| 1. |
- Ruilope, LM, et al.
(author)
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Design and Baseline Characteristics of the Finerenone in Reducing Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease Trial
- 2019
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In: American journal of nephrology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9670 .- 0250-8095. ; 50:5, s. 345-356
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. <b><i>Patients and</i></b> <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥25 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 to ≤5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level α = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049.
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| 2. |
- Ferreira, Mjv, et al.
(author)
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Poster Session 3 : Tuesday 5 May 2015, 08
- 2015
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In: European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-2404 .- 2047-2412. ; 16 Suppl 1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- Aberg, J, et al.
(author)
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Electrical properties of the TiSi2-Si transition region in contacts : The influence of an interposed layer of Nb
- 2001
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In: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 90:5, s. 2380-2388
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The influence of an interposed ultrathin Nb layer between Ti and Si on the silicide formation and the electrical contact between the silicide formed and the Si substrate is investigated. The presence of the Nb interlayer results in the formation of ternary alloy (Nb,Ti)Si-2 in the C40 crystallographic structure adjacent to the Si substrate. Depending on the nature of the Si substrates and/or the amount of the initial Nb, the interfacial C40 (Nb,Ti)Si-2 leads, in turn, to either epitaxial growth of a highly faulted metastable C40 TiSi2 or formation of the desired C54 TiSi2 at a lower temperature than needed for it to form in reference samples with Ti deposited directly on Si. On p-type substrates doped to various concentrations, the Nb also leads to a considerably lower specific contact resistivity than that obtained in the reference samples: a twofold to fourfold reduction in the contact resistivity is found using cross-bridge Kelvin structures in combination with two-dimensional numerical simulation. As C40 (Nb,Ti)Si-2 forms at the interface when an interfacial Nb is present, the interface characterized is likely to represent the one between (Nb,Ti)Si-2 and Si. For the reference samples, the interface studied is between TiSi2 and Si.
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| 7. |
- Al-Khalili, A, et al.
(author)
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Dissociative recombination cross section and branching ratios of protonated dimethyl disulfide and N-methylacetamide
- 2004
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In: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 121:12, s. 5700-5708
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and N-methylacetamide are two first choice model systems that represent the disulfide bridge bonding and the peptide bonding in proteins. These molecules are therefore suitable for investigation of the mechanisms involved when proteins fragment under electron capture dissociation (ECD). The dissociative recombination cross sections for both protonated DMDS and protonated N-methylacetamide were determined at electron energies ranging from 0.001 to 0.3 eV. Also, the branching ratios at 0 eV center-of-mass collision energy were determined. The present results give support for the indirect mechanism of ECD, where free hydrogen atoms produced in the initial fragmentation step induce further decomposition. We suggest that both indirect and direct dissociations play a role in ECD.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Patrik U, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Formation of Highly Rovibrationally Excited Ammonia from Dissociative Recombination of NH4
- 2010
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In: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7185. ; 1:17, s. 2519-2523
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The internal energy distribution of ammonia formed in the dissociative recombination (DR) of NH4+ with electrons has been studied by an imaging technique at the ion storage ring CRYRING. The DR process resulted in the formation of NH3 + H (0.90 ± 0.01), with minor contributions from channels producing NH2 + H2 (0.05 ± 0.01) and NH2 + 2H (0.04 ± 0.02). The formed NH3 molecules were highly internally excited, with a mean rovibrational energy of 3.3 ± 0.4 eV, which corresponds to 70% of the energy released in the neutralization process. The internal energy distribution was semiquantitatively reproduced by ab initio direct dynamics simulations, and the calculations suggested that the NH3 molecules are highly vibrationally excited while rotational excitation is limited. The high internal excitation and the translational energy of NH3 and H will influence their subsequent reactivity, an aspect that should be taken into account when developing detailed models of the interstellar medium and ammonia-containing plasmas.
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| 24. |
- Petrignani, Annemieke, et al.
(author)
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Dissociative recombination of the weakly bound NO-dimer cation: cross sections and three-body dynamics.
- 2005
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In: The Journal of chemical physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 123:19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dissociative recombination (DR) of the dimer ion (NO)(2) (+) has been studied at the heavy-ion storage ring CRYRING at the Manne Siegbahn Laboratory, Stockholm. The experiments were aimed at determining details on the strongly enhanced thermal rate coefficient for the dimer, interpreting the dissociation dynamics of the dimer ion, and studying the degree of similarity to the behavior in the monomer. The DR rate reveals that the very large efficiency of the dimer rate with respect to the monomer is limited to electron energies below 0.2 eV. The fragmentation products reveal that the breakup into the three-body channel NO+O+N dominates with a probability of 0.69+/-0.02. The second most important channel yields NO+NO fragments with a probability of 0.23+/-0.03. Furthermore, the dominant three-body breakup yields electronic and vibrational ground-state products, NO(upsilon=0)+N((4)S)+O((3)P), in about 45% of the cases. The internal product-state distribution of the NO fragment shows a similarity with the product-state distribution as predicted by the Franck-Condon overlap between a NO moiety of the dimer ion and a free NO. The dissociation dynamics seem to be independent of the NO internal energy. Finally, the dissociation dynamics reveal a correlation between the kinetic energy of the NO fragment and the degree of conservation of linear momentum between the O and N product atoms. The observations support a mechanism in which the recoil takes place along one of the NO bonds in the dimer.
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| 25. |
- Pettersson, Jan B. C., 1962, et al.
(author)
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Dissociative recombination and excitation of D-5(+) by collisions with low-energy electrons
- 2015
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In: Molecular Physics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0026-8976 .- 1362-3028. ; 113:15-16, s. 2099-2104
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report results from high-resolution studies of D-5(+) cluster ion collisions with low-energy electrons performed in a heavy ion storage ring. Absolute dissociative recombination (DR) and dissociative excitation (DE) cross sections were determined for the energy range from 0.0005 to 20eV. The DR cross sections were exceedingly large at low energies, and DR resulted in efficient internal energy redistribution and pronounced fragmentation with two main product channels: D-2+3D (0.62 +/- 0.03) and 2D(2)+D (0.35 +/- 0.01). The DR and DE cross sections were comparable in the energy range from 0.2 to 20eV, which suggest that the two processes follow similar dynamics and are competing outcomes of the ion-electron interaction. A simple picture of the recombination process of D-5(+) which captures the essential physics is suggested. RAHAMSSON K, 1993, NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
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| 29. |
- Thacher, J. D., et al.
(author)
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Tobacco smoke exposure in early life and adolescence in relation to lung function
- 2018
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In: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 51:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with impaired lung function among young children, but less is known about long-term effects and the impact of adolescents' own smoking. We investigated the influence of maternal smoking during pregnancy, secondhand smoke exposure and adolescent smoking on lung function at age 16 years. The BAMSE (Barn/Child, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology) birth cohort collected information on participants' tobacco smoke exposure through repeated questionnaires, and measured saliva cotinine concentrations at age 16 years. Participants performed spirometry and impulse oscillometry (IOS) at age 16 years (n=2295). Exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio of -1.1% (95% CI -2.0 to -0.2%). IOS demonstrated greater resistance at 5-20 Hz (R5-20) in participants exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Adolescents who smoked had reduced FEV1/FVC ratios of -0.9% (95% CI -1.8 to -0.1%) and increased resistance of 6.5 Pa.L-1.s (95% CI 0.7 to 12.2 Pa.L-1.s) in R5-20. Comparable associations for FEV1/FVC ratio were observed for cotinine concentrations, using. 12 ng.mL(-1) as a cut-off for adolescent smoking. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with lower FEV1/FVC ratios and increased airway resistance. In addition, adolescent smoking appears to be associated with reduced FEV1/FVC ratios and increased peripheral airway resistance.
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| 30. |
- Thomas, R. D., et al.
(author)
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Hot Water from Cold. The Dissociative Recombination of Water Cluster Ions
- 2010
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In: Journal of Physical Chemistry A. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5639 .- 1520-5215. ; 114:14, s. 4843-4846
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dissociative recombination of the Zundel cation D(5)O(2)(+) almost exclusively produces D + 2 D(2)O with a maximum kinetic energy release of 5.1 eV. An imaging technique is used to investigate the distribution of the available reaction energy among these products. Analysis shows that as much as 4 eV can be stored internally by the molecular fragments, with a preference for producing highly excited molecular fragments, and that the deuteron shows a nonrandom distribution of kinetic energies. A possible mechanism and the implications for these observations are addressed.
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| 31. |
- Virta, Jenni, et al.
(author)
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Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibition on inflammation in atherosclerosis : A 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose study of a mouse model of atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes
- 2020
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In: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 305, s. 64-72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and aims: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective effects. We evaluated the effects of the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin on atherosclerotic plaque and hepatic inflammation using histology and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG), a positron emission tomography tracer of inflammation, in a mouse model of hypercholesterolemia and type 2 diabetes. Methods: Igf2/Ldlr−/−Apob100/100 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and then randomly allocated to receive HFD (n = 14), or HFD with added linagliptin (n = 15) for additional 12 weeks. Five mice fed a chow diet were studied as an additional control. At the end of the study, glucose tolerance, aortic and liver uptake of 18F-FDG, and histology were studied. Results: Mice in linagliptin and HFD groups had similar fasting glucose concentrations, but linagliptin improved glucose tolerance. Aortas of linagliptin and HFD groups showed advanced atherosclerotic plaques with no difference in the mean intima-to-media ratio or number of macrophages in the plaques. Autoradiography showed similar 18F-FDG uptake by atherosclerotic plaques in linagliptin and HFD groups (plaque-to-wall ratio: 1.7 ± 0.25 vs. 1.6 ± 0.21; p = 0.24). In the liver, linagliptin reduced the histologic inflammation score but had no effect on 18F-FDG uptake. Compared with chow diet, uptake of 18F-FDG was similar in the aorta, but higher in the liver after HFD. Conclusions: Linagliptin therapy improved glucose tolerance and reduced hepatic inflammation but had no effect on plaque burden or atherosclerotic inflammation, as determined by histology and 18F-FDG uptake, in atherosclerotic mice with type 2 diabetes.
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