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African Engagements : Africa Negotiating an Emerging Multipolar World
- 2011
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Editorial collection (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With the end of the Cold War, the world seemed to move from a bipolar to a unipolar system, with the neoliberal West globally imposing its laws. However, it has been acknowledged that other actors, such as China, India and Brazil, have become increasingly influential, helping to lead to a new multipolarity at the global level. The question of what this emerging multipolarity means for Africa is important. Will Africa become crushed in a mounting struggle over raw materials and political hegemony between superpowers and fall victim to a new scramble for Africa? Or does this new historic juncture offer African countries and groups greater room for negotiation and manoeuvring, eventually leading to stronger democracy and enhanced growth? The chapters in this volume offer food for thought on how Africa’s engagements with the world are currently being reshaped and revalued, and, importantly—on whose terms?
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| 2. |
- Anselm, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Bannlys alla politiska beslut som ger mer klimatutsläpp
- 2014
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In: Dagens Nyheter.
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Torftig valdebatt. Dagspolitiken klarar inte att hantera ödesfrågan om klimatet, vilket oroar oss. Vi föreslår därför ett ”utsläppsmoratorium”: inga beslut får tas som ökar utsläppen av växthusgaser. Principen måste kopplas till mål om exempelvis förnybar energi och grön infrastruktur, skriver 23 forskare och debattörer.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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Biofuels, Land Grabbing and Food Security in Africa
- 2011
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Editorial collection (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Energy crisis and climate change have generated global demands for alternative non-fossil fuel sources. This has led to a rapid increase of investments in production of liquid biofuels based on agricultural feed stocks such as sugar cane. Most African governments see biofuels as a potential for increasing agricultural productivity and export incomes and thus strengthening their national economies, improving energy balances and rural employment. At the same time climate change may be addressed through reduction of green house gas emissions.There are, however, a number of uncertainties mounting that challenge this scenario. Using in-depth African case studies this book addresses this knowledge gap by examining the impacts of large-scale biofuel production on African agriculture in regard to vital land outsourcing and food security issues. The surge for African biofuels has also opened space for private investors both domestic and external to multiply and network 'independently' of the state. The biofuel expansion thus generates new economic alliances and production relations, resulting in new forms of inclusions and exclusions within the rural population.An essential book for anyone wishing to understand the startling impact of biofuels and land outsourcing on Africa.
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Domination or dialogue? : experiences and prospects for African development cooperation
- 1996
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Editorial proceedings (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Beskrivning In a bid to contribute to a deeper understanding in the Nordic countries of the dynamics of development cooperation in Africa, the Nordic Africa Institute convened a conference in Uppsala, Sweden, in October 1995. This publication presents the papers and the discussions of the seminar, discussing the origins, achievements and problems as well as the prospects for sustainable development cooperation in Africa.
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| 7. |
- Eckerberg, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Varför brister politikerna när det gäller miljömålen?
- 2012
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In: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447.
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vad ska vi svara? Politikernas ambitiösa miljömål uppfylls sällan eller aldrig. När våra elever frågar oss varför blir vi ofta svaret skyldiga. Om politikerna inte vill att väljarna ska dra slutsatsen att de har misslyckats, måste de ange en realistisk väg att nå de uppsatta målen. Det skulle väcka respekt, skriver ledande forskare och samhällsplanerare.
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| 9. |
- Engström, Linda, et al.
(author)
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Large-scale land acquisition in Tanzania: a critical analyses of practices and dynamics
- 2014
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In: The global land grab: beyond the hype. - 978 1 78032 895 9 ; , s. 36-53
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter presents the current status of agrofuel investments in Tanzania and uses empirical data from three cases of large-scale investments for agrofuel production in the Rufiji, Bagamoyo, and Meru districts to provide snapshots of what is happening on the ground. The chapter also describes and analyses the history and trends in large-scale agricultural investments in Tanzania and key land acquisition processes, as well as the role of the state and other actors.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Havnevik, Kjell, et al.
(author)
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African Agriculture and The World Bank : Development or Impoverishment?
- 2007
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- African smallholder family farming, the backbone of the continental economy throughout the colonial and early post-colonial period, has been destabilized and eroded over the past thirty years. Despite the World Bank’s poverty alleviation concerns, agrarian livelihoods continue to unravel under the impact of economic liberalization and global value chains. Can African smallholders bounce back and compete? The World Development Report 2008 argues they can and must. How realistic is this given the history of World Bank conditionality in Africa? This essay explores the productivity and welfare concerns of Africa’s smallholder farming population in the shadow of the World Bank.
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| 13. |
- Havnevik, Kjell, et al.
(author)
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Introduction: A changing world and its consequences
- 2011
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In: African Engagements. - Leiden; Boston : Brill Academic Publishers. ; , s. 1-32
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With the end of the Cold War, the world seemed to move from a bipolar to a unipolar system, with the neoliberal West globally imposing its laws. However, it has been acknowledged that other actors, such as China, India and Brazil, have become increasingly influential, helping to lead to a new multipolarity at the global level. The question of what this emerging multipolarity means for Africa is important. Will Africa become crushed in a mounting struggle over raw materials and political hegemony between superpowers and fall victim to a new scramble for Africa? Or does this new historic juncture offer African countries and groups greater room for negotiation and manoeuvring, eventually leading to stronger democracy and enhanced growth? The chapters in this volume offer food for thought on how Africa’s engagements with the world are currently being reshaped and revalued, and, importantly—on whose terms?
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| 14. |
- Havnevik, Kjell
(author)
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Tanzania : the limits to development from above
- 1993
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The people of Tanzania have been subjected to a development from above, often implemented by force by the colonial and post-colonial state and advocated by external donor agencies, the IMF and the World Bank. This has resulted in a state-dominated, externally dependent and undemocratic society. This book aims at documenting peasant's response to state intervention, built on a case study of Rufiji district in Tanzania.
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| 16. |
- Havnevik, Kjell
(author)
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The Concept of Food Security
- 2011
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Lecture by Professor Kjell Havnevik. Filmed 14 December 2011 at the Nordic Africa Institute (60 min).
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| 17. |
- Mothander, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Farm implements for small-scale farmers in Tanzania
- 1989
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This insightful book deals with major issues related to hand- and ox-drawn farm implements for different farming systems and ecological areas in Tanzania. The study is concerned about ways and means to assist and improve critical activities of peasant farming in Tanzania.
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| 19. |
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Tanzania : crisis and struggle for survival
- 1986
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This is one of the first comprehensive books on the crisis of the Tanzanian economy and society during the 1980s, including the manifestations of the problems and the responses to them at different levels. It frankly examines the long-term causes of the crisis and endeavours to map ways ahead.
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| 20. |
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Tanzania in transition : From Nyerere to Mkapa
- 2010
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Editorial collection (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- This book is the first comprehensive contribution to understanding the character of important societal transitions in Tanzania during Benjamin Mkapa's presidency (1995 - 2005). The analyses of the trajectory of these transitions are conducted against the background of the development model of Tanzanian's first president, Julius Nyerere (1961 - 1985), a model with lasting influence on the country. This approach enables an understanding of continuities and discontinuities in Tanzania over time in areas such as development strategy an ideology, agrarian-land, gender and forestry issues, economic liberalization, development assistance, corruption and political change.The period of Mkapa's presidency is particularly important because it represents the first phase of Tanzania's multi-party political system. Mkapa's government initially faced a gloomy economic situation. Although Mkapa's crusade against corruption lost direction, his presidency was characterised by relatively high growth rates and a stable macro-economy. Rural and agrarian transitions were dominated by diversification rather than productivity growth and transformation. Rural attitudes in favour of land markets emerged only slowly but formal land disputes showed more respect for women's rights. Some space emerged for widening local participation in forest management, but rural dynamics was mainly found in trading settlements feeding on economic liberalization and artisanal mining.The transitions documented and analysed of Mkapa's presidency, however, indicate only limited transformational change. Rural poverty is therefore likely to remain deep and the sustainability of economic development to be at risk in the future. Mkapa was, however, able to protect the legacy of peace and political stability of Nyerere, but there were nevertheless important challenges to the first multiparty elections and governance, and particularly in Zanzibar. The post- script (covering 2005 2010), indicates that the incumbent president, Jakaya Kikwete, has yet to prove that he can change this legacy of Mkapa.The contributions to the eleven chapters of this book are evenly shared between Tanzanian, Nordic and other European researchers with a long-term commitment to Tanzanian development research. The book is dedicated to the youth of Tanzania.
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| 21. |
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The IMF and the World Bank in Africa : conditionality, impact and alternatives
- 1987
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Editorial proceedings (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Most Sub-Saharan African countries have, during the 1980s, implemented a program of structural adjustment in conjunction with the IMF and the World Bank. These international institutions have thus had a decisive role in the formulation of economic policies in these countries.In early 1987, a conference on the "IMF and the World Bank in Africa" was arranged by the Scandinavian Institute of African Studies in Uppsala. In the conference the character of the conditionality requirements attached to these programs were investigated by a group of international experts and their impacts were analysed on a macro-level and through specific studies of Nigeria, the Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique, South Africa, the Ivory Coast and India for comparative purposes. The conference also aimed at suggesting alternative and improved conditionality in the African context.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Öhman, May-Britt, 1966-
(author)
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Taming exotic beauties : Swedish hydropower constructions in Tanzania in the era of development assistance, 1960s-1990s
- 2007
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This study analyses the history of a large hydroelectric scheme – the Great Ruaha power project in Tanzania. The objective is to establish why and how this specific scheme came about, and as part of this to identify the key actors involved in the decision-making process, including the ideological contexts within which they acted. Although the Tanzanian actors and the World Bank (IBRD) are discussed, main focus is on the Swedish actors on project level.Kidatu, the first phase of the Great Ruaha power project (constructed between1970-1975), became the first large-scale hydropower station in Tanzania. As such, it paved the way for Tanzanian entrance into the Big Dam Era and significant changes within the Tanzanian landscape. As well as the dry river bed at Kidatu, and the small reservoir that precedes it, the Great Ruaha power project also involved the creation of a huge artificial lake, the Mtera reservoir. The Kidatu hydropower station was the first large undertaking within Swedish bilateral aid, and implied the takeover of control of hydropower construction in Tanzania by Swedish enterprises, replacing the enterprises of the former colonial power. A hydropower plant is a complex technoscientific artefact. The construction of a hydropower plant is preceded by a large number of technological choices, scientific prestudies and estimations of costs and revenues. A hydropower plant is also a complex social creation, and is as such filled with social actors engaged in conflicts, compromises and power structures. The decision to construct Kidatu hydropower station was a result of negotiations and activities within what is called “development assistance”. This brings in yet another dimension, the political one, involving export and import of technology, foreign capital, and foreign influence in decision-making processes, as well as ideas about how to bring development and progress to a people supposed to be living in “poverty and misery”. The study is divided into three main parts. The first part analyses the context of Swedish development assistance in the support to the construction of hydropower plants. This part discusses Swedish state-supported hydropower exploitation of indigenous people’s territory within Sweden’s borders in the 20th century and the background of Swedish development assistance, from the 1950s to the early 1960s. The second part analyses the event of Swedish development assistance entering Tanzania and the Great Ruaha power project, with the main focus being on the period 1965 – 1970. The third part is an analysis of the technoscientific basis for the decisions taken to implement the Great Ruaha hydropower scheme. Main focus is on the period 1969-1974, discussed against the backdrop of precolonial and colonial studies. While focus is on the 1960s and 1970s, in both part two and three events in the 1980s and 1990s are discussed. The study shows that although Sweden was not a colonial power in Tanzania, colonial imagery, and relations to the colonial era, as well as Sweden’s background of internal colonialisation, exerted an influence on the decision-making process and the actors involved in the Great Ruaha power project.The study is mainly based on archival sources, complemented with oral sources from Tanzania and Sweden. Recognizing the complexity of large-scale hydropower and the attempts to control watercourses that large scale hydropower necessitates, in the specific context of decolonisation and development assistance that the decision-making process behind the Great Ruaha hydropower scheme reveals, the analysis of the actors involved is based on feminist and postcolonial perspectives.
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