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1.	Albertsson, Eva, 1979, et al. (author) Marin fiskodling på den svenska västkusten: Biologiska förutsättningar : Rapport nummer 1 från Vattenbrukscentrum Väst, Göteborgs universitet 2013 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract I den av regeringen beställda utredningen ”Det växande Vattenbrukslandet” föreslås att ”Göteborgs universitet (GU) tillförs resurser för att fortsätta att utveckla vattenbruksrelaterad forskning när det gäller musslor, ostron och marina fiskarter”. Därför tog under 2011 företrädare inom den odlingsrelaterade fiskforskningen vid Gö- teborgs universitet initiativet till denna studie om förutsättningarna för marin fiskodling. Studien har syftet att utreda de odlingsbiologiska förutsättningarna för etablering av vattenbruk av marina fiskarter på den svenska västkusten. Målet är att den ska kunna användas som kunskapsunderlag för en framtida handlingsplan för fiskodling på västkusten, och främja kunskapsutbytet mellan den fiskodlingsrelaterade forskningen, beslutsfat- tande organ och privata entreprenörer för att utveckla konkurrenskraftiga innovationer inom vattenbruket. En central fråga för sammanhanget är vilka fiskarter det finns potential för att odla på den svenska västkusten. Vattenbruket måste vara ekonomiskt bärkraftigt och en urvalsmodell baserad på svenska marina fiskarters kg- pris i förhållande till en minsta tänkbara produktionskostnad användes därför i denna studie. Vidare bedöm- des arterna utifrån kunskapsläge och odlingspotential. Arterna hälleflundra, tunga, piggvar, havskatt (vanlig och fläckig) samt lyrtorsk och torsk bedömdes att vara ”kandidatarter” för framtida odling i Sverige. För dessa arter gjordes omfattande studier för att vidare utreda behov och möjligheter. Det gjordes även en analys av de abiotiska faktorerna (vattentemperatur, syrgas- och salthalt) på den svenska västkusten. I en sista del av studien kombinerades kunskapen om kandidatarternas biologiska förutsättningar med västkustens abiotiska faktorer. De abiotiska förhållandena på den svenska västkusten är inte odlingsbiologiskt optimala för traditionell nät- kasseodling för någon av de framtagna kandidatarterna, då för höga sommartemperaturer skapar problem för kallvattensarterna medan varmvattensarterna hämmas av de låga vintertemperaturerna. En av de huvudsak- liga slutsatserna i denna rapport är därför att året-runt-bedriven fiskodling i öppna system, såsom i kustnära nätkassar, knappast är praktiskt genomförbart på den svenska västkusten för de arter som i denna studie i övrigt ansågs ha hög odlingspotential. För etablering av framgångsrika odlingssystem behövs speciella tekniska lösningar, som möjliggör reglering av abiotiska faktorer såsom syrgashalter och temperatur. För att Sverige skall kunna bli ett växande vattenbruksland krävs samordnade insatser mellan forskare från flera discipliner, privata aktörer och andra intressenter. Dessutom krävs satsningar på forskning och utredning av de mera tekniskt avancerade odlingssystem som den svenska västkusten kommer behöva. Med tanke på miljöbelastningsproblematiken kring öppna havsbaserade system för fiskodling samt de abiotiska faktorerna längs västkusten som inte är optimala för någon av kandidatarterna i utredningen, så är slutsatsen att man bör undersöka, alternativa odlingssystem till traditionella öppna nätkassar för fiskodling, där man kan kontrollera faktorer som temperatur, salthalt och syrenivåer och minimera utsläppen. Nästa steg som föreslås är att göra en teknisk/ekonomisk utredning kring hållbara havs- eller landbaserade system för marin fiskodling. Utred- ningen bör innehålla fall-studier för en eller två fiskarter och ett kräftdjur och inkludera en myndighetspröv- ning för de framtagna koncepten. Ytterligare en förutsättning för att vattenbruket skall kunna utvecklas är satsningar på nödvändig infrastruktur, som ett marint kläckeri för forskning och utvecklingsarbete.
2.	Assander, Susanne, et al. (author) ASSIST : a reablement program for older adults in Sweden - a feasibility study 2022 In: BMC Geriatrics. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-2318 .- 1471-2318. ; 22:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background Western countries emphasise the provision of assistive home care by implementing reablement services. Reablement services are offered to a limited degree in Sweden, and systematic research regarding outcomes and how reablement can be tailored to maximize benefits for older adults has been lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a novel reablement program (ASSIST 1.0) regarding study design and outcome measures, as well as fidelity, adherence, and acceptability of the program in a Swedish context. Method A non-randomised, quasi-experimental, mixed-method, pre/post-test design was applied with an intervention group receiving ASSIST 1.0 (n = 7) and a control group receiving regular home care (n = 10). ASSIST 1.0 was developed to empower older adults to increase their perceived performance and satisfaction of performing activities in everyday life as well as increase their perceived health, self-efficacy, and well-being. ASSIST 1.0 was founded on the concept of reablement and included three components: i) goal setting with The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), ii) provided support to home care staff to enhance their provision of reablement, and iii) explored the incorporation and use of an information- and communication technology (ICT) to facilitate information transfer. Results Using COPM for goal setting with older adults and providing support to the staff via workshops were valuable components in the delivery of ASSIST 1.0. The ICT product encountered several challenges and could not be evaluated. COPM and EQ-5D were deemed the most important instruments. Organisational and political barriers affected the feasibility. Although, the fidelity and adherence were complied the staff perceived the program to be acceptable. Conclusion The ASSIST 1.0 program was feasible in regard of study design, delivering the intervention, and evaluating instruments that detected a change. A logical progression would be to conduct a full-scale trial. In addition, a usability study to evaluate the technological component is also recommended. With minor improvements, the ASSIST 1.0 program has the potential to contribute to the development of a home care organisation that could enhance older adults possibility to age in place at home.
3.	Baden, Susanne P., 1952, et al. (author) Accumulation and elimination kinetics of manganese from different tissues of the Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus (L.) 1999 In: Aquatic Toxicology. - 0166-445X. ; 46:2, s. 127-137 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The exposure of marine benthic animals to dissolved manganese (Mn) occurs from metalliferous outlets or the enhanced flux of dissolved manganese from sediments during hypoxia. A prerequisite to valid interpretation of manganese concentrations measured in animals in situ is a thorough understanding of accumulation and elimination rates of this metal by relevant target tissues in organisms exposed to environmentally realistic manganese concentrations. Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, accumulated manganese when exposed to solutions of < 0.06 (background), 5 and 10 mg Mn l(-1) for 20 days and was allowed to eliminate any accumulated manganese in undosed sea water for a further 20 days. During this period individual N. norvegicus were dissected into a number of components (brain, ventral ganglion, haemolymph, midgut gland, gills and exoskeleton) and the manganese concentration of each was analysed. Manganese accumulation reached a plateau after 1.25 days in all tissues except for midgut gland, which continued to accumulate manganese during the entire exposure period. In general, the manganese elimination was significantly slower than accumulation and reached a plateau after 1.25-2.5 days (except the gills) following exposure to clean sea water. The accumulation factor (AF), when compared to maximum concentrations in control and exposed animals, was highest in the haemolymph (x 88) followed by nerve tissue (x 22) at the 10 mg Mn l(-1) exposure. The concentration factor (CF), when comparing manganese accumulation in tissues (wet weight) with exposure concentration, was 1.2-3.5 and for most tissues was similar for both exposure concentrations or slightly higher in the 5 mg Mn l(-1) exposure-indicating net accumulation of manganese in all tissues with a saturation effect with increasing exposure concentrations. Thus, from these experiments it may be concluded that measured manganese concentrations in N. norvegicus give an indication of recent exposure to manganese concentrations in the bottom waters of their habitats. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
4.	Baden, Susanne P., 1952, et al. (author) Role, routes and effects of manganese in Crustaceans 2006 In: OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE BIOLOGY - AN ANNUAL REVIEW, VOL 44. - 0078-3218. ; 44, s. 61-83 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
5.	Baden, Susanne P., 1952, et al. (author) Uptake, accumulation and regulation of manganese during experimental hypoxia and normoxia by the decapod Nephrops norvegicus (L.) 1995 In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. ; 31, s. 93-102 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
6.	Bejerot, Susanne, 1955-, et al. (author) The extreme male brain revisited: gender coherence in adults with autism spectrum disorder 2012 In: British Journal of Psychiatry. - London, United Kingdom : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0007-1250 .- 1472-1465. ; 201:2, s. 116-123 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background The 'extreme male brain' theory suggests that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an extreme variant of male intelligence. However, somewhat paradoxically, many individuals with ASD display androgynous physical features regardless of gender. Aims To assess physical measures, supposedly related to androgen influence, in adults with and without ASD. Method Serum hormone levels, anthropometry, the ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length (2D:4D) and psychiatric symptomatology were measured in 50 adults with high-functioning ASD and age- and gender-matched neurotypical controls. Photographs of face and body, as well as voice recordings, were obtained and assessed with respect to gender coherence, blindly and independently, by eight assessors. Results Women with ASD had higher total and bioactive testosterone levels, less feminine facial features and a larger head circumference than female controls. Men in the ASD group were assessed as having less masculine body characteristics and voice quality, and displayed higher (i.e. less masculine) 2D:4D ratios, but similar testosterone levels to controls. Androgynous facial features correlated strongly and positively with autistic traits measured with the Autism-Spectrum Quotient in the total sample. In males and females with ASD dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate did not decrease with age, in contrast to the control group. Conclusions Women with ASD had elevated testosterone levels and several masculinised characteristics compared with controls, whereas men with ASD displayed several feminised characteristics. Our findings suggest that ASD, rather than being characterised by masculinisation in both genders, may constitute a gender defiant disorder.
7.	Berger, Susanne, et al. (author) WASP and SCAR have distinct roles in activating the Arp2/3 complex during myoblast fusion 2008 In: Journal of Cell Science. - : The Company of Biologists. - 0021-9533 .- 1477-9137. ; 121:Pt 8, s. 1303-1313 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Myoblast fusion takes place in two steps in mammals and in Drosophila. First, founder cells (FCs) and fusion-competent myoblasts (FCMs) fuse to form a trinucleated precursor, which then recruits further FCMs. This process depends on the formation of the fusion-restricted myogenic-adhesive structure (FuRMAS), which contains filamentous actin (F-actin) plugs at the sites of cell contact. Fusion relies on the HEM2 (NAP1) homolog Kette, as well as Blow and WASP, a member of the Wiskott-Aldrich-syndrome protein family. Here, we show the identification and characterization of schwächling--a new Arp3-null allele. Ultrastructural analyses demonstrate that Arp3 schwächling mutants can form a fusion pore, but fail to integrate the fusing FCM. Double-mutant experiments revealed that fusion is blocked completely in Arp3 and wasp double mutants, suggesting the involvement of a further F-actin regulator. Indeed, double-mutant analyses with scar/WAVE and with the WASP-interacting partner vrp1 (sltr, wip)/WIP show that the F-actin regulator scar also controls F-actin formation during myoblast fusion. Furthermore, the synergistic phenotype observed in Arp3 wasp and in scar vrp1 double mutants suggests that WASP and SCAR have distinct roles in controlling F-actin formation. From these findings we derived a new model for actin regulation during myoblast fusion.
8.	Eriksson, Christina, et al. (author) Occupational therapists' perceptions of implementing a client-centered intervention in close collaboration with researchers : A mixed methods study 2020 In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 27:2, s. 142-153 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Integration of research-based knowledge in health care is challenging. Occupational therapists (OTs) need to implement new research-based interventions in clinical practice. Therefore it is crucial to recognize and understand the factors of specific barriers and facilitators affecting the implementation process. Aim: To identify the key factors important for OTs during the implementation process of a complex intervention.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study with a combination of qualitative and quantitative data in a mixed method design. Forty-one OTs and 23 managers from three county councils in Sweden, responded to a questionnaire one year after the OTs participation in a workshop to prepare for implementation of a client-centered activity of daily living intervention for persons with stroke.Results: Over 70% of the OTs benefitted from reading and discussing articles in the workshop; 60% had faith in the intervention; 69% reported usability of the intervention. High level of support from managers was reported, but less from team members. The therapists' interaction, perceptions of own efforts and contextual influence affected the implementation process.Conclusion: The workshop context with facilitation and access to evidence, supportive organizations and teams, sufficient interaction with researchers and satisfying self-image were successful key factors when involved in research.
9.	Eriksson, Jonna Maria, et al. (author) Effect of co-twin gender on neurodevelopmental symptoms : a twin register study 2016 In: Molecular Autism. - Stockholm : BioMed Central. - 2040-2392. ; 7 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders thought to have both genetic and environmental causes. It has been hypothesized that exposure to elevated levels of prenatal testosterone is associated with elevated traits of ASD and ADHD. Assuming that testosterone levels from a dizygotic male twin fetus may lead to enhanced testosterone exposure of its co-twins, we aimed to test the prenatal testosterone hypothesis by comparing same-sex with opposite-sex dizygotic twins with respect to neurodevelopmental symptoms.Methods: Neuropsychiatric traits were assessed in a population-based twin cohort from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS). Parental interviews were conducted for 16,312 dizygotic twins, 9 and 12 years old, with the Autism-Tics, ADHD, and other Comorbidities inventory (A-TAC).Results: Girls with a female co-twin had an increased risk of reaching the cut-off score for ADHD compared with girls with a male co-twin. Both boys and girls with a female co-twin displayed a larger number of traits related to attention deficit and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors than those with a male twin. In girls, this also extended to social interaction and the combined measures for ASD and ADHD, however, with small effect sizes.Conclusions: Our results are reverse to what would have been expected from the prenatal testosterone hypothesis but consistent with a previous study of ASD and ADHD traits in dizygotic twins. The seemingly protective effect for girls of having a twin brother may be an effect of parent report bias, but may also be an unexpected effect of sharing the intrauterine environment with a male co-twin.
10.	Eriksson, Susanne P., 1964, et al. (author) Behaviour and tolerance to hypoxia in juvenile Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) of different ages 1997 In: Marine Biology. - 0025-3162. ; 128:1, s. 49-54 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The annual occurrence of hypoxia (<25% oxygen saturation) in the bottom waters along the Swedish west coast coincides with the postlarval settlement of Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus (L.). This study investigates behaviour and the experimental effects of low oxygen concentrations in juvenile N. norvegicus of different ages. All experimental individuals were reared to the juvenile (postlarval) stage in the laboratory and then given sediment as a substratum. Behavioural responses to low oxygen concentrations were tested in early and late Postlarvae 1 exposed to normoxia (>80% oxygen saturation, pO(2) > 16.7 kPa), moderate hypoxia (30% oxygen saturation, pO(2) = 6.3 kPa) and hypoxia (25% oxygen saturation, pO(2) = 5.2 kPa). The experiments were run for a maximum period of 24 h or until individuals died. Behaviour was studied using sequential video recordings of four behavioural activities: digging, walking, inactivity or flight (escape swimming up into the water column). Behaviour and mortality changed with lowered oxygen concentrations; energetically costly activities (such as walking) were reduced, and activity in general declined. In normoxia, juveniles initially walked and then burrowed, but when exposed to hypoxia they were mainly inactive with occasional outbursts of escape swimming. To increase oxygen availability the juveniles were observed to raise their bodies on stilted legs (similar to adults in hypoxic conditions), but oxygen saturations of 25% were lethal within 24 h. The results suggest that the main gas exchanges of early postlarval stages occur over the general body surface. Burrowing behaviour was tested in Postlarvae 1 and 2 of different ages held in >80% oxygen saturation for 1 wk. The difference in time taken to complete a V-shaped depression or a U-shaped burrow was measured. The results showed a strong negative relationship between postlarval age and burrowing time, but all individuals made a burrow. Juveniles were more sensitive to hypoxia than adults. Thus, the possible consequences of episodic hypoxia for the recruitment of Nephrops norvegicus and for the recolonization of severely affected areas are discussed.
11.	Eriksson, Susanne P., 1964, et al. (author) Manganese in the haemolymph and tissues of the Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus (L.), along the Swedish west coast, 1993-1995 1998 In: Hydrobiologia. - 0018-8158. ; 376, s. 255-264 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Spatial and temporal differences in manganese levels in Norway lobsters, Nephrops norvegicus, were compared with the concentrations of manganese in their environment. Animals were collected twice yearly (spring and autumn) from seven stations along the Swedish west coast and from one site in the Faroe Islands, during 1993-94, and analysed for manganese tissue concentration and content. Animals were also collected from the Swedish stations in the autumn of 1995 and compared with animals from a stressful environment, frequently exposed to hypoxia. There were large spatial differences and the animals collected in the Faroe Islands contained (in most tissues) one order of magnitude less manganese than the animals collected along the Swedish west coast. The manganese level of the haemolymph correlated most closely with the manganese concentration the animal was exposed to in the field. The manganese concentration of the female gonad tissue did however not differ with space nor time and remained stable around 5.1 mu g Mn g(-1) dw tissue throughout the investigation. Animals taken from an area with known repeated hypoxia in the bottom water, had high levels of manganese in especially the gills. Their mean manganese concentration was over 20 times higher (1560 mu g Mn g(-1) dw tissue) than the manganese concentration in animals from the other Swedish stations. They also had more than threefold the amount of manganese in the brain, giving a mean concentration of 193 mu g Mn g(-1) dw tissue.
12.	Eriksson, Susanne P., et al. (author) Stress biology and immunology in Nephrops norvegicus 2013 In: The ecology and biology of <em>Nephrops norvegicus</em>. - Amsterdam : Academic Press. - 9780124104662 ; , s. 149-200 Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract The Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus lives at low-light depths, in muddy substrata of high organic content where water salinities are high and fluctuations in temperature are moderate. In this environment, the lobsters are naturally exposed to a number of potential stressors, many of them as a result of the surficial breakdown of organic material in the sediment. This process (early diagenesis) creates a heterogeneous environment with temporal and spatial fluctuations in a number of compounds such as oxygen, ammonia, metals, and hydrogen sulphide. In addition to this, there are anthropogenically generated stressors, such as human-induced climate change (resulting in elevated temperature and ocean acidification), pollution and fishing. The lobsters are thus exposed to several stressors, which are strongly linked to the habitat in which the animals live. Here, the capacity of Nephrops to deal with these stressors is summarised. Eutrophication-induced hypoxia and subsequent metal remobilisation from the sediment is a well-documented effect found in some wild Nephrops populations. Compared to many other crustacean species, Nephrops is well adapted to tolerate periods of hypoxia, but prolonged or severe hypoxia, beyond their tolerance level, is common in some areas. When the oxygen concentration in the environment decreases, the bioavailability of redox-sensitive metals such as manganese increases. Manganese is an essential metal, which, taken up in excess, has a toxic effect on several internal systems such as chemosensitivity, nerve transmission and immune defence. Since sediment contains high concentrations of metals in comparison to sea water, lobsters may accumulate both essential and non-essential metals. Different metals have different target tissues, though the hepatopancreas, in general, accumulates high concentrations of most metals. The future scenario of increasing anthropogenic influences on Nephrops habitats may have adverse effects on the fitness of the animals.
13.	Eriksson, Susanne P., 1964, et al. (author) Stress Biology and Immunology in Nephrops norvegicus 2013 In: Advances in Marine Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0065-2881. ; 64, s. 149-200 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus lives at low-light depths, in muddy substrata of high organic content where water salinities are high and fluctuations in temperature are moderate. In this environment, the lobsters are naturally exposed to a number of potential stressors, many of them as a result of the surficial breakdown of organic material in the sediment. This process (early diagenesis) creates a heterogeneous environment with temporal and spatial fluctuations in a number of compounds such as oxygen, ammonia, metals, and hydrogen sulphide. In addition to this, there are anthropogenically generated stressors, such as human-induced climate change (resulting in elevated temperature and ocean acidification), pollution and fishing. The lobsters are thus exposed to several stressors, which are strongly linked to the habitat in which the animals live. Here, the capacity of Nephrops to deal with these stressors is summarised. Eutrophication-induced hypoxia and subsequent metal remobilisation from the sediment is a well-documented effect found in some wild Nephrops populations. Compared to many other crustacean species, Nephrops is well adapted to tolerate periods of hypoxia, but prolonged or severe hypoxia, beyond their tolerance level, is common in some areas. When the oxygen concentration in the environment decreases, the bioavailability of redox-sensitive metals such as manganese increases. Manganese is an essential metal, which, taken up in excess, has a toxic effect on several internal systems such as chemosensitivity, nerve transmission and immune defence. Since sediment contains high concentrations of metals in comparison to sea water, lobsters may accumulate both essential and non-essential metals. Different metals have different target tissues, though the hepatopancreas, in general, accumulates high concentrations of most metals. The future scenario of increasing anthropogenic influences on Nephrops habitats may have adverse effects on the fitness of the animals.
14.	Eriksson, Susanne P., et al. (author) Stress biology and immunology in Nephrops norvegicus 2013 In: The ecology and biology of Nephrops norvegicus. - Amsterdam : Academic Press. ; , s. 149-200 Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract The Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus lives at low-light depths, in muddy substrata of high organic content where water salinities are high and fluctuations in temperature are moderate. In this environment, the lobsters are naturally exposed to a number of potential stressors, many of them as a result of the surficial breakdown of organic material in the sediment. This process (early diagenesis) creates a heterogeneous environment with temporal and spatial fluctuations in a number of compounds such as oxygen, ammonia, metals, and hydrogen sulphide. In addition to this, there are anthropogenically generated stressors, such as human-induced climate change (resulting in elevated temperature and ocean acidification), pollution and fishing. The lobsters are thus exposed to several stressors, which are strongly linked to the habitat in which the animals live. Here, the capacity of Nephrops to deal with these stressors is summarised. Eutrophication-induced hypoxia and subsequent metal remobilisation from the sediment is a well-documented effect found in some wild Nephrops populations. Compared to many other crustacean species, Nephrops is well adapted to tolerate periods of hypoxia, but prolonged or severe hypoxia, beyond their tolerance level, is common in some areas. When the oxygen concentration in the environment decreases, the bioavailability of redox-sensitive metals such as manganese increases. Manganese is an essential metal, which, taken up in excess, has a toxic effect on several internal systems such as chemosensitivity, nerve transmission and immune defence. Since sediment contains high concentrations of metals in comparison to sea water, lobsters may accumulate both essential and non-essential metals. Different metals have different target tissues, though the hepatopancreas, in general, accumulates high concentrations of most metals. The future scenario of increasing anthropogenic influences on Nephrops habitats may have adverse effects on the fitness of the animals.
15.	Förlin, Lars, 1950, et al. (author) Effects of contaminants in Roundnose grenadier (Coryphaenoides rupestris) and Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) and contaminant levels in mussels (Mytilus edulis) in the Skagerrak and Kattegat compared to the Faroe Islands. 1996 In: Journal of Sea Research. - 1385-1101. ; 35, s. 209-222 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
16.	Locke, Adam E, et al. (author) Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology. 2015 In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
17.	Nilsson Sköld, Helen, et al. (author) Motoric impairment following manganese exposure in asteroid echinoderms 2015 In: Aquatic Toxicology. - 0166-445X .- 1879-1514. ; 167, s. 31-37 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In the oceans, naturally occurring manganese (Mn) is released from the sediments during events of hypoxia. While neuro- and immuno-toxic effects of bioavailable manganese are well documented for crustaceans, studies of similar effects of manganese on other marine invertebrates are comparatively few. Here, we developed a new functional test "the repeated turning assay" to investigate if manganese exposure at ∼12mgL(-1) affected motoric behaviour of two asteroid echinoderms, the Common sea star, Asterias rubens, and the Black brittle star, Ophiocomina nigra. By measuring of the turning-over capacity, from dorsal to ventral position, after one and two weeks of manganese exposure, we showed that for both species Mn exposure significantly delayed the ability to turn. After a recovery period of two weeks, the capacity of turning-over was not restored to that of unexposed animals neither for A. rubens nor for O. nigra. Further investigation of sea stars showed that Mn accumulated ∼5 fold in the tube feet, organs involved in their turning-over activity, and the high concentration remained after the recovery period. In the tube feet we also recorded an increased activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), here used as a proxy for neuromuscular disturbances. The results indicated that Mn induces neuromuscular disturbance in echinoderms which is important news, given that previous studies have concluded that adult echinoderms are relatively tolerant to Mn.
18.	Nilsson Sköld, Helen, 1970, et al. (author) Motoric impairment following manganese exposure in asteroide chinoderms 2015 In: Aquatic Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-445X .- 1879-1514. ; 167, s. 31-37 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In the oceans, naturally occurring manganese (Mn) is released from the sediments during events of hypoxia. While neuro- and immuno-toxic effects of bioavailable manganese are well documented for crustaceans, studies of similar effects of manganese on other marine invertebrates are comparatively few. Here, we developed a new functional test “the repeated turning assay” to investigate if manganese exposure at ∼12 mg L−1 affected motoric behaviour of two asteroid echinoderms, the Common sea star, Asterias rubens, and the Black brittle star, Ophiocomina nigra. By measuring of the turning-over capacity, from dorsal to ventral position, after one and two weeks of manganese exposure, we showed that for both species Mn exposure significantly delayed the ability to turn. After a recovery period of two weeks, the capacity of turning-over was not restored to that of unexposed animals neither for A. rubens nor for O. nigra. Further investigation of sea stars showed that Mn accumulated ∼5 fold in the tube feet, organs involved in their turning-over activity, and the high concentration remained after the recovery period. In the tube feet we also recorded an increased activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), here used as a proxy for neuromuscular disturbances. The results indicated that Mn induces neuromuscular disturbance in echinoderms which is important news, given that previous studies have concluded that adult echinoderms are relatively tolerant to Mn.
19.	Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al. (author) Risk factors for subarachnoid haemorrhage : a nationwide cohort of 950 000 adults 2019 In: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 48:6, s. 2018-2025 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease, with high mortality rate and substantial disability among survivors. Its causes are poorly understood. We aimed to investigate risk factors for SAH using a novel nationwide cohort consortium.METHODS: We obtained individual participant data of 949 683 persons (330 334 women) between 25 and 90 years old, with no history of SAH at baseline, from 21 population-based cohorts. Outcomes were obtained from the Swedish Patient and Causes of Death Registries.RESULTS: During 13 704 959 person-years of follow-up, 2659 cases of first-ever fatal or non-fatal SAH occurred, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 9.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) (7.4-10.6)/100 000 person-years] in men and 13.8 [(11.4-16.2)/100 000 person-years] in women. The incidence rate increased exponentially with higher age. In multivariable-adjusted Poisson models, marked sex interactions for current smoking and body mass index (BMI) were observed. Current smoking conferred a rate ratio (RR) of 2.24 (95% CI 1.95-2.57) in women and 1.62 (1.47-1.79) in men. One standard deviation higher BMI was associated with an RR of 0.86 (0.81-0.92) in women and 1.02 (0.96-1.08) in men. Higher blood pressure and lower education level were also associated with higher risk of SAH.CONCLUSIONS: The risk of SAH is 45% higher in women than in men, with substantial sex differences in risk factor strengths. In particular, a markedly stronger adverse effect of smoking in women may motivate targeted public health initiatives.
20.	Tillfors, Maria, 1963-, et al. (author) Treating university students with social phobia and public speaking fears : Internet delivered self-help with or without live group exposure sessions 2008 In: Depression and anxiety (Print). - : Hindawi Limited. - 1091-4269 .- 1520-6394. ; 25:8, s. 708-717 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BACKGROUND: This study investigated the efficacy of an Internet-based self-help program with minimal therapist contact via e-mail for Swedish university students with social phobia and public speaking fears. The main objective was to test if the Internet-based self-help program would be more effective if five live group exposure sessions were added. METHODS: Thirty-eight students meeting the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition criteria for social phobia were randomized into two different treatment groups: Internet delivered cognitive behavior therapy combined with five group exposure sessions (ICBT+ exp) or the Internet program alone (ICBT). RESULTS: Results were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. Both treatment groups showed significant improvement from pre- to post-test, and from pre-test to 1-year follow-up, on all measured dimensions (social anxiety, general anxiety, depression levels, and quality of life). For both the groups, the average within-group effect sizes for the primary social anxiety scales, expressed as Cohen's d, were comparable to those seen in traditionally administered cognitive behavioral therapy both at post-test and at 1- year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the Internet-based self-help program on its own is efficient in the treatment of university students with social phobia. Adding group exposure sessions did not improve the outcome significantly.
21.	Ungfors, Anette, 1974, et al. (author) Marin fiskodling på den svenska västkusten: Tekniska lösningar 2015 Reports (other academic/artistic)
22.	Ablondi, Michela, et al. (author) Performance of Swedish Warmblood fragile foal syndrome carriers and breeding prospects 2022 In: Genetics Selection Evolution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0999-193X .- 1297-9686. ; 54 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background Warmblood fragile foal syndrome (WFFS) is a monogenetic defect caused by a recessive lethal missense point mutation in the procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 gene (PLOD1, c.2032G>A). The majority of homozygous WFFS horses are aborted during gestation. Clinical signs of affected horses include fragile skin, skin and mucosa lacerations, hyperextension of the articulations, and hematomas. In spite of its harmful effect, a relatively high frequency of WFFS carriers has been found in Warmblood horses, suggesting a heterozygote advantage. Thus, in this study our aims were to: (1) estimate the frequency of WFFS carriers in the Swedish Warmblood breed (SWB), (2) estimate the effect of WFFS carrier genotype on performance traits in two SWB subpopulations bred for different disciplines, and (3) simulate the potential effects of balancing selection and different selection strategies on the frequency of carriers. Methods In total, 2288 SWB sport horses born between 1971 and 2020 were tested for the WFFS mutation and had estimated breeding values (EBV) for ten traditional evaluating and 50 linear descriptive traits. Results The frequency of WFFS carriers calculated from a pool of 511 randomly selected SWB horses born in 2017 was equal to 7.4% and ranged from 0.0 to 12.0% among the whole set of tested SWB horses, starting from 1971 till 2020. The effect of the WFFS carrier genotype was significant for several EBV mainly related to movements and dressage traits and especially for horses not bred for the show jumping discipline. Using simulation, we showed that balancing selection can maintain a recessive lethal allele in populations such as the SWB breed over generations and that the frequency is expected to slowly decrease in absence of balancing selection. Finally, we showed that selection against carrier sires can result in a more rapid decrease of the frequency of the mutant allele over time. Conclusion Further research is needed to confirm the apparent association between equine performance and the WFFS carrier genotype. Identification of such associations or new causative mutations for horse performance traits can serve as new tools in horse breeding to select for healthy, sustainable, and better performing horses.
23.	Ablondi, Michela, et al. (author) Pushing the use of genomics in horse breeding one step further 2018 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
24.	Ablondi, Michela, et al. (author) ROH as hint of selection in the genome of a modern sport horse breed 2018 In: Annual meeting of the European Association for Animal Production. - 1382-6077. ; , s. 662-662 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
25.	Ablondi, Michela, et al. (author) Signatures of selection in the genome of a modern equestrian sport horse breed 2018 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
26.	Ablondi, Michela, et al. (author) Signatures of selection in the genome of Swedish warmblood horses selected for sport performance 2019 In: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 20 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background A growing demand for improved physical skills and mental attitude in modern sport horses has led to strong selection for performance in many warmblood studbooks. The aim of this study was to detect genomic regions with low diversity, and therefore potentially under selection, in Swedish Warmblood horses (SWB) by analysing high-density SNP data. To investigate if such signatures could be the result of selection for equestrian sport performance, we compared our SWB SNP data with those from Exmoor ponies, a horse breed not selected for sport performance traits. Results The genomic scan for homozygous regions identified long runs of homozygosity (ROH) shared by more than 85% of the genotyped SWB individuals. Such ROH were located on ECA4, ECA6, ECA7, ECA10 and ECA17. Long ROH were instead distributed evenly across the genome of Exmoor ponies in 77% of the chromosomes. Two population differentiation tests (F-ST and XP-EHH) revealed signatures of selection on ECA1, ECA4, and ECA6 in SWB horses. Conclusions Genes related to behaviour, physical abilities and fertility, appear to be targets of selection in the SWB breed. This study provides a genome-wide map of selection signatures in SWB horses, and ground for further functional studies to unravel the biological mechanisms behind complex traits in horses.
27.	Adermark, Louise, 1974, et al. (author) Region-specific depression of striatal activity in Wistar rat by modest ethanol consumption over a ten-month period 2013 In: Alcohol. - : Elsevier BV. - 0741-8329. ; 47:4, s. 289-298 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The nucleus accumbens (nAc) is the primary target for the mesolimbic dopamine system and a key brain region for the reinforcing effects displayed by drugs of abuse, including ethanol. During the. transition from recreational to compulsive consumption of reinforcing drugs, however, the dorsal striatum seems to be recruited. Understanding how synaptic activity is altered in a sub-region specific manner in the striatum during the course of long-term drug consumption thus could be essential for understanding the long-lasting changes produced by addictive substances, including ethanol. Here we evaluated synaptic activity in the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) and ventral Striatum (nucleus accumbens, nAc) of single-housed Wistar rats consuming water, or water and ethanol, for up to 10 months. Even though ethanol intake was moderate, it was sufficient to decrease input/output function in response to stimulation intensity in the DLS, while recorded population spike (PS) amplitudes in the nAc were unaffected. Striatal disinhibition induced by the GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuculline had a slower onset in rats that had consumed ethanol for 2 months, and was significantly depressed in slices from rats that had Consumed ethanol for 4 months. Bicuculline-induced disinhibition in the nAc, on the other hand, was not significantly altered by long-term ethanol intake. Changes in PS amplitude induced by taurine or the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine were not significantly altered by ethanol in any brain region. Even though input/output function was not significantly affected by age, there was a significant decline in antagonist-induced disinhibition in brain slices from aged rats. The data presented here suggest that even modest consumption of ethanol is sufficient to alter neurotransmission in the striatum, while synaptic activity appears to be relatively well-preserved in the nAc during the course of long-term ethanol consumption. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
28.	Ahmed, Fozia, et al. (author) ESR2 expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue is related to body fat distribution in women, and knockdown impairs preadipocyte differentiation 2022 In: Adipocyte. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2162-3945 .- 2162-397X. ; 11:1, s. 434-447 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Oestrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) expression has been shown to be higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from postmenopausal compared to premenopausal women. The functional significance of altered ESR2 expression is not fully known. This study investigates the role of ESR2 for adipose tissue lipid and glucose metabolism. SAT biopsies were obtained from 44 female subjects with or without T2D. Gene expression of ESR2 and markers of adipose function and metabolism was assessed. ESR2 knockdown was performed using CRISPR/Cas9 in preadipocytes isolated from SAT of females, and differentiation rate, lipid storage, and glucose uptake were measured. ESR2 expression was inversely correlated with measures of central obesity and expression of some fatty acid oxidation markers, and positively correlated with lipid storage and glucose transport markers. Differentiation was reduced in ESR2 knockdown preadipocytes. This corresponded to reduced expression of markers of differentiation and lipogenesis. Glucose uptake was reduced in knockdown adipocytes. Our results indicate that ESR2 deficiency in women is associated with visceral adiposity and impaired subcutaneous adipocyte differentiation as well as glucose and lipid utilization. High ESR2 expression, as seen after menopause, could be a contributing factor to SAT expansion. This may support a possible target to promote a healthy obesity phenotype.
29.	Ahmed, Fozia (author) Estrogen and its receptors in adipose tissue from women and men : Associations with age, adiposity and type 2 diabetes 2024 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract Obesity and its complications, such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), are leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Adipose tissue is important for whole-body homeostasis, functioning as an energy storage reservoir and an endocrine organ. Estrogens mediate their effects through estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) and beta (ESR2) and contribute to sex and menopause-related differences in body fat distribution. Moreover, estrogens can be produced from androgens in the adipose tissue by the enzyme aromatase. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of estrogen and estrogen signalling in human adipose tissue and their association with age, adiposity, and insulin resistance. In Paper I, we assessed ESR1 and ESR2 gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from pre- and postmenopausal women, and investigated the effects of estradiol on adipocyte glucose uptake. We found that ESR2 gene expression was higher in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women. Moreover, in late, but not pre- or early postmenopausal women, estradiol incubation reduced basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, which corresponded to an increase in ESR2 gene expression levels. The inhibiting effect of estradiol on adipocyte glucose uptake was prevented using an ESR2 antagonist. Subsequently, in Paper II we assessed the role of ESR2 in SAT lipid and glucose metabolism and preadipocyte differentiation. ESR2 expression in SAT was inversely correlated with markers of central adiposity and positively correlated with markers of lipid accumulation. Moreover, ESR2 knockdown impaired subcutaneous preadipocyte differentiation and glucose utilization. In Paper III, we focused on adipocyte lipolysis in women, which is regulated, in part, by catecholamines. OCT3, which mediates catecholamine transport into adipocytes, where they can be degraded, was increased in SAT with age, and higher in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women. Moreover, its expression was negatively associated with markers of insulin resistance and ex vivo lipolysis. Estradiol incubation of SAT downregulated OCT3 gene expression, which may explain lower OCT3 gene expression in premenopausal compared to postmenopausal women. In Paper IV, we focused on the role of aromatase and estradiol in SAT from men. We found that aromatase expression was higher in SAT from men with obesity and T2D compared to subjects without obesity and T2D, respectively, and was positively associated with markers of central obesity and markers of insulin resistance. Contrastingly, ESR1 expression in SAT was lower in men with obesity and T2D compared to subjects without obesity and T2D, respectively, and negatively associated with markers of obesity and insulin resistance. ESR2 expression was higher in SAT from men with T2D compared to men without T2D. Estradiol reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, however, neither testosterone, nor aromatase inhibition, altered adipocyte glucose uptake. In this thesis, we found that estrogen has important metabolic effects in adipose tissue, including regulating lipid accumulation, glucose uptake capacity, and catecholamine transport. Overall, our findings suggest that estrogen and estrogen receptors may have an important role in age-, menopausal- and sex-dependent differences in body fat distribution, and may serve as potential targets for the prevention and treatment obesity and insulin resistance.
30.	Ahmed, Fozia, et al. (author) Increased aromatase expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue from men with obesity and type 2 diabetes : a link between estrogen signalling and insulin resistance Other publication (other academic/artistic)
31.	Ahmed, Fozia, et al. (author) Increased OCT3 Expression in Adipose Tissue With Aging : Implications for Catecholamine and Lipid Turnover and Insulin Resistance in Women 2023 In: Endocrinology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 165:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background Catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis is reduced with aging, which may promote adiposity and insulin resistance. Organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3), which is inhibited by estradiol (E2), mediates catecholamine transport into adipocytes for degradation, thus decreasing lipolysis. In this study, we investigated the association of OCT3 mRNA levels in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with aging and markers of insulin resistance in women.Methods SAT biopsies were obtained from 66 women with (19) or without (47) type 2 diabetes (age 22-76 years, 20.0-40.1 kg/m2). OCT3 mRNA and protein levels were measured for group comparisons and correlation analysis. SAT was incubated with E2 and OCT3 mRNA levels were measured. Associations between OCT3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and diabetes-associated traits were assessed.Results OCT3 mRNA and protein levels in SAT increased with aging. SAT from postmenopausal women had higher levels of OCT3 than premenopausal women, and there was a dose-dependent reduction in OCT3 mRNA levels in SAT treated with E2. OCT3 mRNA levels were negatively associated with markers of insulin resistance, and ex vivo lipolysis. OCT3 SNPs were associated with BMI, waist to hip ratio, and circulating lipids (eg, triglycerides).Conclusion OCT3 mRNA and protein levels in SAT increased with aging, and mRNA levels were negatively associated with markers of insulin resistance. E2 incubation downregulated OCT3 mRNA levels, which may explain lower OCT3 mRNA in premenopausal vs postmenopausal women. High OCT3 protein levels in adipose tissue may result in increased catecholamine degradation, and this can contribute to the reduction in lipolysis observed in women with aging.
32.	Ahmed, Fozia, et al. (author) Role of Estrogen and Its Receptors in Adipose Tissue Glucose Metabolism in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women 2022 In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : ENDOCRINE SOC. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 107:5, s. E1879-E1889 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Context: Reduced estrogen levels in postmenopausal women predispose them to metabolic side effects, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes; however, the cellular mechanisms are not well understood.Objective: This work aimed to study the expression of estrogen receptors in adipose tissue from pre- and postmenopausal women and the effects of estradiol (E2) on glucose uptake of adipocytes.Methods: Subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) obtained from pre- and postmenopausal women (19-51 and 46-75 years old, respectively) were used to measure gene expression of ESR1 and ESR2. SAT tissue was incubated with E2, and glucose uptake and estrogen receptor levels were measured. Polymorphisms in ESR1 and ESR2 were addressed in public databases to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with metabolic traits.Results: ESR2 expression was lower in pre- vs postmenopausal women, corresponding to lower ESR1:ESR2 gene expression ratio in postmenopausal women. In premenopausal women, the expression of ESR1 was higher in VAT than in SAT. In both pre- and postmenopausal women, ESR2 expression was lower in VAT than in SAT. In late, but not pre- or early postmenopausal women, E2 reduced glucose uptake and GLUT4 protein and increased expression of ESR2. ESR1 polymorphisms were associated with weight, body fat distribution, and total cholesterol, and ESR2 polymorphisms were associated with total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and with body fat percentage.Conclusion: E2 inhibits glucose utilization in human adipocytes in late postmenopausal women. Changes in glucose utilization over time since menopause may be explained by a lower ESR1:ESR2 ratio. This can have clinical implications on the timing of estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women.
33.	Aires, Filipe, et al. (author) Towards more realistic hypotheses for the information content analysis of cloudy/precipitating situations - Application to a hyperspectral instrument in the microwave 2019 In: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. - : Wiley. - 0035-9009 .- 1477-870X. ; 145:718, s. 1-14 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Information Content (IC) analysis can be used before an instrument is built to estimate its retrieval uncertainties and analyse their sensitivity to several factors. It is a very useful method to define/optimize satellite instruments. IC has shown its potential to compare instrument concepts in the infrared or the microwave. IC is based on some hypotheses such as the the Gaussian character of the radiative transfer (RT) and instrument errors, the first-guess errors (Gaussian character, std and correlation structure), or the linearization of the RT around a first guess. These hypotheses are easier to define for simple atmospheric situations. However, even in the clear-sky case, their complexity has never ceased to increase towards more realism, to optimize the assimilation of satellite measurements in numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. In the cloudy/precipitating case, these hypotheses are even more difficult to define in a realistic way as many factors are still very difficult to quantify. In this study, several tools are introduced to specify more realistic IC hypotheses than the current practice. We focus on microwave observations as they are more pertinent for clouds and precipitation. Although not perfect, the proposed solutions are a new step towards more realistic IC assumptions of cloudy/precipitating scenes. A state-dependence of the RT errors is introduced, the first-guess errors have a more complex vertical structure, the IC is performed simultaneously on all the hydrometeors to take into account the contamination effect of the RT input uncertainties, and the IC is performed on a diversified set of cloudy/precipitating scenes with well-defined hydrometeor assumptions. The method presented in this study is illustrated using the HYperspectral Microwave Sensor (HYMS) instrument concept with channels between 6.9 and 874 GHz (millimetre and sub-millimetre regions). HYMS is considered as a potential next generation microwave sounder.
34.	Albertsdottir, Elsa, et al. (author) A simulation study of bias in variance component estimation due to ignoring environmental correlation between “test-status” and a continuous trait in culled data 2010 In: Annual meeting of the European Association for Animal Production. - 1382-6077. ; 16, s. 85-85 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
35.	Albertsdottir, Elsa, et al. (author) Comparison of models for genetic evaluation of Icelandic horses 2011 In: Annual meeting of the European Association for Animal Production. - 1382-6077. ; 17, s. 135-135 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
36.	Albertsdottir, Elsa, et al. (author) Estimation of genetic parameters and response to selection for a continuous trait subject to culling before testing 2012 In: Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics. - : Wiley. - 0931-2668 .- 1439-0388. ; 129, s. 50-59 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
37.	Albertsdottir, Elsa, et al. (author) Genetic parameters and genetic trends for female fertility in Icelandic dairy cattle 2020 In: Book of Abstracts, EAAP. - 1382-6077. ; 26, s. 488-488 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
38.	Alexanderson, Camilla, 1978, et al. (author) Influence of having a male twin on body mass index and risk for dyslipidemia in middle-aged and old women. 2011 In: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 35, s. 1466-1469 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background:Animal experiments suggest that exposure to elevated levels of androgens during development by means of so-called hormonal programming causes metabolic aberrations at adulthood. An indirect strategy to address the possible importance of such an influence also in humans would be to study female dizygotic twins, presuming that those with a twin brother-due to diffusion of testosterone-have been exposed to higher androgen levels prenatally.Design:We have compared 8409 women with a male twin with 9166 women with a dizygotic female twin with respect to self-reported indices of anthropometry and metabolic aberrations at age 42 or older.Results:Body mass index (BMI), body weight and rate of dyslipidemia were moderately, but significantly, higher in women from opposite-sexed (OS) twin pairs; splitting for age revealed this difference to be present in those 60 years of age only.Conclusion:The results (i) support the notion that comparisons of women with a twin brother with women from same-sexed twin pairs may be used to shed light on possible long-term effects of interindividual variations in early androgen exposure, and (ii) suggest that the effects of early androgen exposure on metabolism previously observed in animal experiments are of relevance also for humans.International Journal of Obesity advance online publication, 8 March 2011; doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.18.
39.	Andersen, Niels S., et al. (author) Pre-Emptive Treatment With Rituximab of Molecular Relapse After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Mantle Cell Lymphoma 2009 In: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 27:26, s. 4365-4370 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Purpose Minimal residual disease (MRD) is predictive of clinical progression in mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL). According to the Nordic MCL-2 protocol we prospectively analyzed the efficacy of pre-emptive treatment using rituximab to MCL patients in molecular relapse after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Patients and Materials MCL patients enrolled onto the study, who had polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detectable molecular markers and underwent ASCT, were followed with serial PCR assessments of MRD in consecutive bone marrow and peripheral blood samples after ASCT. In case of molecular relapse with increasing MRD levels, patients were offered pre-emptive treatment with rituximab 375 mg/m(2) weekly for 4 weeks. Results Of 160 MCL patients enrolled, 145 underwent ASCT, of whom 78 had a molecular marker. Of these, 74 were in complete remission (CR) and four had progressive disease after ASCT. Of the CR patients, 36 underwent a molecular relapse up to 6 years (mean, 18.5 months) after ASCT. Ten patients did not receive pre-emptive treatment mainly due to a simultaneous molecular and clinical relapse, while 26 patients underwent pre-emptive treatment leading to reinduction of molecular remission in 92%. Median molecular and clinical relapse-free survival after pre-emptive treatment were 1.5 and 3.7 years, respectively. Of the 38 patients who remain in molecular remission for now for a median of 3.3 years (range, 0.4 to 6.6 years), 33 are still in clinical CR. Conclusion Molecular relapse may occur many years after ASCT in MCL, and PCR based pre-emptive treatment using rituximab is feasible, reinduce molecular remission, and may prevent clinical relapse.
40.	Andersson, Lisa, et al. (author) Genome Wide Association Study of Equine Insect Bite Hypersensitivity 2010 Other publication (peer-reviewed)
41.	Andersson, Lisbet (author) Med dig vid min sida : -det vårdande mötets betydelse när barn genomgår anestesi i en högteknologisk operationsmiljö 2022 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to contribute with knowledge of and gain a greater understanding of the encounter between children, parents, and anesthesia staff in a high-technological surgical environment.Methods: This thesis is based on four studies with descriptive, interpretive and cross-sectional designs. Study I includes 28 children with a focus on the meaning of being anesthetized. Data were collected with non-participant video observations, field notes, and interviews. Data were analyzed using a lifeworld hermeneutical approach according to Dahlberg et al. Study II includes six parents with a focus on the meaning of being a parent at one’s child’s first anesthesia in day surgery. The data analysis was carried out with a phenomenological perspective according to Giorgi’s human science method. Study III includes 809 questionnaires completed by nurse anesthetists about the importance of Families’ in Nursing Care (FINC-NA). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. Finally, study IV includes 27 non-participant observations when children are being anesthetised. The data analysis was carried out with an observational design with a hermeneutic approach grounded in the philosophy of Gadamer and further described by Ericsson et al.Results: The children’s experiences of being anesthetized are: like being powerless, striving for control, experiencing ambiguous comprehensibility, and they are seeking security. They struggle with anxiety as a result of their inability to protect themselves. Their parents experience ambivalence between worry and relief, and a feeling of losing control. They need to be prepared, be present, and have emotional support. The nurse anesthetists generally had a positive attitude towards the importance of parental presence. Working in a district hospital, working only with children, having routines, being a woman, and allowing both parents to be present and greather experience of children’s anesthesia were associated with a more positive attitude. However, the operating room is not designed for children or the parent’s comfort during the child’s anesthesia induction, and there is a need to be inviting and to be invited, a need for varying compliance, there is a need for mutual dependence, and a need to give and receive emotional support.Conclusions: The reasons children experience anxiety are multifaceted. It is thus essential to listen to the voice of each child and each parent, support them, strive to create an individually adopted caring with so much protection as possible, and see parents as a resource and a conversational partner. The caring encounter is essential when children undergo anesthesia in a high-technical surgical environment. The anesthesia staff can be a powerful resource depending on their demeanour.
42.	Andersson, Lisa, et al. (author) Polymorphisms in SPINK5 do not associate with insect bite hypersensitivity in Icelandic horses born in Sweden 2009 In: Animal Genetics. - : Wiley. - 0268-9146 .- 1365-2052. ; 40:5, s. 790-791 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
43.	Andersson, Lisa, et al. (author) The same ELA class II risk factors confer equine insect bite hypersensitivity in two distinct populations 2012 In: Immunogenetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0093-7711 .- 1432-1211. ; 64:3, s. 201-208 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is a chronic allergic dermatitis common in horses. Affected horses mainly react against antigens present in the saliva from the biting midges, Culicoides ssp, and occasionally black flies, Simulium ssp. Because of this insect dependency, the disease is clearly seasonal and prevalence varies between geographical locations. For two distinct horse breeds, we genotyped four microsatellite markers positioned within the MHC class II region and sequenced the highly polymorphic exons two from DRA and DRB3, respectively. Initially, 94 IBH-affected and 93 unaffected Swedish born Icelandic horses were tested for genetic association. These horses had previously been genotyped on the Illumina Equine SNP50 BeadChip, which made it possible to ensure that our study did not suffer from the effects of stratification. The second population consisted of 106 unaffected and 80 IBH-affected Exmoor ponies. We show that variants in the MHC class II region are associated with disease susceptibility (p(raw)=2.34x10(-5)), with the same allele (COR112:274) associated in two separate populations. In addition, we combined microsatellite and sequencing data in order to investigate the pattern of homozygosity and show that homozygosity across the entire MHC class II region is associated with a higher risk of developing IBH (p=0.0013). To our knowledge this is the first time in any atopic dermatitis suffering species, including man, where the same risk allele has been identified in two distinct populations.
44.	Andersson, Lisa, et al. (author) Variants in the MHC-II Gene Cluster Influence Susceptibility to Equine Insect Bite Hypersensitivity 2011 Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
45.	Antonsson, Helen, et al. (author) First-line managers’ experiences of alternative modes of funding in elderly care in Sweden 2012 In: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 20:6, s. 737-747 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to describe first-line managers’ experiences of alternative modes of funding elderly care in two communities in western Sweden. Background: A growing elderly population demands alternative modes of funding elderly care for better outcomes for patients and better efficiency as it is publicly funded through taxation. Methods: The study comprised a total of eight semi-structured interviews with first-line managers working within elderly care. The interviews were analysed using manifest qualitative content analysis. Respect for the individuals was a main concern in the study. Results: One category, quality improvement, and four subcategories freedom of choice, organisational structure, quality awareness and market forces effects were identified to describe first-line managers’ experiences of the operation of elderly care. Conclusions: Quality improvement was an important factor to deal with when elderly care was operated in different organisational perspectives, either private or public. The first-line manager is a key person for developing a learning organisation that encourages both staff, clients and their relatives to improve the organisation. Moreover, person-centred care strengthens the client’s role in the organisation, which is in line with the government’s goal for the quality improvement of elderly care. However, further research is needed on how quality improvement could be developed when different caregivers operate in the same market in order to improve care from the elderly perspective.Implications for nursing management: This study highlights alternative modes of funding elderly care. The economical perspectives should not dominate without taking care of quality improvement when the operation of elderly care is planned and implemented. Strategies such as a learning organisational structure built on person-centred care could create quality improvement in elderly care.
46.	Apelgren, Britt-Marie, et al. (author) Introduction : Language Matters in European Higher Education 2021 In: Language Matters in Higher Education Contexts. - Leiden : Brill Academic Publishers. - 9789004507920 - 9789004507913 ; , s. 1-15 Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
47.	Apelgren, Britt Marie, 1956, et al. (author) Introduction: Language Matters in Higher Education 2022 In: Language matters in Higher Education Contexts: Policy and Practice. - Leiden, The Netherlands : Brill. - 2542-8721. - 9789004507920 ; , s. 1-15 Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract The introductory chapter is designed to set the scene for the different contributing chapters in the book Language Matters in Higher Education Contexts – Policy and Practice. Two overarching themes, ‘internationalisation’ and ‘societal responsibility,’ are identified in relation to language matters in higher education. These themes are both intertwined and nestled together, which sometimes causes significant tensions or fluxing borders. Within these chapters, researchers from different higher education institutions in several European countries bring up emerging and current language issues relating to the ever-increasing urge for universities to be and become international.
48.	Apelgren, Britt Marie, 1956, et al. (author) Language Matters in Higher Education Contexts: Policy and Practice 2022 Book (other academic/artistic)abstract This book highlights that language matters permeate all areas of higher education and that language matters for everyone involved in academic institutions: in policy, in teaching and learning, in administration, in research and in leadership. The chapters in this volume address national, institutional and local levels, and range from legal texts to students’ and teachers’ stories across disciplines. It provides a useful picture for all those who work in the various fields of higher education.
49.	Ashelford, Kevin, et al. (author) Full genome re-sequencing reveals a novel circadian clock mutationin Arabidopsis 2011 In: Genome Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-6906 .- 1474-760X. ; 12, s. R28- Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Map based cloning in Arabidopsis thaliana can be a difficult and time-consuming process,specifically if the phenotype is subtle and scoring labour intensive. An alternative to map basedcloning would be to directly sequence the whole genome of a mutant to uncover the mutationresponsible for the phenotype. Results: Here, we have re-sequenced the 120 Mb genome of a novel Arabidopsis clock mutant earlybird (ebi-1), using massively parallel sequencing by ligation. This process was further complicated by the fact that ebi-1 is in Wassilewskija (Ws-2), not the reference accession ofArabidopsis. The approach reveals evidence of DNA strand bias in the ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS) mutation process. We have demonstrated the utility of sequencing a backcrossed line andusing gene expression data to limit the number of SNP considered. Using new SNP informationwe have excluded a previously identified clock gene, PRR7. Finally, we have identified a SNPin the gene AtNFXL-2 as the likely cause of the ebi-1 phenotype and validated this bycharacterising a further allele. Conclusion: In Arabidopsis, as in other organisms, the (EMS) mutation load can be high. Here wedescribe how sequencing a backcrossed line, using functional genomics and analysing new SNPinformation can be used to reduce the number EMS mutations for consideration. Moreover, theapproach we describe here does not require out-crossing and scoring F2 mapping populations, anapproach which can be compromised by background effects. The strategy has broad utility andwill be an extremely useful tool to identify causative SNP in other organisms.
50.	Backe, Susanne, et al. (author) Markanvändningsbetingade vegetationsförändringar inom öppen myr 1987-2000 i Norrbottens län- Satellitbaserad övervakning 2012 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Miljöövervakning av våtmarker bedrivs inom Naturvårdsverkets programområde våtmark med syfte att långsiktigt följa utvecklingen av våtmarkernas tillstånd vad gäller hydrologiskorördhet och biologisk mångfald. För ett av delprogrammen används en satellitbaserad metodik för att upptäcka markanvändningsbetingade vegetationsförändringar i öppna myrar. Metoden baseras på antagandet att spektralt och vegetationsmässigt homogena myrtyper uppträder likartat med avseende på normal variation i fenologi och väder. Detta innebär att om grupper av homogena myrtyper avgränsas vid tidpunkt 1 så kan spektralt avvikande myrar, dvs förändrade myrar, sökas genom riktad förändringsanalys inom grupperna vid tidpunkt 2. Förändringsriktningen som analyserats är ökad biomassa/igenväxning. Förändringarna redovisas i två klasser; säker och potentiell. Analysen kommer att genomföras i hela landet nedanför fjällen från norr till söder med ett omdrev på tio år.Under 2008 utfördes denna förändringsanalys i Norrbottens län. Satellitscenerna som har använts är för tidpunkt 1 från 1984, 1987 samt 1990 och för tidpunkt 2 från 2000. Analysen har resulterat i en mängd ytor inom öppen myr där indikationer på förändring finns. De förändrade ytorna omfattar ca 16 800 ha, vilket motsvarar 1,22 % av arealen öppen myr i undersökningsområdet, dvs hela Norrbottens län med undantag av fjällenVid en utvärdering av resultatet från förändringsanalysen ingick totalt 300 ytor varav 250 förändrade ytor och 50 referensytor. Referensytorna slumpades ut inom den oförändrade delen av den öppna myrmasken. Utvärderingen utfördes mha flygbilder och fältbesök för att verifera förändringar. Utvärderingen visade att säkerheten i förändringsanalysen var mellan 48-91 %. I 48 % av ytorna kunde förändring verifieras. I ytterligare 43 % av fallen var det svårt att bedöma om en förändring skett, men möjlighet fanns att biomassa kan ha ökat under aktuell tidsperiod, dvs säkerheten i analysen kan vara upp till 91%. Förändringsytorna skiljde sig från referensytorna genom att de i högre grad låg i anslutning till vattendrag, sjöar och dråg samt hade fler ingrepp i omgivningen. Vanligast förekommande ingrepp inom 100 m från de förändrade ytorna var dikningar, ungskogar och upphörd myrslåtter. I de östra delarna kunde förändringarna i högre grad verifieras jämfört med i de västra delarna. I väster fanns fler svårbedömda fall. Med andra ord kan man säga att förändringsanalysen har en högre säkerhet och i högre grad kan kopplas till markanvändning i de östra jämfört med de västra delarna. En möjlig orsak till denna skillnad kan vara att fenologiska effekter påverkar analysresultatet i mer höglänta områden med kortare vegetationsperiod.Markanvändning i anslutning till de förändrade myrarna har analyserats med hjälp av flygbildstolkning av de förändrade ytornas tillrinningsområde. Flygbilderna som användes var från tre olika tidsperioder : 1960-, 1980- och 2000-tal. Markanvändningen i anslutning till de förändrade ytorna hade ökat i högre grad jämfört med referensytor. Ökningen har framförallt skett under perioden 1980 till 2000. Diken för skogsbruk stod för den största delen av ökningen.Kring ytor med säker förändringsindikation fanns en större andel skogsdiken jämfört med ytor som hade potentiell förändringsindikation. Det fanns fler rester av lador och hässjor sedan myrslåtterepoken kring de förändrade ytorna jämfört med referensytorna. Markanvändningsanalysen gav oss ytterligare en bekräftelse på att resultatet från förändringsanalysen fångat upp ytor där snabba förändringar i form av igenväxning skett pga ingrepp.Ett förslag på indikator för att följa miljökvalitetsmålet för Myllrande våtmarker har tagits fram baserat på resultatet från förändringsanalysen. Förslaget är att man använder måttet andel förändrad öppen myr av den totala arealen öppen myr som indikator på snabba förändringar.Vi föreslår att indikatorn används dels på länsnivå och dels på kommunnivå.

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