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1.
  • Anna, Malm, 1978, et al. (author)
  • Production start-up phase - A comparison between New Product Development and Production Relocation
  • 2012
  • In: Proceedings of the 5th International Swedish Production Symposium. - 9789175197524 ; , s. 593-598
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • New product development in a globalized industrial environment with a constant increasing competition, challenges the ways to perform production start-up and production relocation. A product development process focuses in general on product function and to avoid product quality problems. A production relocation focus also on avoiding product quality problems, but relocation is mostly related to forgotten or misunderstood information. The challenging situation due to a more global market is the increasing need for production relocation. In this paper, a literature review is performed investigating these three areas and relate them with industrial experience from production relocations. To summaries, the existing processes in industry today seem to be based on processes for product development. The results view that effectiveness in production relocation are dependent on technology and knowledge transfer and the production start-up process.
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2.
  • Bergström, Karl, et al. (author)
  • The MIMIC construction logistics game : facilitating group discussion and understanding of construction logistics through gameplay
  • 2020
  • In: IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The aim of this study is to describe the development of an innovative planning tool to promote the knowledge and collaboration needed to overcome challenges in the sanitation sector. A serious game was designed to share knowledge about resource recovery and support attitude-change and collaboration between stakeholders. This study documents the co-design process of game development from conception based on a set of specifications the game should achieve, through iterative testing with relevant stakeholders as players. The resulting prototype of the game showed that it was not possible to include all the original desired specifications in the final game. Stakeholders found that the game was engaging, stimulated creativity and achieved its goal.
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3.
  • Brusselaers, Nicolas, 1993-, et al. (author)
  • Economic, social and environmental impact assessment for off-site construction logistics: the data availability issue
  • 2020
  • In: World Sustainable Built Environment - Beyond 2020. - : IOP Publishing.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Introduction. The ongoing urbanization trend makes local governments densify their built environment, hence stimulating construction and renovation works in urban areas. Construction intrinsically strongly relies on logistics activities, which in turn are the source of environmental nuisances. The latter are referred to as external costs when they are not borne by the polluter himself, such as greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, congestion, etc. Accurate external cost calculations require accurate data to consider significant calculation-variables. However, current calculations are often based on the number of vehicles used and on transported volume rather than vehicle- or tonne-kilometres, hence not adequate to conduct external cost calculations. Methods. The MIMIC-project1 aims to reduce the impact of construction logistics. Therefore, an integrated impact assessment framework will be developed, assessing the economic and environmental influence of different off-site construction logistics solutions. The necessary data to conduct such an impact assessment are however not always available, complicating calculations. This paper highlights the current gap in accurate data on urban construction logistics flows, the considerable uncertainty about existing figures on construction transport and their methodology, and presents the data availability issue in the development of such a framework, using empirical research. Results. Logistics flows data are typically scattered amongst different actors and various in format. Harmonizing different data categories and sources to feed the framework with relevant logistics variables, this paper presents what is possible to calculate using available data in 4 pilot cases in Belgium, Sweden, Norway and Austria. The various data sources highlight the complexity to develop a framework flexible enough to cope with specific local constraints, whilst generic enough to allow comparability across the European cases, and ultimately across construction logistics globally. Furthermore, a shift is needed towards other data collection methods (GPS, digital waybills etc.). Conclusions. This paper presents the data availability issue in the development of an impact assessment framework for construction logistics, harmonizing different data sources in order to conduct external cost calculations for construction transport.
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4.
  • Bäckstrand, Jenny, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • The role of supplier information availability for construction supply chain performance
  • 2022
  • In: Production planning & control (Print). - : Taylor & Francis. - 0953-7287 .- 1366-5871. ; 33:9-10, s. 863-874
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The lack of coordination of the construction supply chain (CSC) creates a chain of problems. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to knowledge about coordination within CSCs and how the lack thereof can impact their supply chain performance. Coordination encompasses several different mechanisms, whereof focus here has been information sharing with the unit of analysis suppliers’ information availability. Four suppliers active within the CSC, delivering to several different projects have been studied. These represent two different delivery patterns, continuous and intermittent deliveries. Based on the analysis of their information availability are two propositions made; (1) due to the loose couplings and the lack of understanding among main contractors of the value of information sharing, suppliers with continuous supply have an information advantage due to their presence on site, (2) suppliers can enhance their information availability, by increasing their service offering to customers.
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6.
  • Eriksson, Victor, 1990, et al. (author)
  • The role of public actors in construction logistics: effects on and of relational interfaces
  • 2021
  • In: Construction Management and Economics. - Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-433X .- 0144-6193. ; 39:10, s. 791-806
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Public actors are increasingly enforcing the use of specifically designed construction logistics setups (CLS) to cope with logistical challenges and minimising disturbances on third parties in large construction projects. The organising of these CLS is contingent on the interaction among several types of actors. The purpose of the paper is to advance the understanding of the design and use of CLS and the distribution of various outcomes of such arrangements on the actors involved. The paper analyses the role of public actors in the initiating of CLS and how this affects the relational interfaces in the CLS triad of developers, contractors and logistics service providers, and the outcomes of their interactions. First, the main reason for a public actor to initiate a CLS is not cost, productivity or innovativity gains, but to decrease disturbances on third parties. Second, developers and contractors are forced to use the CLS initiated by the public actor. This makes them take on a forced customer role, explaining why these actors are often resistant to adopt to a certain CLS. Third, ripple effects, such as unintended costs and productivity impacts, occur in the construction supply chain because of the use of CLS.
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7.
  • Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Circular soil and rock masses – a public-private relational mess
  • 2023
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Sweden is at EU bottom of circular soil and rock masses. The purpose of this study is to capture the relationship between the overall system and subsystems of circular soil and rock masses to identify barriers to establishing efficient circular soil and rock material flows. The main hinders are lateness of action, legislation, and lack of information sharing. This together creates a relational mess between the subsystems, leading to a lack of understanding of how to act. The relations must be clarified before public procurement will have its intended impact to increase circularity and decrease transport emissions.
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8.
  • Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Creating stakeholder awareness in construction logistics by means of the MAMCA
  • 2021
  • In: City and Environment Interactions. - : Elsevier. - 2590-2520. ; 11
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The temporariness of construction supply chains, in combination with the multiplicity of stakeholders complicates the organization of construction logistics. The problem for cities today is not the construction materials’ transports as such, it is how to ensure accessibility and mobility for stakeholders during the construction time. In general, there is no tradition of including different stakeholder perspectives when evaluating construction logistics setups. However, in other urban freight transport applications, multi-stakeholder dialogues are more common, and one methodology suggested and used as a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method is the Multi-Actor Multi-Criteria Analysis (MAMCA). In this paper we develop a customized methodology for applying MAMCA in a construction logistics context, gradually refining the methodology along five cases in three different countries. We show how MAMCA must be adapted to fit the construction context. The main differences are: (1) predefined construction logistics alternatives, (2) predefined actors and criteria groups, and (3) the possibility of using the method in role play to create awareness of stakeholder views in homogenous groups. The methodology proved to be valuable for (1) identifying relevant stakeholders and their criteria, (2) identifying and understanding stakeholders’ preferences regarding construction logistics, and (3) creating awareness of the need to initiate construction logistics in a project. Furthermore, it showed the need to clarify whom is to take responsibility for initiating the use of construction logistics setups.
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9.
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10.
  • Fredriksson, Anna, Professor, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Making logistics a central core in complex construction projects: a power-dependency analysis
  • 2024
  • In: Construction Management and Economics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0144-6193 .- 1466-433X. ; , s. 1-14
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In complex projects, such as hospital constructions, there are large interdependencies betweenthe actors involved, especially relating to the flow of materials and resources. As new hospitalbuildings are often built on existing blocks and campuses, ongoing hospital operations may hinderlogistics and construction operations and vice versa. To handle these issues, it has becomeincreasingly common to implement construction logistics setups (CLSs). The purpose of thepaper is to analyse how the centrality of the CLS in the project organization affects the coordinationand conflict level in complex construction project management using a power dependencylens. The study is based on case studies of six hospital projects in the Nordic countries.Based on a cross-case analysis it is identified that: 1) from a logistics management perspectivewe identify three different foci of the CLS; i) security for hospital patients and staff, ii) on-sitematerial flow coordination, and iii) flow coordination to and from site, and 2) from a projectmanagement perspective the main findings point towards the importance of centrality of theCLS in the project management organisation in order to ensure enough power to mandateenforcement of coordination.
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11.
  • Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Technology transfer as apart of the business : Inter-organizational transfer strategies based on experiences of aircraft production
  • 2019
  • In: Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2398-5364 .- 2398-5372. ; 12:1, s. 151-171
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • PurposeThe purpose of this paper is through a literature study and a study of the Saab offset cases to identify strategies to increase inter-organizational transfer capability.Design/Methodology/ApproachBased on a literature study and a study of three of Saab’s offset cases and Saab’s process for technology transfer.FindingsThis study has identified inter-organisational transfer strategies based on the importance of the hierarchy of decision-making and the change from capacity transfers to capability transfers in offset business. 1) The type of performance goals set in the business agreement decides how to realise the transfer. 2) The hierarchy of decision-making create a need to align the understanding of the performance goals between the different parts of the organisation, which affect the plans for how to transfer knowledge between the organizational as well as the individual levels. 3) To reach the performance goals of the technology transfer there need to be a balance between the disseminative capability of the sender and the absorptive capability of the receiver. LimitationsThis study is based on a single case within a relatively unique industry with an offset perspective and production transfers. Therefore, there is also a need for future studies to confirm the identified relationships within outsourcing/offset within other industries and other types of transfers.Originality/value: A change from capacity transfers to capability transfers in both outsourcing/offshoring and offset business indicates that more research should be placed on the disseminative capacity of the sender. The literature review revealed that the disseminative capacity of the sender has been the subject of less research than the absorptive capacity of the receiver.
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12.
  • Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Using computer based multi-actor multi-criteria evaluation methods in master logistics classes
  • 2018
  • In: EurOMA 2018 Proceedings. - : EurOMA.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The purpose is to provide insights into how to integrate a computer-based evaluation tool to improve the understanding of different perspectives when the teaching of logistics at masters’ level. This study has had an action research approach to student centred learning by introducing a theme of cross-functional decision making through combining lecturing, case assignment and computer based tools. What can be seen is that this inclusion has filled a gap in the education and course. Adding the combination of the preparatory case work and the computer exercise gave the students the activity independence and gave room for new reflections.
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13.
  • Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • What are the differences between related offset and outsourcing? : A case study of a related offset business at Saab
  • 2016
  • In: International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1470-6075 .- 1741-5284. ; 14:2, s. 132-149
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Recently, offset contracts have become more complex. For the seller to carry through and review the effects and the demands of an offset contract, they need a framework.The paper identifies five main differences between outsourcing and related offset, which are translated into activities to be included in a suggested related offset framework. The paper is based on an in-depth case study of a related offset business at Saab, a Swedish military aircraft producer. The analysis compared the studied case with an existing outsourcing process identified in literature. The paper contributes by providing an overview of the activities taking place during a related offset process and showing the effect of the different hierarchical levels involved in the process on the efficiency of the fulfilment of the offset business. This paper is based on a single case study, and the suggested differences should be verified through further case studies.
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14.
  • Gremyr, Ida, 1975, et al. (author)
  • Blueprinting construction logistics services for quality improvement
  • 2023
  • In: Construction Management and Economics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-433X .- 0144-6193. ; 41:1, s. 60-78
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Construction logistics services can, if implemented with high quality, positively impact both efficiency and sustainability of construction projects. However, present quality management frameworks have not been developed for temporary multi-actor contexts, such as construction, which is largely lacking industrialised processes. Still, construction logistics service providers provide service offerings to temporary settings and could thus benefit from a service quality perspective. Applying this perspective, this study supports the quality improvement of construction logistics services by using a service modularity approach to identify the services to prioritise for improvement. Building on interviews, concept mapping, and a service blueprint of a construction logistics setup, a priority matrix for improvements is developed. The first step in using this matrix is to operationalise the construction logistics setup in modules based on blueprinting. Second, the matrix evaluates the modules against nine empirically derived improvement enablers such as practices and forums for learning, and data measurements enabling the comparison and followup of construction logistics services. In conclusion, the priority matrix helps focus the improvements on modules with high likelihood of successful improvements. Improvements that can become sustained over time through the reuse of standardised modules in upcoming projects.
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15.
  • Janné, Mats, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Construction logistics governing guidelines in urban development projects
  • 2019
  • In: Construction Innovation. - : EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1471-4175 .- 1477-0857. ; 19:1, s. 89-109
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Purpose: Construction logistics centres (CLC) is one possible solution to manage logistics flows in urban construction projects. The aim of CLC’s are to decrease disturbances to the surrounding environment and to improve logistics flows and the planning of the same to construction sites. However, as CLC’s is a new phenomenon, there is a lack of research with regards to how CLC’s are experienced by stakeholders utilising and/or running them. Therefore, the paper answers two research questions relating to the experiences of threedifferent stakeholder groups using a CLC in a large development project.Design/methodology/approach: An exploratory single case research design was chosen to explain how the utilisation and governance of a CLC has been experienced by three main contractors, the CLC operator and the municipality initiating the CLC. Case study methodology is a valid choice when the context and experiences are critical to understanding the phenomenon comprehensively.Data has been collected through interviews, site visits, observations and documentation. Findings: There is potential in utilising CLC’s in development projects, and positive aspects such as consolidation effects and enhanced planning efforts were found. What is evident however, is that the design and implementation of CLC’s must be based on comprehensive stakeholder analysis and clear governance strategies to lay the foundation for a good construction process for the main contractors. Aspects to consider when designing a CLC governance strategy identified were: customer clarification, multi-stakeholder logistics analysis, and information.Research implications: Problems and possibilities in utilising CLC’s are explored and future research directions are presented. Further research is needed to verify the findings from SRS. With the novelty of CLC’s, it would be useful to study other CLC projects and different solutions as well. Practical implications: Contractors, TPL providers, and municipalities can find inspiration for how to design and implement CLC governance strategies based on experiences from the SRS case.Originality/value: This paper contributes by highlighting contextual aspects affecting the experiences of using and operating CLC’s from different stakeholder perspectives.
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16.
  • Janné, Mats, 1979- (author)
  • Construction Logistics in a City Development Setting
  • 2020
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • With the current urbanization trend, there is an increased need for city development, i.e. to build apartment buildings, hospitals, schools and infrastructure in cities and urban areas to meet the rising demands. At the same time, land is increasingly seen as a finite resource. This has led to the regeneration of decommissioned industrial-use land for development purposes. This means that multiple individual construction projects are being built in the same or nearby areas during the same time-period. However, the end products of construction projects are produced at their place of consumption, which means that large quantities of materials and resources need to be delivered to, and removed from, each construction site. This leads to new transport flows being created in connection to city development. These transport flows need to be coordinated to ensure efficient construction productivity and reduce the transports’ environmental and social impact on the urban transport system. At the same time, it is important to ensure that construction sites can be managed from a logistics perspective without impairing efficiency due to the challenges of building in urban environments.One way of managing logistics to and from construction projects in city development is through so-called construction logistics setups (CLS). However, the implementation of CLS’s affect many different stakeholders and the interorganizational relationships between them. The implementation of CLS’s therefore faces three challenges; management of transport to and from construction sites, management of logistics at construction sites, and managing the interorganizational relationships amongst construction project stakeholders. The development of CLS’s is often undertaken by mimicking previous setups as there is currently no guiding procedure for developing and implementing CLS’s. To reduce the ad hoc approach to developing and implementing CLS’s, the purpose of this dissertation is to propose a framework for developing construction logistics setups. The purpose is fulfilled with the aid of the following four research questions:RQ1:   Taking the perspectives of different stakeholders’, why are CLS’s implemented?RQ2:   What type of CLS services are offered?RQ3:   How can performance effects of CLS’s be measured?RQ4:   How do CLS’s affect the identified challenges of managing the transports to and from construction sites, managing logistics at construction sites, and managing the interorganizational relationships amongst construction project stakeholders?To answer the research questions, three main methodologies have been used; literature reviews to inform the background of the studies and develop analytical frameworks, and case study and Delphi research for the empirical studies. In fulfilling the research purpose, the findings of this dissertation suggests that when developing a CLS, three activities need to be considered; 1. setting the scope of the CLS, 2. deciding on the structure of the CLS, and 3. managing the interorganizational relationships of the CLS. These activities are the foundation of the developed framework. The contents of the activities were derived through the research questions.When answering RQ1, it was found that contractors implement CLS’s to ensure construction productivity, developers implement CLS’s to reduce disturbances to businesses and residents nearby, and municipalities implement CLS’s to reduce disturbances to third-parties and to reduce the impact from construction logistics on the urban transport system. These stakeholder drivers for implementing CLS’s will impact the scope of the CLS. Furthermore, the scope of the CLS was found to be dependent on both the contextual considerations of the CLS in terms of physical context at site and in terms of what is being built, as well as the organizational context in terms of what stakeholders are part of the project, where in the hierarchy the CLS is located, and what level of mandate the CLS has. The scope will also set the terms for how transports are managed through the CLS. If for instance there is limited space at site, this can imply that time-planned deliveries are favoured. In answering RQ2, it was found that as a consequence of what transport management approach is chosen, the structure of the CLS will differ. This dissertation shows that asset-based setups are similar to traditional logistics outsourcing and TPL in which physical distribution services are offered. Non-asset based services on the other hand act more as supply chain orchestrators similar to fourth-party logistics service providers. In these cases, supplied services are aimed more at ensuring that the right services and capabilities can be procured for the CLS. One value-adding service that was found crucial to include in CLS’s is a joint booking and planning system. Having this type of support systems will allow the CLS to coordinate the different stakeholders connected to the CLS. Related to the structure of the CLS, RQ3 suggest that performance needs to be monitored for deliveries, on-site logistics, and the coordination of logistics activities on and off site. The performance monitoring needs to be developed from a logistics point-of-view, taking into consideration the different stakeholders’ perspectives. Finally, in answering RQ4, it was found that a CLS can affect the identified challenges positively. In essence, a CLS aims at managing construction logistics and if developed and implemented from this notion, transports to and from site as well as on-site logistics management can become more efficient. Additionally, the dissertation shows that CLS’s can help in managing the interorganizational relationships within the construction project(s). However, this builds on the notion of having well-developed and communicated service offerings and regulations, e.g. through business and governance models. It was also found that the activities of the framework are interrelated and dependent on one another, suggesting that developing construction logistics setups is an iterative process. The proposed framework should thus be seen as a guideline for how to develop the setup, allowing for adaptations of the setup to the context for which it is developed.
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17.
  • Janné, Mats, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Construction logistics in urban development projects – learning from, or repeating, past mistakes of city logistics?
  • 2021
  • In: The International Journal of Logistics Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0957-4093. ; 33:5, s. 49-68
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Purpose – The construction industry is reluctant to utilize construction logistics centres (CLC). To understand why, the purpose of the study is to increase the understanding of drivers and challenges of CLC utilization.Design/methodology/approach – Adopting an activity-based cost methodology, nine construction projects’ CLC utilization in a Swedish urban development project is analyzed for a time period of three years (2013–2016).Findings – There is a difference between drivers and challenges for implementing and utilizing CLCs, which are often implemented to reduce third-party disturbances. The drivers to utilize a CLC, however, stem from achieving efficient logistics. The authors identify two different utilization strategies; the CLC is used either for just-in-time (JIT) deliveries or as a consolidation point.Research limitations/implications – The study shows that construction logistics is to some extent repeating some mistakes of its big brother, city logistics. The study hypothesizes that there are differences between CLC implementation and utilization drivers and challenges that are often overlooked, which can explain the lack of CLC utilization.Practical implications – The study shows that it is crucial for construction projects to develop and formulate a logistics strategy for how to utilize the setup, i.e. deciding whether to use the setup as aconsolidation point leading to fewer deliveries and more materials on-site, or as JIT, leading to more deliveriesbut fewer materials on-site.Social implications – CLCs can reduce environmental impact and third-party disturbances. However, tomake this come true, acceptance among the users is needed. The study provides understanding of drivers and barriers for CLC implementation and utilization that can increase acceptance among users (i.e. construction projects).Originality/value – The current study is one of the first studies to analyze CLC utilization.
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18.
  • Janné, Mats, 1979- (author)
  • Construction Logistics Solutions in Urban Areas
  • 2018
  • Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • More and more people are living in, or moving to, urban areas than ever before. This attraction to urban areas means that new houses and work places are needed. Building new houses or renovating older housing stock is a natural way for a city to evolve. However, the end products of construction projects are produced at their place of consumption. This means that a multitude of materials and resources need to be delivered to, and removed from, each construction site. This leads to new transport flows being created in urban areas. In urban areas, these transports are subjected to space limitations, environmental demands, accessibility demands and noise restrictions. This has led to a situation where material deliveries to construction sites needs to be coordinated and managed in ways that reduce their impact on the urban transport system and at the same time ensuring efficient construction projects.In essence, construction in urban areas faces two problems; the urban transport problem and the problem of coordinating multiple construction stakeholders. One way to address these problems is through the use of construction logistics solutions such as terminals (e.g. construction logistics centres) and checkpoints. The aim of both types of solutions is to control and coordinate construction transports. In the construction industry, these solutions are however, still a rather new phenomenon. This means that how these solutions are perceived by different stakeholders, and the effect the solutions have on material flows and costs, needs to be explored further.The purpose of this thesis is to explore how construction logistics solutions can be used as a means to coordinate material flows to ensure efficient construction and reduce disturbances on the urban transport system. To achieve this purpose, the following research questions have been addressed:RQ1:   How are different stakeholders in the construction industry affected by construction logistics solutions?RQ2:   How will the use of construction logistics solutions affect material flows and costs in urban construction projects?To answer the research questions two main methodologies have been used; case study research for the empirical studies and literature reviews for the analysis of the case studies as well as for understanding how supply chain management, logistics, and third-party logistics affects the inter-organizational relationships of the construction industry.The main findings of the research are firstly that construction logistics solutions do have a role to play in the coordination of different construction stakeholders. Adding this new node will force construction stakeholders to address coordination issues in order to ensure that material deliveries arrive to construction sites on time. This also implies that new inter-organizational relationships will evolve, where communication is key. However, this may not be an easy task as it will call for an attitude adjustment towards a more open and collaborative environment.Secondly, adding a construction logistics solution can reduce some unnecessary friction between construction stakeholders and third parties. Coordinated material flows can lead to a reduction in the amount of material delivery vehicles that travels to site, thus alleviating some of the congestion in the urban transport system. This will not reduce all friction between construction projects and third parties, but it is a step in the right direction.Thirdly, a construction logistics solution must come with a set of regulations and a governance strategy from the initiator of the solution. This governance strategy must be clearly stated and communicated to the affected stakeholders. To alleviate animosity towards the solution, flexibility and stakeholder involvement is key. If the directly affected stakeholders are consulted on the function, chances are that they will be more accepting of the solution.
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19.
  • Janné, Mats, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Cost modelling construction logistics centres
  • 2018
  • In: Proceedings of the 30th annual Nofoma conference; Relevant Logistics and Supply Chain  Management Research, Kolding, Denmark. - Odense : University of Southern Denmark. - 9788791070938
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Purpose: Construction logistics centres (CLC) are decreasing disturbances to the surrounding society through improved logistics flows and are a novelty within construction supply chains. Therefore, the knowledge of how to budget for the use of a CLC within the logistics flows is lacking among clients and main contractors. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to analyse what costs a CLC entails and to propose a model for calculating these costs.Design/methodology: The cost for a contractor of utilising a CLC has been studied based on the services invoiced to contractors over a time period of three years (2013 – 2016). From this, cost modelling for the most common services provided in CLC’s has been conducted.Findings: The study proposes a cost model for CLC’s and indicates the level of these costs compared to the total project size.Research implications: Through the cost model for determining the cost of CLC’s, this paper contributes to reducing the barriers towards construction logistics solutions by clarifying the costs in relation to possible benefits.Practical implications: Contractors, LSP’s and municipalities can find support on how to calculate the costs of utilising a CLC and also how to develop business models of setting up CLC´s.Originality/value: As the use of CLCs is a new phenomenon in construction, this paper contributes by exploring the important and rarely studied cost aspects of CLCs.
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20.
  • Janné, Mats, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Designing Construction Logistics Solutions in Hospital Projects
  • 2019
  • In: Proceedings of the 31st NOFOMA Conference. - Oslo, Norway.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • PurposeWhen hospitals are built or renovated, they are often operational. To reduce disturbances and improve logistics performance, construction logistics solutions (CLS) can be deployed. Presently, there is no best practice regarding CLS organizing. The purpose of this study is to explore how CLS’s can be classified in order to improve the organization of future hospital project CLS’s.Design/methodology/approachThis study compares how CLS’s have been organized in six hospital projects in Sweden, Finland and Denmark with the help of city logistics classification models. Cross-case analysis aiming at finding similarities/differences in CLS organizing is conducted, classifying them in accordance with city logistics literature.FindingsThis study shows that hospital CLS’s are often initiated as a problem solver for disturbances without considering how logistics can provide more value or how to follow up the CLS performance. The study operationalizes abstract measures from city logistics alongside contextual considerations to propose a new process for designing hospital CLS’s.Research implicationsThe study highlights how different city logistics elements should be translated into operational and organizational features of CLS’s in hospital construction projects.Practical implicationsThe study provides a practical process of designing a CLS’s for hospital projects by utilizing current knowledge from city logistics and contextual factors affecting hospital projects.Original/valueThis is one of the first studies that compare different CLS’s in hospital construction based on a structure accepted within the logistics area, i.e. city logistics.
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21.
  • Janné, Mats, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Smart Construction Logistics Governance : A systems view of construction logistics in urban development
  • 2021
  • In: Proceedings of the 57th ISOCARP World Planning Congress. - 9789075524697
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • To reduce disturbances and impact from construction transports during urban development, logistics flows need to be managed and controlled efficiently. One way to do so is using construction logistics setups. However, these rarely take both initiator and end-user perspectives into consideration. The paper builds on a longitudinal multiple-case study with cases from Belgium, Norway, and Sweden. The cases provide insights on different tools and approaches for gathering stakeholder input, simulation and forecasting of transport volumes, what type of services are needed in urban construction projects, and different governance measures and incentives. A cross-case analysis was performed to find similarities and differences between the countries. The result of the study is a conceptual framework, presenting a systems overview of the decision routes in urban development linked to construction logistics.
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22.
  • Janné, Mats, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Teaching supply chain management through megagames
  • 2023
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into how supply chain management canbe taught using megagames as a pedagogical motor. This study has had a longitudinalaction research approach to student centred learning as it builds on a previous paper onintroducing a theme of cross-functional decision-making through combining lectures,case assignment, and computer-based tools. Combining case work and the megagame hasled to activity independence and room for new reflections. What can be seen is thatexchanging the computer-based tool for a megagame has allowed students a deeperunderstanding of not only decision-making, but also decision-formulation.
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23.
  • Janné, Mats, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • The Potential of Mass Logistics Centres to Increase Transport Efficiency
  • 2022
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • PurposeLately, mass logistics centres (MLCs) have emerged to increase transport efficiency in soil and rock (mass) material transports. However, the impact of these MLCs has received limited attention. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of MLCs to increase transport efficiency in terms of number of transports, distance travelled, transport work, and emissions.Design/methodology/approachThe purpose is fulfilled through a scenario analysis of an MLC and its effect on distance travelled, transport work, fuel consumption, and emissions as well as the traditional measure of number of transports. FindingsThe study finds that the traditional transport efficiency measure “number of transports” is insufficient in describing transport efficiency in MLCs and similar logistics setups. A logistics centre will lead to more transports but with the correct setup, transport work, distance travelled, fuel consumption and emissions can be reduced.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to one MLC in Sweden. Future research should investigate other MLCs and go deeper into how MLCs should be designed to increase transport efficiency.Practical implicationsContractors and municipalities can find support on how to evaluate the transport efficiency effects an MLC has.Social implicationsThis study is an important step in analysing the potential of MLCs as a tool for reducing the negative impact of mass transports. OriginalityThis is one of the first in-depth studies of how MLCs affect mass transport flows from a transport efficiency perspective. 
  •  
24.
  • Karlkvist, Tommy, et al. (author)
  • Molecular recognition in mineral flotation : Selectivity in apatite-calcite system
  • 2014
  • In: 27th International Mineral Processing Congress, IMPC 2014, Santiago, Chile, 20-24 October 2014.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The present investigation aims to develop and distinguish mineral specific reagents with two functional groups for use in flotation of calcium containing minerals. For this purpose, a series of dicarboxylate-based surfactants with varying length between the carboxylate groups (one, two or three methylene groups) were synthesized. As reference, a surfactant with the same alkyl chain length but with only one carboxylate group in the polar part was synthesized. The adsorption behavior of these new reagents on pure apatite and calcite mineral surfaces was studied using Hallimond tube flotation, FTIR and ζ potential measurements. The relation between the adsorption behavior of a given surfactant on a specific mineral surface and its molecular structure over a range of concentration and pH values, as well as the region of maximum recovery were established. It was found that one of the reagents, with a specific distance between the carboxylate groups, was much more selective for a particular mineral surface than the other homologues synthesized. This selective adsorption of a given surfactant to a particular mineral surface relative to other mineral surfaces as evidenced in flotation studies is substantiated by ζ potential and infra-red spectroscopy data.
  •  
25.
  • Klar, Robert (author)
  • Digital twinning for ports : from characterization to operations’ modelling
  • 2024
  • Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Ports are actively pursuing greater operational efficiency to effectively handle the increasing global flow of goods, while striving to improve the energy efficiency of their operations to comply with new environmental regulations. As a result, innovation-leading ports have begun to recognize the potential of digital twins to overview, coordinate and optimize port processes, resulting in energy savings, and reductions of costs and of CO2 emissions. While digital twins have gained momentum in other domains such as smart manufacturing and aerospace, their adoption in ports has been comparatively slow. This can be explained, among other things, by the multi-stakeholder nature of the port and the high complexity of the often interconnected port processes. Thus, this thesis, grounded in the context of ports, discusses what constitutes a digital twin, proposes characteristics to assess the maturity of existing digital twins, and introduces and evaluates mathematical models to support a key port process, which can be used as components of a digital twin for the port.
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26.
  • Koskela, Anita, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Evaluation of Microsatellite instability score from GMS560 DNA panel
  • 2022
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Microsatellite instability is characterised by gains or losses of nucleotides in short tandem repeat sequences, microsatellites, dispersed throughout the human genome. Microsatellite instability status is a molecular fingerprint for DNA mismatch repair deficiency. Clinical detection of microsatellite instability status is important for identifying inherited disease in patients with colorectal and endometrial cancer but has also a prognostic value for survival and prediction of treatment response. Lately, microsatellite instability has been used as a tumor agnostic biomarker that predicts response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. To identify microsatellite instability status clinically, PCR and immunohistochemistry have been the gold standard. On the contrary, next generation sequencing provide simultaneous accession of large number of microsatellite loci and can be combined with detection of several other biomarkers. The national collaboration Genome Medicine Sweden have developed a solid tumour gene panel composed of 560 cancer associated genes with integrated microsatellite instability score. Our aim was to validate the microsatellite instability status based on microsatellite instability score from GMS560 DNA panel against the clinically used methods. Extracted DNA (100 ng) from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections with various tumour cell content >10% were analysed. During target enrichment sequencing analysis, allelic distribution from 5000 microsatellite markers were calculated by MSIsensor Pro to generate an instability score. The cohort consisted of microsatellite instable verified colorectal cancer samples (n=20), microsatellite stable solid tumour material (n=60). Preliminary results generated a microsatellite instability score for the colorectal cancer samples with a mean of 26.5 % (CI: 23.4-29.6, range: 16.9-32.3). Microsatellite stable tumour samples had a mean microsatellite instability score of 1.5 % (CI: 0.93-2.07, range: 1-4.45). In conclusion, we found the microsatellite instability score from GMS560 DNA panel to be both diagnostically sensitive and specific for determining MSI status due to obvious separation in instability. 
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27.
  • Leo, Christoph, et al. (author)
  • Holistic pedestrian safety assessment for average males and females
  • 2023
  • In: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 11
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Objective: An integrated assessment framework that enables holistic safety evaluations addressing vulnerable road users (VRU) is introduced and applied in the current study. The developed method enables consideration of both active and passive safety measures and distributions of real-world crash scenario parameters. Methods: The likelihood of a specific virtual testing scenario occurring in real life has been derived from accident databases scaled to European level. Based on pre-crash simulations, it is determined how likely it is that scenarios could be avoided by a specific Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) system. For the unavoidable cases, probabilities for specific collision scenarios are determined, and the injury risk for these is determined, subsequently, from in-crash simulations with the VIVA+ Human Body Models combined with the created metamodel for an average male and female model. The integrated assessment framework was applied for the holistic assessment of car-related pedestrian protection using a generic car model to assess the safety benefits of a generic AEB system combined with current passive safety structures. Results: In total, 61,914 virtual testing scenarios have been derived from the different car-pedestrian cases based on real-world crash scenario parameters. Considering the occurrence probability of the virtual testing scenarios, by implementing an AEB, a total crash risk reduction of 81.70% was achieved based on pre-crash simulations. It was shown that 50 in-crash simulations per load case are sufficient to create a metamodel for injury prediction. For the in-crash simulations with the generic vehicle, it was also shown that the injury risk can be reduced by implementing an AEB, as compared to the baseline scenarios. Moreover, as seen in the unavoidable cases, the injury risk for the average male and female is the same for brain injuries and femoral shaft fractures. The average male has a higher risk of skull fractures and fractures of more than three ribs compared to the average female. The average female has a higher risk of proximal femoral fractures than the average male. Conclusions: A novel methodology was developed which allows for movement away from the exclusive use of standard-load case assessments, thus helping to bridge the gap between active and passive safety evaluations.
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28.
  • Malm, Anna, et al. (author)
  • Bridging capability gaps in technology transfers within related offsets
  • 2016
  • In: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1741-038X .- 1758-7786. ; 27:5, s. 640-661
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how capability gaps can be identified and how they can be dealt with in aircraft technology transfers in future offset deals.Methodology – The study is based on lessons learned as identified from three case studies of technology transfers from Saab, a Swedish aircraft manufacturing company to South Africa, the Czech Republic, and India.Findings – The capability gap between sender and receiver has to be dealt with on two levels: on an organizational level; and on an individual level. It is proposed that the disseminative capacity constitutes the ability to assess the capability gap between the sender and receiver, and to convert this assessment to adaptations of the product and production process to include in an industrialization process. On the individual level, the capability-raising activities were connected to employees’ knowledge, Personal Development Plans for the transfer of explicit knowledge, as well as on-the-job training to facilitate the exchange of tacit knowledge.Research limitations –The research is based on case studies from one company.Originality/value – The paper focuses on the context of offset and reports on actual experiences from a capability perspective of technology transfers within the aircraft manufacturing area. It proposes a structured way of identifying and bridging the capability gap within such transfers.
  •  
29.
  • Malm, Anna, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Production Start-up Phase : A Comparison between New Product Development and Production Relocation
  • 2012
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • A challenging situation due to a more global market is the increasing need for production relocation. New product development with constant increasing competition challenges the ways to perform production start-up and production relocation. Product development processes focus in general on function of the product and to avoid product quality problems. Production relocation processes also focus on avoiding product quality problems, but problems that occur within production relocation are mostly related to forgotten or misunderstood information. In this paper, a literature review is performed investigating these three areas and relate them to industrial experience. Existing relocation processes are often based on processes for product development. There are several similarities between the production start-up in product development and product relocation since the same result is requested. However, the way to achieve the results can differ within the literature, within the paper are the differences and similarities discussed.
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30.
  • Malm, Anna, 1979- (author)
  • Technology Transfer within Related Offset Business : From an Aircraft Production Perspective
  • 2016
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The aircraft industry is viewed as a prestigious industry by many countries. Emerging economies regard the establishment of aircraft production capabilities as contributing to their competitiveness and technological development. Therefore, in the defence aircraft industry, politics play a key role in competitiveness. Governments can strategically trade market access for technological development, often in the form of offset business. “Offset” is defined as an agreement in which a large system is bought and the seller assumes obligations that both benefit the buying nation and have long-term effects on the development of the buyer’s national industry. When the offset obligations are directly connected to the product or system sold, they are called “related offsets”. The realization of an offset agreement is in most cases including some form of technology transfer. Technology transfer is the transfer of technology from a sending company, to a receiving company, where it is implemented and adapted to use.The empirical data presented in this thesis were gathered through six in-depth studies performed at the unit for aircraft production at the Swedish company Saab. The findings from the studies are presented in six appended papers. The objective of this thesis is to extend the current understanding of technology transfer realization connected to related offsets within the defence aircraft industry. The research objective is fulfilled through the addressing of two research questions. The first research question aims to identify factors that can have a major effect on technology transfer realization in the research context. As an answer to the first research question. Following factors were identified: Capability gaps, Knowledge transfer, The purpose of related offset business, Seller’s fulfilment of offset obligations before contract termination, Related offset business include hierarchical levels, Related offset work package identification to meet the buyer’s request, and Assessment of the receiver in two steps, and finally Cultural and communication challenges.These factors set the basis for research question two. The second research question addresses how to manage future related offset technology transfer realization connected to aircraft production. As an answer to the second research question, a structured related offset process and facilitation tools for managing capability gaps between the sending and the receiving company was presented. The purpose of the suggested structure is to maintain the link between the negotiated related offset agreements and the employees, working to achieve the agreement within the realization of the technology transfer.
  •  
31.
  • Mubder, Abdalla (author)
  • Just-in-Time Arrival in Port Calls : Potential and Implementation
  • 2023
  • Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • There is an urgent need to reduce emissions from maritime transportation to meet environmental targets set by international organizations and governments. To reduce emissions from maritime transportation, technical, market-based, and operational measures can be used. In this thesis, the focus is on operational measures, and in particular Just-in-Time arrival in the port call process. Just-in-Time arrival in the context of port calls refers to maintaining an optimal vessel sailing speed to arrive to the port when the availability of berth and other services are ensured. In earlier studies, the estimated fuel and emission savings potential of Just-in-Time arrival, is promising. Despite the promising potential of Just-in-Time, its implementation remains limited, with few real-world examples. The purpose of this thesis is to explore how to implement Just-in-Time arrival by studying coordination in the port call process.Two research questions were formulated to address the purpose. The first aims to capture the potential benefits of implementing Just-in-Time arrival in port calls and the second aims to address what is required to implement Just-in-Time arrival in port calls. This thesis is based on two studies in the Swedish context. First, a quantitative study, in which Automatic Identification System data in combination with port call statistics and vessel-specific data were used to estimate the fuel and emission savings potential of Just-in-Time arrival. Second, a qualitative single case-study exploring the coordination mechanisms necessary for implementing Just-in-Time arrival in port calls was conducted.The studies show that fuel and emission savings potential of Just-in-Time in previous studies is overestimated due to the assumptions used. Though, the implementation of Just-in-Time has potential to improve port call actors’ resource planning and utilization and increase the competitiveness of ports. This is because Just-in-Time arrival has the potential to aid actors in reaching mandatory emission reduction targets. To implement Just-in-Time arrival, it is necessary to coordinate the plans of actors. The required mechanisms to coordinate planning are pre-booking berth allocation policy and port community systems. The pre-booking policy implies booking time-slots for berths, facilitated by using the port community system. The port community system and the pre-booking policy enable the effective coordination of the planning processes of individual actors enabling Just-in-Time arrival in port calls.   
  •  
32.
  • Naz, Farah, 1991- (author)
  • Improving Transport Efficiency in the Construction Supply Chain
  • 2024
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Construction is responsible for a large part of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions worldwide (39%) and environmental concerns in construction are growing. Construction is transport intensive since the final construction products like buildings are built directly at the site of use and all resources need to be transported to and from the construction site. The environmental impact of construction transport is significant and requires attention since 90% of the transport within construction is road transport. However, historically both regulatory bodies and the construction companies have overlooked construction transport causing transport to remain unnoticed as a separate activity. Construction transport efficiency (CTE) is low, but CTE can be improved using solutions such as logistics services, digital tools, and information sharing which in turn add value to the involved actors and reduce CO2 emissions. However, there is a need to better understand how to improve CTE.The purpose of the thesis is "to investigate how to improve construction transport efficiency by using logistics services, digital tools and information sharing to add value for the involved actors".Three research questions (RQs) have been developed to achieve the purpose of the thesis:RQ1a: What activities constitute construction transport?RQ1b: What are the challenges in improving construction transport efficiency?RQ2: How can logistics services, digital tools and information sharing improve construction transport efficiency?RQ3: How does improving construction transport efficiency add value for the involved actors?To answer the RQs, a case study has been used as a primary research approach to develop an in-depth and detailed understanding of construction transport. The thesis comprises five studies over the period of five years. Data has been collected mainly through observations, interviews, and company’s internal statistical data. Furthermore, construction transport flows have been studied from different actor’s perspective such as transporter, main contractor, material supplier, and waste collector.The thesis highlights the lack of efficiency within construction transport by identifying value adding, non-value adding, and necessary but non-value adding activities. The underlying reasons for the low CTE are lack of planning, poor communication, and lack of standard operating procedures (SOPs). Lack of planning leads to poor routing, empty travelling, and an increased number of transport. Likewise, poor communication results in outdated plans, last-minute changes, delayed deliveries whereas lack of SOPs results in non-standardized processes, lack of proper loading and unloading zones and improper material handling leading to damages. Due to poor transport planning, poor communication and lack of SOPs, construction transport uses more resources (such as time, fuel, vehicle, energy, and effort) than needed, adding less value to the involved actors (i.e. transporter, main contractor, material supplier and waste collector) as well as impacting the environment negatively.The thesis emphasizes the value of logistics services (such as material management, on-site vendor management inventory (VMI), waste management) for the involved actors in terms of improving CTE and how CTE can be improved using logistics services, digital tools and information sharing. Given the critical importance of delivery reliability within construction transport, the thesis provides value by detailing the time taken by each activity within construction transport flow via value stream mapping approach. Moreover, the thesis broadly adds knowledge to Logistics and Construction Management research areas whereby focusing specifically on construction transport—so far unnoticed as a distinct activity.
  •  
33.
  • Patra, Anuttam, et al. (author)
  • Design and development of novel mineral-specific collectors for flotation
  • 2014
  • In: 27th International Mineral Processing Congress, IMPC 2014, Santiago, Chile, 20-24 October 2014.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Almost all of the flotation reagents used today were discovered by continued application of empirical methods and/or trial and error experimentation. Moreover, with the metal-ion specific approach used so far, it is difficult to separate the minerals containing the same constituent metal ion. A critical assessment of molecular recognition processes involved in biomineralization suggested the possibility of using reagents which are surface specific. The concept that the molecules consisting of two or more functional groups having appropriate spacing between those so as to achieve structural/stereochemical compatibility during interaction with the mineral surface exhibit structure-specificity is thought to be extended to the design of specific collectors in flotation processes. In the present study, for the first time, a rational design of surface active molecules, and thereby the recognition of crystal faces (of minerals) by these molecules through structural and stereochemical matching is being utilized successfully to selectively float various minerals. For this purpose, carboxylate-based collectors (for mineral specific flotation of calcium minerals) as well as xanthate-based collectors (for mineral specific flotation of sulphide minerals) with a fixed alkyl chain length but having two functional groups with varying geometrical distances (separated by a spacer of one, two and three carbon atoms) between them have been synthesized. In this article, we have discussed the design, synthesis, purification of these novel mineral specific collectors as well as their important solution parameters in relation to flotation processes.
  •  
34.
  • Venås, Christoffer, et al. (author)
  • No or low emissions from construction logistics – Just a dream or future reality?
  • 2020
  • In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. - : IOP Publishing. - 1755-1315.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Introduction: Construction sites are among the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in the construction industry. Large quantities of construction materials and other resources need to be transported to, within, and from construction sites. Implementation of different construction logistics solutions can reduce the impact from construction. The objectives of this article are to map the status and present the current practice of construction logistics in Norway, and to discuss how different no or low emission construction logistics solutions can be promoted. Methods: Methods applied are a literature review including findings from the recent development of emission free construction sites and qualitative case study with interviews carried out in Norway. Results: Findings indicate that lack of regulations, specific requirements and awareness, and use of traditional methods to avoid risks are some of the challenges for minimizing impact from construction logistics. However, opportunities are also present; mainly driven by political ambitions, improved environmental requirements in public procurement tenders and market demands and ambitions for reductions in emissions and costs. Preliminary results from interviews in Norway support these findings. Conclusions: The study show that the goal of achieving no or low emission from construction site is possible through setting ambitious requirements, good planning and a close and open collaboration between involved stakeholders. Grant support: This work is part of the Joint Programming Initative (JPI) Urban Europe project "Minimizing impact of construction material flows in cities: Innovative Co-Creation", supported by the national research councils of the participating countries (Sweden, Norway, Austria, Belgium).
  •  
35.
  • Aaboen, Lise, et al. (author)
  • The relationship development aspect of production transfer
  • 2016
  • In: Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management. - : Pergamon Press. - 1478-4092 .- 1873-6505. ; 22:1, s. 53-65
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Production transfers are a result of outsourcing and offshoring decisions. Because of the strategic focus of the outsourcing literature, the operational issues of relationship development between sender and receiver and its impact on the transfer progress have not been fully depicted. The purpose of the present paper is to explore relationship development during production transfer. To fulfil this purpose, we studied three different production transfers and derived four propositions for further testing. Our main conclusions included that dependence and power gradually shift between the sender and the receiver and that the relationship between them sets the arena for what types of relationships can be developed between the receiver and the suppliers. Furthermore, short social distances can bridge cultural and technological distances to some extent, because it motivates the actors to bring their relationship into a more developed state. Finally, we noticed that the headquarters’ involvement can work both as an inhibitor as well as a converter.
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36.
  • Amani, Pegah, 1983, et al. (author)
  • Food product clustering for customized food logistics
  • 2013
  • In: 7th International European Forum (Igls-Forum) - (136th EAAE Seminar) on System Dynamics and Innovation in Food Networks , Innsbruck-Igls, Austria.
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
  •  
37.
  • Andersson Granberg, Tobias, 1973-, et al. (author)
  • Effektivt sambruk av kommunala resurser för ökad säkerhet och trygghet
  • 2017
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Användandet av så kallade semiprofessionella resurser i räddningsinsatser har blivit allt vanligare i Sverige. En semiprofessionell är en person som fått utökade arbetsuppgifter inom respons och räddning inom ramen för sitt ordinarie yrke. Det kanske mest kända exemplet är väktare som responderar på den kommunala räddningstjänstens ärenden.I det projekt som avrapporteras här, är syftet att undersöka vilka yrkesgrupper som skulle passa bra som semiprofessionella, och vad som krävs för att de effektivt ska kunna utföra de nya arbetsuppgifterna, bland annat i form av utbildning och utrustning. Vidare syftar projektet till att utvärdera vilken samhällsnytta semiprofessionella kan bidra med. Som studieobjekt används Norrköpings kommun, och via en aktionsforskningsinspirerad metodansats är målet att projektresultaten ska kunna bidra till en ökad säkerhet och trygghet i kommunen.En kombination av kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoder används för att uppnå syftet. Genom workshops identifieras först fyra potentiella yrkesgrupper (räddningstjänstens dagtidspersonal, hemtjänstpersonal, förvaltningsentreprenörer och väktare), för vilka detaljerad data erhålls via fokusgruppsintervjuer. En grupp (räddningstjänstens dagtidspersonal) väljs ut för vidare analys, och ytterligare en workshop genomförs, plus ett experiment i form av en simulerad olycka där semiprofessionella får göra en första insats. En prototyp av ett utlarmningssystem tas fram, inklusive en smartphoneapplikation som de semiprofessionella kan använda för att ta emot och hantera larm. Med hjälp av applikationen utförs ett experiment där historiska larm skickas till potentiella semiprofessionella under två månaders tid, och de får svara på om de kan åka eller inte, samtidigt som deras position noteras. Genom att jämföra deltagarnas uppskattade insatstider med räddningstjänstens historiska, kan möjliga insatstidsförkortningar beräknas. Detta kompletteras med en bedömning av vad de kan bidra med i respektive händelse.Bedömningen görs enligt en strukturerad metod av professionell personal från två olika räddningstjänstorganisationer. De beräknade insatstiderna och den skattade förmågan vägs samman till en monetär nytta av den semiprofessionella insatsen.Resultatet visar att det finns ett stort antal yrkesgrupper som skulle kunna vara lämpliga att nyttja som semiprofessionella. I rapporten redovisas en lista med 23 grupper som anses ha potential och möjlighet att utföra räddningsinsatser som en del av sitt yrke. Vidare redovisas ett antal utmaningar och möjligheter, baserat på analysen av de fyra utvalda grupperna. En konkret sammanställning har gjorts i form av listor på utbildning och utrustning som krävs för att de effektivt kunna utföra sitt nya uppdrag. Dessa krav är förhållandevis enkla att uppfylla, och handlar om grundläggande utbildning i riskbedömning, brandsläckning och livräddande åtgärder, samt utrustning som tex handbrandsläckare och förbandslåda. Mer utmanande är de organisatoriska förändringar som är nödvändiga för att de semiprofessionella akut ska kunna lämna sina pågående arbetsuppgifter, samt hur utlarmningen ska kunna integreras i de tekniska system som används för professionella räddningsresurser. Vidare visar resultaten att semiprofessionella kan larmas, och förväntas göra nytta på en stor mängd olika typer av händelser, dock främst vid händelser med personskador eller akuta sjukdomsförlopp. Den monetära nyttan av att införa ett fåtal (i snitt 3,4 st) semiprofessionella i Norrköping och Linköpings kommuner beräknades till mellan 600 000 och 2 400 000 kr per år, beroende på hur lång tid det tar för de semiprofessionella ifrån att de får larm tills de påbörjar färden mot händelseplatsen.En slutsats från projektet är att semiprofessionella skulle bidra till en ökad säkerhet och trygghet i Norrköping kommun, om de används som förstainsatsresurser, som ett komplement till befintlig professionell räddningspersonal.
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38.
  • Brusselaers, Nicolas, PhD, 1993-, et al. (author)
  • Decision support for improved construction traffic management and planning
  • 2024
  • In: Sustainable cities and society. - : Elsevier. - 2210-6707. ; 104
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Densifying cities continuously call for new construction, renovation and demolition projects, each generating vast amounts of heavy goods vehicle (HGV) transports. However, how construction transportation affects the urban traffic network remains largely unexplored. This study addresses spatiotemporal network impacts from construction transport, by leveraging traditional traffic and transport simulation. To this end, a framework is presented including (i) a simulation model to compute traffic effects caused by varying off-site construction site transport demands, and (ii) conceptual applications of the simulation model showing construction logistic planning strategies to mitigate congestion disturbances. Simulations are conducted in MATSim using detailed secondary datasets describing site-specific transport arrivals from a case of six projects in Norrköping, Sweden. Subsequently, increasing transport demands were assessed on various time-window arrival scenarios against the baseline schedule, which can be used as decision support in urban planning. Results highlight how rigorous construction transport planning avoiding peak-traffic hours can significantly alleviate traffic congestion. This study also emphasizes the need to combine all simultaneous construction projects’ demands when evaluating disturbances on city-level, alongside the impact on individual links and microenvironments. This study adds knowledge by visualizing the traffic impact during urban transformation.
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39.
  • Bäckstrand, Jenny, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Customer Information Usage: Improving Supply Chain Performance and Advancing Logistics Services in Construction Projects
  • 2019
  • In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Operations and Supply Chain Management. - 9786027060470
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • This study investigates how continuous improvement of logistics services in a project- based context such as construction can be enhanced by a “priority matrix for service improvements”. Construction services in general, and logistic services in specific, have great impact on efficiency and sustainability (environmental as well as social). Solutions and experience from e.g. manufacturing and retailing that have undergone major transformation through industrialization and, more recently, servitization, to improve the quality and novelty of their offerings, there is a great potential in addressing the complex coordination, inefficient processes, and waste of materials in the project-based context of the construction industry. Whilst improvement initiatives concerning product quality are important inspiration of such transformation, they are based on continuous production processes and become a challenge when this experience is transferred to the project-based, construction industry. As response, this study draws upon the concept of service quality as the basis for improvement initiatives – a concept based on relations between actors that last beyond individual projects.
  •  
40.
  •  
41.
  • Bäckstrand, Jenny, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Middle-range theorising supporting and supported by action research: focusing on practitioner preparedness
  • 2024
  • In: Production Planning and Control. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0953-7287 .- 1366-5871. ; In Press
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Increased demand for actionable knowledge in operations- and supply chain management has fuelled the interest in collaborative, action-oriented research design as well as modes of theorising that generate adaptable and actionable frameworks. Whilst action research (AR) design as well as middle-range theories (MRT) offer guiding principles herein, they are researcher centric in nature. It is taken for granted that practitioners that enter such an endeavour have a certain level of knowledge or experience prior to the initial stages of formalising the research problem. Practitioners in non-academic, operations management-intensive industries or craftsmanship-based industries, such as construction or carpeting (often in the SME range) are often neither prepared nor equipped with the principles necessary to convey their managerial challenges into collaborative research design. This risk limiting or even hindering altogether such participation. This paper elaborates on combining the logic of AR and MRT. By conceptualising a preparatory phase for initiating practitioner engagement, complementing the conventional AR cycle, a four-step approach is presented: (1) Identifying a joint interest; (2) Teaching – Awakening interest in the topic through MRT frameworks; (3) Accepting buy-in to the AR cycle and determining the problem; and (4) Proposing MRT frameworks for analysis and entering the traditional AR cycle.
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42.
  • Bäckstrand, Jenny, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Supply chain performance deficiencies in construction projects due to lack of information sharing
  • 2019
  • In: Book of abstracts. ; , s. 19-19
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The purpose is to explore the potential of increased supply chain performance by improved information sharing between suppliers and contractors in the construction project. Four suppliers are studied, representing different combinations of supplying materials with few or continuous deliveries during the project. The study shows that, in order to improve performance, suppliers need different information sharing practices depending on if they continuously present at site or have few deliveries. Based on this and information sharing literature, we have developed a framework of information sharing practice differentiating what suppliers need, including how and when to exchange it.
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43.
  • Bäckstrand, Jenny, et al. (author)
  • The potential of information sharing to improve supply chain performance inconstruction projects
  • 2018
  • In: EurOMA 2018 Proceedings.
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The purpose is toexplore the potential of increased supply chain performance by improved informationsharing between suppliers and contractors in the construction supply chains.Six suppliers are included, representing different combinations of supplyingmaterials and tools for the product or services to support production as wellas few or continuous deliveries during the project. The study show that suppliersneed different information sharing practices if they continuously present atsite or have few deliveries. Based on this and information sharing literature,we have developed a model of what information different suppliers need, includinghow and when to exchange it.
  •  
44.
  • Edh Mirzaei, Nina, et al. (author)
  • Strategic consensus on manufacturing strategy content: including the operators' perceptions
  • 2016
  • In: International Journal of Operations & Production Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0144-3577 .- 1758-6593. ; 36:4, s. 429-466
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Purpose – Strategic consensus between operators and managers is an important means to accomplish a successful manufacturing strategy (MS) process. Previous studies largely left out individual operators from this concept. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to empirically examine the level of strategic consensus on the MS within the operations function, that is, the operators’ and managers’ perceptions of MS.Design/methodology/approach – Interviews were conducted with both operators and managers at three small and medium-sized enterprises in Sweden. The MS dimensions were selected based on previous research; the data was analysed by using thematic coding.Findings – The study shows that the levels of strategic consensus on the MS vary among companies. Even when strategic consensus exists between operators and managers, their underlying reasons often differ. Furthermore, the levels of strategic consensus vary among MS dimensions. The companies’ usage of information-sharing channels, along with their size and position in the supply chain, can be important for the level of strategic consensus.Originality/value – This paper contributes to the body of knowledge in three ways. First, it expands the scope of the MS dimensions under study, thus offering a stronger, resource-based perspective on MS and strategic consensus than what earlier studies showed. Second, it goes beyond the management level by including both managers and operators as the unit of analysis. Third, compared to previous research, it focuses on a new context and is based on indepth case studies.
  •  
45.
  • Edh Mirzaei, Nina, 1984, et al. (author)
  • Strategic consensus on manufacturing strategy content: including the operators' perceptions
  • 2016
  • In: International Journal of Operations and Production Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1758-6593 .- 0144-3577. ; 36:4, s. 429-466
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Purpose – Strategic consensus between operators and managers is an important means toaccomplish a successful manufacturing strategy (MS) process. Previous studies largely leftout individual operators from this concept. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was toempirically examine the level of strategic consensus on the MS within the operationsfunction, that is, the operators’ and managers’ perceptions of MS.Design/methodology/approach – Interviews were conducted with both operators andmanagers at three small and medium-sized enterprises in Sweden. The MS dimensions wereselected based on previous research; the data was analysed by using thematic coding.Findings – The study shows that the levels of strategic consensus on the MS vary amongcompanies. Even when strategic consensus exists between operators and managers, theirunderlying reasons often differ. Furthermore, the levels of strategic consensus vary amongMS dimensions. The companies’ usage of information-sharing channels, along with their sizeand position in the supply chain, can be important for the level of strategic consensus.Originality/value – This paper contributes to the body of knowledge in three ways. First, itexpands the scope of the MS dimensions under study, thus offering a stronger, resource-basedperspective on MS and strategic consensus than what earlier studies showed. Second, it goesbeyond the management level by including both managers and operators as the unit ofanalysis. Third, compared to previous research, it focuses on a new context and is based on indepthcase studies.
  •  
46.
  • Edh, Nina, 1984, et al. (author)
  • Strategic Consensus in SMEs: Behavioral Operations Perspective on Manufacturing Strategy
  • 2013
  • In: Proceedings for the 22nd International Conference on Production Research, Challenges for Sustainable Operations, July 28th - Aug 1, 2013, Parana, Brazil.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Previous manufacturing strategy (MS) studies have to a limited extent incorporated the people dimension emphasized in the behavioral operations field. This paper aims to empirically examine the relationship between managers’ and operators’ perceptions of MS from a behavioral operations perspective. Interviews with both managers and operators at three Swedish metalworking small and medium enterprises (SMEs) were conducted. The results show a higher level of strategic consensus, compared to earlier research. Strategic consensus is primarily seen within the intra-organizational dimensions. Lack of consensus seems to be caused primarily by poor communication about strategic objectives and long-term plans. By emphasizing the people dimension of MS, this paper contributes to increased knowledge about strategic consensus at SMEs and the importance of strategic commitment and strategic consensus for a successful MS process.
  •  
47.
  • Edh, Nina, 1984, et al. (author)
  • The people dimension in manufacturing strategy: contextual factors influencing a joint view
  • 2014
  • In: Proceedings for the 21th International Annual EurOMA Conference | Operations Management in an Innovation Economy | 20-25 June 2014, Palermo, Italy. - : International Annual EurOMA Conference.
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • This paper explicates the contextual factors influencing the workers’ perceptions of theMS, and hence, the possibilities for a joint view between workers and managers. Thepaper is based on in depth interviews with 16 workers in four metal working SMEs inSweden. The contextual factors can be viewed at two levels: individual andorganisational. This paper contributes to richer descriptions of what the individual andorganisational contextual factors incorporate, and to the clarification of the importantrole communication channels plays for the possibilities of a joint view. Thereby,contributing to increased knowledge on the manufacturing strategy formation process.
  •  
48.
  •  
49.
  • Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Construction related urban disturbances : Identification and linking with an IoT-model
  • 2022
  • In: Automation in Construction. - : Elsevier. - 0926-5805 .- 1872-7891. ; 134
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • While being a significant part of the urban development, construction projects disturb different stakeholders in various ways. There are three problems associated with construction disturbances: (i) most of these disturbances are not recognised by the people causing them, (ii) they are not monitored and (iii) if they are to be monitored, data is spread among stakeholders. This paper defines what a disturbance is, presents a list of disturbances, linking disturbances to stakeholders and, categorising them based on their distance from construction sites (responding to (i)). Next, a IoT domain model is developed, demonstrating how IoT in construction needs to be combined with the sensors of smart cities to capture the primitives of these disturbances (responding to (iii)). This is a first step towards enabling large-scale data-gathering of construction transport disturbances (responding to (ii)), which is a necessity to predict them and allow better construction transport planning to decrease disturbances.
  •  
50.
  • Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al. (author)
  • Green construction logistics – a multi-actor challenge
  • 2022
  • In: Research in Transportation Business and Management (RTBM). - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 2210-5395 .- 2210-5409. ; 45
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Construction transport have a severe environmental impact. To address the environmental problems requires that the complexity of construction, including the many different actors and their goals, is captured. The purpose of this article is to propose a new conceptual model for construction logistics systems, with the aim of advancing the transition to more environmentally friendly construction transport. The conceptual model was developed based on different theoretical frameworks, and also improved based on practitioner's workshops. The conceptual model is based on five interconnected layers of activities: urban land use; construction; construction supply chain; transport; and infrastructure and three subsystems. The model indicates on what layers different actors in the subsystems act and how different actors can influence the environmental performance of construction logistics systems by their decisions. In relation to similar multi-layer models, construction logistics also need to embrace municipal actors. For example, the traffic planning may offer available infrastructure to improve fill rates and energy efficiency, but fill rate is the direct result of the suppliers decisions, which is indirectly affected by the main contractor's schedule. In particular, modal split is influenced by a range of decisions by different actors, complicating the selection of a more environmentally friendly transport mode.
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