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| 2. |
- Fritz, M., et al.
(author)
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Brief Communication : Future avenues for permafrost science from the perspective of early career researchers
- 2015
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In: The Cryosphere. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1994-0416 .- 1994-0424. ; 9:4, s. 1715-1720
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Accelerating climate change and increased economic and environmental interests in permafrost-affected regions have resulted in an acute need for more directed permafrost research. In June 2014, 88 early career researchers convened to identify future priorities for permafrost research. This multidisciplinary forum concluded that five research topics deserve greatest attention: permafrost landscape dynamics, permafrost thermal modeling, integration of traditional knowledge, spatial distribution of ground ice, and engineering issues. These topics underline the need for integrated research across a spectrum of permafrost-related domains and constitute a contribution to the Third International Conference on Arctic Research Planning (ICARP III).
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| 3. |
- Holz, J., et al.
(author)
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Patient-specific metal implants for focal chondral and osteochondral lesions in the knee; excellent clinical results at 2years
- 2021
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In: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 29, s. 2899-2910
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Surgical treatment options for the management of focal chondral and osteochondral lesions in the knee include biological solutions and focal metal implants. A treatment gap exists for patients with lesions not suitable for arthroplasty or biologic repair or who have failed prior cartilage repair surgery. This study reports on the early clinical and functional outcomes in patients undergoing treatment with an individualised mini-metal implant for an isolated focal chondral defect in the knee. Methods: Open-label, multicentre, non-randomised, non-comparative retrospective observational analysis of prospectively collected clinical data in a consecutive series of 80 patients undergoing knee reconstruction with the Episealer® implant. Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and VAS scores, were recorded preoperatively and at 3months, 1year, and 2years postoperatively. Results: Seventy-five patients were evaluated at a minimum 24months following implantation. Two patients had undergone revision (2.5%), 1 declined participation, and 2 had not completed the full data requirements, leaving 75 of the 80 with complete data for analysis. All 5 KOOS domain mean scores were significantly improved at 1 and 2years (p < 0.001–0.002). Mean preoperative aggregated KOOS4 of 35 (95% CI 33.5–37.5) improved to 57 (95% CI 54.5–60.2) and 59 (95% CI 55.7–61.6) at 12 and 24months respectively (p < 0.05). Mean VAS score improved from 63 (95% CI 56.0–68.1) preoperatively to 32 (95% CI 24.4–38.3) at 24months. The improvement exceeded the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and this improvement was maintained over time. Location of defect and history of previous cartilage repair did not significantly affect the outcome (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study suggests that at 2years, Episealer® implants are safe with a low failure rate of 2.5% and result in clinically significant improvement. Individualised mini-metal implants with appropriate accurate guides for implantation appear to have a place in the management of focal femoral chondral and osteochondral defects in the knee. Level of evidence: IV. © 2020, The Author(s).
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| 7. |
- Ebbestad, Jan Ove R., et al.
(author)
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Biogeography of Ordovician and Silurian gastropods, monoplacophorans and mimospirids
- 2013
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In: Memoir Geological Society of London. - London : The Geological Society of London. - 9781862393738 ; 38, s. 199-220
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The biogeographical distribution of Ordovician and Silurian gastropods, monoplacophorans and mimospirids has beenanalysed on a generic level. The dataset contains 334 genera and 2769 species, yielding 1231 records of genera with 2274 occurrencesworldwide. There is a bias towards eastern Laurentia, Baltica and Perunica records. Some 53.1% of the records are Ordovician. The study demonstrates that these molluscs are well suited to being used to improve understanding of Ordovician and Silurian biogeographicalprovinciality. Specific points are that: a Lower Ordovician assemblage is evident in Laurentia; the fauna of the Argentinean Precordillera is Laurentian until the Darriwilian, when taxa are shared with North China; Late Silurian gastropods from the Alexander terrane (SE Alaska) are unknown in Laurentia, but support a rift origin of this terrane from NE Siberia; Perunica, Ibero-Armorica and Morocco cluster together throughout the Ordovician but Perunica and Morocco are closer; Darriwilian–Sandbian deep-water Bohemian taxaoccur in Baltica; a Laurentian–Baltica proximity is unsupported until the Silurian; Siberia clusters with North China and eastern Laurentia during the Tremadocian–Darriwilian; during the Gorstian–Pridoli Siberia clusters with the Farewell and Alexander terranes; North China may have been close to Laurentia and the Argentinean margin of Gondwana; and the affinity of Tarim taxa is problematic.
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| 15. |
- Halldin, S, et al.
(author)
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NOPEX - a northern hemisphere climate processes land surface experiment
- 1998
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In: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0022-1694. ; 213:1-4, s. 172-187
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The interface between land surfaces and the atmosphere is a key area in climate research, where lack of basic knowledge prevents us from reducing the considerable uncertainties about predicted changes. Boreal forests play an important, but not well known,
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Harrie, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Some strategic national initiatives for the Swedish education in the geodata field
- 2014
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In: Proceedings of the AGILE'2014 International Conference on Geographic Information Science. - : AGILE Digital Editions. - 9789081696043
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes national cooperation in Sweden launched by its universities and authorities, aimed at improving geodata education. These initiatives have been focused upon providing common access to geodata, the production of teaching materials in Swedish and organizing annual meetings for teachers. We argue that this type of cooperation is vital to providing high quality education for a poorly recognized subject in a country with a relatively small population.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Högström, Herman, 1975-
(author)
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Optical Studies of Periodic Microstructures in Polar Materials
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The optical properties of matter are determined by the coupling of the incident electromagnetic radiation to oscillators within the material. The oscillators can be electrons, ions or molecules. Close to a resonance the dielectric function exhibits strong dispersion and may be negative. A negative dielectric function gives rise to a complex wave vector which is associated with no allowed states for photons, i.e. high extinction and bulk reflectance, as well as the possibility to support surface waves. It is possible to manufacture a dielectric material that generates a complex wave vector. Such materials are called photonic crystals and they may exhibit a frequency range without allowed states for photons, i.e. an energy gap. A photonic crystal has a periodically varying dielectric function and the lattice constant is of the same order of magnitude as the wavelengths of the gap. In this thesis, two optical phenomena causing a complex wave vector are combined. Polar materials, which have lattice resonance in the thermal infrared causing strong dispersion, are studied in combination with a periodic structure. The periodicity introduced is achieved using another material, but also by structuring of the polar material. One, two and three dimensional structures are considered. The polar materials used are silicon dioxide and silicon carbide. It is shown, both by calculations and experiments that the two optical phenomena can co-exist and interact, both constructively and destructively. A possible application for the combination of the two phenomena is discussed: Selective emittance in the thermal infrared. It is also shown that a polar material can be periodically structured by a focused ion beam in such way that it excites surface waves.
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| 20. |
- Högström, J., et al.
(author)
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Exploring local spatial planning as practices of process design in the Stockholm region, Sweden
- 2024
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In: European Planning Studies. - : Routledge. - 0965-4313 .- 1469-5944. ; 32:5, s. 1097-1117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The quest for sustainable urban development requires innovative planning approaches more apt to cater for transformative action. Based on a case study approach, this study aims to explore the potential for local planning to develop practical approaches able to accelerate the transition towards sustainable urban development. To guide spatial development towards sustainability, the analysis of the results shows that local planners need to envision a process design as to advance the understanding of how a site or area can be developed. The act of process design involves pending between processes of contextualization (i.e. exploring five distinguishable domains of planning inquiry) and concretization (i.e. deciding upon a course of action by executing activities that form a process trajectory). Regarding the potential of local planning to develop transformative approaches, it is concluded that: (i) local planners possess capabilities that allow them to probe the future of places and produce insights about prospective change, (ii) the transformative capacity of local planning practices is bound to the development of the identified domains of planning inquiry and (iii) forthcoming evaluations organized around the act of process design can reveal insights regarding the possibilities to put the notion of sustainability into practice at the local level.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Högström, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Momentum fluxes and wind gradients in the marine boundary layer : a multi platform study
- 2008
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In: Boreal environment research. - 1239-6095 .- 1797-2469. ; 13:6, s. 475-502
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During five autumn weeks, measurements of turbulent fluxes were obtained in the Baltic Sea at three levels on a 30-m tower and two levels on an ASIS buoy 4 km from the tower together with profiles of wind and temperature. Wave data and SST were obtained from ASIS. In the mean, momentum fluxes measured on the tower and on ASIS during onshore winds agree closely. Dimensionless wind gradients phi(m)(z/L) for (i) stable conditions are linear in z/L (L is the Obukhov length); (ii) unstable, growing sea conditions are much smaller than predicted by 'standard' equations, due to an indirect effect of the boundary layer height. Individual wind profiles extrapolated from ASIS to tower by integration of phi(m)(z/L) deviate by about 0.5 m s(-1) from measured values, but corresponding mean profiles agree well for all levels from 1.18 m to 30 m. This random variation in the wind field is shown to be related to inherent dynamics of the atmospheric surface layer.
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| 25. |
- Kröger, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Mass concentration of Hirnantian cephalopods from the Siljan District, Sweden; taxonomy, palaeoecology and palaeobiogeographic relationships
- 2011
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In: Fossil Record. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1435-1943. ; 14:1, s. 35-53
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Hirnantian Glisstjarn Formation (Normalograptus persculptus graptolite Biozone) is a succession of limestones and shales onlapping the Katian Boda Limestone in the Siljan District, Sweden. It contains a conspicuous, up to several decimeter thick bed densely packed with bipolarly oriented, orthoconic cephalopod conchs that can reach lengths of more than 120 cm. Conch fragmentation, bioereosion and the generally poor preservation of the conchs indicate time averaging and the conchs are tentatively interpreted as beached, and a result of winnowing. Ten nautiloid species were collected from the Glisstjarn Formation of which five are new: Dawsonoceras gregarium n. sp., Discoceras siljanense n. sp., Isorthoceras dalecarlense n. sp., Retizitteloceras rarum gen. et sp. n., and Transorthoceras osmundsbergense gen. et sp. n. The non-endemic taxa in most cases are known from elsewhere in Baltoscandia, except one species which is known from Siberia, and North America respectively. Proteocerid orthoceridans dominate the association, of which T. osmundsbergense is the predominant species. Oncocerids are diverse but together with tarphycerids very rare. Notable is the lack of many higher taxa, that are typical for other Late Ordovician shallow water depositional settings. Based on the taxonomical composition of the cephalopod mass occurrence it is interpreted as an indicator of eutrophication of the water masses in the area.
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| 26. |
- Larsson, Cecilia M
(author)
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Early Cambrian Problematic Lophotrochozoans and Dilemmas of Scleritome Reconstructions
- 2012
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The emergence and radiation of metazoan body plans around the Precambrian/Cambrian boundary, some 500-600 million years ago, seems to be concordant with the appearance and diversification of preservable hard parts. Several Precambrian soft-bodied, multicellular organisms most likely represent stem-group bilaterians, but their fossil record is rather sparse. In contrast, the Cambrian fossil record is comparably rich – comprising hard part, trace fossil and delicate soft tissue preservation – and most animal phyla that we know of today had evolved by the end of the Cambrian. Consequently, this time represents an important period in the early evolution of metazoan life forms. Most skeletal remnants of invertebrate organisms from this period are preserved in incomplete, disarticulated sclerite assemblages, and the true architecture of the original skeletal structure, the scleritome, may therefore be hard to discern. Many scleritomous taxa have been suggested to be members of the lophotrochozoan clade, while their exact position within this group remains unclear. Such taxa are often referred to as Problematica. This thesis deals with some problematic scleritomous early Cambrian lophotrochozoans, and as such also addresses the dilemmas of scleritome reconstructions. In the first part, completely disarticulated calcareous sclerites from the lower Cambrian of North Greenland are described as Trachyplax arctica. Hypothetical scleritome reconstruction alternatives and comparisons to other scleritome-bearing taxa are discussed, but the lack of articulated material obscures any satisfactory conclusions regarding phylogenetic affinities and the original morphology of the organism. The other part of the thesis focuses on some minute, organophosphatic scleritomous metazoans, tommotiids, found in lower Cambrian limestone successions in South Australia – Paterimitra pyramidalis and Kulparina rostrata – their scleritome architecture and their phylogenetic relationship with paterinid brachiopods. The oldest brachiopod from South Australia, Askepasma saproconcha, and the slightly younger Askepasma toddense are also described and discussed. Based on articulated specimens, recently described partial scleritomes of the tommotiid Eccentrotheca helenia and similarities in shell ultrastructure with both Eccentrotheca and Askepasma, Paterimitra is interpreted as a stem-group brachiopod and reconstructed as a bilaterally symmetrical, sessile, filter feeder with a tubular/conical scleritome. The morphological similarities with Paterimitra point in the same direction for the slightly older Kulparina.
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| 27. |
- Larsson, Cecilia M., et al.
(author)
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Trachyplax arctica, a new multiplated probelematic fossil from the lower Cambrian of North Greenland
- 2009
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In: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. - : Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Paleobiologii (Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences). - 0567-7920 .- 1732-2421. ; 54:3, s. 513-523
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new scleritome-bearing organism with eight sclerite types, Trachyplax arctica gen. et sp. nov., is described from the lower Cambrian Paralledal Formation of North Greenland. The originally calcareous sclerites are now silicified; no microstructures are preserved. The dominant sclerite type (A; maximum dimension 19.3 mm) is bilaterally symmetrical, strongly arched, with an oval shield showing co-marginal growth lines and a projecting rostrum with prominent radial ornamentation. A similar sclerite morphology can be identified in Silurian-Carboniferous multiplacophoran molluscs but the remaining sclerite types, which also display a combination of concentric and radial ornamentation, find no clear equivalents. Two models for scleritome reconstruction are presented, based on the relative abundance of the sclerites, but neither promotes a satisfactory assignment to a higher taxon. Despite the morphological dissimilarities, possibly reflecting the age discrepancy, reference to the Multiplacophora is most attractive and entails a substantial extension of the known geological range of that group.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Lehnert, Oliver, et al.
(author)
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The Siljan Meteorite Crater in central Sweden – an integral of the Swedish Deep Drilling Program (SDDP)
- 2012
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- New drill cores from the largest known impactstructure in Europe, the Siljan crater, provide superbpossibilities to reconstruct Early Palaeozoic marineenvironments and ecosystems, and to document changes insedimentary facies, sea-level and palaeoclimate. Themeteorite crater is a major target of the project ConcentricImpact Structures in the Palaeozoic (CISP) in theframework of the Swedish Deep Drilling Program.Studies of Ordovician and Silurian strata in the SiljanDistrict have a long tradition and many scientific papersdeal with the geology of the area. The Palaeozoicsuccession starts with the Tremadocian Obolusconglomerate, the youngest pre-Caledonian strata areMiddle Silurian shales of the Nederberga Formation.However, exposures are limited, there are few continoussections, and the Early Palaeozoic sedimentary rocksresting on the Precambrian basement are incompletelyinvestigated.Detailed sedimentological and biostratigraphicalstudies of the cores and the Nittsjö trench together withanalysis of the carbon isotope chemostratigraphy will allowintra- and intercontinental correlations and the dating ofCaledonian movements. Our preliminary studies show thatdifferent and yet undefined facies belts are preserved in theSiljan District. The recent findings of palaeokarst in thearea together with similar new findings in other parts ofBaltoscandia reflect times of subaerial exposure of thebasin regionally and challange the idea that theBaltoscandian basin was a deep and tranquil depositionalenvironment.Our preliminary data provide a first base forreinterpretations of this part of Sweden, previouslyregarded as representing a stable cratonic area unaffectedby the Caledonian collision between Baltica and Laurentia.The erosional unconformity and the substantial hiatusbetween Middle Ordovician limestones and late EarlySilurian shales in the western part of the crater suggests anextended period of uplift and erosion presumably related toflexural forebulge migration toward the east due to tectonicloading by the Caledonian nappes to the west. The Lowerto Middle Ordovician carbonate succession is only about21 m thick, with a sharp flooding surface on top of theMid-Ordovician Holen Formation. The overlyingsiliciclastic succession (Upper Llandovery, based ongraptolite data) comprises a minimum thickness of about224 m. The sudden deepening after the eastward migrationof the forebulge is indicated by rapid deposition of shalesand shale/mudstones displaying unstable conditionsexpressed by megaslumps, debris flows, turbidites andseveral synsedimentary tectonic features. The intercalationof a sandstone unit reflects a strong regression in this shalebasin followed by rapid transgression and deposition ofdark, organic-rich shale and mudstone.In contrast to this development, a classicalOrdovician/Silurian carbonate/shale succession, well103 IODP/ICDP Kolloquium Kiel, 07. – 09.03.2012Figure 6: Bathymetry map of Lake Ohrid. Proposed sites aremarked by the red dots.Figure 5: Multichannel seismic line crossing the DEEP-Site inthe central basin of Lake Ohrid.known from other parts of Sweden, formed in the northern(Skattungbyn-Kallholn), northeastern (Furudal), andsoutheastern part (Boda) of the Siljan District. Detailedsampling of the cores for stable isotopes, thermal maturity,geochemistry, sediment provenance, facies and microfaciesstudies in the autumn of 2011 now helps in solvingregional problems as well as stratigraphical andpalaeogeographical questions.
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| 31. |
- Meinhold, Guido, et al.
(author)
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U-Pb dating of calcite in ancient carbonates for age estimates of syn- to post-depositional processes : a case study from the upper Ediacaran strata of Finnmark, Arctic Norway
- 2020
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In: Geological Magazine. - : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 0016-7568 .- 1469-5081. ; 157:8, s. 1367-1372
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Results of in situ U-Pb dating of calcite spherulites, cone-in-cone (CIC) calcite and calcite fibres from a calcareous concretion of the upper Ediacaran of Finnmark, Arctic Norway, are reported. Calcite spherulites from the innermost layers of the concretion yielded a lower intercept age of 563 +/- 70 Ma, which, although imprecise, is within uncertainty of the age of sedimentation based on fossil assemblages. Non-deformed CIC calcite from the bottom part of the concretion yielded an age of 475 +/- 25 Ma, which is interpreted as the age of CIC calcite formation during a period of fluid overpressure induced during burial of the sediments. Deformed CIC calcite from the top part of the concretion yielded an age of 418 +/- 23 Ma, which overlaps with a known Caledonian tectono-metamorphic event, and indicates a potential post-depositional overprint at this time. Calcite fibres that grew in small fissures along spherulite rims, which are interpreted as a recrystallization feature during deformation and formation of a cleavage, gave an imprecise age of 486 +/- 161 Ma. Our results show that U-Pb dating of calcite can provide age constraints for ancient carbonates and syn- to post-depositional processes that operated during burial and metamorphic overprinting.
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| 32. |
- Månsson, Kristoffer N. T., et al.
(author)
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Improvement in indices of cellular protection after psychological treatment for social anxiety disorder
- 2019
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In: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 9:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Telomere attrition is a hallmark of cellular aging and shorter telomeres have been reported in mood and anxiety disorders. Telomere shortening is counteracted by the enzyme telomerase and cellular protection is also provided by the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Here, telomerase, GPx, and telomeres were investigated in 46 social anxiety disorder (SAD) patients in a within-subject design with repeated measures before and after cognitive behavioral therapy. Treatment outcome was assessed by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (self-report), administered three times before treatment to control for time and regression artifacts, and posttreatment. Venipunctures were performed twice before treatment, separated by 9 weeks, and once posttreatment. Telomerase activity and telomere length were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and GPx activity in plasma. All patients contributed with complete data. Results showed that social anxiety symptom severity was significantly reduced from pretreatment to posttreatment (Cohen’s d = 1.46). There were no significant alterations in telomeres or cellular protection markers before treatment onset. Telomere length and telomerase activity did not change significantly after treatment, but an increase in telomerase over treatment was associated with reduced social anxiety. Also, lower pretreatment telomerase activity predicted subsequent symptom improvement. GPx activity increased significantly during treatment, and increases were significantly associated with symptom improvement. The relationships between symptom improvement and putative protective enzymes remained significant also after controlling for body mass index, sex, duration of SAD, smoking, concurrent psychotropic medication, and the proportion of lymphocytes to monocytes. Thus, indices of cellular protection may be involved in the therapeutic mechanisms of psychological treatment for anxiety.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Skovsted, Christian B., et al.
(author)
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The scleritome of Paterimitra : an Early Cambrian stem group brachiopod from South Australia
- 2009
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In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 276:1662, s. 1651-1656
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Early Cambrian tommotiids are problematic fossil metazoans with external organophosphatic sclerites that have been considered to be basal members of the lophophorate stem group. Tommotiids are almost exclusively known from isolated or rarely fused individual sclerites, which made previous reconstructions of the actual organism highly conjectural. However, the recent discovery of the first articulated specimens of the tommotiid Eccentrotheca revealed a tubular sclerite arrangement (scleritome) that limited the possible life habit to sessile filter feeding and thus further supported a lophophorate affinity. Here, we report the first articulated specimens of a second tommotiid taxon, Paterimitra from the Early Cambrian of the Arrowie Basin, South Australia. Articulated specimens of Paterimitra are composed of two bilaterally symmetrical sclerite types and an unresolved number of small, asymmetrical and irregular crescent-shaped sclerites that attached to the anterior margin of the symmetrical sclerites. Together, the sclerites form an open cone in which the symmetrical sclerites are joined together and form a small posterior opening near the base of the scleritome, while the irregular crescent-shaped sclerites defined a broad anterior opening. The coniform scleritome of Paterimitra is interpreted to have attached to hard substrates via a pedicle that emerged through the small posterior opening ( sometimes forming a tube) and was probably a sessile filter feeder. The scleritome of Paterimitra can be derived from the tubular scleritome of Eccentrotheca by modification of basal sclerites and reduction in tube height, and probably represents a more derived member of the brachiopod stem group with the paired symmetrical sclerites possibly homologous to brachiopod valves.
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