| 1. |
- Bowers, Robert M., et al.
(author)
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Minimum information about a single amplified genome (MISAG) and a metagenome-assembled genome (MIMAG) of bacteria and archaea
- 2017
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In: Nature Biotechnology. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696. ; 35:8, s. 725-731
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present two standards developed by the Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) for reporting bacterial and archaeal genome sequences. Both are extensions of the Minimum Information about Any (x) Sequence (MIxS). The standards are the Minimum Information about a Single Amplified Genome (MISAG) and the Minimum Information about a Metagenome-Assembled Genome (MIMAG), including, but not limited to, assembly quality, and estimates of genome completeness and contamination. These standards can be used in combination with other GSC checklists, including the Minimum Information about a Genome Sequence (MIGS), Minimum Information about a Metagenomic Sequence (MIMS), and Minimum Information about a Marker Gene Sequence (MIMARKS). Community-wide adoption of MISAG and MIMAG will facilitate more robust comparative genomic analyses of bacterial and archaeal diversity.
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| 2. |
- Drake, Marcus J, et al.
(author)
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Structural and functional denervation of human detrusor after spinal cord injury.
- 2000
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In: Laboratory Investigation. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0023-6837 .- 1530-0307. ; 80:10, s. 1491-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The bladder receives an extensive nerve supply that is predominantly cholinergic, but several putative transmitters are present, some of which are colocalized. Previous studies have shown increased levels of sensory nerves, reduced inhibitory transmitters, and structural and functional changes in the excitatory input in unstable bladder conditions. The present study compared the end-organ nerve supply to the bladder in spinal cord injury (SCI) with uninjured controls. Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry and double-label immunofluorescence were used to investigate neurotransmitter content, with confocal laser scanning microscopy to assess colocalization. Organ bath studies provided functional correlates for the structural changes in the excitatory innervation. Control samples had dense innervation of the detrusor containing a diverse range of transmitters. Hyperreflexic SCI samples showed patchy denervation, and areflexic SCI samples were diffusely denervated. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, neuropeptide Y-, neuronal nitric oxide synthase-, and galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibers were reduced from frequent or moderately frequent to infrequent or very infrequent in SCI. Calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive fibers were infrequent in controls and SCI samples. Patterns of colocalization were unchanged, but significantly fewer fibers expressed more than one transmitter. The subepithelial plexus was markedly reduced and several of the smaller coarse nerve trunks showed no immunoreactivity to the transmitters assessed. There was no reduction in sensitivity to electrical field stimulation of intrinsic nerves in SCI, but the maximum force generated by each milligram of bladder tissue and the peak force as a proportion of the maximum carbachol contraction were significantly reduced and the responses were protracted. There was no significant functional atropine-resistant neuromuscular transmission in controls or SCI. The reported findings have clinical implications in the management of chronic SCI and development of new treatments.
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| 3. |
- Gratzke, Christian, et al.
(author)
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Cannabinor, a Selective Cannabinoid-2 Receptor Agonist, Improves Bladder Emptying in Rats With Partial Urethral Obstruction
- 2011
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In: JOURNAL OF UROLOGY. - : Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam. - 0022-5347 .- 1527-3792. ; 185:2, s. 731-736
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: We studied the effects of chronic treatment with the novel selective cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist cannabinor (Procter andamp; Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Cincinnatti, Ohio) on bladder function in conscious rats with partial urethral obstruction and on the functional properties of isolated detrusor muscle. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 female Sprague-Dawley(R) rats with surgically created partial urethral obstruction received daily intraperitoneal injections of 3 mg/kg cannabinor (12) or saline as controls (12) for 2 weeks. Cystometry was done, the rats were sacrificed and the bladders were prepared for in vitro studies. Results: Mean +/- SEM bladder weight was 0.97 +/- 0.15 gm in controls and 0.53 +/- 0.08 gm in cannabinor treated rats (p andlt; 0.05). There was no difference between the groups in the mean micturition interval, or mean baseline, threshold, flow or maximum pressure. In controls and cannabinor treated rats mean post-void residual volume was 0.28 +/- 0.07 and 0.06 +/- 0.02 ml, mean micturition compliance was 0.032 +/- 0.006 and 0.069 +/- 0.016 ml/cm H2O, and mean bladder wall force at the start of flow was 950 +/- 280 and 1,647 +/- 325 mN/gm, respectively (each p andlt; 0.05). Nonvoiding contractions were significantly less frequent in cannabinor treated rats than in controls. We noted no difference in carbachol (Sigma(R)) half maximum concentration between the groups but the carbachol maximum response in detrusor strips from cannabinor treated rats was significantly higher than that in control strips. Conclusions: In rats with partial urethral obstruction treated daily for 14 days with cannabinor bladder weight was lower, the ability to empty the bladder was preserved and nonvoiding contraction frequency was low compared to those in controls. Detrusor preparations from cannabinor treated rats showed a higher response to nerve stimulation than those from controls. Selective cannabinoid 2 receptor activation may be a novel principle to enable improved bladder function after partial urethral obstruction.
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| 4. |
- Hedlund, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Ultrathin oriented zeolite LTA films
- 1997
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In: Chemical Communications. - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; :13, s. 1193-1194
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ultrathin oriented films of zeolite LTA are prepared on single-crystal alumina supports by a method including adsorption of LTA seeds on the support followed by hydrothermal film crystallization.
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| 5. |
- Mintova, Svetlana, et al.
(author)
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Continuous films of zeolite ZSM-5 on modified gold surfaces
- 1997
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In: Chemical Communications. - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; :1, s. 15-16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thin continuous films of zeolite ZSM-5 on gold surfaces are prepared by a novel method including silanization, charge modification and seeding of the surface prior to the hydrothermal crystallization of the zeolite.
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| 6. |
- Mintova, Svetlana, et al.
(author)
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Preparation of ZSM-5 films from template free precursors
- 1997
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In: Journal of Materials Chemistry. - 0959-9428 .- 1364-5501. ; 7:12, s. 2341-2342
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thin films of zeolite ZSM-5 on quartz substrates have been prepared in the absence of organic templates by growth of adsorbed seed crystals attached to a polymer-modified substrate surface.
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| 7. |
- Mintova, Svetlana, et al.
(author)
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ZSM-5 films prepared from template free precursors
- 1998
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In: Journal of Materials Chemistry. - 0959-9428 .- 1364-5501. ; 8:10, s. 2217-2221
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thin continuous films of zeolite ZSM-5 were synthesized on quartz substrates. The substrates were first surface modified and covered by a monolayer of colloidal silicalite-1 seed crystals. These crystals were grown into continuous films with thicknesses in the range 230-3500 nm by hydrothermal treatment in a synthesis gel free from organic templates. The preferential orientation of the crystals constituting the film was initially one with thec-axis close to parallel to the substrate surface. During the course of crystallization this orientation changed to one with most of the crystals having the c-axes directed approximately 35° from perpendicular to the substrate surface. A mechanism explaining this behavior is proposed. The final thickness of the film was controlled by the synthesis time but also by the addition of seed crystals to the synthesis gel. Films prepared according to this method may be of great value for the development of zeolite based membranes.
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| 8. |
- Murray, Alison E., et al.
(author)
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Roadmap for naming uncultivated Archaea and Bacteria
- 2020
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In: Nature Microbiology. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2058-5276. ; 5:8, s. 987-994
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The assembly of single-amplified genomes (SAGs) and metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) has led to a surge in genome-based discoveries of members affiliated with Archaea and Bacteria, bringing with it a need to develop guidelines for nomenclature of uncultivated microorganisms. The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) only recognizes cultures as 'type material', thereby preventing the naming of uncultivated organisms. In this Consensus Statement, we propose two potential paths to solve this nomenclatural conundrum. One option is the adoption of previously proposed modifications to the ICNP to recognize DNA sequences as acceptable type material; the other option creates a nomenclatural code for uncultivated Archaea and Bacteria that could eventually be merged with the ICNP in the future. Regardless of the path taken, we believe that action is needed now within the scientific community to develop consistent rules for nomenclature of uncultivated taxa in order to provide clarity and stability, and to effectively communicate microbial diversity. In this Consensus Statement, the authors discuss the issue of naming uncultivated prokaryotic microorganisms, which currently do not have a formal nomenclature system due to a lack of type material or cultured representatives, and propose two recommendations including the recognition of DNA sequences as type material.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Omanakuttan, Giriprasanth, et al.
(author)
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Surface emitting 1.5 mu m multi-quantum well LED on epitaxial lateral overgrowth InP/Si
- 2020
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In: Optical Materials Express. - : The Optical Society. - 2159-3930 .- 2159-3930. ; 10:7, s. 1714-1723
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We demonstrate a surface emitting 1.5 mu m multi-quantum well (MQW) light-emitting diode (LED) on a 3-inch epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELOG) InP/Si wafer. The enhanced crystalline quality of ELOG InP/Si is revealed by various characterization techniques, which gives rise to a MQW with high photoluminescence intensity at 1.5 mu m and interference fringes arising from the vertical Fabry-Perot cavity. The LED devices exhibited strong electroluminescence intensity that increased with pump current. Moreover, transparency current measurements indicate optical gain in the 1.5 mu m MQW on InP/Si. The results are encouraging for obtaining wafer scale 1.5 mu m surface emitting laser structures on silicon with further optimization.
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| 11. |
- Paulsson, Björn, et al.
(author)
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Sustainable bridges : results from a European integrated project
- 2010
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In: Large structures and infrastructures for environmentally constrained and urbanised areas. - Zurich : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. - 9783857481222
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In Europe there are more than 1 million bridges, many of them older than 50 years and quite a few of the railway bridges even have an age of more than100 years. These bridges represent a large value. Often there is a wish to increase speed and loads on existing bridges and then the question is if a bridge can be strengthened to fulfil the demands, or if it has to be replaced with a new one? This was the background for a European integrated research project within the 6th Framework Programme named "Sustainable Bridges". The project was carried out between 2003 and 2007 with 32 partners from 12 countries and with a gross budget of more than 10 million Euros. The aim of the project was to help to increase the use of the European railway network. For bridges, this can only be achieved by allowing higher axle loads on freight vehicles and by increasing the maximum permissible speed of passenger trains. In turn, any strengthening or maintenance work on the existing bridge stock to help in meeting this challenge must be undertaken without causing unnecessary disruption to the carriage of passengers and goods, and without compromising the safety and economy of the working railway. The project has developed many background documents and the following four major guidelines:(a) Inspection and Condition Assessment of Railway Bridges (b) Load and Resistance Assessment of Railway Bridges (c) Monitoring of Railway Bridges (d) Repair and Strengthening of Railway Bridges The results have been tested and demonstrated on several bridges in order to promote better engineering solutions which may produce savings throughout Europe. In the paper reflections on the efficiency and dissemination of the project will be given as well as examples of results and how they now are implemented. All major results from the project are available at the website http://www.sustainablebridges.net/.
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| 12. |
- Saw, Jimmy H., et al.
(author)
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Exploring microbial dark matter to resolve the deep archaeal ancestry of eukaryotes
- 2015
-
In: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8436 .- 1471-2970. ; 370:1678
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The origin of eukaryotes represents an enigmatic puzzle, which is still lacking a number of essential pieces. Whereas it is currently accepted that the process of eukaryogenesis involved an interplay between a host cell and an alphaproteo-bacterial endosymbiont, we currently lack detailed information regarding the identity and nature of these players. A number of studies have provided increasing support for the emergence of the eukaryotic host cell from within the archaeal domain of life, displaying a specific affiliation with the archaeal TACK superphylum. Recent studies have shown that genomic exploration of yet-uncultivated archaea, the so-called archaeal 'dark matter', is able to provide unprecedented insights into the process of eukaryogenesis. Here, we provide an overview of state-of-the-art cultivation-independent approaches, and demonstrate how these methods were used to obtain draft genome sequences of several novel members of the TACK superphylum, including Lokiarchaeum, two representatives of the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group (Bathyarchaeota), and a Korarchaeum-related lineage. The maturation of cultivation-independent genomics approaches, as well as future developments in next-generation sequencing technologies, will revolutionize our current view of microbial evolution and diversity, and provide profound new insights into the early evolution of life, including the enigmatic origin of the eukaryotic cell.
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| 13. |
- Schoeman, Brian J., et al.
(author)
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The growth of sub-micron films of TPA-silicalite-1 on single crystal silicon wafers from low-temperature clear solutions
- 1997
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In: Zeolites. - 0144-2449. ; 19:1, s. 21-28
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The direct synthesis of thin films of crystalline silicalite-1 upon single crystal silicon wafers at a crystallization temperature of 100°C has been investigated by varying the composition of the clear tetrapropylammonium (TPA) silicate synthesis solutions. Synthesis mixture compositions known to yield monodisperse colloidal crystals of TPA-silicalite-1 upon hydrothermal treatment as well as those reported to yield silicalite-1 films at higher temperatures have been found not suitable for the preparation of silicalite-1 films at 100°C. Lower crystal growth rates and smaller thicknesses of the gel film that forms on the wafer at this temperature decrease the tolerance to alkalinity, resulting in etching via the consumption of the gel layer before the growing crystals succeed in forming a closed film followed by the removal of the protective silicon oxide film on the wafer. Thin oriented silicalite-1 films with thicknesses in the range of 180 nm to 1 μm have been obtained by varying the alkalinity and water, the TPA, and the silica contents of the reaction mixture. Lower alkalinities and higher silica concentrations favor the formation of a thicker amorphous gel layer. Although increased TPA+ concentrations at constant alkalinity increase the number of nuclei that form on this layer, higher TPA+ concentrations have been observed to be required at higher alkalinities to achieve similar rates of nucleation. Rinsing the wafer surfaces initially with a 0.025 M TPAOH solution before rinsing with water and acetone produces cleaner surfaces free of post-treatment artifacts
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| 14. |
- Valtchev, V., et al.
(author)
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Deposition of continuous silicalite-1 films on inorganic fibers
- 1997
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In: Microporous Materials. - 0927-6513 .- 1873-3107. ; 8:1-2, s. 93-101
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Silicalite-fiber composites were prepared by a new method for the synthesis of molecular sieve films. The method consists of two steps: in the first one, the surface charge of the support is reversed by treatment with a cationic polymer solution and a monolayer of negatively charged colloidal molecular sieve seed crystals is adsorbed on the surface. The second step consists of hydrothermal treatment of the support in a molecular sieve precursor solution resulting in the formation of a continuous film of molecular sieve. The method was applied to carbon, ZrO2, Al2O3, mullite, ceramic and pyrex glass fibers. The crystallization of continuous silicalite-1 films on all types of fibers was confirmed by SEM, XRD, FTIR, DTA analyses and BET surface area measurements.
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| 15. |
- Valtchev, Valentin, et al.
(author)
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Preparation and characterization of hollow fibers of silicalite-1
- 1996
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In: Zeolites. - 0144-2449. ; 17:5-6, s. 408-415
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hollow fibers consisting solely of silicalite-1 were prepared by a novel method consisting of four basic steps. Carbon fibers were first surface modified to facilitate adsorption of colloidal seed crystals of silicalite-1. Such particles were then adsorbed as a monolayer on the fiber surface and induced to grow into a continuous film of intergrown crystals of silicalite-1. Finally, the carbon fiber used as a template was removed by calcination in air, yielding hollow fibers of silicalite-1. Hollow fibers were prepared in two experimental series employing different synthesis conditions resulting in two different modes of growth. The first experimental series was performed with a clear homogeneous TPAOH/silica solution crystallizing at 100°C, and the second series with a NaOH-TPABr/silica gel crystallizing at 150°C. Materials produced in the first series showed a smooth and homogeneous surface and a relatively uniform fiber wall with a final thickness of 1.1 μm. In these materials the film was formed by crystals growing outward from the surface of the carbon fiber. Materials produced in the second series were less uniform with a final thickness of the fiber wall of about 3.2 μm. The crystal growth in these materials appeared to take place both in an inward and outward direction starting from the seed crystals adsorbed on the carbon fiber. The hollow fibers prepared were characterized by SEM, XRD, FT i.r., and nitrogen adsorption measurements.
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