| 1. |
- Chen, Xiao-Jia, et al.
(author)
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Effect of ion adsorption on CEC separation of small molecules using hypercrosslinked porous polymer monolithic capillary columns
- 2012
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In: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1615-9306 .- 1615-9314. ; 35:12, s. 1502-1505
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Both poly(styrene-co-vinylbenzyl chloride-co-divinylbenzene) and poly(4-methylstyrene-co-vinylbenzyl chloride-co-divinylbenzene) monolithic columns have been hypercrosslinked and for the first time used to achieve capillary electrochromatographic separations. Although these columns do not contain ionizable functionalities, electroosmotic flow was observed due to adsorption of ions from a buffer solution contained in the mobile phase on the surface of the hydrophobic polymer. An increase of more than one order of magnitude was observed with the use of both monolithic polymers. The hypercrosslinking reaction creates a large surface area thus enabling adsorption of a much larger number of ions. Alkylbenzenes were successfully separated using the hypercrosslinked monolithic columns.
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| 2. |
- Dinh, Ngoc Phuoc, 1985-, et al.
(author)
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Accumlations of ammonium acetate on polar materials under HILIC condition and its relation to retention of analytes
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Ammonium acetate is a buffer salt commonly added to mobile phase in HILIC to improve the reproducibility of the retention of analytes. Adding buffer salt would then result to the change in retention and selectivity. In this study, we have developed methods for determine ammonium acetate in form of its hydrolyzed products (ammonium ion and acetate ion) adsorption on twelve different HILIC stationary phases under various mobile phase condition. The effect of functional group and mobile phase compositions on salt adsorption was then discussed. We also tried to develop a method for characterization important retention mechanism of HILIC systems and interpreted them under the relationship with salt adsorption. Adsorption of salt was based on both portioning and electrostatic interaction. Ammonium was found to preferentially adsorb on HILIC stationary phases except Purospher Star NH2 phase. It is worth noting that adding salt to mobile phase can promote partitioning retention mechanism, possibly as a result of phase separation due to salt out effect.
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| 3. |
- Dinh, Ngoc Phuoc, 1985-
(author)
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Investigations of the retention mechanisms in hydrophilic interaction chromatography
- 2013
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Hydrophilic interaction chromatography is well known as a powerful technique separation of polar and ionizable compound nowadays. However the retention mechanism of the technique is still under debate. Understanding retention mechanism would facilitate the method development using the technique and its future improvement. This was inspiring and became the goal of this thesis.This work involves the characterization of the water enriched layer regarding to water and buffer salt accumulation. Twelve HILIC stationary phase with a diverse surface chemistry regarding to function groups and modification type were studied. Effect of water and salt on regarding to the retention mechanism was investigated by correlating the adsorption data to the retention of selected solutesThis also involved the characterization of interactions involve in the separation of 21 HILIC columns. Interactions was probe by retention ratio of pair solutes which are characteristic for each specific interaction. The data was evaluate using principle component analysis – a multivariable data analysis method. The model was comprehensive and its outcomes were confirmed by the studies on adsorptions of water and salts.
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| 4. |
- Dinh, Ngoc Phuoc, 1985-, et al.
(author)
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Water uptake on polar stationary phases under conditions for hydrophilic interaction chromatography and its relation to solute retention
- 2013
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In: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1320, s. 33-47
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In hydrophilic interaction chromatography, water is known to accumulate on the stationary phase to form a water enriched layer, which is believed to play an important role in the retention mechanism. To gain a better understanding retention mechanism in HILIC, we have determined the water uptake on twelve different HILIC stationary phases. Non-modified and monomerically functionalized silica phases followed a pattern of monolayer formation followed by multiple layer adsorption, while the water uptake on polymerically functionalized silica stationary phase showed the characteristics of formation and swelling of hydrogels. This difference in the nature of water accumulation was found to be related to different water uptake patterns when methanol and tetrahydrofuran were added to 80:20 % (v/v) acetonitrile/water by replacing 5 % of the acetonitrile as tertiary solvents, and also when ammonium acetate was added as buffering electrolyte. The relationship between water uptake and retention mechanism was investigated by looking at the correlation between retention factors of neutral analytes and phase ratios of HILIC columns, calculated either as surface area (adsorption) or volume of the water layer enriched from the acetonitrile/water eluent (partitioning). Regardless of the adsorption or partitioning mechanism, the interaction of neutral analytes and stationary phase could be mainly the hydrogen bonding between analytes and the accumulated water in the water enriched layer.
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| 5. |
- Jablonski, Piotr, et al.
(author)
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Scalable and sustainable processing of intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates with biobased solvents
- 2023
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In: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 11:51, s. 17990-18000
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The replacement of fossil-based plastics with biobased and biodegradable alternatives has become an important research challenge in recent years, aiming to eliminate the negative environmental impact of persistent plastics in nature. In this report, design of experiments was successfully exploited to develop an efficient and sustainable method for extracting intracellular PHA from Photobacterium ganghwense C2.2 using dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) and ethanol as biobased solvents obtainable from sustainable sources. The extraction conditions were studied and optimized against the yield and molecular weight. The temperature range for the extraction was scouted by using differential scanning calorimetry, while size exclusion chromatography coupled to refractive index and multiangle light scattering detectors was used to assess the molecular weights of the extracted polymers. The examined ranges in the model were, respectively, 1.6–8.4% (w/v) of lyophilized cells content per 10 mL of solvent, 3–17 min extraction time, and temperatures from 116 to 144 °C. Time and temperature strongly affected the extraction yields and molecular weights of the obtained polymers while the concentration of bacterial biomass only effected the molecular weight. Several quadratic and interaction coefficients were significant in the well-fit partial least-squares regression models (R2 > 0.8, Q2 > 0.6) indicating that nonlinear effects and interacting parameter contributed to the optimization targets. The optimized extraction should be performed at 130 °C for 15 min with 2% loading of bacterial biomass. The predicted yield and molecular weight of the polymer matched the values obtained from the real experiment under the optimized conditions. The method setup provided similar yield and higher molecular weight in much shorter time compared to overnight Soxhlet extraction with CHCl3. The clean 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of polymers extracted from bacteria indicate that high purity materials can be obtained using an optimized extraction scheme. Additionally, the Cyrene solvent could be recycled at least five times and still performed the extraction equally well as the fresh solvent. Finally, the current method demonstrated a high potential for scalability using a HP4750 stirred filtration cell. Three different filtration conditions were tested, achieving up to 97.4% recovery at 80 °C using a 0.3 μm glass fiber membrane, with a flux of 312.5 LMH.
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| 6. |
- Shamshir, Adel, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Probing the retention mechanism of small hydrophilic molecules in hydrophilic interaction chromatography using saturation transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- 2020
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In: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1623
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The interactions and dynamic behavior of a select set of polar probe solutes have been investigated on three hydrophilic and polar commercial stationary phases using saturation transfer difference 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (STD-NMR) spectroscopy under magic angle spinning conditions. The stationary phases were equilibrated with a select set of polar solutes expected to show different interaction patterns in mixtures of deuterated acetonitrile and deuterium oxide, with ammonium acetate added to a total concentration that mimics typical eluent conditions for hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC). The methylene groups of the stationary phases were selectively irradiated to saturate the ligand protons, at frequencies that minimized the overlaps with reporting protons in the test probes. During and after this radiation, the saturation rapidly spreads to all protons in the stationary phase by spin diffusion, and from those to probe protons in contact with the stationary phase. Probe protons that have been in close contact with the stationary phase and subsequently been released to the solution phase will have been more saturated due to a more efficient transfer of spin polarization by the nuclear Overhauser effect. They will therefore show a higher signal after processing of the data. Saturation transfers to protons in neutral and charged solutes could in some instances show clear orientation patterns of these solutes towards the stationary phases. The saturation profile of formamide and its N-methylated counterparts showed patterns that could be interpreted as oriented hydrogen bond interaction. From these studies, it is evident that the functional groups on the phase surface have a strong contribution to the selectivity in HILIC, and that the retention mechanism has a significant contribution from oriented interactions.
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| 7. |
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