| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(author)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
- Ahlsson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Atrial function after epicardial microwave ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation
- 2008
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In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 42:3, s. 192-201
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To study epicardial microwave ablation of concomitant atrial fibrillation and its effects on heart rhythm and atrial function during follow-up. DESIGN: The study included 20 open-heart surgery patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation. Transthoracic echocardiography with flow and tissue Doppler recordings was performed preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. Blood samples were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively for analysis of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and amino terminal precursor of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). RESULTS: Fourteen of 19 patients (74%) were in sinus rhythm with no antiarrhythmic drugs at 12 months. All patients in sinus rhythm had preserved left and right atrial-filling waves through atrioventricular valves during atrial contraction. Tissue velocity echocardiography on patients in sinus rhythm showed preserved atrial wall velocities, atrial strain, and atrial strain rate. Levels of natriuretic peptides tended to decrease in patients with stable sinus rhythm at one year compared to patients in atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS: Epicardial microwave ablation results in sinus rhythm in a majority of patients and seems to preserve atrial mechanical function
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| 3. |
- Clayton, Emma L., et al.
(author)
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Early microgliosis precedes neuronal loss and behavioural impairment in mice with a frontotemporal dementia-causing CHMP2B mutation
- 2017
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In: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 26:5, s. 873-887
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD)-causing mutations in the CHMP2B gene lead to the generation of mutant C-terminally truncated CHMP2B. We report that transgenic mice expressing endogenous levels of mutant CHMP2B developed late-onset brain volume loss associated with frank neuronal loss and FTD-like changes in social behaviour. These data are the first to show neurodegeneration in mice expressing mutant CHMP2B and indicate that our mouse model is able to recapitulate neurodegenerative changes observed in FTD. Neuroinflammation has been increasingly implicated in neurodegeneration, including FTD. Therefore, we investigated neuroinflammation in our CHMP2B mutant mice. We observed very early microglial proliferation that develops into a clear pro-inflammatory phenotype at late stages. Importantly, we also observed a similar inflammatory profile in CHMP2B patient frontal cortex. Aberrant microglial function has also been implicated in FTD caused by GRN, MAPT and C9orf72 mutations. The presence of early microglial changes in our CHMP2B mutant mice indicates neuroinflammation may be a contributing factor to the neurodegeneration observed in FTD.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- El-Sayed, Najib M., et al.
(author)
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The genome sequence of Trypanosoma cruzi, etiologic agent of Chagas disease.
- 2005
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In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 309:5733, s. 409-15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Whole-genome sequencing of the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi revealed that the diploid genome contains a predicted 22,570 proteins encoded by genes, of which 12,570 represent allelic pairs. Over 50% of the genome consists of repeated sequences, such as retrotransposons and genes for large families of surface molecules, which include trans-sialidases, mucins, gp63s, and a large novel family (>1300 copies) of mucin-associated surface protein (MASP) genes. Analyses of the T. cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania major (Tritryp) genomes imply differences from other eukaryotes in DNA repair and initiation of replication and reflect their unusual mitochondrial DNA. Although the Tritryp lack several classes of signaling molecules, their kinomes contain a large and diverse set of protein kinases and phosphatases; their size and diversity imply previously unknown interactions and regulatory processes, which may be targets for intervention.
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| 6. |
- Englund, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Hodgkin lymphoma in children, adolescents and young adults - a comparative study of clinical presentation and treatment outcome.
- 2018
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In: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 57:2, s. 276-282
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment protocols for children, adolescents and young adults traditionally differ, but the biological and clinical justification for this remains uncertain.Material and methods: We compared age-dependent clinical presentation and treatment and outcome for 1072 classical HL patients 0–24 years diagnosed in Denmark (1990–2010) and Sweden (1992–2009) in pediatric (n = 315, Denmark <15 years, Sweden <18 years) or adult departments (n = 757). Distribution of clinical characteristics was assessed with Pearson’s chi2-test and Mantel–Haenszel trend test. The Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analyses. Hazard ratios (HR) were used to compare the different treatment groups and calculated using Cox regression.Results: Children (0–9 years) less often presented with advanced disease than adolescents (10–17 years) and young adults (18–24 years) (stage IIB-IV: children 32% vs. adolescents 50%, and adults 55%; p < .005). No variation in overall survival (OS) was seen between pediatric and adult departments or by country. Danish pediatric patients received radiotherapy (36%) less frequently than Swedish pediatric patients (71%) (p < .0001). Ten-year event-free survival (EFS) was lower among Danish pediatric patients (0–14 years) (0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70–0.86) than among Swedish pediatric patients (0–17 years) (0.88; 95% CI 0.83–0.92), HR (1.93; 95% CI 1.08–3.46). A similar pattern was seen between adult patients in the two countries: Denmark 10-year EFS 0.85 (95% CI 0.81–0.88), Sweden 0.88 (95% CI 0.84–0.91), adjusted HR 1.51 (95% CI 1.03–2.22).Conclusion: Adolescents and young adults shared similar clinical presentation suggesting a rationale of harmonized treatment for these groups. Both adult and pediatric protocols provided high OS with no significant difference between the departments. The less frequent use of radiotherapy in Danish pediatric patients corresponded to a lower EFS, but comparable OS in all groups confirmed effective rescue strategies for the relapsing patients.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Glimelius, Ingrid, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Distribution of hospital care among pediatric and young adult Hodgkin lymphoma survivors : A population-based cohort study from Sweden and Denmark
- 2019
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In: Cancer Medicine. - : Wiley. - 2045-7634. ; 8:10, s. 4918-4927
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The burden of late effects among Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors treated according to contemporary protocols remains poorly characterized. We used nation-wide registers to assess number of inpatient bed-days and specialist outpatient visits among 1048 HL-patients (<25 years, diagnosed 1990-2010) and 5175 country-, sex-, and age-matched comparators. We followed them for up to 24 years, with time-dependent assessment of relapse status. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) chapter-specific hazard ratios (HRs) were assessed in Cox regression analyses, and nonparametric statistics described patterns of health-care-use. Relative to comparators, relapse-free survivors were at increased risk of infections, diseases of the blood, endocrine, circulatory and respiratory systems, and unspecific symptoms, HRs ranging from 1.86 to 3.05. Relative to comparators, relapsed survivors had at statistically significantly increased risk of diseases reflecting practically all investigated disease-chapters, HRs ranging from 1.60 to 18.7. Among relapse-free survivors, 10% of the patients accounted for 80% of all hospital bed days, and 55% were never hospitalized during follow-up. Among relapsed-survivors, 10% of the patients accounted for 50% of the bed days, and only 24% were never hospitalized during follow-up. In contrast, 10% of the comparators accounted for 90% of hospital bed days and 75% were never hospitalized. These findings challenge the impression of a uniformly distributed long-term morbidity among all HL survivors and emphasize the need for early identification and attention to patients particularly susceptible to late effects, such as relapsed survivors.
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| 10. |
- Rostgaard, Nina, et al.
(author)
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TMEM106B and ApoE polymorphisms in CHMP2B-mediated frontotemporal dementia (FTD-3)
- 2017
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In: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580. ; 59, s. 1-221
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the TMEM106B gene have been identified as a risk factor in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The major allele of SNP rs3173615 is a risk factor in sporadic FTD, whereas the minor allele seems protective in GRN- and C9orf72-mediated FTD. The role of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in FTD is uncertain, though an established risk factor in Alzheimer's disease. In a unique Danish family, inherited FTD is caused by a mutation in the CHMP2B gene located on chromosome 3 (FTD-3). In this family, both risk factors TMEM106B and ApoE were analyzed and correlated to age at onset (AAO) and progression in terms of age at institutionalization (AAI) and age at death (AAD). Although TMEM106B and CHMP2B share cellular function in that both localize to endolysosomes, TMEM106B genotypes appeared to have no influence on the clinical disease course. ApoE ε4 was found to be a protective factor with later AAO and AAI, whereas ε2 seemed to aggravate the disease with earlier AAO and AAD. These results indicate ApoE ε2 as a risk factor in FTD-3 and suggest a protective role of ε4.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Agell, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Incentives and redistribution in the welfare state: The Swedish tax reform
- 1998. - Subsequent edition
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This book reviews the lessons from the Swedish 1991 tax reform, the most far-reaching tax reform in any Western industrialized country in the post-war period. The authors discuss a range of behavioural responses (including tax planning, savings, labour supply, investment, etc), and assess the overall effects on efficiency and equity. They also draw lessons for tax reform more generally. The book should be of interest to anyone with an interest in tax policy and tax reform evaluation.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Agåker, Marcus, et al.
(author)
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An ultra-high-stability four-axis ultra-high-vacuum sample manipulator
- 2021
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In: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. - : International Union Of Crystallography. - 1600-5775 .- 0909-0495. ; 28:Pt 4, s. 1059-1068
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A report on a four-axis ultra-high-stability manipulator developed for use at the Veritas and Species RIXS beamlines at MAX IV Laboratory, Lund, Sweden, is presented. The manipulator consists of a compact, light-weight X-Y table with a stiffened Z tower carrying a platform with a rotary seal to which a manipulator rod holding the sample can be attached. Its design parameters have been optimized to achieve high eigen-frequencies via a light-weight yet stiff construction, to absorb forces without deformations, provide a low center of gravity, and have a compact footprint without compromising access to the manipulator rod. The manipulator system can house a multitude of different, easily exchangeable, manipulator rods that can be tailor-made for specific experimental requirements without having to rebuild the entire sample positioning system. It is shown that the manipulator has its lowest eigen-frequency at 48.5 Hz and that long-term stability is in the few tens of nanometres. Position accuracy is shown to be better than 100 nm. Angular accuracy is in the 500 nrad range with a long-term stability of a few hundred nanoradians.
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| 16. |
- Alhede, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Antiarrhythmic medication is superior to catheter ablation in suppressing supraventricular ectopic complexes in patients with atrial fibrillation
- 2017
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In: International Journal of Cardiology. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 244, s. 186-191
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Supraventricular ectopic complexes (SVEC) originating in the pulmonary veins are known triggers of atrial fibrillation (AF) which led to the development of pulmonary vein isolation for AF. However, the long-term prevalence of SVEC after catheter ablation (CA) as compared to antiarrhythmic medication (AAD) is unknown. Our aims were to compare the prevalence of SVEC after AAD and CA and to estimate the association between baseline SVEC burden and AF burden during 24 months of follow-up. Methods: Patients with paroxysmal AF (N = 260) enrolled in the MANTRA PAF trial were treated with AAD (N = 132) or CA (N = 128). At baseline and 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months follow-up patients underwent 7-day Holter monitoring to assess SVEC and AF burden. We compared SVEC burden between treatments with Wilcoxon sum rank test. Results: Patients treated with AAD had significantly lower daily SVEC burden during follow-up as compared to CA (AAD: 19 [6-58] versus CA: 39 [14-125], p = 0.003). SVEC burden increased post-procedurally followed by a decrease after CA whereas after AAD SVEC burden decreased and stabilized after 3 months of follow-up. Patients with low SVEC burden had low AF burden after both treatments albeit this was more pronounced after CA at 24 months of follow-up. Conclusion: AAD was superior to CA in suppressing SVEC burden after treatment of paroxysmal AF. After CA SVEC burden increased immediately post-procedural followed by a decrease whereas after AAD an early decrease was observed. Lower SVEC burden was highly associated with lower AF burden during follow-up especially after CA. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 17. |
- Alhede, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Higher burden of supraventricular ectopic complexes early after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation is associated with increased risk of recurrent atrial fibrillation
- 2018
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In: Europace. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1099-5129 .- 1532-2092. ; 20:1, s. 50-57
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims Early identification of patients who could benefit from early re-intervention after catheter ablation is highly warranted. Our aim was to investigate the association between post-procedural burden of supraventricular ectopic complexes (SVEC) and the risk of long-term atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. Methods and results A total of 125 patients undergoing catheter ablation for AF were included. Patients underwent 7-day Holter recordings immediately post-procedural. The number of SVEC in post-procedural Holter recordings was categorized into quartiles: 0-72, 73-212, 213-782 and amp;gt;= 783 SVEC/day. Long-term AF recurrence was defined as a combined endpoint of AF amp;gt;= 1 min during follow-up Holter recordings, cardioversion or hospitalization for AF after a 3-month blanking period and within 24 months of follow-up. High post-procedural supraventricular ectopy burden was associated with an increased risk of long-term AF recurrence in a dose-dependent manner (amp;gt;= 783 SVEC: HR 4.6 [1.9-11.5], P amp;lt; 0.001) irrespective of AF recurrence during the blanking period or other risk factors. In patients with early AF recurrence amp;lt; 90 days after catheter ablation ectopy burden was also highly predictive of long-term AF recurrence (SVEC amp;gt;= 213: HR 3.0 [1.3-6.7], P = 0.007). Correspondingly, patients with early AF recurrence but low ectopy burden remained at low risk of long-term AF recurrence after the blanking period. Conclusion Our results indicate that post-procedural ectopy burden is highly associated with long-term AF recurrence and could be a potent risk marker for selection of patients for early re-ablation. Development of future ablation risk stratification and strategies should include focus on post-procedural ectopy burden.
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| 18. |
- Alhede, Christina, et al.
(author)
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The impact of supraventricular ectopic complexes in different age groups and risk of recurrent atrial fibrillation after antiarrhythmic medication or catheter ablation
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Cardiology. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 250, s. 122-127
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Supraventricular ectopic complexes (SVEC) are known risk factors of recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the impact of SVEC in different age groups is unknown. We aimed to investigate the risk of AF recurrence with higher SVEC burden in patients +/- 57 years, respectively, after treatment with antiarrhythmic medication (AAD) or catheter ablation (CA). Methods: In total, 260 patients with LVEF amp;gt;40% and age amp;lt;= 70 years were randomized to AAD (N = 132) or CA (N = 128) as first-line treatment for paroxysmal AF. All patients underwent 7-day Holter monitoring at baseline, and after 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months and were categorized according to median age +/- 57 years. We used multi-variate Cox regression analyses and we defined high SVEC burden at 3 months of follow-up as the upper 75th percentile amp;gt;195 SVEC/day. AF recurrence was defined as AF amp;gt;= 1 min, AF-related cardioversion or hospitalization. Results: Age amp;gt;57 years were significantly associated with higher AF recurrence rate after CA (58% vs 36%, p = 0.02). After CA, we observed a higher SVEC burden during follow-up in patients amp;gt;57 years which was not observed in the younger age group treatedwith CA (p = 0.006). High SVEC burden at 3 months after CA was associated with AF recurrence in older patients but not in younger patients (amp;gt;57 years: HR 3.4 [1.4-7.9], p = 0.005). We did not find any age-related differences after AAD. Conclusion: We found that younger and older patients respond differently to CA and that SVEC burden was only associated with AF recurrence in older patients. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 19. |
- Álvarez-Buylla, Elena R., et al.
(author)
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B-Function Expression in the Flower Center Underlies the Homeotic Phenotype of Lacandonia schismatica (Triuridaceae)
- 2010
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In: The Plant Cell. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 22:11, s. 3543-3559
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Spontaneous homeotic transformations have been described in natural populations of both plants and animals, but little is known about the molecular-genetic mechanisms underlying these processes in plants. In the ABC model of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis thaliana, the B- and C-functions are necessary for stamen morphogenesis, and C alone is required for carpel identity. We provide ABC model-based molecular-genetic evidence that explains the unique inside-out homeotic floral organ arrangement of the monocotyledonous mycoheterotroph species Lacandonia schismatica (Triuridaceae) from Mexico. Whereas a quarter million flowering plant species bear central carpels surrounded by stamens, L. schismatica stamens occur in the center of the flower and are surrounded by carpels. The simplest explanation for this is that the B-function is displaced toward the flower center. Our analyses of the spatio-temporal pattern of B- and C-function gene expression are consistent with this hypothesis. The hypothesis is further supported by conservation between the B-function genes of L. schismatica and Arabidopsis, as the former are able to rescue stamens in Arabidopsis transgenic complementation lines, and Ls-AP3 and Ls-PI are able to interact with each other and with the corresponding Arabidopsis B-function proteins in yeast. Thus, relatively simple molecular modifications may underlie important morphological shifts in natural populations of extant plant taxa.
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| 20. |
- Alvarez, José M, et al.
(author)
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The WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 3 gene PaWOX3 regulates lateral organ formation in Norway spruce
- 2015
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In: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 208:4, s. 1078-1088
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In angiosperms, WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 3 (WOX3) genes are required for the recruitment of founder cells from the lateral domains of shoot meristems that form lateral regions of leaves. However, the regulation of the formation of lateral organs in gymnosperms remains unknown. By using somatic embryos of Norway spruce ( Picea abies) we have studied the expression and function of PaWOX3 during embryo development. The mRNA abundance of PaWOX3 was determined by quantitative real-time PCR, and the spatial expression of PaWOX3 was analysed by histochemical beta-glucuronidase (GUS) assays and in situ mRNA hybridization. To investigate the function of PaWOX3, we analysed how downregulation of PaWOX3 in RNA interference lines affected embryo development and morphology. PaWOX3 was highly expressed in mature embryos at the base of each cotyledon close to the junction between the cotyledons, and in the lateral margins of cotyledons and needles, separating them into an adaxial and an abaxial side. Downregulation of the expression of PaWOX3 caused defects in lateral margin outgrowth in cotyledons and needles, and reduced root elongation. Our data suggest that the WOX3 function in margin outgrowth in lateral organs is conserved among the seed plants, whereas its function in root elongation may be unique to gymnosperms.
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| 21. |
- Aronsson, Mattias, et al.
(author)
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The cost-effectiveness of radiofrequency catheter ablation as first-line treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation : results from a MANTRA-PAF substudy.
- 2015
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In: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1099-5129 .- 1532-2092. ; 17:1, s. 48-55
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this prospective substudy was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of treating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) with radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) compared with antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) as first-line treatment.METHODS AND RESULTS: A decision-analytic Markov model, based on MANTRA-PAF (Medical Antiarrhythmic Treatment or Radiofrequency Ablation in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation) study data, was developed to study long-term effects and costs of RFA compared with AADs as first-line treatment. Positive clinical effects were found in the overall population, a gain of an average 0.06 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) to an incremental cost of €3033, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of €50 570/QALY. However, the result of the subgroup analyses showed that RFA was less costly and more effective in younger patients. This implied an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of €3434/QALY in ≤50-year-old patients respectively €108 937/QALY in >50-year-old patients.CONCLUSION: Radiofrequency catheter ablation as first-line treatment is a cost-effective strategy for younger patients with paroxysmal AF. However, the cost-effectiveness of using RFA as first-line therapy in older patients is uncertain, and in most of these AADs should be attempted before RFA (MANTRA-PAF ClinicalTrials.gov number; NCT00133211).
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| 22. |
- Asif, Muhammad H, et al.
(author)
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Functionalised ZnO-nanorod-based selective electrochemical sensor for intracellular glucose
- 2010
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In: Biosensors & Bioelectronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4235 .- 0956-5663. ; 25:10, s. 2205-2211
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, we report a functionalised ZnO-nanorod-based selective electrochemical sensor for intracellular glucose. To adjust the sensor for intracellular glucose measurements, we grew hexagonal ZnO nanorods on the tip of a silver-covered borosilicate glass capillary (0.7 mu m diameter) and coated them with the enzyme glucose oxidase. The enzyme-coated ZnO nanorods exhibited a glucose-dependent electrochemical potential difference versus an Ag/AgCl reference microelectrode. The potential difference was linear over the concentration range of interest (0.5-1000 mu M). The measured glucose concentration in human adipocytes or frog oocytes using our ZnO-nanorod sensor was consistent with values of glucose concentration reported in the literature; furthermore, the sensor was able to show that insulin increased the intracellular glucose concentration. This nanoelectrode device demonstrates a simple technique to measure intracellular glucose concentration. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 23. |
- Asif, Muhammad H., et al.
(author)
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Growth and Structure of ZnO Nanorods on a Sub-Micrometer Glass Pipette and Their Application as Intracellular Potentiometric Selective Ion Sensors
- 2010
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In: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 3, s. 4657-4667
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents the growth and structure of ZnO nanorods on a sub-micrometer glass pipette and their application as an intracellular selective ion sensor. Highly oriented, vertical and aligned ZnO nanorods were grown on the tip of a borosilicate glass capillary (0.7 μm in diameter) by the low temperature aqueous chemical growth (ACG) technique. The relatively large surface-to-volume ratio of ZnO nanorods makes them attractive for electrochemical sensing. Transmission electron microscopy studies show that ZnO nanorods are single crystals and grow along the crystal’s c-axis. The ZnO nanorods were functionalized with a polymeric membrane for selective intracellular measurements of Na +. The membrane-coated ZnO nanorods exhibited a Na+-dependent electrochemical potential difference versus an Ag/AgCl reference micro-electrode within a wide concentration range from 0.5 mM to 100 mM. The fabrication of functionalized ZnO nanorods paves the way to sense a wide range of biochemical species at the intracellular level.
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| 24. |
- Balint, Miklos, et al.
(author)
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Environmental DNA time series in ecology
- 2018
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In: Trends in Ecology & Evolution. - London : Elsevier. - 0169-5347 .- 1872-8383. ; 33:12, s. 945-957
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ecological communities change in time and space, but long-term dynamics at the century-to-millennia scale are poorly documented due to lack of relevant data sets. Nevertheless, understanding long-term dynamics is important for explaining present-day biodiversity patterns and placing conservation goals in a historical context. Here, we use recent examples and new perspectives to highlight how environmental DNA (eDNA) is starting to provide a powerful new source of temporal data for research questions that have so far been overlooked, by helping to resolve the ecological dynamics of populations, communities, and ecosystems over hundreds to thousands of years. We give examples of hypotheses that may be addressed by temporal eDNA biodiversity data, discuss possible research directions, and outline related challenges.
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| 25. |
- Becker, Bo, et al.
(author)
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Konjunkturrådets rapport 2015 - Den svenska skulden
- 2015. - 1st
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- De svenska hushållens skulder utgör inget akut hot mot den finansiella stabiliteten. Men åtgärder krävs för att göra systemet mer robust mot störningar och få lånemarknaderna att fungera bättre för hushåll och företag. Det är de övergripande slutsatserna i SNS Konjunkturrådsrapport 2015 "Den svenska skulden".
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Berggren, Monica, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Effects of geriatric interdisciplinary home rehabilitation on complications and readmissions after hip fracture : a randomized controlled trial
- 2019
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In: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : Sage Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 33:1, s. 64-73
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: This pre-planned secondary analysis of geriatric interdisciplinary home rehabilitation, which was initially found to shorten the postoperative length of stay in hospital for older individuals following hip fracture, investigated whether such rehabilitation reduced the numbers of complications, readmissions, and total days spent in hospital after discharge during a 12-month follow-up period compared with conventional geriatric care and rehabilitation.Design: Randomized controlled trial.Setting: Geriatric department, participants' residential care facilities, and ordinary housing.Subjects: Individuals aged ⩾70 years with acute hip fracture (n = 205) were included.Intervention: Geriatric interdisciplinary home rehabilitation was individually designed and aimed at early discharge with the intention to prevent, detect, and treat complications after discharge.Main measures: Complications, readmissions, and days spent in hospital were registered from patients' digital records and interviews conducted during hospitalization and at 3- and 12-month follow-up visits.Results: No significant difference in outcomes was observed. Between discharge and the 12-month follow-up, among participants in the geriatric interdisciplinary home rehabilitation group (n = 106) and control group (n = 93), 57 (53.8%) and 44 (47.3%) had complications (P = 0.443), 46 (43.4%) and 38 (40.9%) fell (P = 0.828), and 38 (35.8%) and 27 (29.0%) were readmitted to hospital (P = 0.383); the median total days spent in hospital were 11.5 and 11.0 (P = 0.353), respectively.Conclusion: Geriatric interdisciplinary home rehabilitation for older individuals following hip fracture resulted in similar proportions of complications, readmissions, and total days spent in hospital after discharge compared with conventional geriatric care and rehabilitation.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Brownstone, David, et al.
(author)
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Effects of Tax Reform on the Demand for Owner-Occupied Housing : A Microsimulation Approach
- 1984
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The paper analyzes the effects on the demand for owner-occupied housing that are likely to result from the Swedish 1983-85 tax reform. This is done by means of a microsimulation model which takes into account the dichotomous nature of the demand for housing: the consumers choose the mode of tenure (owning versus renting) as well as the quantity of housing conditional on the choice of the mode of tenure. The tax reform consists of a general reduction of marginal tax rates (i.e. an increase in disposable income) together with limitations in the deductibility of mortgage interests. The simulations show that this will cause an increase in home-ownership in the sense that more households will demand owner-occupied housing. At the same time, however, the households will demand smaller houses in the average, and thus aggregate demand for small and medium-sized units will increase while demand for large units will fall sharply.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Capo, Eric, et al.
(author)
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Lake sedimentary dna research on past terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity: Overview and recommendations
- 2021
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In: Quaternary. - : MDPI. - 2571-550X. ; 4:1
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The use of lake sedimentary DNA to track the long-term changes in both terrestrial and aquatic biota is a rapidly advancing field in paleoecological research. Although largely applied nowadays, knowledge gaps remain in this field and there is therefore still research to be conducted to ensure the reliability of the sedimentary DNA signal. Building on the most recent literature and seven original case studies, we synthesize the state-of-the-art analytical procedures for effective sampling, extraction, amplification, quantification and/or generation of DNA inventories from sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) via high-throughput sequencing technologies. We provide recommendations based on current knowledge and best practises.
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| 35. |
- Carlsbecker, Annelie, et al.
(author)
-
Molecular control of normal and acrocona mutant seed cone development in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and the evolution of conifer ovule-bearing organs
- 2013
-
In: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 200:1, s. 261-275
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Reproductive organs in seed plants are morphologically divergent and their evolutionary history is often unclear. The mechanisms controlling their development have been extensively studied in angiosperms but are poorly understood in conifers and other gymnosperms. Here, we address the molecular control of seed cone development in Norway spruce, Picea abies. We present expression analyses of five novel MADS-box genes in comparison with previously identified MADS and LEAFY genes at distinct developmental stages. In addition, we have characterized the homeotic transformation from vegetative shoot to female cone and associated changes in regulatory gene expression patterns occurring in the acrocona mutant. The analyses identified genes active at the onset of ovuliferous and ovule development and identified expression patterns marking distinct domains of the ovuliferous scale. The reproductive transformation in acrocona involves the activation of all tested genes normally active in early cone development, except for an AGAMOUS-LIKE6/SEPALLATA (AGL6/SEP) homologue. This absence may be functionally associated with the nondeterminate development of the acrocona ovule-bearing scales. Our morphological and gene expression analyses give support to the hypothesis that the modern cone is a complex structure, and the ovuliferous scale the result of reductions and compactions of an ovule-bearing axillary short shoot in cones of Paleozoic conifers.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Carlsbecker, Annelie, et al.
(author)
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The MADS-box gene DAL1 is a potential mediator of the juvenile-to-adult transition in Norway spruce (Picea abies)
- 2004
-
In: The Plant Journal. ; 40:4, s. 546-557
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Progression through the plant life cycle involves changes in many essential features, most notably in the capacity to reproduce. The transition from juvenile vegetative and non-reproductive to an adult reproductive phase is gradual and can take many years; in the conifer Norway spruce, Picea abiea, typically 20-25 years. We present a detailed analysis of the activities of three regulatory genes with potential roles in the transition in Norway spruce: DAL1, a MADS-box gene related to the AGL6 group of genes from angiosperms, and the two LEAFY-related genes PaLFY and PaNLY. DAL1 activity is initiated in the shoots of juvenile trees at an age of 3-5 years, and then increases with age, whereas both LFY genes are active throughout the juvenile phase. The activity of DAL1 further shows a spatial pattern along the stem of the tree that parallels a similar gradient in physiolpoical and morphological features associated with maturation to the adult phase. Constitutive expression of DAL1 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants caused a dramatic attenuation of both juvenile and adult growth phases;flowers forming immediately after the embryogenic phase of development in severely affected plants. Taken together, our resulsts support the notion that DAL1 may have a regulatory role in the juvenile-to-adult transition in Norway spruce.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Clapham, Eric, et al.
(author)
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Revisiting the Past and Settling the Score:Index Revision for House Price Derivatives
- 2006
-
In: Real Estate Economics. - : Wiley. - 1080-8620 .- 1540-6229. ; 34:2, s. 275-302
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper examines index revision in measuring the prices for owner-occupied housing. We consider the context of equity insurance and the settlement of futures contracts. In addition to other desirable characteristics for aggregate price indexes, their usefulness in these contexts requires stability as they are revised. Methods that are subject to substantial or complex revision raise questions about the viability of derivatives markets. Of course, all indexes are subject to revision as the result of new information. Nevertheless, we find that the most-widely used house price indexes are not equally exposed to volatility in revision. Hedonic indexes appear to be substantially more stable than repeat-sales indexes and are less prone to substantial revision in the light of new information. Moreover, we find that the repeat-sales indexes are subject to systematic downward revision. We analyze alternative settlement procedures and contracts to mitigate the impact of revision associated with repeat sale indexes.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Cosedis Nielsen, Jens, et al.
(author)
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Radiofrequency Ablation as Initial Therapy in Paroxysm Atrial Fibrillation
- 2012
-
In: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 367:17, s. 1587-1595
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundThere are limited data comparing radiofrequency catheter ablation with antiarrhythmic drug therapy as first-line treatment in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.MethodsWe randomly assigned 294 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and no history of antiarrhythmic drug use to an initial treatment strategy of either radiofrequency catheter ablation (146 patients) or therapy with class IC or class III antiarrhythmic agents (148 patients). Follow-up included 7-day Holter-monitor recording at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Primary end points were the cumulative and per-visit burden of atrial fibrillation (i.e., percentage of time in atrial fibrillation on Holter-monitor recordings). Analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the ablation and drug-therapy groups in the cumulative burden of atrial fibrillation (90th percentile of arrhythmia burden, 13% and 19%, respectively; P=0.10) or the burden at 3, 6, 12, or 18 months. At 24 months, the burden of atrial fibrillation was significantly lower in the ablation group than in the drug-therapy group (90th percentile, 9% vs. 18%; P=0.007), and more patients in the ablation group were free from any atrial fibrillation (85% vs. 71%, P=0.004) and from symptomatic atrial fibrillation (93% vs. 84%, P=0.01). One death in the ablation group was due to a procedure-related stroke; there were three cases of cardiac tamponade in the ablation group. In the drug-therapy group, 54 patients (36%) underwent supplementary ablation.ConclusionsIn comparing radiofrequency ablation with antiarrhythmic drug therapy as first-line treatment in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, we found no significant difference between the treatment groups in the cumulative burden of atrial fibrillation over a period of 2 years.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Durkin, Rachael, et al.
(author)
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Anacrusis : Upbeat
- 2022
-
In: The Routledge Companion to Music and Modern Literature. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 9780367237240 - 9781032232874 - 9780367237288 ; , s. 1-3
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 45. |
- Durmo, Faris, et al.
(author)
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Assessment of Amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) MRI for pre-surgical prediction of final diagnosis in gliomas
- 2020
-
In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 15:12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: Radiological assessment of primary brain neoplasms, both high (HGG) and low grade tumors (LGG), based on contrast-enhancement alone can be inaccurate. We evaluated the radiological value of amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) MRI as an imaging complement for pre-surgical radiological diagnosis of brain tumors.METHODS: Twenty-six patients were evaluated prospectively; (22 males, 4 females, mean age 55 years, range 26-76 years) underwent MRI at 3T using T1-MPRAGE pre- and post-contrast administration, conventional T2w, FLAIR, and APTw imaging pre-surgically for suspected primary/secondary brain tumor. Assessment of the additional value of APTw imaging compared to conventional MRI for correct pre-surgical brain tumor diagnosis. The initial radiological pre-operative diagnosis was based on the conventional contrast-enhanced MR images. The range, minimum, maximum, and mean APTw signals were evaluated. Conventional normality testing was performed; with boxplots/outliers/skewness/kurtosis and a Shapiro-Wilk's test. Mann-Whitney U for analysis of significance for mean/max/min and range APTw signal. A logistic regression model was constructed for mean, max, range and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves calculated for individual and combined APTw signals.RESULTS: Conventional radiological diagnosis prior to surgery/biopsy was HGG (8 patients), LGG (12 patients), and metastasis (6 patients). Using the mean and maximum: APTw signal would have changed the pre-operative evaluation the diagnosis in 8 of 22 patients (two LGGs excluded, two METs excluded). Using a cut off value of >2.0% for mean APTw signal integral, 4 of the 12 radiologically suspected LGG would have been diagnosed as high grade glioma, which was confirmed by histopathological diagnosis. APTw mean of >2.0% and max >2.48% outperformed four separate clinical radiological assessments of tumor type, P-values = .004 and = .002, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Using APTw-images as part of the daily clinical pre-operative radiological evaluation may improve diagnostic precision in differentiating LGGs from HGGs, with potential improvement of patient management and treatment.
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| 46. |
- Edin, Per-Anders, et al.
(author)
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Avreglering och hushållens skulder
- 1995
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In: Bankerna under krisen. Fyra rapporter till Bankkriskommittén..
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Englund, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Metod- och kvalitetsbeskrivning för geografiskt fördelade emissioner till luft (submission 2022)
- 2022
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sverige rapporterar årligen nationella utsläpp till luft till UNFCCC (FN:s klimatkonvention) och CLRTAP (UNECE:s konvention om gränsöverskridande luftföroreningar), så kallade submissioner. SMED har sedan rapporteringsåret 2001 ansvaret att på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket ta fram allt dataunderlag och det mesta av tillhörande dokumentation för dessa rapporteringar. Förutom emissioner på nationell nivå finns även behov av data med högre geografisk upplösning. För regional uppföljning av miljömålen behövs emissioner på kommun- och länsnivå.Detta dokument utgör en metod- och kvalitetsbeskrivning av geografiskt fördelade emissioner för åren 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010 samt 2015-2020, rapporterade i submission 2022. Emissionerna presenteras i 54 olika sektorer uppdelade på nio huvudsektorer. Huvudsektorerna är El och fjärrvärme, Egen uppvärmning av bostäder och lokaler, Industri (energi och processer), Transporter, Arbetsmaskiner, Produktanvändning (inkl. lösningsmedel), Jordbruk, Avfall (inkl. avlopp) samt Utrikes transporter. De ämnen som ingår ges nedan. Notera att utsläpp av koldioxid enbart omfattar koldioxid med fossilt ursprung.Växthusgaser: CO2 (fossilt ursprung), CH4, N2O, HFC, PFC, SF6Metaller: Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Se, ZnPartiklar: PM2.5, PM10, TSP (Partiklar total), BC (sot)Övriga luftföroreningar: NOX, SOX, NH3, NMVOC, CO, dioxin, benso(a)pyren, PAH-4, HCB, PCBFör huvudsektorn Utrikes transporter fördelas eller redovisas inga växthusgaser geografiskt.Den geografiska fördelningen utförs huvudsakligen enligt konceptet ”topdown”. Detta innebär att emissioner bryts ner från en nationell totalemission för att uppnå en högre rumslig upplösning på lokal nivå. Nedbrytningen till högre rumslig upplösning kräver en geografisk begränsning av emissionerna och statistik på regional nivå.Metoden för geografisk fördelning tillåter för vissa utsläppskällor en hög rumslig upplösning (t.ex. för vägtrafik och industriprocesser). För flera sektorer är emellertid resultaten otillförlitliga om de ska studeras med högre upplösning än kommunnivå (i vissa fall även länsnivå). Resultaten från den geografiska fördelningen lagras i årsvisa emissionsdatabaser i SMHI:s tekniska system för luftvårdsarbete; Clair. Ur Clair exporteras emissionerna till Excel-tabeller på läns- och kommunnivå. Exempel på resultaten redovisas grafiskt på länsnivå och för huvudsektorer. Emissionerna presenteras även på karta, samt i diagram. Publicering av resultaten sker via SMHI:s datavärdskap hemsida: www.nationellaemissionsdatabasen.smhi.seFör att ta del av information om enskilda industrier/verksamheter så kan dessa hittas på http://utslappisiffror.naturvardsverket.se.Arbetet med geografisk fördelning av Sveriges utsläpp till luft är sedan 2007 ett årligt projekt. Projektet har ett långsiktigt perspektiv med målsättningen att stegvis förbättra kvaliteten på geografiskt upplösta emissionsdata. Resultaten för alla sektorer presenteras med samma geografiska upplösning även om kvaliteten varierar. På grund av detta krävs det att användare av dessa emissionsdata går igenom kvalitetsbeskrivningen och bedömer om osäkerheterna är acceptabla för den aktuella tillämpningen. Kvalitetsklassningen kan ge vägledning om de osäkerheter som finns på huvudsektornivå (en kvalitetsbeskrivning finns även i avsnitten i detta dokument för varje ingående undersektor). Genom retroaktiva omräkningar säkerställs att metodförändringar inte orsakar trendbrott. I vissa fall har dock tillgängliga grunddata (t.ex. statistik) förändrats, vilket kan leda till icke-reella trendbrott.
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| 49. |
- Englund, Daniel, et al.
(author)
-
Metod- och kvalitetsbeskrivning för geografiskt fördelade emissioner till luft (submission 2023)
- 2023
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sverige rapporterar årligen nationella utsläpp till luft till UNFCCC (FN:s klimatkonvention) och CLRTAP (UNECE:s konvention om gränsöverskridande luftföroreningar), så kallade submissioner. SMED har sedan rapporteringsåret 2001 ansvaret att på uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket ta fram allt dataunderlag och det mesta av tillhörande dokumentation för dessa rapporteringar. Förutom emissioner på nationell nivå finns även behov av data med högre geografisk upplösning. För regional uppföljning av miljömålen behövs emissioner på kommun- och länsnivå. Detta dokument utgör en metod- och kvalitetsbeskrivning av geografiskt fördelade emissioner för åren 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010 samt 2015-2021, rapporterade i submission 2023. Emissionerna presenteras i 54 olika sektorer uppdelade på nio huvudsektorer.Den geografiska fördelningen utförs huvudsakligen enligt konceptet ”top-down”. Detta innebär att emissioner bryts ner från en nationell totalemission för att uppnå en högre rumslig upplösning på lokal nivå. Nedbrytningen till högre rumslig upplösning kräver en geografisk begränsning av emissionerna och statistik på regional nivå.Metoden för geografisk fördelning tillåter för vissa utsläppskällor en hög rumslig upplösning (t.ex. för vägtrafik och industriprocesser). För flera sektorer är emellertid resultaten otillförlitliga om de ska studeras med högre upplösning än kommunnivå (i vissa fall även länsnivå). Resultaten från den geografiska fördelningen lagras i årsvisa emissionsdatabaser i SMHI:s tekniska system för luftvårdsarbete; Clair. Ur Clair exporteras emissionerna till Excel-tabeller på läns- och kommunnivå.Rapporten beskriver större förändringar som har skett i nationella totalemissioner samt större förändringar i fördelningsmetodik jämfört med föregående år.
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| 50. |
- Englund, Göran, et al.
(author)
-
Scale dependence of immigration rates : models, metrics and data.
- 2007
-
In: J Anim Ecol. - : Wiley. - 0021-8790 .- 1365-2656. ; 76:1, s. 30-5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- 1. We examine the relationship between immigration rate and patch area for different types of movement behaviours and detection modes. Theoretical models suggest that the scale dependence of the immigration rate per unit area (I/A) can be described by a power model I/A = i*Areaζ, where ζ describes the strength of the scale dependence.2. Three types of scaling were identified. Area scaling (ζ=0) is expected for passively dispersed organisms that have the same probability of landing anywhere in the patch. Perimeter scaling (−0·30>ζ>−0·45) is expected when patches are detected from a very short distance and immigrants arrive over the patch boundary, whereas diameter scaling (ζ=−0·5) is expected if patches are detected from a long distance or if search is approximately linear.3. A meta-analysis of published empirical studies of the scale dependence of immigration rates in terrestrial insects suggests that butterflies show diameter scaling, aphids show area scaling, and the scaling of beetle immigration is highly variable. We conclude that the scaling of immigration rates in many cases can be predicted from search behaviour and the mode of patch detection.
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