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- Enache, D., et al.
(author)
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Antidepressants and mortality risk in a dementia cohort : data from SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Registry
- 2016
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In: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 134:5, s. 430-440
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The association between mortality risk and use of antidepressants in people with dementia is unknown. Objective: To describe the use of antidepressants in people with different dementia diagnoses and to explore mortality risk associated with use of antidepressants 3 years before a dementia diagnosis. Methods: Study population included 20 050 memory clinic patients from the Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem) diagnosed with incident dementia. Data on antidepressants dispensed at the time of dementia diagnosis and during 3-year period before dementia diagnosis were obtained from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Cox regression models were used. Results: During a median follow-up of 2 years from dementia diagnosis, 25.8% of dementia patients died. A quarter (25.0%) of patients were on antidepressants at the time of dementia diagnosis, while 21.6% used antidepressants at some point during a 3-year period before a dementia diagnosis. Use of antidepressant treatment for 3 consecutive years before a dementia diagnosis was associated with a lower mortality risk for all dementia disorders and in Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: Antidepressant treatment is common among patients with dementia. Use of antidepressants during prodromal stages may reduce mortality in dementia and specifically in Alzheimer's disease.
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| 2. |
- Enache, D, et al.
(author)
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Antidepressants and mortality risk in a dementia cohort - data from SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Registry
- 2016
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In: EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 33, s. S85-S85
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The association between mortality risk and use of antidepressants in people with dementia is unknown.ObjectiveTo describe the use of antidepressants in people with different dementia diagnoses and to explore mortality risk associated with use of antidepressants 3 years before a dementia diagnosis.MethodsStudy population included 20,050 memory clinic patients from Swedish Dementia Registry diagnosed with incident dementia. Data on antidepressants dispensed at the time of dementia diagnosis and during three-year period before dementia diagnosis was obtained from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Cox regression models were used.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 2 years from dementia diagnosis, 25.8% of dementia patients died. A quarter (25.0%) of patients were on antidepressants at the time of dementia diagnosis while 21.6% used antidepressants at some point during a three-year period before a dementia diagnosis. Use of antidepressant treatment for 3 consecutive years before a dementia diagnosis was associated with a lower mortality risk for all dementia disorders (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72–0.94) and in Alzheimer's disease (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.45–0.83). There were no significant associations between use of antidepressant treatment and mortality risk in other dementia diagnoses.ConclusionAntidepressant treatment is common among patients with dementia. Use of antidepressants during prodromal stages may reduce mortality in dementia and specifically in Alzheimer's disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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- Enache, D, et al.
(author)
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Medial temporal lobe atrophy and depressive symptoms in elderly patients with and without Alzheimer disease
- 2015
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In: Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0891-9887 .- 1552-5708. ; 28:1, s. 40-48
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To determine whether depressive symptoms are associated with medial temporal lobe atrophy in older people with and without Alzheimer disease (AD).Method:A total of 368 memory clinic patients with AD, mild cognitive impairment, and subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) were included. Depressive symptoms were defined as a score of 8 or higher on Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia or use of antidepressant medications. Magnetic resonance imaging and computer tomography scans were rated for medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), using the Scheltens scale. For a subsample (n = 57 patients), hippocampal volume was manually traced.Results:Based on visual assessment, AD patients with depressive symptoms had less atrophy of the right medial temporal lobe (odds ratio [OR] for having MTA: 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16-0.99) and decreased scores on Scheltens scale for the left medial temporal lobe (OR: 0.43, 95% CI 0.19-0.96) in comparison to AD patients without depressive symptoms. In the subgroup where manual tracing was used to measure hippocampal volume, people with SCI experiencing depressive symptoms had smaller right (mean difference: 0.28 cm3; P = .005) and left (mean difference 0.32 cm3; P = .002) hippocampal volumes compared to people with SCI who did not have depressive symptoms.Conclusion:Hippocampal atrophy was more pronounced among patients having SCI with depressive symptoms, while the medial temporal lobe was less atrophic in patients having AD with depressive symptoms than those without depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that different mechanisms underlie depression in older people with and without AD and may explain some of the inconsistent observations in previous studies.
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- Brebu, M., et al.
(author)
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Volatolomic analysis applied to farm animals. II. : Volatile compounds emitted from the faeces of cattle
- 2020
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In: REVISTA ROMANA DE MEDICINA VETERINARA. - : Asociatia Generala a Medicilor Veterinari din Romania. - 1220-3173 .- 2457-7618. ; 30:1, s. 34-38
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Volatolomics opens new possibilities for the study of the biological systems. The volatility distribution of highly- and semi-volatile organic compounds released from the faeces of cattle was studied. Samples were collected from farm animals in three regions of Romania, namely Ramnicu Valcea, Bistri.a Nasaud and Constanta. Special procedures for sample collection, storage, transportation and analysis were developed. Organic compounds were found in a broad boiling point range, from n-C-6 (36 degrees C) up to n-C-17 (302 degrees C), but the highest concentration of about 80 % was found in the range of n-C-9-n-C-12 (151-216 degrees C), with a peak at n-C-10 (151-174 degrees C). Only slight variations were observed among the samples collected from different geographical regions.
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| 16. |
- Brebu, M., et al.
(author)
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Volatolomic analysis applied to farm animals. III. : Volatile compounds emitted through skin of cattle
- 2020
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In: REVISTA ROMANA DE MEDICINA VETERINARA. - : Asociatia Generala a Medicilor Veterinari din Romania. - 1220-3173 .- 2457-7618. ; 30:2, s. 29-32
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Volatolomics opens new possibilities for the study of biological systems. Volatility distribution of highly-and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted through the skin of cattle was studied. Samples were collected from farm animals in three regions of Romania, namely Ramnicu Valcea, Bistrita Nasaud and Constanta. Special procedures for sample collection, storage, transportation and analysis were developed. About 62 -68 % of organic compounds emitted through skin had the volatility in the boiling point range of n-C(10 )ormal paraffin (151-174 degrees C) and another 16-18 % was in the range of n-C-11- n-C-12 (174-216 degrees C). Only slight variations were observed among samples collected from different geographical regions.
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- Nettis, MA, et al.
(author)
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Augmentation therapy with minocycline in treatment-resistant depression patients with low-grade peripheral inflammation: results from a double-blind randomised clinical trial
- 2021
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In: Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1740-634X. ; 46:5, s. 939-948
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aimed to investigate the role of baseline levels of peripheral inflammation when testing the efficacy of antidepressant augmentation with minocycline in patients with treatment-resistant depression. We conducted a 4-week, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial of minocycline (200 mg/day) added to antidepressant treatment in 39 patients selected for elevated levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP ≥ 1 mg/L), n = 18 randomised to minocycline (M) and n = 21 to placebo (P). The main outcome was the change in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D-17) score from baseline to week 4, expressed both as mean and as full or partial response, in the overall sample and after further stratification for baseline CRP≥3 mg/L. Secondary outcomes included changes in other clinical and inflammatory measures. Changes in HAM-D-17 scores and the proportion of partial responders did not differ between study arms. After stratification for CRP levels <3 mg/L (CRP−) or ≥3 mg/L (CRP+), CRP+/M patients showed the largest changes in HAM-D-17 scores (mean ± SD = 12.00 ± 6.45) compared with CRP-/M (2.42 ± 3.20, p < 0.001), CRP+/P (3.50 ± 4.34, p = 0.003) and CRP−/P (2.11 ± 3.26, p = 0.006) patients, and the largest proportion (83.3%, p = 0.04) of partial treatment response at week 4. The threshold point for baseline CRP to distinguish responders from non-responders to minocycline was 2.8 mg/L. Responders to minocycline had higher baseline IL-6 concentrations than non-responders (p = 0.03); IFNγ was significantly reduced after treatment with minocycline compared with placebo (p = 0.03). Our data show some evidence of efficacy of add-on treatment with minocycline in MDD patients but only in those with low-grade inflammation defined as CRP ≥3 mg/L.
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- Nettis, MA, et al.
(author)
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PET imaging shows no changes in TSPO brain density after IFN-α immune challenge in healthy human volunteers
- 2020
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In: Translational psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 10:1, s. 89-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Depression is associated with peripheral inflammation, but its link with brain microglial activity remains unclear. In seven healthy males, we used repeated translocator protein-Positron Emission Tomography (TSPO-PET) dynamic scans with [11C]PBR28 to image brain microglial activation before and 24 h after the immune challenge interferon (IFN)-α. We also investigated the association between changes in peripheral inflammation, changes in microglial activity, and changes in mood. IFN-α administration decreased [11C]PBR28 PET tissue volume of distribution (Vt) across the brain (−20 ± 4%; t6 = 4.1, p = 0.01), but after correction for radioligand free-plasma fraction there were no longer any changes (+23 ± 31%; t = 0.1, p = 0.91). IFN-α increased serum IL-6 (1826 ± 513%, t6 = −7.5, p < 0.001), IL-7 (39 ± 12%, t6 = −3.6, p = 0.01), IL-10 (328 ± 48%, t6 = −12.8, p < 0.001), and IFN-γ (272 ± 64%, t6 = −7.0, p < 0.001) at 4–6 h, and increased serum TNF-α (49 ± 7.6%, t6 = −7.5, p < 0.001), IL-8 (39 ± 12%, t6 = −3.5, p = 0.013), and C-reactive protein (1320 ± 459%, t6 = −7.2, p < 0.001) at 24 h. IFN-α induced temporary mood changes and sickness symptoms after 4–6 h, measured as an increase in POMS-2 total mood score, confusion and fatigue, and a decrease in vigor and friendliness (all p ≤ 0.04). No association was found between changes in peripheral inflammation and changes in PET or mood measures. Our work suggests that brain TSPO-PET signal is highly dependent of inflammation-induced changes in ligand binding to plasma proteins. This limits its usefulness as a sensitive marker of neuroinflammation and consequently, data interpretation. Thus, our results can be interpreted as showing either that [11C]PBR28 is not sensitive enough under these conditions, or that there is simply no microglial activation in this model.
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