| 1. |
- Ahlgren, Erik, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Biokombi Rya - slutrapporter från ingående delprojekt
- 2007
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Inom projektet Biokombi Rya har ett flertal olika forskargrupper samarbetat för att studera system¬effekterna av förgasning av biobränsle ur olika aspekter. Syftet med projektet är att öka kunskapen om biobränsleförgasning i Sverige samt att utreda förutsättningar för att sådana anläggningar ska vara ekonomiskt och miljömässigt intressanta. En referensgrupp har varit kopplad till projektet där förutsättningar, resultat och slutsatser har behandlats.I denna underlagsrapport har slutrapporterna från projektets delprojekt samlats. De beskriver förutsättningar, metodansatser, använda data och resultat utförligt och utgör på så sätt ett viktigt komplement till den mer övergripande beskrivningen i projektets syntesrapport. De delrapporter som ingår har valts för att täcka in samtliga delar av projektet som är av allmänt intresse. Projektresultat som publicerats på annat sätt berörs dock mer kortfattat.Projektet Biokombi Rya har pågått under två år (2005-2006) och drivits av Chalmers EnergiCentrum. Förutom de omfattande analysinsatser som författarna till denna rapport står för, har Avdelningen för kemisk teknologi vid KTH, Siemens Industrial Turbines AB och Göteborg Energi AB bidragit med expertstöd. CIT Industriell Energianalys, med undertecknad som projektledare, har stått för projektledning och koordination.Projektet har finansierats av Energimyndigheten, Göteborg Energis forsknings¬stiftelse samt Göteborg Energi AB.
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| 2. |
- Bonde, Ingrid, et al.
(author)
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Det klimatpolitiska ramverket : rapport 2018
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Klimatpolitiska rådet bildades den 1 januari 2018 med uppgift att utvärdera hur regeringens samlade politik är förenlig med de klimatmål som riksdagen och regeringen har beslutat. Detta är rådets första rapport. Här presenteras rådets ledamöter och vårt uppdrag, som en del av Sveriges klimatpolitiska ramverk och dess internationella sammanhang i EU och FN.I Paris i december 2015 enades världens länder om ett nytt globalt klimatavtal under klimatkonventionen. Parisavtalet är historiskt då det är det första klimatavtalet som nästan alla världens länder står bakom. Processen bakom avtalet involverade också en lång rad andra viktiga aktörer inom näringsliv, forskning, civilsamhälle, städer och regioner.Efter Parisavtalet har ramverken för att hantera klimatproblemet förstärkts även på europeisk och nationell nivå. I juni 2017 beslutade riksdagen om ett klimatpolitiskt ramverk för Sverige med stöd av en mycket bred majoritet av riksdagens partier. Ramverket innehåller tre delar: långsiktiga mål, ett planerings- och uppföljningssystem samt ett klimatpolitiskt råd. Delar av ramverket är reglerat i en klimatlag.Det övergripande målet i det klimatpolitiska ramverket är att Sverige senast år 2045 inte har några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser till atmosfären, för att därefter uppnå negativa utsläpp. Ramverket innehåller även etappmål på vägen mot det långsiktiga målet.Som en del av den parlamentariska överenskommelsen och det klimatpolitiska ramverket har regeringen inrättat det Klimatpolitiska rådet. Rådets huvuduppdrag är att ”utvärdera hur regeringens samlade politik är förenlig med de klimatmål som riksdag och regering har beslutat”.Uppdraget att granska regeringens samlade politik understryker klimatfrågans breda och tvärsektoriella karaktär. Att nå målen om ett fossilfritt samhälle utan några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser inom 25 år innebär en omfattande samhällsförändring i ett komplext samspel mellan mängder av olika faktorer, aktörer och drivkrafter. Klimatfrågan spänner därmed också över i princip samtliga vetenskapliga fält. Det klimatpolitiska rådet består av personer med bred tvär- och mångvetenskaplig kompetens inom naturvetenskap, samhällsvetenskap, humaniora och teknikvetenskap. Till sitt förfogande har rådet ett kansli med tre heltidsanställda.Under första halvan av 2018 kommer rådet att forma inriktning och planer för arbetet. Klimatpolitiska rådet kommer att koncentrera sitt arbete till hur Sverige ska nå klimatmålen genom utsläppsminskningar och kompletterande åtgärder. Klimatanpassningsfrågor ingår inte i rådets arbetsområde.Sverige är inte det första landet som instiftar ett klimatpolitiskt råd. I bland annat Storbritannien, Danmark och Finland finns sedan flera år tillbaka liknande organ. I Sverige bidrar redan många andra myndigheter och organisationer på olika sätt med analys och kunskapsunderlag kring klimatpolitiken. Klimatpolitiska rådet har en unik roll bland myndigheter genom sitt fokus på den samhälleliga klimatomställningen, sitt oberoende och sitt breda mandat att utvärdera regeringens samlade politik.
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| 3. |
- Elinge, Eva, et al.
(author)
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A group learning programme for old people with hip fracture : a randomized study
- 2003
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 10:1, s. 27-33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine whether a group learning programme would influence the participants' perceived activity performance and ability to participate in social life after a hip fracture. The study comprised 35 people aged 54-90 years with hip fracture who had completed ordinary care and rehabilitation after their hip fractures. They were randomized to an intervention group (n=21) or to a control group (n=14). The intervention group participated in the group learning programme, while the control group received no intervention. Directly after the intervention and at 12 months after the intervention, no significant change was seen in either group, regarding the ability to perform ADL activities measured by the Barthel ADL index, or the performance of activities that were identified as important to the individual. However, in the intervention group, the number of ADL items perceived to be performed with difficulties decreased, and the perceived ability to participate in social life increased. These changes were not found in the control group. When analysed between groups, however, the only significant difference was the ability to participate in social life after the intervention. Further research is needed to investigate whether an intensive or prolonged period of rehabilitation, at the hospital or in the patient's home, would increase the ability to resume meaningful participation in social life
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| 4. |
- Nyström, Ingrid, 1965, et al.
(author)
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Biokombi Rya - Biobränsleförgasning satt i system
- 2007
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Inom projekt Biokombi Rya har ett flertal olika forskargrupper gemensamt studerat systemeffekterna av att introducera förgasning av biobränsle i Göteborgs fjärrvärmesystem, i Västsverige som region och ur ett mer generellt och långsiktigt systemperspektiv. Syftet med projektet är att öka kunskapen inför eventuell framtida utbyggnad av biobränsleförgasning i Sverige samt att utreda vilka förutsättningar som är nödvändiga för att sådana anläggningar ska bli ekonomiskt och miljömässigt intressanta inom en relativt kort tidsrymd (ca 10 år). Fokus ligger på integration av anläggningar för förgasning av biobränsle med befintliga kraftvärmeverk med kombicykel samt med fjärrvärme. Projektet vänder sig till beslutsfattare inom området på nationell, regional och lokal nivå.Övergripande systemanalys inom projektet har särskilt fokuserat på biobränslemarknaden och framtida prisbildning för biobränsle samt på den långsiktiga konkurrenskraften för biodrivmedel via förgasning. Projektet i övrigt utgår från en tillämpad fallstudie av delvis konvertering av Rya Kraftvärmeverk (Rya KVV) i Göteborg till förgasat biobränsle, vilket alltså innebär integration mellan förgasningsanläggning och ett naturgaseldat gaskombikraftvärmeverk knutet till ett fjärrvärmesystem. I denna del ingår även en konceptuell studie över olika tekniska processalternativ för produktion av värme, el och drivmedel, inklusive ett mer långsiktigt alternativ för vätgasproduktion. Inom projektet används gemensamma scenarier för energimarknaderna ca år 2020.Några av projektets viktigaste slutsatser är:• Förgasning av biobränsle kan bli intressant för både el- och drivmedelsproduktion och bidra till reducerade CO2-utsläpp, förutsatt att nivån på priset på biobränsle inte är alltför hög relativt fossilbränslepriserna. I de flesta fall är också riktade styrmedel för att premiera förnybar el- och/eller drivmedelsproduktion (t ex certifikat) en förutsättning. Vid gynnsamma förutsättningar för både ”grön” el- och drivmedelsproduktion kan en konkurrenssituation om biobränsle uppstå.• Den långsiktiga konkurrenskraften för biodrivmedel från förgasning är i hög grad beroende av teknik- och kostnadsutveckling inom både transportsektorn och andra sektorer, t ex för lagring av el och väte, bränsleceller och uthållig CO2-fri elproduktion. Tillgängligheten för insamling och lagring av CO2 från fossila anläggningar ökar konkurrenskraften betydligt, men denna effekt neutraliseras om CO2 samlas in även från biobaserade anläggningar. Vilken typ av biodrivmedel som får bäst konkurrenskraft beror till stor del på distributions- och fordonskostnader.• Göteborgs fjärrvärmesystem, med en stor andel spillvärme, och Rya Kraftvärmeverk, med relativt andra kombicykler låg elverkningsgrad, har egentligen inte de optimala förutsättningarna för att förgasning av biobränsle ska vara ekonomiskt intressant.• I flera fall kan det trots detta vara ekonomiskt intressant att bygga en anläggning för förgasning av biobränsle i Göteborg. Av de förgasningsbaserade alternativ som studerats, visar sig produktion av syntetisk naturgas från flis för användning som fordonsbränsle var den ekonomiskt mest robusta lösningen, förutsatt att det finns riktade styrmedel för ”grön” drivmedelsproduktion, t ex drivmedelscertifikat. Ombyggnad av Rya Kraftvärmeverk till delvis biobränslebaserad kraftvärme via förgasning är även detta ekonomiskt intressant i flera fall. Kraftvärme baserad på biobränsleförgasning med högre elverkningsgrad än vad som är möjligt i Rya Kraftvärmeverk skulle dock kunna vara än mer intressant.• För att en förgasningsanläggning ska vara ekonomiskt intressant är det viktigt att uppnå så hög el- respektive drivmedelsverkningsgrad som möjligt samt att anläggningen får längsta möjliga drifttid. För drivmedelsproduktion finns det betydande fördelar med att kunna utnyttja värmeöverskottet från anläggningen i ett fjärrvärmesystem eller liknande.• För fjärrvärmesystemen i regionen som helhet finns det, enligt modellresultaten och för de scenarier som använts, starka drivkrafter att öka elproduktionen i kraftvärmeverk. Med gynnsamma förutsättningar för biobränslebaserad elproduktion har konventionell biobränslebaserad kraftvärme bäst ekonomi. Med drivmedelscertifikat eller liknande kan förgasningsanläggningar istället få en betydande roll för produktion av biodrivmedel, även knutet till medelstora fjärrvärmenät.• Produktion av biodrivmedel, som DME och vätgas, kan ske till kostnader som är konkurrenskraftiga gentemot dagens bensinpris, särskilt om produktionen blir möjlig att integrera med svartlutsförgasning (här studerat för vätgas). För vätgasproduktion är i samtliga fall ekonomin och den totala effekten på CO2-utsläppen dock starkt beroende av möjligheterna att samla in och lagra CO2.• För samtliga studerade tekniker och delsystem påverkar scenarieantaganden om utvecklingen av energimarknaderna och omvärldens energisystem i hög grad resultaten. För att utvärdera robustheten och de totala klimateffekterna för en enskild investering krävs därför systemanalys, som tar hänsyn till denna omvärld.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Ahlberg, Sven Olof, et al.
(author)
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Kulturvård och betong
- 2022
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In: Betong: material konstruktion åtgärder skador arkitektur historia. - Mariestad : Hantverkslaboratoriet Institutionen för kulturvård. - 9789198694666 ; , s. 6-19
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Axberg, Stefan, et al.
(author)
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Lärobok i Militärteknik, vol. 9 : Teori och metod
- 2013. - 1
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Ämnet militärteknik utgår från att tekniska system är officerens arbetsredskap och att en förståelse för och kunskap om dessa verktyg är central för att kunna utöva professionen framgångsrikt. Denna nionde volym av Lärobok i Militärteknik, benämnd Teori och Metod, behandlar centrala begrepp, teorier och postulat samt metoder för värdering av teknik och består av ett antal texter författade av 16 forskare och lärare vid den militärtekniska avdelningen. Volymen riktar sig främst till de som inlett sin officersutbildning och utgörs till stora delar av ett kompilat av publicerade och opublicerade militärtekniska texter och kan sägas utgöra militärteknikens ”state of the art”.
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| 10. |
- Barjandi, Golnaz, et al.
(author)
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Plasma tryptophan and kynurenine in females with temporomandibular disorders and fibromyalgia-An exploratory pilot study.
- 2020
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In: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. - : Wiley. - 1365-2842 .- 0305-182X. ; 47:2, s. 150-157
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Both temporomandibular disorders myalgia (TMDM) and fibromyalgia (FM) have been linked to central and peripheral changes in serotonin availability. The precursor of serotonin, tryptophan (TRP), is mainly catabolised via another pathway to produce kynurenine (KYN), but whether changes of this pathway are present in TMDM and FM are still unclear.OBJECTIVE: The aim was to explore blood plasma concentrations of TRP and KYN in TMDM and FM in an attempt to identify novel associations for future research.METHODS: Plasma of 113 female participants (17 TMDM, 40 FM and 56 healthy pain-free controls) were analysed for TRP and KYN concentrations. The degradation of TRP via the KYN pathway was indicated by the KYN to TRP ratio (KYN/TRP). Pain intensities were assessed with the Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Psychological symptoms were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7).RESULTS: In TMDM there was a negative correlation between TRP and pain intensity (rs = -0.55 P = .023) and positive correlations between KYN/TRP and pain intensity (rs = 0.59 P = .013). In FM, KYN/TRP was negatively correlated with anxiety symptoms (rs = -0.36 P = .022) and a trend towards significantly lower TRP levels was found compared to controls (P = .05).CONCLUSION: The association between KYN/TRP and pain intensity as well as anxiety ratings in this small exploratory study may indicate that KYN/TRP could be a relevant indicator for symptom severity in TMDM and FM. Further investigations of the KYN pathway in chronic myalgia are warranted.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Böös, Malin, et al.
(author)
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Who should record surgical complications? : Results from a third-party assessment of complications after radical cystectomy
- 2019
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In: Scandinavian journal of urology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 53:5, s. 339-343
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: In Sweden complications after radical cystectomy have been reported to the nationwide population-based Swedish Cystectomy Registry since 2011. Here, validation of the reporting was assessed in two healthcare regions.Materials and methods: Complications were ascertained from patient records by a third party not involved in the care delivered to 429 randomly selected patients from 949 who had undergone radical cystectomy since 2011 in four hospitals. Without knowledge of the outcome in the primary registration, post-operative complications within 90 days post-operatively were assessed by an independent review of patient charts, and the results were compared with the primary reports in the Swedish Cystectomy Registry.Results: The third-party assessment identified post-operative complications in 310 patients (72%). Low-grade complications (Clavien-Dindo I-II) were noted in 110 (26%) of the patients in the primary registration, but increased to 182 (42%) in the validation (p < 0.00001). High-grade complications (Clavien-Dindo III-V) were reported in 113 (26%) patients in the primary registration, but in 128 (30%) of the patients in the validation (p = 0.02). According to the third-party assessment, 18 patients (4%) had Clavien-Dindo grade IV complications and 12 (3%) died within 90 days of surgery (Clavien-Dindo grade V); corresponding values in the primary registration were 15 (3%) and 9 (2%), respectively. The readmission rate within 90 days increased from 27 to 32% in the validation (p < 0.00001).Conclusions: Compared with registry data, third-party assessment revealed more complications and readmissions after radical cystectomy. Hence such evaluation may improve the validity of reported complication data.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Christidis, Nikolaos, et al.
(author)
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Comparison of the Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Released in the Vastus Lateralis Muscle of Patients with Fibromyalgia and Healthy Controls during Contractions of the Quadriceps Muscle – A Microdialysis Study
- 2015
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Fibromyalgia is associated with central hyperexcitability, but it is suggested that peripheral input is important to maintain central hyperexcitability. The primary aim was to investigate the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines released in the vastus lateralis muscle during repetitive dynamic contractions of the quadriceps muscle in patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls. Secondarily, to investigate if the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were correlated with pain or fatigue during these repetitive dynamic contractions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 32 women with fibromyalgia and 32 healthy women (controls) participated in a 4 hour microdialysis session, to sample IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF from the most painful point of the vastus lateralis muscle before, during and after 20 minutes of repeated dynamic contractions. Pain (visual analogue scale; 0-100) and fatigue Borg's Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale; 6-20) were assessed before and during the entire microdialysis session. RESULTS: The repetitive dynamic contractions increased pain in the patients with fibromyalgia (P < .001) and induced fatigue in both groups (P < .001). Perceived fatigue was significantly higher among patients with fibromyalgia than controls (P < .001). The levels of IL-1β did not change during contractions in either group. The levels of TNF did not change during contractions in patients with fibromyalgia, but increased in controls (P < .001) and were significantly higher compared to patients with fibromyalgia (P = .033). The levels of IL-6 and IL-8 increased in both groups alike during and after contractions (P's < .001). There were no correlations between pain or fatigue and cytokine levels after contractions. CONCLUSION: There were no differences between patients with fibromyalgia and controls in release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and no correlations between levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pain or fatigue. Thus, this study indicates that IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF do not seem to play an important role in maintenance of muscle pain in fibromyalgia.
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| 15. |
- De Knoop, Ludvig, 1972, et al.
(author)
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Electric-field-controlled reversible order-disorder switching of a metal tip surface
- 2018
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In: Physical Review Materials. - 2475-9953. ; 2:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- While it is well established that elevated temperatures can induce surface roughening of metal surfaces, the effect of a high electric field on the atomic structure at ambient temperature has not been investigated in detail. Here we show with atomic resolution using in situ transmission electron microscopy how intense electric fields induce reversible switching between perfect crystalline and disordered phases of gold surfaces at room temperature. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the mechanism behind the structural change can be attributed to a vanishing energy cost in forming surface defects in high electric fields. Our results demonstrate how surface processes can be directly controlled at the atomic scale by an externally applied electric field, which promotes an effective decoupling of the topmost surface layers from the underlying bulk. This opens up opportunities for development of active nanodevices in, e.g., nanophotonics and field-effect transistor technology as well as fundamental research in materials characterization and of yet unexplored dynamically controlled low-dimensional phases of matter.
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| 16. |
- Ekbäck, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Training for Awareness, Resilience and Action (TARA) for medical students : a single-arm mixed methods feasibility study to evaluate TARA as an indicated intervention to prevent mental disorders and stress-related symptoms
- 2022
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In: BMC Medical Education. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6920. ; 22:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Medical students have a higher risk for depression, anxiety, stress-related symptoms, burnout, and suicide, and more rarely seek professional help or treatment than the general population. Appeals are being made to address the mental health and resilience of physicians-to-be. The novel program Training for Awareness, Resilience, and Action (TARA) was originally developed to treat depressed adolescents, targeting specific neuroscientific findings in this population. TARA has shown feasibility and preliminary efficacy in clinically depressed adolescents and corresponding brain-changes in mixed community adolescent samples. The present study investigated the feasibility and acceptability of TARA as a potential indicated prevention program for symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress and burnout in Swedish medical students.Methods: We conducted a single-arm trial with 23 self-selected students in their early semesters of medical school (mean age 25.38 years, 5 males and 18 females), with or without mental disorders. All participants received TARA. Self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, perceived stress and psychological inflexibility were collected before (T0) and after the intervention (T1). Qualitative data on the participants’ experiences of TARA were collected in focus-group interviews conducted halfway through the program and upon completion of the program. Individual interviews were also conducted 2 years later. Qualitative content analysis was performed.Results: The mean attendance rate was 61.22% and the dropout rate was 17.40%. The Child Session Rating Scale administered after every session reflected an overall acceptable content, mean total score 34.99 out of 40.00. Trends towards improvement were seen across all outcome measures, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Anxiety (t = 1.13, p = 0.29) and Depression (t = 1.71, p = 0.11) subscales, Perceived Stress Scale (t = 0.67, p = 0.51) and Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for youth (t = 1.64, p = 0.10). None of the participants deteriorated markedly during the intervention. Qualitative content analysis resulted in a main theme labeled: “An uncommon meeting-ground for personal empowerment”, with 4 themes; “Acknowledging unmet needs”, “Entering a free zone”, “Feeling connected to oneself and others” and “Expanding self-efficacy”.Conclusion: TARA is feasible and acceptable in a mixed sample of Swedish medical students. The students’ reports of entering an uncommon meeting-ground for personal empowerment supports effectiveness studies of TARA in this context.
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| 17. |
- Ekman, Stina, et al.
(author)
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Effect of circadian rhythm, age, training and acute lameness on serum concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) neo-epitope in horses
- 2019
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In: Equine Veterinary Journal. - : Wiley. - 0425-1644 .- 2042-3306. ; 51:5, s. 674-680
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Molecular serum markers that can identify early reversible osteoarthritis (OA) in horses are lacking. Objectives We studied serum concentrations of a novel cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) neo-epitope in horses subjected to short-term exercise and with acute lameness. The effects of circadian rhythm and age were also evaluated. Study design Longitudinal studies in healthy horses and cross-sectional comparison of lame and non-lame horses. Methods Sera were collected from five horses before and after short-term interval exercise and during full-day box rest. Sera from 32 acutely lame horses were used to evaluate age-related effects. Independent samples from control horses (n = 41) and horses with acute lameness (n = 71) were included. COMP neo-epitope concentrations were analysed using custom-developed inhibition ELISAs validated for equine serum. The presence of COMP neo-epitope was delineated in healthy and osteoarthritic articular cartilage with immunohistochemistry. Results COMP neo-epitope concentrations decreased after speed training but returned to baseline levels post-exercise. No correlations between age and serum COMP neo-epitope concentrations were found (r = 0.0013). The mean (+/- s.d.) serum concentration of COMP neo-epitope in independent samples from non-lame horses was 0.84 +/- 0.38 mu g/mL, and for lame horses was 5.24 +/- 1.83 mu g/mL (P<0.001). Antibodies against COMP neo-epitope did not stain normal articular cartilage, but intracytoplasmic staining was found in superficial chondrocytes of mild OA cartilage and in the extracellular matrix of moderately osteoarthritic cartilage. Main limitations ELISA was based on polyclonal antisera rather than a monoclonal antibody. There is a sex and breed bias within the groups of horses, also it could have been of value to include horses with septic arthritis and tendonitis and investigated joint differences. Conclusions This COMP neo-epitope can be measured in sera, and results indicate that it could be a biomarker for pathologic fragmentation of cartilage in connection with acute joint lameness.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Ericsson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Resistance exercise improves physical fatigue in women with fibromyalgia : a randomized controlled trial.
- 2016
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In: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362. ; 18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia (FM) affects approximately 1-3 % of the general population. Fatigue limits the work ability and social life of patients with FM. A few studies of physical exercise have included measures of fatigue in FM, indicating that exercise can decrease fatigue levels. There is limited knowledge about the effects of resistance exercise on multiple dimensions of fatigue in FM. The present study is a sub-study of a multicenter randomized controlled trial in women with FM. The purpose of the present sub-study was to examine the effects of a person-centered progressive resistance exercise program on multiple dimensions of fatigue in women with FM, and to investigate predictors of the potential change in fatigue.METHODS: A total of 130 women with FM (age 22-64 years) were included in this assessor-blinded randomized controlled multicenter trial examining the effects of person-centered progressive resistance exercise compared with an active control group. The intervention was performed twice a week for 15 weeks. Outcomes were five dimensions of fatigue measured with the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). Information about background was collected and the women also completed several health-related questionnaires. Multiple linear stepwise regression was used to analyze predictors of change in fatigue in the total population.RESULTS: A higher improvement was found at the post-treatment examination for change in the resistance exercise group, as compared to change in the active control group in the MFI-20 subscale of physical fatigue (resistance group Δ -1.7, SD 4.3, controls Δ 0.0, SD 2.7, p = 0.013), with an effect size of 0.33. Sleep efficiency was the strongest predictor of change in the MFI-20 subscale general fatigue (beta = -0.54, p = 0.031, R (2) = 0.05). Participating in resistance exercise (beta = 1.90, p = 0.010) and working fewer hours per week (beta = 0.84, p = 0.005) were independent significant predictors of change in physical fatigue (R (2) = 0.14).CONCLUSIONS: Person-centered progressive resistance exercise improved physical fatigue in women with FM when compared to an active control group.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01226784 . Registered 21 October 2010.
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| 20. |
- Flodin, Pär, et al.
(author)
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Fibromyalgia is associated with decreased connectivity between pain- and sensorimotor brain areas.
- 2014
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In: Brain Connectivity. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 2158-0014 .- 2158-0022. ; 4:8, s. 587-94
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome characterized by chronic pain without known peripheral causes. Previously, we have reported dysfunctional pain inhibitory mechanisms for FM patients during pain administration. In this study we employed a seed correlation analysis, independent component analysis (ICA), and an analysis of fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF) to study differences between a cohort of female FM patients and an age- and sex-matched healthy control group during a resting-state condition. FM patients showed decreased connectivity between thalamus and premotor areas, between the right insula and primary sensorimotor areas, and between supramarginal and prefrontal areas. Individual sensitivity to painful pressure was associated with increased connectivity between pain-related regions (e.g., insula and thalamus) and midline regions of the default mode network (including posterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex) among patients and controls. However, neither ICA nor fALFF revealed any group differences. Our findings suggest that abnormal connectivity patterns between pain-related regions and the remaining brain during rest reflect an impaired central mechanism of pain modulation in FM. Weaker coupling between pain regions and prefrontal- and sensorimotor areas might indicate a less efficient system level control of pain circuits. Moreover, our results show that multiple, complementary analytical approaches are valuable for obtaining a more comprehensive characterization of deviant resting-state activity. In conclusion, our findings show that FM primarily is associated with decreased connectivity, for example, between several pain-related areas and sensorimotor regions, which could reflect a deficiency in pain regulation.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Ghafouri, Bijar, et al.
(author)
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Swedish Chronic Pain Biobank : protocol for a multicentre registry and biomarker project
- 2022
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In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 12:11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: About 20% of the adult population have chronic pain, often associated with psychological distress, sick leave and poor health. There are large variations in the clinical picture. A biopsychosocial approach is used in investigation and treatment. The concept of personalised medicine, that is, optimising medication types and dosages for individual patients based on biomarkers and other patient-related factors, has received increasing attention in different diseases but used less in chronic pain. This cooperative project from all Swedish University Hospitals will investigate whether there are changes in inflammation and metabolism patterns in saliva and blood in chronic pain patients and whether the changes correlate with clinical characteristics and rehabilitation outcomes.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Patients at multidisciplinary pain centres at University Hospitals in Sweden who have chosen to participate in the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation and healthy sex-matched and age-matched individuals will be included in the study. Saliva and blood samples will be collected in addition to questionnaire data obtained from the register. From the samples, proteins, lipids, metabolites and micro-RNA will be analysed in relation to, for example, diagnosis, pain characteristics, psychological distress, body weight, pharmacological treatment and clinical rehabilitation results using advanced multivariate data analysis and bioinformatics.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study is approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr 2021-04929) and will be conducted in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki.The results will be published in open access scientific journals and in popular scientific relevant journals such as those from patient organisations. Data will be also presented in scientific meetings, meeting with healthcare organisations and disseminated in different lecturers at the clinics and universities.
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| 23. |
- Henrik, Lindblad, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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Europas religiösa byggnader i förändring
- 2017
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In: Alla dessa kyrkor. - Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet. - 1101-3303. - 9789188101068 - 9789188101075 ; , s. 17-39
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 24. |
- Jansson, Sven-Arne, et al.
(author)
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The economic consequences of asthma among adults in Sweden.
- 2007
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In: Respiratory medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 101:11, s. 2263-70
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Asthma is a common disease in most countries. The objective of this study was to estimate the societal costs for subjects with asthma. METHODS: Telephone interviews regarding resource utilization were made in a representative sample of 115 randomly selected subjects with asthma derived from a large population study of obstructive airway diseases. Direct and indirect costs were measured, and the costs were also transformed with the estimated prevalence of asthma in Sweden. RESULTS: Average annual costs were SEK 15919 (USD 1592; EUR 1768) per subject with asthma in the ages between 25 and 56 years. The direct and indirect costs were SEK 4931 (31.0%) and SEK 10988 (69.0%), respectively, and were highly dependent of age and disease severity. Assuming that the prevalence is representative for Sweden as a whole, the asthmatics would amount to 226000 in the ages between 25 and 56 years, corresponding to an overall prevalence in Sweden of 6-7%. The total costs of asthma for the society amounted thus to SEK 3.7 billion in these ages. CONCLUSIONS: The total costs of asthma for the society could be estimated at 3.7 billion SEK in the age range of 25-56 years, and thus approximately twice as high in the whole population of Sweden. The costs were strongly dependent on disease severity and increasing age.
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| 25. |
- Johansson, Eva, et al.
(author)
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A method for estimation of free mica particles in aggregate fine fraction by image analysis of grain mounts
- 2008
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In: Journal of materials engineering and performance (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1059-9495 .- 1544-1024. ; 17:2, s. 250-253
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The need to evaluate free mica grains in fine fraction of aggregate products has initiated the development of a statistically and scientifically acceptable method. The proposed method is based on a modified point-counting approach using digital micro photos of thin sections of aggregate grains and a software package to sustain sample analysis. A thin section of aggregate grains provides permanent sample documentation readily available for complimentary or other analysis. Statistical analysis, together with a repeatable analysis of samples (permanent mounts), confirms the robustness of the method. The method is appropriate as a complementary assessment tool to estimate and trace changes or variations in quality of rock aggregate. Though, the estimation of free mica particles in fine fraction needs to be combined with other analyses, e.g., petrographic analysis and analyses of mechanical properties, to assess the quality of any rock material. As the samples can be collected from drill cuttings, i.e., an accessible residual product obtainable from surveying or production, the present method is particularly useful as a surveying tool and in prospecting and projecting activities.
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| 26. |
- Karlsmo, Emilie, et al.
(author)
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Byggnadstekniska innovationer och socialt liv
- 2013
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In: Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - : Föreningen Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - 0349-2834 .- 2002-3812. ; :66, s. 5-7
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 27. |
- Karlsmo, Emilie, et al.
(author)
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Föreställningar om bebyggelsen och det förflutna
- 2015
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In: Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - : Föreningen Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - 0349-2834 .- 2002-3812. ; :69, s. 5-7
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Larsson, Anette, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Controlled, cross-sectional, multi-center study of physical capacity and associated factors in women with fibromyalgia.
- 2018
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In: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 19:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Health and physical capacity are commonly associated with disease, age, and socioeconomic factors. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the degree to which physical capacity, defined as muscle strength and walking ability, is decreased in women with fibromyalgia (FM), as compared to healthy women, who are matched for age and level of education. The secondary aim was to investigate whether muscle strength and walking ability are associated with age, symptom duration, activity limitations and, Body Mass Index (BMI) in women with FM and control subjects.METHODS: This controlled, cross-sectional, multi-center study comprised 118 women with FM and 93 age- and education-level-matched healthy women. The outcome measures were isometric knee-extension force, isometric elbow-flexion force, isometric hand-grip force, and walking ability. Differences between the groups were calculated, and for the women with FM analyses of correlations between the measures of physical capacity and variables were performed.RESULTS: The women with FM showed 20% (p < 0.001) lower isometric knee-extension force, 36% (p < 0.001) lower isometric elbow-flexion force, 34% (p < 0.001) lower isometric hand-grip force, and 16% lower walking ability (p < 0.001), as compared to the healthy controls. All measures of muscle strength in women with FM showed significant weak to moderate relationship to symptom duration (rs = - 0.23-0.32) and walking ability (rs = 0.25-0.36). Isometric knee-extension force correlated with activity limitations, as measured using the SF-36 Physical function subscale (rs=0.23, p = 0.011).CONCLUSIONS: Physical capacity was considerably decreased in the women with FM, as compared to the age- and education-level-matched control group. All measures of physical capacity showed a significant association with symptom duration. Knee-extension force and walking ability were significantly associated with activity limitations, age, and BMI. It seems important to address this problem and to target interventions to prevent decline in muscle strength. Assessments of muscle strength and walking ability are easy to administer and should be routinely carried out in the clinical setting for women with FM.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identification number: NCT01226784 , Oct 21, 2010.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Larsson, Anette, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Resistance exercise improves muscle strength, health status and pain intensity in fibromyalgia--a randomized controlled trial.
- 2015
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In: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362 .- 1478-6354. ; 17
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by persistent widespread pain, increased pain sensitivity and tenderness. Muscle strength in women with FM is reduced compared to healthy women. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a progressive resistance exercise program on muscle strength, health status, and current pain intensity in women with FM.METHODS: A total of 130 women with FM (age 22-64 years, symptom duration 0-35 years) were included in this assessor-blinded randomized controlled multi-center trial examining the effects of progressive resistance group exercise compared with an active control group. A person-centred model of exercise was used to support the participants' self-confidence for management of exercise because of known risks of activity-induced pain in FM. The intervention was performed twice a week for 15 weeks and was supervised by experienced physiotherapists. Primary outcome measure was isometric knee-extension force (Steve Strong®), secondary outcome measures were health status (FIQ total score), current pain intensity (VAS), 6MWT, isometric elbow-flexion force, hand-grip force, health related quality of life, pain disability, pain acceptance, fear avoidance beliefs, and patient global impression of change (PGIC). Outcomes were assessed at baseline and immediately after the intervention. Long-term follow up comprised the self-reported questionnaires only and was conducted after 13-18 months. Between-group and within-group differences were calculated using non-parametric statistics.RESULTS: Significant improvements were found for isometric knee-extension force (p = 0.010), health status (p = 0.038), current pain intensity (p = 0.033), 6MWT (p = 0.003), isometric elbow flexion force (p = 0.02), pain disability (p = 0.005), and pain acceptance (p = 0.043) in the resistance exercise group (n = 56) when compared to the control group (n = 49). PGIC differed significantly (p = 0.001) in favor of the resistance exercise group at post-treatment examinations. No significant differences between the resistance exercise group and the active control group were found regarding change in self-reported questionnaires from baseline to 13-18 months.CONCLUSIONS: Person-centered progressive resistance exercise was found to be a feasible mode of exercise for women with FM, improving muscle strength, health status, and current pain intensity when assessed immediately after the intervention.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identification number: NCT01226784, Oct 21, 2010.
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| 33. |
- Löfgren, Charlotta, 1961-, et al.
(author)
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Changes in Intimacy and Sexuality During the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Qualitative Analysis of Data from a Survey on Partnered Individuals in Eight European Countries
- 2023
-
In: Sexuality & Culture. - : Springer. - 1095-5143 .- 1936-4822. ; 27:2, s. 693-714
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This qualitative study explores experiences of intimacy and sexuality during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic of 3357 participants from Croatia, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, France, Germany, Portugal, Sweden, and Turkey. Data were collected through open-ended questions within a survey on sexuality during the pandemic. Based on a reflexive thematic analysis three themes occurred. The first theme No change was described by 41% when summarizing their sex life during the pandemic. The second theme Positive change was experienced by 25%, and the third theme Negative change by 21%. An overarching theme then emerged as: "Still the same trajectories, but the pandemic could be a catalyst for improved or worsened sex- life." For those intimate partnered individuals who already had problems with intimacy and sexuality before the COVID-19 pandemic it seemed to remain the same or deteriorated throughout the pandemic. For those with positive experiences of intimacy and sexuality before the COVID-19 pandemic it remained the same or improved throughout the pandemic. These findings are relevant for researchers and clinicians in developing preventive and supportive interventions in the context of crisis and social isolation.
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| 34. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971
(author)
-
A spatial history of Swedish rural courts
- 2021
-
In: I Modéer, Kjell Å (red.). Legal History. Reflecting the past and the present Current perspectives for the future. - Stockholm : Institutet för rättshistorisk forskning. - 0534-2724. - 9789186645151 ; , s. 142-156
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 35. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971
(author)
-
Att sälja en kyrka
- 2017
-
In: Alla dessa kyrkor. Kulturarv, religion och politik. - Göteborg : Institutionen för kulturvård, Göteborgs universitet. - 1101-3303. - 9789188101068 ; , s. 203-227
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971
(author)
-
Brott och straff. Inledning.
- 2016
-
In: Hus Människor Minnen. Om byggnadsminnen i Västra Götalands län.. - : Bohusläns museums förlag. - 0280-4174. - 9789176862742 ; , s. 194-200
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 40. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971
(author)
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Close, yet far away – On spatial integration and segregation in Swedish district courts
- 2012
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In: Konferens Gardens of Justice Stockholm 2012.09.14-2012.09.16. - 9789163714993
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The issue of spatial distance and proximity has always been important to those involved in legal proceedings, even though it has rarely been articulated or documented. This paper will expose the on- going friction between two similar spatial polarities, integration and segregation, as they appear through the changes of Swedish rural district courthouses during the last 200 years. The scale of the analysis will vary from an urban planning perspective, to the spatial organization within the individual courthouse and courtroom. By setting out from the 17th century situation where permanent localities still constituted exceptions to the rule of ambulant courts, I will display how the law of 1734 fixed and segregated legal proceedings not only spatially but also architecturally. Nevertheless, as a continuation of past habits, the first dedicated courthouses were still multi-functional buildings, both socially and spatially integrated into everyday life. By the turn of the 20th century though, the court had withdrawn behind hedges and lawns, and all aspects of the courthouse and court’s grounds communicated spatial segregation. Finally I will discuss current court architecture and show in what way legal proceedings are, both fundamentally integrated into the urban spatial grid, and fundamentally segregated, secured or excluded - within the city as well as within the actual building.
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| 41. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971, et al.
(author)
-
Conservation Professionals and Religious Heritage
- 2023
-
In: In T. Weir & L. Wijnia (Ed.). The Bloomsbury Handbook of Religion and Heritage in Contemporary Europe. - London : Bloomsbury Academic. ; , s. 271-279
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Theoretically, in a secular political system, legislation and governance are to be free from religious content, neutral to different religious affiliations, and should uphold the citizens’ right to religious freedom. Sweden took a critical step in this direction when formally separating the state from the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the year 2000. However, the remaining institutional and legal bonds indicate an ongoing relationship that few appear willing to break. Today, as society is confronted with a great variety of religious belongings, the profound and very practical intertwinement of what is perceived as “culture” and “religion” has become clear. The field of heritage conservation is no exception. Conservation professionals in public service are, in their everyday practice, continuously managing this intertwinement—while at the same time, they are expected to follow legislative frames based on a clear-cut boundary between culture and religion. This chapter aims to take the Swedish situation as a point of departure to explore some of the critical challenges that conservation professionals face when handling church buildings as the cultural heritage of a secular state. It starts with a brief depiction of the historically close relationship between religious sites and professional heritage conservation in Sweden. It explores how contemporary post-colonial critique and bottom-up, user-oriented ideology have merged in the so-called living heritage approach now used in heritage practice. Finally, it delves into the legislative situation that shapes how conservation professionals view ongoing religious worship as a prerequisite for but also as a potential threat to safeguarding historic church buildings.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971
(author)
-
Ekoby- är det ett alternativ?
- 2012
-
In: Byggnadskultur. - 0348-6885. ; 2012:2, s. 10-17
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 44. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971
(author)
-
En plan för kyrkorna i Vara pastorat
- 2017
-
In: Alla dessa kyrkor. - Göteborg : Institutionen för kulturvård, Göteborgs universitet. - 1101-3303. - 9789188101068 ; , s. 285-297
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 45. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971, et al.
(author)
-
Forskning och kunskapsutveckling Svenska kyrkans materiella kulturarv 2015-2022
- 2024
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vilka forskare och kunskapsaktörer arbetar med Svenska kyrkans materiella kulturarv idag, vilka teman dominerar fältet och hur förhåller de sig till tidigare forskning? Det är frågor som besvaras i denna översikt, som tar sin utgångspunkt i en systematisk genomgång av aktuella forsknings- och kunskapsprojekt. Syftet är att identifiera, beskriva och diskutera den forskning och kunskap om Svenska kyrkans materiella kulturarv som har producerats i akademiska miljöer under åren 2015-2022. Översikten omfattar publicerade resultat (artiklar, rapporter, böcker, filmer) och examensarbeten, men tar också upp pågående projekt. Den inkluderar arbeten som har tillkommit i samverkan mellan ett lärosäte och kunskapsaktörer inom kulturmiljösektorn eller Svenska kyrkan, eller som på annat sätt har stark anknytning till en akademisk miljö. Några internationella nedslag görs i syfte att ge perspektiv på den svenska forskningens inriktning och luckor. Arbetet utgör en fortsättning på översikten som presenterades 2014 (Persson mfl. 2014).
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| 46. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971
(author)
-
Franska kyrkor som kulturarv
- 2017
-
In: Alla dessa kyrkor. Kulturarv, religion och politik. - Göteborg : Institutionen för kulturvård, Göteborgs universitet. - 1101-3303. - 9789188101068 ; , s. 41-57
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 47. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971, et al.
(author)
-
Historiography of Swedish Building Types
- 2016
-
In: Konsthistorisk Tidskrift. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0023-3609 .- 1651-2294. ; 85:1, s. 8-28
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article investigates Swedish building type research as a methodological genre formed by the idea that architectural history is a history of construction tasks and functions. Departing from an analysis of 50 studies carried out mainly by art historians and ethnologists, we delineate the formation of a genre, its characteristics and changes over time. As the concept of building type can refer either to form or to function, we argue that it is necessary to pinpoint the scope of building type studies. Otherwise, when speaking of activity types as if they were synonymous with form types, there has been a tendency to omit from architectural history those buildings that were not planned to serve the function they eventually came to hold. The starting place of the methodology is the early twentieth-century mapping activities of Nordiska museet, initially covering peasant settlements and manors. Following this era, the Svensk stad project introduced function as the central point of departure for built environment studies. The third stage is the development of a professional conservation practice, which, in the 1960's, brought critique of the modernist post-war rebuilding programmes and emphasised sustainability. Finally, most building type studies have abandoned their buildings at the moment when they are ready for use, or even earlier. We suggest that, to comprehend a building's historical function and significance, we need to include reconstructions and modifications, both blueprints and usage. Such research may open doors to new possibilities, which will require a deepening of theoretical outsets and methodologies.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Löfgren, Eva, 1971, et al.
(author)
-
När Gud blir sambo med kulturen
- 2014
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In: Svenska Dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; :23 februari, s. 6-7
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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