| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Ek, Hanna, et al.
(author)
-
Transitioning from conventional photon therapy to proton therapy for primary brain tumors
- 2023
-
In: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - 1651-226X. ; 62:4, s. 391-399
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Proton radiation therapy (PT) has become a treatment option alongside photon therapy (XRT) for lower-grade gliomas (LGG). In this single-institution retrospective study, we investigate the patient characteristics and treatment outcomes, including pseudo-progression (PsP), for LGG patients selected for PT. Method: Adult patients with grade 2–3 glioma consecutively treated with radiotherapy (RT) from May 2012 to December 2019 were retrospectively included in this cohort study. Tumor characteristics and treatment data were collected. The groups treated with PT and XRT were compared regarding treatment characteristics, side effects, occurrence of PsP, and survival outcomes. PsP was defined as new or growing lesions followed by either decrease or stabilization during a 12 month-period with no treatment. Results: Out of 143 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 44 were treated with PT, 98 with XRT and one with mixed PT + XRT. The patients receiving PT were younger, had a lower tumor grade, more oligodendrogliomas and received a lower mean brain and brainstem dose. PsP was observed in 21 out of 126 patients, with no difference between XRT and PT (p =.38). The rate of fatigue in immediate connection to RT (zero to three months after) was higher for XRT than for PT (p =.016). The PT patients had a significantly better PFS and OS than the XRT patients (p =.025 and.035), but in multivariate analysis radiation modality was non-significant. Higher average dose to both brain and brainstem was associated with inferior PFS and OS (p <.001). Median follow-up time were 69 months and 26 months for XRT and PT patients, respectively. Conclusion: Contrary to previous studies, there was no difference in risk of PsP for XRT and PT. PT was associated with lower rates of fatigue <3 months after RT. The superior survival outcomes for PT indicates that the patients with the best prognosis were referred to PT.
|
|
| 3. |
- Su, Zhan, et al.
(author)
-
Common variants at the MHC locus and at chromosome 16q24.1 predispose to Barrett's esophagus.
- 2012
-
In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 44:10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Barrett's esophagus is an increasingly common disease that is strongly associated with reflux of stomach acid and usually a hiatus hernia, and it strongly predisposes to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a tumor with a very poor prognosis. We report the first genome-wide association study on Barrett's esophagus, comprising 1,852 UK cases and 5,172 UK controls in the discovery stage and 5,986 cases and 12,825 controls in the replication stage. Variants at two loci were associated with disease risk: chromosome 6p21, rs9257809 (Pcombined=4.09×10(-9); odds ratio (OR)=1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.13-1.28), within the major histocompatibility complex locus, and chromosome 16q24, rs9936833 (Pcombined=2.74×10(-10); OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.10-1.19), for which the closest protein-coding gene is FOXF1, which is implicated in esophageal development and structure. We found evidence that many common variants of small effect contribute to genetic susceptibility to Barrett's esophagus and that SNP alleles predisposing to obesity also increase risk for Barrett's esophagus.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(author)
-
- 2021
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 6. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(author)
-
- 2021
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 7. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(author)
-
- 2021
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Adermon, Adrian, 1981-, et al.
(author)
-
Understanding occupational wage growth
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Using a new identification strategy, we jointly estimate the growth in occupationalwage premia as well as time-varying occupation-specific life-cycle profiles for Swedishworkers 1996–2013. We document a substantial increase in between-occupation wageinequality due to differential growth in premia. The association of wage premiumgrowth and employment growth is positive, suggesting that premium growth ispredominantly driven by demand side factors. We also find that wage growth dueto occupation-specific skill acquisition was more dispersed in the early years of thesample period. Our results are robust to allowing for occupation-level changes inreturns to cognitive and psycho-social skills.
|
|
| 10. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(author)
-
Resilience Safety Culture
- 2009
-
In: 17th World Congress on Ergonomics 2009.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Safety culture may be seen as the oil necessary for an efficient safety management system. During the work in HILAS SMS task force some weaknesses in the use of safety culture in practice were identified. A work stream was initiated to identify further weaknesses and suggest remedies for them. The objective of this paper is to discuss some of the weaknesses and propose mitigations. A major suggestion is to actively look for „holes‟ in the safety culture and mitigate them. The „holes‟ could be low-score groups, low-score aspects of safety culture, and critical time-windows. Also the efforts by top management may need to be improved. Also means for feed forward control should be used and further developed as proposed by the new school of resilience engineering. Also when problems with long questionnaires are too big shorter questionnaires could be used complemented by interviews and studies of behaviour and artefacts.
|
|
| 11. |
- Amanaki, Erini, et al.
(author)
-
Fine-grained Entailment: Resources for Greek NLI and Precise Entailment
- 2022
-
In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Dataset Creation for Lower-Resourced Languages within the 13th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. - Marseille, France : European Language Resources Association (ELRA). - 9782493814067
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we present a number of fine-grained resources for Natural Language Inference (NLI). In particular, we present a number of resources and validation methods for Greek NLI and a resource for precise NLI. First, we extend the Greek version of the FraCaS test suite to include examples where the inference is directly linked to the syntactic/morphological properties of Greek. The new resource contains an additional 428 examples, making it in total a dataset of 774 examples. Expert annotators have been used in order to create the additional resource, while extensive validation of the original Greek version of the FraCaS by non-expert and expert subjects is performed. Next, we continue the work initiated by (CITATION), according to which a subset of the RTE problems have been labeled for missing hypotheses and we present a dataset an order of magnitude larger, annotating the whole SuperGlUE/RTE dataset with missing hypotheses. Lastly, we provide a de-dropped version of the Greek XNLI dataset, where the pronouns that are missing due to the pro-drop nature of the language are inserted. We then run some models to see the effect of that insertion and report the results.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Baudet, Aurélie, et al.
(author)
-
Small Molecule Screening of Primary Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Using Co-culture and Multiplexed FACS Analysis
- 2022
-
In: Bio-protocol. - 2331-8325. ; 12:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ex vivo culture of primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells is notoriously difficult due to spontaneous differentiation and cell death, which hinders mechanistic and translational studies. To overcome this bottleneck, we have implemented a co-culture system, where the OP9-M2 stromal cells support the growth, but most notably limit the differentiation of primary AML cells, thus allowing for mechanistic studies in vitro. Additionally, the co-culture on OP9-M2 stromal is superior in preserving surface marker expression of primary (adult and pediatric) AML cells in comparison to stroma-free culture. Thus, by combining the co-culture with multicolor, high-throughput FACS, we can evaluate the effect of hundreds of small molecules on multi-parametric processes including: cell survival, stemness (leukemic stem cells), and myeloid differentiation on the primary AML cells at a single-cell level. This method streamlines the identification of potential therapeutic agents, but also facilitates combinatorial screening aiming, for instance, at dissecting the regulatory pathways in a patient-specific manner.
|
|
| 15. |
- Calmfors, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
Arbetsmarknadsekonomisk rapport : hur fungerar kollektivavtalen?
- 2018
-
Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Hur fungerar kollektivavtalen? från i februari i år inriktades på kollektivavtalens funktionssätt. Analysen fokuserade på hur avtalssystemet kan komma att påverkas av en minskad facklig organisationsgrad och studerade särskilt företagens inställning till kollektivavtalen. Med svagare fack blir det viktigare för kollektivavtalens fortlevnad att dessa upplevs som positiva av företagen.
|
|
| 16. |
- Calmfors, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
Arbetsmarknadsekonomisk rapport : olika vägar till jobb
- 2018
-
Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Den avslutande rapporten från rådet tar upp tre huvudfrågor: Håller traditionella heltidsanställningar som omfattas av kollektivavtal på att ersättas av mer ”flexibla” atypiska anställningar, vilket ofta hävdas i den allmänna debatten? Vad säger tidigare erfarenheter om i vilken utsträckning lågkvalificerade (”enkla”) jobb kan fungera som språngbrädor till mer kvalificerade och bättre betalda arbeten för dem som har svårt att ta sig in på arbetsmarknaden? Hur väl fungerar vuxenutbildning av olika slag för att förbättra arbetsmarknadsutfallen för utsatta grupper?
|
|
| 17. |
- Calmfors, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
Hur ska fler komma in på arbetsmarknaden?
- 2018
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Det största problemet på den svenska arbetsmarknaden är hur lågutbildade, och då särskilt lågutbildade utrikes födda, ska komma i sysselsättning. Problemet har ställts på sin spets av den stora flyktinginvandringen. Centrala frågor för politiken är:Vad kan skola och vuxenutbildning göra?Vilken roll bör subventionerade anställningar spela?Är visstidsanställningar en väg in på arbetsmarknaden eller en återvändsgränd?Behövs nya typer av enkla, men också lägre betalda, jobb?Denna bok, skriven av sex arbetsmarknadsekonomer, analyserar frågorna och försöker utifrån forskningen ge svar på vilken politik som är lämpligast.
|
|
| 18. |
- Calmfors, Lars, et al.
(author)
-
Kollektivavtal och lönebildning i en ny tid
- 2019
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Den svenska arbetsmarknadsmodellen, med kollektivavtal mellan starka partsorganisationer på arbetsmarknaden, brukar ses en central förklaring till att Sverige kunnat kombinera hög levnadsstandard med jämn inkomstfördelning. Här analyserar fyra nationalekonomer hur väl den traditionella modellen förmår hantera de nya utmaningar den står inför. En minskande facklig organisationsgrad, särskilt på arbetarsidan, innebär att kollektivavtalen allt mer bärs upp av arbetsgivarorganisationerna. Även om de flesta företag har en positiv inställning till kollektivavtalen, verkar de inte se några stora fördelar med dem. Det innebär att kollektivavtalen står på en skakig grund om den fackliga organisationsgraden skulle fortsätta att minska. En annan utmaning är att anpassa kollektivavtalen till en ekonomi som blir mer uppdragsbaserad. Industriavtalet från 1997 etablerade principen att industrins villkor ska bestämma löneökningarna i hela ekonomin. Industrinormeringen bidrog till att bryta det tidigare mönstret med alldeles för höga löneökningar. Men idag är problemet snarare att löneökningarna är för låga. Lönenormeringen gör det också svårare att höja relativlönerna på områden med stor och växande arbetskraftsbrist, främst inom skola, vård och omsorg.Boken analyserar olika sätt att göra lönebildningen mer flexibel. Det kan betyda mer av sifferlösa avtal (som innebär att lönerna bestäms helt lokalt). Lönenormeringen kan också behöva ta större hänsyn också till andra delar av ekonomin än industrin och tillåta större möjligheter att avtala om relativlöneförändringar. Analysen utmanar den etablerade synen inom partsorganisationerna på hur lönebildningen bör fungera.
|
|
| 19. |
- Champ, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
Biocidal coatings
- 2006
-
Patent (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Biocidal multilayered system, characterized in that it comprises at least the following layers: - an anionic or cationic carrier, preferably cellulose as anionic carrier, - on this carrier alternating polymeric cationic and anionic layers starting with a layer having a charge opposite to that of the carrier, - wherein at least one layer is hydrophobically modified.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Dahl, Mette, et al.
(author)
-
Expression patterns and prognostic potential of circular RNAs in mantle cell lymphoma : a study of younger patients from the MCL2 and MCL3 clinical trials
- 2022
-
In: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 36:1, s. 177-188
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by marked differences in outcome, emphasizing the need for strong prognostic biomarkers. Here, we explore expression patterns and prognostic relevance of circular RNAs (circRNAs), a group of endogenous non-coding RNA molecules, in MCL. We profiled the circRNA expression landscape using RNA-sequencing and explored the prognostic potential of 40 abundant circRNAs in samples from the Nordic MCL2 and MCL3 clinical trials, using NanoString nCounter Technology. We report a circRNA-based signature (circSCORE) developed in the training cohort MCL2 that is highly predictive of time to progression (TTP) and lymphoma-specific survival (LSS). The dismal outcome observed in the large proportion of patients assigned to the circSCORE high-risk group was confirmed in the independent validation cohort MCL3, both in terms of TTP (HR 3.0; P = 0.0004) and LSS (HR 3.6; P = 0.001). In Cox multiple regression analysis incorporating MIPI, Ki67 index, blastoid morphology and presence of TP53 mutations, circSCORE retained prognostic significance for TTP (HR 3.2; P = 0.01) and LSS (HR 4.6; P = 0.01). In conclusion, circRNAs are promising prognostic biomarkers in MCL and circSCORE improves identification of high-risk disease among younger patients treated with cytarabine-containing chemoimmunotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant.
|
|
| 22. |
- Dobnik, Simon, 1977, et al.
(author)
-
In Search of Meaning and Its Representations for Computational Linguistics
- 2022
-
In: Proceedings of the 2022 CLASP Conference on (Dis)embodiment, Gothenburg and online 15–16 September 2022 / Simon Dobnik, Julian Grove and Asad Sayeed (eds.). - : Association for Computational Linguistics. - 2002-9764. - 9781955917674
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we examine different meaning representations that are commonly used in different natural language applications today and discuss their limits, both in terms of the aspects of the natural language meaning they are modelling and in terms of the aspects of the application for which they are used.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Dorozynska, Karolina, et al.
(author)
-
Snapshot multicolor fluorescence imaging using double multiplexing of excitation and emission on a single detector
- 2021
-
In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fluorescence-based multispectral imaging of rapidly moving or dynamic samples requires both fast two-dimensional data acquisition as well as sufficient spectral sensitivity for species separation. As the number of fluorophores in the experiment increases, meeting both these requirements becomes technically challenging. Although several solutions for fast imaging of multiple fluorophores exist, they all have one main restriction; they rely solely on spectrally resolving either the excitation- or the emission characteristics of the fluorophores. This inability directly limits how many fluorophores existing methods can simultaneously distinguish. Here we present a snapshot multispectral imaging approach that not only senses the excitation and emission characteristics of the probed fluorophores but also all cross term combinations of excitation and emission. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the only snapshot multispectral imaging method that has this ability, allowing us to even sense and differentiate between light of equal wavelengths emitted from the same fluorescing species but where the signal components stem from different excitation sources. The current implementation of the technique allows us to simultaneously gather 24 different spectral images on a single detector, from which we demonstrate the ability to visualize and distinguish up to nine fluorophores within the visible wavelength range.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
- Ek, Kristina, et al.
(author)
-
Valuing the local impacts of a large scale wind power establishment in northern Sweden : public and private preferences toward economic, environmental and sociocultural values
- 2015
-
In: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0964-0568 .- 1360-0559. ; 58:8, s. 1327-1345
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper estimates public and private preferences towards economic, environmental and sociocultural values associated with a planned large-scale onshore wind-power development in northern Sweden, and analyses the most important determinants of the individual's Willingness to Pay (WTP) for reducing the negative impact associated with the establishment. Sociocultural effects were deemed the most important in the private sample, whereas new job opportunities are valued most highly in the public sample. We further find that ascription to moral and social norms together with individuals’ perceptions related to general and institutional trust constitutes significant determinants of WTP.
|
|
| 27. |
- Ek, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Optimering av luftad damm - resultat av pilotförsök
- 1994
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Omfattande pilotförsök har genomförts för att undersöka olika sätt att effektivisera befintliga luftade dammar i skogsindustrin. Målsättningen med projektet var att genom pilotförsök finna metoder att modifiera luftade dammar så att de kan ge reningseffekter motsvarande väl fungerande aktivslamanläggningar, en fullständig kloratreduktion och låga utsläpp av närsalter. Totalavloppsvatten från tillverkning av blekt och oblekt barr- och lövvedssulfatmassa integrerat med pappersbruk behandlades. Genom att i pilotanläggningen återföra slam från sedimenteringen kunde slambelastningen sänkas från den stora luftade dammens ca 1,5-2 kg COD/kg slam, dygn till under 0,2 COD/kg slam, dygn i pilotdammen. Samtidigt infördes en oluftad zon i början av dammen. Detta gav tillsammans med den låga belastningen ett mycket väl sedimenterande slam, som resulterade i låga utsläpp av suspenderat material och tillät en hög ytbelastning (över 2 m/h) i eftersedimenteringen. 20 % av dammvolymen avdelades som anoxisk (oluftad) zon med slamhalten ca 1 g/l. Resten av volymen luftades, halten löst syre hölls vid 2 mg/l, och slamhalten var där drygt 2 g/l. Inga närsalter tillsattes. Temperaturen var ca 30ºC och den hydrauliska uppehållstiden var 1,5 dygn. I rapporten diskuteras hur skalan kan ha påverkat resultaten. Ungefärliga kostnader för ombyggnad av en befintlig damm enligt det framtagna förslaget har beräknats för några standardfall.
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Ek, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
High-speed videography of transparent media using illumination-based multiplexed schlieren
- 2022
-
In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Schlieren photography is widely used for visualizing phenomena within transparent media. The technique, which comes in a variety of configurations, is based on detecting or extracting the degree to which light is deflected whilst propagating through a sample. To date, high-speed schlieren videography can only be achieved using high-speed cameras, thus limiting the frame rate of such configurations to the capabilities of the camera. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, optically multiplexed schlieren videography, a concept that allows such hardware limitations to be bypassed, opening up for, in principle, an unlimited frame rate. By illuminating the sample with a rapid burst of uniquely spatially modulated light pulses, a temporally resolved sequence can be captured in a single photograph. The refractive index variations are thereafter measured by quantifying the local phase shift of the superimposed intensity modulations. The presented results demonstrate the ability to acquire a series of images of flame structures at frame rates up to 1 Mfps using a standard 50 fps sCMOS camera.
|
|
| 30. |
- Ek, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
"Inte enkelt att få enkla jobb för flyktinginvandrare"
- 2020
-
In: Dagens Nyheter. - : AB Dagens nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :2020-10-03
-
Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Tre forskare: Det som behövs är flexiblare löner för enkla jobb, generösa utbildningsmöjligheter och bättre kvalitet i sfi-utbildningen.I en ny SNS-rapport föreslår vi en flexibel lönebildning som tillåter lägre löner för enkla jobb, generösa möjligheter till utbildning för att undvika att flyktingar fastnar i lågkvalificerade jobb samt höjd kvalitet på sfi så att arbetsgivare kan lita på att utbildningen ger tillräckliga kunskaper.
|
|
| 31. |
- Ek, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
"Jobbskapande i offentlig sektor fungerar sämst"
- 2020
-
In: Dagens Nyheter. - Stockholm. - 1101-2447. ; :2020-10-09
-
Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- SLUTREPLIK 4/10.Tre forskare: Forskningen visar att jobbskapande åtgärder i offentlig sektor tillhör de arbetsmarknadspolitiska åtgärder som fungerat sämst.
|
|
| 32. |
- Ek, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
Long sequence single-exposure videography using spatially modulated illumination
- 2020
-
In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Frequency recognition algorithm for multiple exposures (FRAME) is a single-exposure imaging technique that can be used for ultrafast videography, achieved through rapid illumination with spatially modulated laser pulses. To date, both the limit in sequence length as well as the relation between sequence length and image quality are unknown for FRAME imaging. Investigating these questions requires a flexible optical arrangement that has the capability of reaching significantly longer image sequences than currently available solutions. In this paper we present a new type of FRAME setup that fulfills this criteria. The setup relies only on (i) a diffractive optical element, (ii) an imaging lens and (iii) a digital micromirror device to generate a modulated pulse train with sequence lengths ranging from 2 to 1024 image frames. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the highest number of temporally resolved frames imaged in a single-exposure.
|
|
| 33. |
- Ek, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
Low skilled jobs, language proficiency and job opportunities for refugees : An experimental study
- 2024
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Economics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0347-0520 .- 1467-9442. ; 126:2, s. 355-386
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In a field experiment, we study the causal effects of previous experience and language skills when newly arrived Syrian refugees in Sweden apply for low-skilled jobs. We find no evidence of sizeable effects from previous experience or completed language classes on the probability of receiving callback from employers. However, female applicants were more likely than males to receive a positive response. As a complement to the experiment, we interview a select number of employers, which provides additional insights into how they judge candidates for low-skilled jobs.
|
|
| 34. |
- Ek, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
Low-skilled jobs, language proficiency, and job opportunities for refugees : an experimental study
- 2024
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Economics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0347-0520 .- 1467-9442. ; 126:2, s. 355-386
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In a field experiment, we study the causal effects of previous experience and language skills when newly arrived Syrian refugees in Sweden apply for low-skilled jobs. We find no evidence of sizable effects from previous experience or completed language classes on the probability of receiving a callback from employers. However, female applicants were more likely than males to receive a positive response. As a complement to the experiment, we interview a select number of employers, which provides additional insights into how they judge candidates for low-skilled jobs.
|
|
| 35. |
- Ek, Simon
(author)
-
Structural Change, Match Quality, and Integration in the Labor Market
- 2023
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Essay I: Are workers with poor outside opportunities less responsive and more susceptible to negative demand shifts in routine occupations? To answer this, I create and estimate an occupation specialization index (OSI) using Swedish register data and machine learning tools. It measures the expected difference in utility between a worker's occupation and his best non-routine outside option. This determines the loss he is willing to tolerate to avoid switching. Low-OSI employees disproportionately left routine work. Their future wage growth was akin to comparable workers initially in non-routine occupations. By contrast, routine specialists largely stayed put and experienced lower wage growth than generalists and non-routine specialists. Essay II (with Adrian Adermon, Georg Graetz, and Yaroslav Yakymovych): Using a new identification strategy, we jointly estimate the growth in occupational wage premia and time-varying occupation-specific life-cycle profiles for Swedish workers 1996–2013. We document a substantial increase in between-occupation wage inequality due to differential growth in premia. The association of wage premium growth and employment growth is positive, suggesting that premium growth is predominantly driven by demand side factors. Essay III (with Peter Fredriksson, Lena Hensvik, and Oskar Nordström Skans): We provide two pieces of evidence that workers' capacity to extract rents from match-specific productivity hinges on their outside options. Using a measure of match quality, derived from the relationship between workers' multidimensional skills and job-specific skill requirements, we show that: (i) wages within ongoing matches are more closely aligned with match quality following an improvement of local labor market conditions; (ii) wages of job-to-job movers are positively related to the match quality in the previous job, even when controlling for previous wage.Essay IV (with Mats Hammarstedt, and Per Skedinger): In a field experiment we study the causal effects of previous work experience and language skills when Syrian refugees in Sweden apply for low-skilled jobs. We find no evidence of sizeable effects from experience or completed language classes on the probability of receiving callback from employers. However, female applicants were more likely than males to receive a positive response. As a complement to the experiment, we interview a select number of employers.
|
|
| 36. |
- Ek, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
The Geography and Concentration of Authorship in the Top Five : Implications For European Economics
- 2019
-
In: Scottish Journal of Political Economy. - : Wiley. - 0036-9292 .- 1467-9485. ; 66:2, s. 215-245
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study to what degree authors who publish in the five most prestigious journals in economics have previously published there and in which world region they are based. Although still high, the concentration of United States-based and previously published top-five authors has decreased. This trend is driven by increased co-authorship between USA and non-USA scholars and between scholars with and without previous top-five articles. Only around 5% of all articles each year are written solely by first-time authors from outside the United States, and this share has not increased since the mid-1990s. Against this background, we argue that European institutions should be wary of putting too much emphasis on publishing in these five journals. Both the advancement and diversity of the economics discipline may otherwise suffer.
|
|
| 37. |
- Ek, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
Vem publicerar i topp fem och vad betyder det för europeisk nationalekonomi?
- 2019
-
In: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; 47:5, s. 27-39
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vi studerar i vilken utsträckning nationalekonomer som publicerar i de fem högst rankade tidskrifterna (topp fem) gör detta återkommande och var de är verksamma. Andelen författare från USA och som redan publicerat i topp fem är hög, men har sjunkit de senaste decennierna. Nedgången förklaras främst av ökat samarbete mellan amerikanska och icke-amerikanska samt mellan tidigare publicerade och icke publicerade författare. Andelen artiklar enbart av icke-amerikanska förstagångsförfattare är däremot låg och har inte ökat. Med detta som bakgrund menar vi att europeiska universitet bör akta sig för att lägga alltför stor vikt vid topp fem-publiceringar. Annars riskeras mångfalden och samhällsrelevansen inom europeisk nationalekonomi.
|
|
| 38. |
- Ek, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
Wage policies and the integration of immigrants
- 2019
-
In: Integrating immigrants into the Nordic labour markets. - Copenhagen : Linnaeus University Centre for Discrimination and Integration Studies. - 9789289361996 - 9789289362009 - 9789289362016 ; , s. 187-209
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Most Nordic countries struggle with the integration of low-skilled immigrants. Relying on research from primarily the Nordics, we discuss to what extent minimum wage reductions can improve labour market prospects for immigrants, whether unskilled and low-pay jobs serve as stepping stones to more qualified and higher-paid jobs and how wages of incumbent workers would be affected by lower minimum wages. We argue that targeted minimum wage reductions aimed at new, previously non-existing jobs and increased differentiation of minimum wages according to experience provide an appropriate balance between the conflicting goals of high employment and low wage inequality.
|
|
| 39. |
- Eskelund, Christian W., et al.
(author)
-
TP53 mutations identify younger mantle cell lymphoma patients who do not benefit from intensive chemoimmunotherapy
- 2017
-
In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 130:17, s. 1903-1910
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Despite recent advances in lymphoma treatment, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) remains incurable, and we are still unable to identify patients who will not benefit from the current standard of care. Here, we explore the prognostic value of recurrent genetic aberrations in diagnostic bone marrow (BM) specimens from 183 younger patients with MCL from the Nordic MCL2 and MCL3 trials, which represent current standard-of-care regimens. In the univariate model, mutations of TP53 (11%) and NOTCH1 (4%), and deletions of TP53 (16%) andCDKN2A(20%),weresignificantly associatedwithinferioroutcomes(togetherwithMIPI, MIPI-c, blastoidmorphology, and Ki67 > 30%); however, inmultivariate analyses, only TP53 mutations (HR, 6.2; P <.0001) retained prognostic impact for overall survival (OS), whereas TP53 mutations (HR, 6.9; P <.0001) andMIPI-c high-risk (HR, 2.6; P5.003) had independent prognostic impact on time to relapse. TP53-mutated cases had a dismal outcome, with a median OS of 1.8 years, and 50% relapsed at 1.0 years, compared to a median OS of 12.7 years for TP53-unmutated cases (P <.0001). TP53 mutations were significantly associated with Ki67 > 30%, blastoid morphology, MIPI high-risk, and inferior responses to both induction- and high-dose chemotherapy. In conclusion, we show that TP53mutations identify a phenotypically distinct and highly aggressive form of MCL with poor or no response to regimens including cytarabine, rituximab, and autologous stem-cell transplant (ASCT). We suggest patients with MCL should be stratified according to TP53 status, and that patients with TP53 mutations should be considered for experimental frontline trials exploring novel agents.
|
|
| 40. |
- Holgersson, Marcus, 1983, et al.
(author)
-
Samband mellan immateriella tillgångar, innovation och ekonomisk tillväxt
- 2016
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Investeringar i immateriella tillgångar står idag för en betydande del av företags tillgångar, och hanteringen av dem är en viktig del i organisationernas arbete med att stärka sin konkurrenskraft. På samhällsnivå står dessa investeringar för en ökande andel av de totala investeringarna i ekonomin och är därmed är en avgörande faktor för fortsatt ekonomisk tillväxt och välstånd.Vinnova och Patent- och registreringsverket (PRV) har av regeringen fått i uppdrag att bidra till en förstärkt kunskapsutveckling, det vill säga forskning, om sambandet mellan immateriella tillgångar, innovation och ekonomisk tillväxt och nyttjandet av patentinformation som strategiskt verktyg.Med syftet att få fram en bild av kunskapsläget, och för att identifiera behov av ytterligare forskning, finansierade Vinnova under 2016 två kunskapsöversikter:Management av immateriella tillgångar som adresserar kunskap om samband på organisationsnivå och ger en översikt av forskning kring hur management av immateriella tillgångar framtagna i innovationsprocesser bidrar till konkurrenskraft.Immateriella tillgångar, innovationer och ekonomisk tillväxt/välstånd på makronivå avser som titeln antyder kunskapsläget kring dessa samband på samhällsnivå.
|
|
| 41. |
- Hultmark, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
Combinatorial molecule screening identifies a novel diterpene and the BET inhibitor CPI-203 as differentiation inducers of primary acute myeloid leukemia cells
- 2021
-
In: Haematologica. - : Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica). - 1592-8721 .- 0390-6078. ; 106:10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Combination treatment has proven effective for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, exemplifying the importance of therapy targeting multiple components of oncogenic regulation for a successful outcome. However, recent studies have shown that the mutational complexity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) precludes the translation of molecular targeting into clinical success. Here as a complement to genetic profiling, we used unbiased, combinatorial in vitro drug screening to identify pathways that drive AML and to develop personalized combinatorial treatments. First, we screened 513 natural compounds on primary AML cells and identified a novel diterpene (H4) that preferentially induced differentiation of FLT3 wild-type AMLs, while FLT3-ITD/mutations conferred resistance. The responding samples to H4, displayed increased expression of myeloid markers, a clear decrease in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and the potential of re-activation of the monocytic transcriptional program reducing leukemia propagation in vivo. By combinatorial screening using H4 and molecules with defined targets, we demonstrated that H4 induces differentiation by the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway, and in line with this, activates PKC phosphorylation and translocation of PKC to the cell membrane. Furthermore, the combinatorial screening identified a bromo- and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitor that could further improve H4-dependent leukemic differentiation in FLT3 wild-type monocytic AML. Taken together, this illustrates the value of an unbiased and multiplex screening platform for developing combinatorial therapeutic approaches for AML.
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
- Husby, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
miR-18b overexpression identifies mantle cell lymphoma patients with poor outcome and improves the MIPI-B prognosticator
- 2015
-
In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 125:17, s. 2669-2677
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent studies show that mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) express aberrant microRNA (miRNA) profiles; however, the clinical effect of miRNA expression has not previously been examined and validated in large prospective homogenously treated cohorts. We performed genome-wide miRNA microarray profiling of 74 diagnostic MCL samples from the Nordic MCL2trial (screening cohort). Prognosticmi RNAs were validated in diagnostic MCL samples from 94 patients of the independent Nordic MCL3 trial (validation cohort). Three miRNAs (miR-18b, miR-92a, and miR-378d) were significantly differentially expressed in patients who died of MCL in both cohorts. MiR-18b was superior to miR-92a and miR-378d in predicting high risk. Thus, we generated a new biological MCL International Prognostic Index (MIPI-B)-miR prognosticator, combining expression levels of miR-18b with MIPI-B data. Compared to the MIPI-B, this prognosticator improved identification of high-risk patients with regard to cause-specific, overall, and progression free survival. Transfection of 2 MCL cell lines with miR-18b decreased their proliferation rate without inducing apoptosis, suggesting that miR-18b may render MCL cells resistant to chemotherapy by decelerating cell proliferation. We conclude that overexpression of miR-18b identifies patients with poor prognosis in 2 large prospective MCL cohorts and adds prognostic information to the MIPI-B. MiR-18b may reduce the proliferation rate of MCL cells as a mechanism of chemoresistance.
|
|
| 44. |
- Kornienko, Vassily, et al.
(author)
-
Simultaneous multiple time scale imaging for kHz-MHz high-speed accelerometry
- 2022
-
In: Photonics Research. - 2327-9125. ; 10:7, s. 1712-1722
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fast transient events, such as the disintegration of liquid bodies or chemical reactions between radical species, involve various processes that may occur at different time scales. Currently, there are two alternatives for monitoring such events: burst- or high-speed imaging. Burst imaging at ultrahigh speeds (∼100 MHz to THz) allows for the capture of nature's fastest processes but only for a narrowly confined period of time and at a repetition rate of ∼10 Hz. Monitoring long lasting, rapidly evolving transient events requires a significantly higher repetition rate, which is met by existing ∼kHz to 1 MHz high-speed imaging technology. However, the use of such systems eliminates the possibility to observe dynamics occurring on the sub-microsecond time scale. In this paper, we present a solution to this technological gap by combining multiplexed imaging with high-speed sensor technology, resulting in temporally resolved, high-spatial-resolution image series at two simultaneous time scales. We further demonstrate how the collection of such data opens up the tracking of rapidly evolving structures up to MHz burst rates over long durations, allowing, for the first time, to our knowledge, the extraction of acceleration fields acting upon the liquid bodies of an atomizing spray in two dimensions at kHz frame rates.
|
|
| 45. |
- Matti, Simon, 1976-, et al.
(author)
-
Managing Participation : prospects for learning and legitimacy-creation in Swedish water management
- 2017
-
In: Water Policy. - : IWA Publishing. - 1366-7017 .- 1996-9759. ; 19:1, s. 99-114
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The article evaluates whether the participatory arrangements in Swedish water management following from the European Union's Water Framework Directive contribute to legitimacy by increased learning and knowledge-generation. In contrast to most evaluations of collaborative arrangements, we use a three-tiered approach analyzing actors, processes and structures jointly, which allows us to more fully consider the merits and challenges facing this new management system. Based on original data collected from the Water councils in one of five Swedish Water Districts, we conclude that the prospects for learning and legitimacy-creation in Swedish water management are favorable. Despite the absence of decision-making power, a majority of the participants find the management system overall positive and meaningful, as new knowledge is collected and distributed through the Water councils. Thus, the management processes seem to work in favor of reaching the overarching goal of internal legitimacy, i.e. among the participating stakeholders. The main challenge, following our data, is for the new management system to serve as an arena for broad public involvement. As long as only a small number of stakeholders partake in the Water councils, the potential for creating external legitimacy for this new governance system is limited.
|
|
| 46. |
- Matti, Simon, et al.
(author)
-
Value hierarchies and public deliberations : do people deliberate about core values?
- 2012
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Ever since Aristotle’s outline of the political animal in his Politics, the notion of dialogue as at the center of political life has been strong, and inspired a vibrant tradition within democratic theory to designate public deliberations as a cornerstone of participatory democracy and representative government. Although the literature on deliberation has grown rapidly over the past decades, it has mostly been theoretical. to date we also have a rather limited knowledge of the content of deliberative processes, i.e. what actually transpires when people deliberate on a given issue and how participants process the value-based appeals presented to them. This is surprising as the level of abstraction on which the deliberations revolve should have significant bearing on the outcomes in terms of value elicitation and –change. The purpose of this paper is to explore the content of a public deliberation. We do so in a case that should present ideal conditions for enlightened deliberations on core values: the planning of a large-scale on-shore wind-farm. Do the deliberations concern the value-conflicts presented by political elites and media (and subsequently applied to construct attributes in e.g. a choice experiments and non-market valuations)? Or, do deliberations rather revolve round more salient, issue-specific opinions? Furthermore, what does this tell us about the prospects for applying public deliberations as a tool for raising moral and value concerns, and for solving or amending values-based conflicts of interest?
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
- Mishra, A, et al.
(author)
-
Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development
- 2023
-
In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 615:7954, s. 874-883
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
