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- Hauryliuk, Vasili, et al.
(författare)
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The pretranslocation ribosome is targeted by GTP-bound EF-G in partially activated form.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 105:41, s. 15678-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Translocation of the tRNA x mRNA complex through the bacterial ribosome is driven by the multidomain guanosine triphosphatase elongation factor G (EF-G). We have used isothermal titration calorimetry to characterize the binding of GDP and GTP to free EF-G at 4 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 37 degrees C. The binding affinity of EF-G is higher to GDP than to GTP at 4 degrees C, but lower at 37 degrees C. The binding enthalpy and entropy change little with temperature in the case of GDP binding but change greatly in the case of GTP binding. These observations are compatible with a large decrease in the solvent-accessible hydrophobic surface area of EF-G on GTP, but not GDP, binding. The explanation we propose is the locking of the switch 1 and switch 2 peptide loops in the G domain of EF-G to the gamma-phosphate of GTP. From these data, in conjunction with previously reported structural data on guanine nucleotide-bound EF-G, we suggest that EF-G enters the pretranslocation ribosome as an "activity chimera," with the G domain activated by the presence of GTP but the overall factor conformation in the inactive form typical of a GDP-bound multidomain guanosine triphosphatase. We propose that the active overall conformation of EF-G is attained only in complex with the ribosome in its "ratcheted state," with hybrid tRNA binding sites.
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| 5. |
- Hauryliuk, Vasili, et al.
(författare)
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Thermodynamics of GTP and GDP Binding to Bacterial Initiation Factor 2 Suggests Two Types of Structural Transitions
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2836 .- 1089-8638. ; 394:4, s. 621-626
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During initiation of messenger RNA translation in bacteria, the GTPase initiation factor (IF) 2 plays major roles in the assembly of the preinitiation 30S complex and its docking to the 50S ribosomal subunit leading to the 70S initiation complex, ready to form the first peptide bond in a nascent protein. Rapid and accurate initiation of bacterial protein synthesis is driven by conformational changes in IF2, induced by GDP-GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. We have used isothermal titration calorimetry and linear extrapolation to characterize the thermodynamics of the binding of GDP and GTP to free IF2 in the temperature interval 4-37 degrees C. IF2 binds with about 20-fold and 2-fold higher affinity for GDP than for GTP at 4 and 37 degrees C, respectively. The binding of IF2 to both GTP and GDP is characterized by a large heat capacity change (-868 +/- 25 and -577 +/- 23 cal mol(-1) K-1, respectively), associated with compensatory changes in binding entropy and enthalpy. From our data, we propose that GTP binding to IF2 leads to protection of hydrophobic amino acid residues from solvent by the locking of switch I and switch H loops to the gamma-phosphate of GTP, as in the case of elongation factor G. From the large heat capacity change (also upon GDP binding) not seen in the case of elongation factor G, we propose the existence of yet another type of conformational change in IF2, which is induced by GDP and GTP alike. Also, this transition is likely to protect hydrophobic groups from solvent, and its functional relevance is discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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- Mitkevich, Vladimir A., et al.
(författare)
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Thermodynamic Characterization of ppGpp Binding to EF-G or 1F2 and of Initiator tRNA Binding to Free 1F2 in the Presence of GDP, GTP, or ppGpp
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2836 .- 1089-8638. ; 402:5, s. 838-846
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In addition to their natural substrates GDP and GTP, the bacterial translational GTPases initiation factor (IF) 2 and elongation factor G (EF-G) interact with the alarmone molecule guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), which leads to GTPase inhibition. We have used isothermal titration calorimetry to determine the affinities of ppGpp for IF2 and EF-G at a temperature interval of 5-25 degrees C. We find that ppGpp has a higher affinity for IF2 than for EF-G (1.7-2.8 Q mu M K-d versus 9.1-13.9 mu M K-d at 10-25 degrees C), suggesting that during stringent response in vivo, IF2 is more responsive to ppGpp than to EF-G. We investigated the effects of ppGpp, GDP, and GTP on IF2 interactions with fMet-tRNA(fMet) demonstrating that IF2 binds to initiator tRNA with submicromolar K-d and that affinity is altered by the G nucleotides only slightly. This-in conjunction with earlier reports on IF2 interactions with fMet-tRNA(fMet) in the context of the 30S initiation complex, where ppGpp was suggested to strongly inhibit fMet-tRNA(fMet) binding and GTP was suggested to strongly promote fMet-tRNA(fMet) binding-sheds new light on the mechanisms of the G-nucleotide-regulated fMet-tRNA(fMet) selection.
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- Winkler, A., et al.
(författare)
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Magnetism in Re-based ferrimagnetic double perovskites
- 2009
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Ingår i: New Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1367-2630. ; 11, s. 073047-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated spin and orbital magnetic moments of the Re 5d ion in the double perovskites A(2)FeReO(6) (A = Ba, Sr, Ca) by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) at the Re L(2,3) edges. In these ferrimagnetic compounds, an unusually large negative spin and positive orbital magnetic moment at the Re atoms was detected. The presence of a finite spin magnetic moment in a 'non-magnetic' double perovskite as observed in the double perovskite Sr(2)ScReO(6) proves that Re has also a small, but finite intrinsic magnetic moment. We further show for the examples of Ba and Ca that the usually neglected alkaline earth ions undoubtedly also contribute to the magnetism in the ferrimagnetic double perovskites.
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- Klaholz, B.P, Pape, T, Zavialov, A.V, Myasnikov, A.G., Orlova, E.V., Vestergaard, B, Ehrenberg, M and van Heel, M.
(författare)
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Structure of the E.coli ribosomal termination complex with release factor 2
- 2003
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Ingår i: journal. - : Nature. ; 421, s. 90-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 14. |
- Klaholz, B.P., Pape, T.,. Zavialov, A.V., Myasnikov, A.G., Orlova, E.V., Vestergaard, B., Ehrenberg, M. and van Heel, M.
(författare)
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. Structure of the E. coli ribosomal termination complex with release factor 2.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nature. ; 421, s. 90-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Achcar, JA, et al.
(författare)
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25 years of applied statistics
- 1998
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF APPLIED STATISTICS. - : CARFAX PUBL CO. - 0266-4763. ; 25:1, s. 3-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Bergström, Anna, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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The use of the PARIHS framework in implementation research and practice-a citation analysis of the literature
- 2020
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Ingår i: Implementation science : IS. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1748-5908. ; 15:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework was developed two decades ago and conceptualizes successful implementation (SI) as a function (f) of the evidence (E) nature and type, context (C) quality, and the facilitation (F), [SI = f (E,C,F)]. Despite a growing number of citations of theoretical frameworks including PARIHS, details of how theoretical frameworks are used remains largely unknown. This review aimed to enhance the understanding of the breadth and depth of the use of the PARIHS framework. METHODS: This citation analysis commenced from four core articles representing the key stages of the framework's development. The citation search was performed in Web of Science and Scopus. After exclusion, we undertook an initial assessment aimed to identify articles using PARIHS and not only referencing any of the core articles. To assess this, all articles were read in full. Further data extraction included capturing information about where (country/countries and setting/s) PARIHS had been used, as well as categorizing how the framework was applied. Also, strengths and weaknesses, as well as efforts to validate the framework, were explored in detail. RESULTS: The citation search yielded 1613 articles. After applying exclusion criteria, 1475 articles were read in full, and the initial assessment yielded a total of 367 articles reported to have used the PARIHS framework. These articles were included for data extraction. The framework had been used in a variety of settings and in both high-, middle-, and low-income countries. With regard to types of use, 32% used PARIHS in planning and delivering an intervention, 50% in data analysis, 55% in the evaluation of study findings, and/or 37% in any other way. Further analysis showed that its actual application was frequently partial and generally not well elaborated. CONCLUSIONS: In line with previous citation analysis of the use of theoretical frameworks in implementation science, we also found a rather superficial description of the use of PARIHS. Thus, we propose the development and adoption of reporting guidelines on how framework(s) are used in implementation studies, with the expectation that this will enhance the maturity of implementation science.
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| 22. |
- Bilgin, Neş'e, et al.
(författare)
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Mutations in ribosomal proteins L7/L12 perturb EF-G and EF-Tu functons
- 1988
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Ingår i: Biochimie. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9084 .- 1638-6183. ; 70:5, s. 611-618
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In vitro cycling rates of E. coli ribosomes and of elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-G have been obtained and these are compatible with translation rates in vivo. We show that the rate of translocation is faster than 50 s-1 and therefore that the EF-G function is not a rate limiting step in protein synthesis. The in vivo phenotype of some L7/L12 mutants could be accounted for by perturbed EF-Tu as well as EF-G functions. The S12 mutants that we studied were, in contrast, only perturbed in their EF-Tu function, while their EF-G interaction was not impaired in relation to wild type ribosomes.
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| 23. |
- Carlsson, E, et al.
(författare)
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Recording of nursing assessment and interventions for stroke patients with eating difficulties.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Studies in health technology and informatics. - Seoul, Korea.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A standardised language is a necessary condition for successful development and implementation of electronic patient records. In the present study a record audit was performed at a Swedish stroke unit. The aims were to analyse how the nursing process on eating difficulties after stroke was represented in nursing documentation and to describe the information that was transferred to the next care provider at discharge. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results show that care planning and nursing interventions were not visible in patient records. Furthermore, the language proved vague and expressed in a "non-professional" manner.
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| 40. |
- Ehrenberg, J., et al.
(författare)
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Retrograde crystalloid cardioplegia preserves left ventricular systolic function better than antegrade cardioplegia in patients with occluded coronary arteries
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1053-0770 .- 1532-8422. ; 14:4, s. 383-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate retrograde and antegrade crystalloid cardioplegia in terms of cardiac cooling and postoperative cardiac function. Design: Prospective, randomized, and blinded. Setting: University hospital. Participants: Twenty male patients with triple-vessel disease and proximal occlusion of the circumflex or the left anterior descending coronary artery. Interventions: Left ventricular ejection fraction at rest and during exercise was evaluated by nuclear ventriculography the day before and 3 months after surgery. After induction of anesthesia and hourly for the first 5 postoperative hours, hemodynamic. echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic data were acquired. Myocardial temperature was measured with needle thermistors in 3 myocardial regions. Measurements and Main Results: Demographic and temperature data were analyzed by t-test. Hemodynamic and echocardiographic data were analyzed by analysis of variance. The groups were similar in baseline characteristics. Retrograde cardioplegia cooled the region distal to an occlusion better than antegrade cardioplegia (9.6 degrees C +/- 4.8 degrees C v 21.8 degrees C +/- 5.9 degrees C; p < 0.01). Hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic data did not differ between the groups. Three months after surgery, the retrograde cardioplegia group showed a higher left ventricular ejection fraction at rest (58% +/- 10% v 47% +/- 10%; p < 0.02) and during exercise (58% +/- 13% v 47% +/- 10%; p < 0.05) compared with the antegrade cardioplegia group. Conclusions: Retrograde cardioplegia provides more homogenous myocardial cooling than antegrade cardioplegia in hearts with coronary artery occlusions. The use of retrograde cardioplegia seems to benefit long-term left ventricular function.
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| 41. |
- EHRENBERG, M, et al.
(författare)
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A MODEL FOR COPY NUMBER CONTROL OF THE PLASMID R1
- 1995
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY. - : ACADEMIC PRESS (LONDON) LTD. - 0022-2836. ; 246:4, s. 472-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A new model for copy numb er control of the plasmid R1 has been develop ed. It takes into account that initiation of replication of R1 requires a large number of cis-acting proteins (RepA). The theory explains how plasmid production rates respond to shift
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| 42. |
- Ekdahl, A. W., et al.
(författare)
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Frailty and comprehensive geriatric assessment organized as CGA-ward or CGA-consult for older adult patients in the acute care setting : a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Geriatric Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1878-7649 .- 1878-7657. ; 6:6, s. 523-540
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: With worldwide population aging, increasing numbers of people need hospital care. Evidence suggests comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is superior to usual care.Objective: To summarize the evidence for the effects of CGA in frail and moderately frail patients compared with usual care in acute care settings.Data sources: CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed were searched in October 2011, January 2013, and February 2015.Study eligibility: Randomized controlled trials.Participants: Older adults aged ≥ 65 years who were admitted to hospital with a complex condition, divided into frail and moderately frail groups.Intervention: CGA.Control: Usual care.Outcomes: Change in housing, personal activities of daily living (PADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), readmission, cognitive function, depression, quality-of-life care-giver burden, and mortality.Study appraisal and synthesis: The grading of recommendations assessment development and evaluation (GRADE) system to assess the quality of evidence and PRISMA-guidelines for meta-analyses and reviews. Continuous data were presented as standardized mean differences and dichotomous data were presented as risk differences.Results: Twenty-nine articles based on 17 unique studies (6005 patients in total). CGA was categorized as CGA-ward or CGA-consult. In the frail group, CGA-ward was superior to usual care for change in housing, PADL, and depression. CGA-consult was superior to usual care for PADL and IADL in the moderately frail group.Conclusion: There was a stronger effect for frail older adults and CGA-ward compared with usual care. This highlights the importance of detecting frailty. However, the degree of evidence was limited.
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| 44. |
- Ekman, Inger, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Fatigue in chronic heart failure, does gender make a difference?
- 2002
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Ingår i: The European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - 1474-5151. ; :1, s. 77-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary aim of this study was to describe and compare the experience of fatigue in a group of elderly women and men with severe chronic heart failure. A sample of 158 patients (66 women and 92 men, with a mean age of 83 and 78 years, respectively) was invited to participate in a study on admission to a hospital outpatient heart failure clinic. A registered nurse interviewed patients using a modified version of the Fatigue Interview Schedule (FIS). Descriptions of the experiences of fatigue generally showed good agreement between men and women; however, some gender differences were found. Women expressed a clear role to fulfil because they were engaged in maintenance activities of their household. Although we still have only limited knowledge about the impact of gender on the experiences and coping strategies in disease and aging, it is important for care providers to consider gender differences when planning caring interventions.
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| 45. |
- Ekman, Inger, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Fatigued elderly patients with chronic heart failure: Do patient reports and nursing documentation correspond?
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Terminologies and Classifications. - 1541-5147. ; 13:4, s. 127-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To compare descriptions of fatigue from interviews with elderly people with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) and data recorded by nurses at an outpatient heart failure clinic. METHODS: Patients (N = 158) were screened for moderate to severe CHF and interviewed using a revised form of the Fatigue Interview Schedule (FIS). Seventy-nine of these patients were offered visits at a nurse-monitored heart failure clinic. Nursing documentation of fatigue in patient records (n = 56) at the heart failure clinic was compared to the patient interviews. FINDINGS: Results indicated poor concordance between patients' descriptions and record content concerning fatigue. Decreased libido was linked to fatigue according to the patients but not to the nurses' notes. Cognitive characteristics of fatigue were rarely recorded, but were more frequent in patient interviews. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses must recognize characteristics and factors related to fatigue in patients and develop strategies to help patients cope with their restricted ability in daily life. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Using the words and expressions of the patients and the diagnostic characteristics of fatigue in record-keeping can support the nurses understanding of patients living with CHF.
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| 47. |
- Eldh, Ann Catrine, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Translating and testing the Alberta Context Tool for use among nurses in Swedish elder care
- 2013
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6963. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. There is emerging evidence that context is important for successful transfer of research knowledge into health care practice. The Alberta Context Tool (ACT) is a Canadian developed research-based instrument that assesses 10 modifiable concepts of organizational context considered important for health care professionals’ use of evidence. Swedish and Canadian health care have similarities in terms of organisational and professional aspects, suggesting that the ACT could be used for measuring context in Sweden. This paper reports on the translation of the ACT to Swedish and a testing of preliminary aspects of its validity, acceptability and reliability in Swedish elder care.Methods. The ACT was translated into Swedish and back-translated into English before being pilot tested in ten elder care facilities for response processes validity, acceptability and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha). Subsequently, further modification was performed.Results. In the pilot test, the nurses found the questions easy to respond to (52%) and relevant (65%), yet the questions’ clarity were mainly considered ‘neither clear nor unclear’ (52%). Missing data varied between 0 (0%) and 19 (12%) per item, the most common being 1 missing case per item (15 items). Internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha > .70) was reached for 5 out of 8 contextual concepts. Translation and back translation identified 21 linguistic- and semantic related issues and 3 context related deviations, resolved by developers and translators.Conclusion. Modifying an instrument is a detailed process, requiring time and consideration of the linguistic and semantic aspects of the instrument, and understanding of the context where the instrument was developed and where it is to be applied. A team, including the instrument’s developers, translators, and researchers is necessary to ensure a valid translation. This study suggests preliminary validity, reliability and acceptability evidence for the ACT when used with nurses in Swedish elder care.
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| 50. |
- Florin, J, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring the quality of nursing diagnoses.
- 2005
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Ingår i: 5th European conference of the association for common European nursing diagnosis, interventions and outcomes (ACENDIO).. - Bled, Slovenia.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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