnt/beta-catenin activity.
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| 6. |
- Dimberg, J, et al.
(author)
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Decreased levels of precursor transforming growth factor beta(1) in human colorectal cancer
- 2001
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In: International Journal of Molecular Medicine. - 1107-3756 .- 1791-244X. ; 7:6, s. 597-601
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta (1) is a growth factor with wide-ranging effects on proliferation, differentiation, immunosuppression, apoptosis and matrix remodelling. TGF beta (1) seems to have an antitumorigenic role in the gastrointestinal tract but may also be associated with the development of colorectal cancer. Initially, TGF beta (1) is produced in a latent (precursor) form in epithelial cells and then is activated by a not clearly understood multistep process. In this study, we analysed precursor TGF beta (1) protein expression (n=40) and TGF beta (1) gene expression (n=49) in human colorectal adenocarcinomas and 49 normal adjacent tissue. Out of these 49 normal tissues 40 were matched. Western blot analysis revealed that the precursor TGF beta (1) protein levels were generally lower in colorectal cancerous tissue compared to adjacent noncancerous tissue (P <0.001). Furthermore, with real-time PCR our results cannot reflect a statistically significant difference in TGF beta (1) gene expression between the tumour tissue and normal tissue. These finds indicate that it is likely that there are mechanisms which control precursor TGF beta (1) protein expression by factor(s) at the level of pre-translation of the TGF beta (1) transcript and/or at the level of post-translation of the TGF beta (1) protein in the tumours. This process may be related to carcinogenesis and poses the question whether the suppression of the precursor TGF beta (1) is an early event, in vivo, in the human colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence.
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| 10. |
- Dimberg, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Enhanced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and nuclear beta-catenin are related to mutations in the APC gene in human colorectal cancer
- 2001
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In: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 21:2A, s. 911-915
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mutational inactivation of the human tumour suppressor gene adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) results in constitutive activation of beta -catenin/T cell factor-4 (Tcf-4) mediated transcription of target genes. Up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein is frequently found in human colorectal cancer (CRC). We analysed 38 CRC for mutations in APC and beta -catenin and found an association between APC mutations and elevated COX-2 levels. Furthermore, APC mutations were predominantly observed in tumour tissues from the rectum compared to tumours of colonic origin. Western blot analysis revealed that nuclear beta -catenin levels were generally higher in tumours with APC mutations compared to tumours with wild type APC. However, there was also a higher level of nuclear beta -catenin in tumour compared to normal tissue, hut nuclear Tcf-4 protein was constitutively expressed in tumour and normal tissue and showed no differences. An identified putative Tcf-4 binding element in the COX-2 promoter may partly explain the enhanced level of COX-2 and support the idea that COX-2 may be a downstream target of the APC/beta -catenin/Tcf-4 pathway.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Arce, Maximiliano, et al.
(author)
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Coagulation Factor Xa Promotes Solid Tumor Growth, Experimental Metastasis and Endothelial Cell Activation
- 2019
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In: Cancers. - : MDPI. - 2072-6694. ; 11:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hypercoagulable state is linked to cancer progression; however, the precise role of the coagulation cascade is poorly described. Herein, we examined the contribution of a hypercoagulative state through the administration of intravenous Coagulation Factor Xa (FXa), on the growth of solid human tumors and the experimental metastasis of the B16F10 melanoma in mouse models. FXa increased solid tumor volume and lung, liver, kidney and lymph node metastasis of tail-vein injected B16F10 cells. Concentrating on the metastasis model, upon coadministration of the anticoagulant Dalteparin, lung metastasis was significantly reduced, and no metastasis was observed in other organs. FXa did not directly alter proliferation, migration or invasion of cancer cells in vitro. Alternatively, FXa upon endothelial cells promoted cytoskeleton contraction, disrupted membrane VE-Cadherin pattern, heightened endothelial-hyperpermeability, increased inflammatory adhesion molecules and enhanced B16F10 adhesion under flow conditions. Microarray analysis of endothelial cells treated with FXa demonstrated elevated expression of inflammatory transcripts. Accordingly, FXa treatment increased immune cell infiltration in mouse lungs, an effect reduced by dalteparin. Taken together, our results suggest that FXa increases B16F10 metastasis via endothelial cell activation and enhanced cancer cell-endothelium adhesion advocating that the coagulation system is not merely a bystander in the process of cancer metastasis.
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| 15. |
- Dieterich, L. C., et al.
(author)
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alphaB-Crystallin regulates expansion of CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) immature myeloid cells during tumor progression
- 2013
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In: The FASEB Journal. - : FASEB. - 0892-6638 .- 1530-6860. ; 27:1, s. 151-62
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The molecular chaperone alphaB-crystallin has emerged as a target for cancer therapy due to its expression in human tumors and its role in regulating tumor angiogenesis. alphaB-crystallin also reduces neuroinflammation, but its role in other inflammatory conditions has not been investigated. Here, we examined whether alphaB-crystallin regulates inflammation associated with tumors and ischemia. We found that CD45(+) leukocyte infiltration is 3-fold increased in tumors and ischemic myocardium in alphaB-crystallin-deficient mice. Notably, alphaB-crystallin is prominently expressed in CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) immature myeloid cells (IMCs), known as regulators of angiogenesis and immune responses, while lymphocytes and mature granulocytes show low alphaB-crystallin expression. alphaB-Crystallin deficiency results in a 3-fold higher accumulation of CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) IMCs in tumors and a significant rise in CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) IMCs in spleen and bone marrow. Similarly, we noted a 2-fold increase in CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) IMCs in chronically inflamed livers in alphaB-crystallin-deficient mice. The effect of alphaB-crystallin on IMC accumulation is limited to pathological conditions, as CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) IMCs are not elevated in naive mice. Through ex vivo differentiation of CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) cells, we provide evidence that alphaB-crystallin regulates systemic expansion of IMCs through a cell-intrinsic mechanism. Our study suggests a key role of alphaB-crystallin in limiting expansion of CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) IMCs in diverse pathological conditions.
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| 16. |
- Dimberg, A., et al.
(author)
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Cancer angiogenesis and vasculogenesis
- 2014
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In: Pathobiology of human disease. - : Academic Press. - 9780123864567 - 9780123864574 ; , s. 403-411
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A growing tumor is dependent on developing a functioning vasculature. Blood vessels can be formed through de novo differentiation from endothelial progenitor cells in the process of vasculogenesis or by sprouting or splitting from existing blood vessels in the process of angiogenesis. In this article, these processes are discussed in detail with a special focus on the signaling events that guide the development of a tumor vasculature. Preventing angiogenesis is a potential way of treating cancer, and many antiangiogenic substances have entered the clinic and are used as therapeutic options for certain cancers.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Dimberg, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Behold the wrath: Psychophysiological responses to facial stimuli
- 1996
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In: MOTIVATION AND EMOTION. - : PLENUM PUBL CORP. - 0146-7239. ; 20:2, s. 149-182
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The complex musculature of the human face has been shaped by natural selection to produce gestures that communicate information about intentions and emotional states between senders and receivers. According to the preparedness hypothesis, different facia
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Ogren, J, et al.
(author)
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Prevalence of Dientamoeba fragilis, Giardia duodenalis, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, and Cryptosporidium spp in Da Nang, Vietnam, detected by a multiplex real-time PCR
- 2016
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In: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica. - 1600-0463. ; 124:6, s. 529-533
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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