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- Sjögren Forss, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Physical activity in relation to wellbeing among newly arrived refugees in Sweden
- 2020
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In: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 30:s5
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- BackgroundIn the light of the growing number of refugees that the world has faced during the last years it is reasonable to suggest that the number with both physiological and mental health needs will raise and result in increased public health challenges. Physical activity with its well documented positive impact on both mental and physical health might be one way for refugees to promote health. The importance of investigating participation in physical activity in this group and the impact it might have on their health and wellbeing cannot be underestimated. Few studies exists in the field and therefore, this study aimed to investigate physical activity in relation to mental well-being, vitality, stress and sleep quality among newly arrived refugees in Sweden. MethodsThe study was based on the results from a survey, conducted in 2015 - 2016 among newly arrived adult refugees who spoke Arabic, Pashto, Somali or Dari, participated in a mandatory public integration support programme in the Scania region of Sweden and agreed to participate in the survey. Ultimately 681 participants completed the survey (a response rate of 39,5%). ResultsWe found a significant association between physical activity and mental well-being, vitality, stress and sleep quality among newly arrived refugees.ConclusionsNewly arrived refugees need to be informed about the importance of prioritising physical activity for their health and wellbeing, regardless of their external circumstances, and supported in their attempts to do so.Key messages There is a significant association between physical activity and mental well-being, vitality, stress and sleep quality among newly arrived refugees.Newly arrived refugees need to be informed about the importance of prioritising physical activity for their health and wellbeing, and supported in their attempts to do so.
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- Bröms, G., et al.
(author)
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Disease characteristics at time of diagnosis of adult onset inflammatory bowel disease and the risk of venous thromboembolism in the modern era - A Swedish nationwide cohort study 2007-2021
- 2024
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In: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis. - : Oxford University Press. - 1873-9946 .- 1876-4479. ; 18:Suppl. 1, s. I1945-I1947
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background: Studies from mainly before the wide use of targeted therapies and guidelines for thromboprophylaxis indicate that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a doubled risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We studied the risk of VTE in a modern-day cohort of patients with IBD, overall and in subgroups of disease characteristics.Methods: Using Swedish healthcare registers, we identified a nationwide population-based cohort of 55,252 patients with incident IBD between 2007 and 2021 with a median follow-up time of 6.5 years. Patients were matched by age, sex, calendar year and county of residence with up to ten reference individuals from the general population (N=536,067). The primary outcome was VTE, including pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis. Incidence rates per 1,000 person-years and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for IBD in general and according to disease subtype, sex, age and disease characteristics at diagnosis. HRs stratified by matching variables (model 1) and additionally adjusted for comorbidities and socioeconomic factors (model 2) were estimated by using Cox regression.Results: The incidence rate of VTE among patients with IBD was 5.03 per 1,000 person-years compared with 2.34 per 1,000 person-years among reference individuals (Table 1). This corresponded to a doubled incidence of VTE (HR=2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.07-2.29, model 1). Adjusting further for covariates in model 2 had only minor effects on the HR. The HR was consistent across IBD subtypes and sex. The relative risk was higher for those with younger age (18-39 years) at IBD diagnosis (HR 2.52, 95% CI: 2.22-2.83) with a risk difference of 1.25 per 1,000 person-years. The IR, 10.64 per 1,000 person-years, and risk difference, 5.42 per 1,000 person-years, was the highest for those with elderly onset (≥60 years) IBD. There was a stronger association for those with extensive ulcerative colitis (E3), primary sclerosing cholangitis, extraintestinal manifestations and perianal disease. HRs for VTE were persistently elevated across follow-up time, but was higher during the first year of follow-up (Figure 1).Conclusion: The risk of VTE was doubled in these modern-day data and remained elevated across follow-up time. Disease characteristics associated with higher inflammatory burden at diagnosis and older age are markers of increased risk. This underscores the importance of continuous vigilance and individual assessment of risk factors for VTE in patients with IBD.
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- Forss, M., et al.
(author)
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Current practice of glucocorticoid replacement therapy and patient-perceived health outcomes in adrenal insufficiency - a worldwide patient survey
- 2012
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In: BMC Endocrine Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6823. ; 12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The aim was to survey current practice in glucocorticoid replacement therapy and self-perceived health outcomes in patients with adrenal insufficiency. Methods: Participants were recruited via patient organizations to respond anonymously to a web-based survey developed by clinical experts. Unique entries were set up for each patient organization enabling geographical localization of the entries. Results: 1245 participants responded (primary adrenal insufficiency: 84%; secondary adrenal insufficiency: 11%; unsure: 5%). Therapies included hydrocortisone (75%), prednisone/prednisolone (11%), cortisone acetate (6%) and dexamethasone (4%). Dosing regimens were once daily (10%), twice daily (42%), thrice daily (32%) or other (17%). Compromised subjective health necessitating changes to physical activity or social-, work-or family life was reported by 64% of the participants. 40% of the participants reported absence from work/school in the last 3 months. Irrespective of diagnosis, 76% were concerned about long-term side-effects of therapy, mainly osteoporosis (78%), obesity (64%) and cardiovascular morbidity (46%). 38% of the participants had been hospitalized in the last year. Conclusions: Glucocorticoid replacement therapy among the respondents consisted primarily of hydrocortisone administered twice or thrice daily. A majority reported impact of their disease or treatment on subjective health requiring alterations in e. g. physical activity or family life. Three quarters reported concerns about long-term side-effects of the treatment. These data demonstrate - from the patients' perspective - a need for improvement in the management of adrenal insufficiency.
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- Fridolfsson, Emil, et al.
(author)
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Förstudie kring hållbar vattenförsörjning i södra Sverige
- 2021
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Dricksvatten är vårt viktigaste livsmedel men detta rena vatten används även för bevattningsändamål, i vårt avloppssystem och inom industrin. Våra samlade vattenresurser ger dessutom ekosystemtjänster i form av fiske, rekreationsvärde m.m. (Bergek m. fl., 2017). Trots att Sverige är ett mycket vattenrikt land sett ur ett internationellt perspektiv har vattenbrist uppstått i flera delar av landet under senare år. Vidare förväntas pågående och kommande klimatförändringar, befolkningstillväxt och urbanisering påverka vattenkvaliteten negativt samt öka konkurrensen om vatten ytterligare (IPCC, 2014; SMHI, 2020a). Med ökad konkurrens uppstår dessutom målkonflikter mellan olika viktiga samhällsfunktioner. Det finns således ett stort behov av tvärsektoriell forskning samt policyutveckling för att säkerställa en hållbar framtida vattenförsörjning.Denna rapport syftar till att sammanställa kunskapsläget vad gäller förutsättningarna för en hållbar vattenförsörjning i Kronobergs län. Först beskrivs tillgång och uttag av dricksvatten i Kronoberg i jämförelse med Kalmar och Skåne län samt förutsättningarna för god framtida vattenkvalitet med Bolmen som exempel. Därefter fokuserar vi på de målkonflikter som kan förväntas uppstå kring dricksvattnet och diskuterar slutligen de kunskapsluckor samt det behov av tvärsektoriell forskning och samhällsutveckling som behövs för en hållbar vattenförsörjning.
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- Makela, J. P., et al.
(author)
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Cortical Excitability Measured with nTMS and MEG during Stroke Recovery
- 2015
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In: Neural Plasticity. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-5904 .- 1687-5443.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective. Stroke alters cortical excitability both in the lesioned and in the nonlesioned hemisphere. Stroke recovery has been studied using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Spontaneous brain oscillations and somatosensory evoked fields (SEFs) measured by magnetoencephalography (MEG) are modified in stroke patients during recovery. Methods. We recorded SEFs and spontaneous MEG activity and motor threshold (MT) short intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) with navigated TMS (nTMS) at one and three months after first-ever hemispheric ischemic strokes. Changes of MEG and nTMS parameters attributed to gamma-aminobutyrate and glutamate transmission were compared. Results. ICF correlated with the strength and extent of SEF source areas depicted by MEG at three months. The nTMS MT and event-related desynchronization (ERD) of beta-band MEG activity and SICI and the beta-band MEG event-related synchronization (ERS) were correlated, but less strongly. Conclusions. This first report using sequential nTMS and MEG in stroke recovery found intra-and interhemispheric correlations of nTMS and MEG estimates of cortical excitability. ICF and SEF parameters, MT and the ERD of the lesioned hemisphere, and SICI and ERS of the nonlesioned hemisphere were correlated. Covarying excitability in the lesioned and nonlesioned hemispheres emphasizes the importance of the hemispheric balance of the excitability of the sensorimotor system.
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