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| 8. |
- Forsberg, Sarah, et al.
(author)
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Perceptions and Attitudes about Eating with the Fingers-An Explorative Study among Older Adults with Motoric Eating Difficulties, Relatives and Professional Caregivers
- 2022
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In: Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics. - : Routledge. - 2155-1197 .- 2155-1200. ; 41:1, s. 65-91
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Difficulties of managing cutlery, manipulating food on the plate and transporting food to the mouth may negatively influence the ability for self-provision and nutritional status among older adults with motoric eating difficulties. The purpose was to explore perceptions and attitudes about eating with the fingers among older adults with motoric eating difficulties, and relatives and professional caregivers of older adults with motoric eating difficulties. Qualitative data was collected through individual interviews with older adults >65 years ( N = 14) with motoric eating difficulties and focus groups with relatives ( N = 15) and professional caregivers ( N = 15). Data was analyzed using deductive and inductive content analysis. Although the older adults had normative ideas about proper eating and culinary rules, they regularly consumed several foods with their fingers without previously reflecting upon this. Using bread to grip or wrap foods and inserting skewers into foods may increase the acceptability of eating with the fingers. However, the importance of the disease causing the eating difficulties, how it was perceived, and its severity were crucial in understanding how eating with the fingers was perceived. Finger foods may be suitable for older adults with major eating difficulties because they have developed a self-acceptance in relation to their condition over time.
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| 11. |
- Sundholm, John, 1964-
(author)
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ULKOMAALAINEN/UTLÄNNINGEN/YABANCI (1979-1981-1983) - A MOST TYPICAL MIGRANT ARCHIVAL OBJECT
- 2022
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In: L'Atalante. - 1885-3730 .- 2340-6992. ; 34, s. 103-114
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article explores the history and archival trajectory of the Finnish-Swedish-Turkish film Ulkomaalainen/Utlänningen/Yabanci [Foreigner], made by the Turkish immigrant Muammer Özer. By examining the connection between the history of its production and of the distribution of its various versions, it is argued that this film constitutes “a most typical migrant archival object’. This kind of film is always a fugitive object, and thus both archiving and programming has to consider its heterogeneous history as well as its multiple forms and versions.
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| 14. |
- Mårtelius, Johan
(author)
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Vitruvius och antiken
- 2011
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In: Arkitekturteorierna historia. - Stockholm : Formas. - 9789154060412 ; , s. 16-35
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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Inne och ute i Malmö : Studier av urbana förändringsprocesser
- 2008
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna antologi är ett resultat av aktuell forskning kring urbana förändringsprocesser. Under det senaste århundradet har Malmö i södra Sverige gått från att ha varit en utskeppningshamn och marknad för jordbruksprodukter och fisk, till en modern, tungt industrialiserad stad, via en stor depression i slutet av 1900-talet till en idag globaliserad, internationell postindustriell stad. Denna snabba förändring, har utgjort en utmaning på alla de fält som presenteras i boken: stadens och dess invånares självbild, socioekonomiska förhållanden, såsom de kommer till uttryck inom arbetslivet och i bostadspolitiken, ekologiska effekter och förhållanden i före detta och nuvarande grönområden, rörelsemösnter och brukarmönster hos medborgarna och hur staden omskapar sin självbild på en globaliserad marknad. Boken är skriven av forskare som ingår i forskarnätverket Urbana studier som har sin bas på Malmö högskola, även om några medverkande arbetar på Lunds universitet.
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| 17. |
- Papworth, Karin, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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Expression of erythropoietin and its receptor in human renal cell carcinoma
- 2009
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In: Tumor Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1010-4283 .- 1423-0380. ; 30:2, s. 86-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the prognostic impact of erythropoietin (EPO) and EPO-receptor (EPO-R) expression in tumour as well as serum EPO in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: Using immunohistochemistry, EPO and EPO-R were assessed in tissue microarrays from 195 RCCs. RCC type, TNM stage, nuclear grade, survival, EPO and haemoglobin (Hb) levels in blood were registered. Results: Strong expression of EPO and EPO-R in tumour tissue was found in 83 and 56%, respectively. EPO and EPO-R expression differed between RCC types. Serum EPO and blood Hb did not correlate to the expression of EPO or EPO-R. A positive correlation was found between the expression of EPO and EPO-R (p = 0.028). Survival was not related to tumour EPO, whereas strong EPO-R expression indicated a non-significantly worse prognosis. Serum EPO correlated positively to TNM stage and nuclear grade and negatively to survival. A multivariate analysis showed that TNM stage and nuclear grade were independent prognostic factors. Tumour EPO and EPO-R expression as well as serum EPO added no independent prognostic information. Conclusion: No correlation between EPO or EPO-R in tumour tissue and serum EPO or blood Hb was found. Neither EPO, EPO-R in tumour tissue nor serum EPO are independent prognostic factors.
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| 18. |
- Yngfalk, Carl, 1980-
(author)
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The Constitution of Consumption : Food Labeling and the Politics of Consumerism
- 2012
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The power dynamics of consumerism is an important aspect of contemporary consumer culture. Within the field of marketing and consumption, consumer culture theory (CCT) tends to understand power in terms of agency, the ability of consumers to emancipate from a market infused by the culture of consumerism. As such, CCT assumes a repressive hypothesis of power, as if consumerism was an external reality from which agentic consumers can escape by acts of dialectical opposition. In contrast, through a Foucauldian approach, the present study emphasizes the productive side of power, arguing that consumerism operates beyond dialectical oppositions to constitute consumption at different levels of scale – at the macro, meso and micro levels. More specifically, through qualitative data generated from official documents and interviews with state agency officials, consumers, and food manufacturers and retailers, the study undertakes a discourse analysis of date labeling in the food market. In accounting for the regulative, organizational and performative dimensions of consumption, the case of date labeling makes it possible to study consumerism at the intersection of the state, business and consumers. The study argues that consumption is constituted through a multiplicity of mundane power struggles that arise in the wake of date labeling. As such, it extends previous approaches by suggesting an extra-dialectical theory of consumer culture. Further, it argues that date labeling reinforces the mind/body dualism of consumerism by privileging cognition and choice at the cost of the human embodiment and sensory perception. It concludes that empowered performativity does not represent a negation of power, but that it emerges as a product of power and the consumerist attempt to constitute effective, predictable, responsible and controlled consumption. However, future research should continue studying the dominant institutional conditions of particular consumption contexts.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Ziemke, Tom, professor, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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How puzzling is the social artifact puzzle?
- 2023
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In: Behavioral and Brain Sciences. - 0140-525X .- 1469-1825. ; 46
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this commentary we would like to question (a) Clark and Fischer's characterization of the “social artifact puzzle” – which we consider less puzzling than the authors, and (b) their account of social robots as depictions involving three physical scenes – which to us seems unnecessarily complex. We contrast the authors' model with a more parsimonious account based on attributions.
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| 21. |
- Einarson, Daniel
(author)
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Kvalitetshöjande projekt
- 2016
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Detta arbete är ett resultat av medel erhållna för kvalitetshöjande projekt. En del av projektet är presenterat vid konferensen CDIO2016, ytterligare delar presenteras här. Ett syfte med projektet är att föreslå lärandemål för kurser med inslag av VIL (Verksamhetsintegererat Lärande, mosvarande VFU). För att vara så generellt användbart som möjligt, även på en internationell nivå, så används CDIO Syllabus (www.cdio.org) och dess ramverk för lärandemål. CDIO Syllabus har visats svara väl även mot flera nationella ramverk (*), såsom Högskoleförordningen. Vi har ändå velat förtydliga motsvarigheten mellan uppsättningen valda lärandemål från CDIO Syllabus och Högskoleförordningen. Det gjorda urvalet baseras på nämnda motsvarighet, samt även på resultat av tidigare experiment, samt existerande lärandemål för en viss kurs. Liksom att högskolor och universitet har juridiska krav på sig att efterfölja Högskoleförordningens uppsatta lärandemål, så har man krav på sig att för studenterna handha kursutvärderingar. Här har vi valt ZEF-survey (http://zef.fi/zefsurvey/en/home/) som verktyg för att hantera kursutvärderingar, eftersom det ger möjlighet att svara på, och betrakta undersökande frågor på ett två-dimensionellt plan, vilket också ger flerdimensionella tolkningsmöjligheter. Ytterligare ett syfte är att matcha den valda uppsättningen lärandemål mot detta utvärderingsverktyg och experimentera med det vid ett kurstillfälle. Medan man traditionellt utför en kursutvärdering vid slutet av en kurs, för att låta resultatet ge möjlighet att påverka kommande kurstillfällen, så har vi här haft ett annat syfte och tillvägagångssätt. Ytterligare ett syfte med projektet har varit att betrakta kursutvärderingen som en iterativ process under kursens gång, där man dels får en kontinuerlig återkoppling under kursens gång, och dels ger möjlighet att låta studenter reflektera över lärandemål över en tid, istället för vid en punkt. Det senare blir särskilt intressant då man på detta sätt kan gynna en process mot en högre medvetenhet hosstudenterna beträffande det som kursen är tänkt att bidra med.
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| 22. |
- van Dalfsen, K., et al.
(author)
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On the efficiency of Tm-doped 2-mu m lasers
- 2015
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In: Solid State Lasers XXIV. - : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. - 9781628414325
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A potassium double tungstate layer with the composition KY0.40Gd0.29Lu0.23Tm0.08(WO4)(2) was grown onto a pure KY(WO4)(2) substrate by liquid-phase epitaxy, microstructured by standard lithography and Ar-ion etching, and overgrown by a pure KY(WO4)(2) layer. The end-facets were polished. Laser experiments were performed on these buried, ridge-type channel waveguides in a resonator with one butt-coupled mirror and Fresnel reflection from the other endfacet, resulting in a high output-coupling degree of 89%, compared to intrinsic round-trip losses of only 2%. By pumping with a Ti:Sapphire laser at 794 nm, 1.6 W of output power at 1.84 mu m with a maximum slope efficiency of similar to 80% was obtained. To the best of our knowledge, this result represents the most efficient 2-mu m channel waveguide laser to date. We determined the optimum Tm3+ concentration in double tungstate channel waveguides to be at least 8at.% for efficient lasing. The theoretical limit of the slope efficiency depends on the Stokes efficiency which here is 43.2%, the outcoupling efficiency which here is 99%, and the pump quantum efficiency. The pump quantum efficiency of a 2-mu m Tm3+ laser pumped around 800 nm hinges on the efficiency of its cross-relaxation process. By fitting the macroscopic cross-relaxation parameter which linearly depends on the Tm3+ concentration to concentration-dependent luminescencedecay data, calculating the overall decay rate of the pump level, and deriving the concentration-dependent pump quantum efficiency, we obtain a theoretical limit for the slope efficiency of 83% for the chosen Tm3+ concentration. The experimental slope efficiency of similar to 80% closely approaches this limit.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Saari, Juhamatti, et al.
(author)
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Selection of features for fault diagnosis on rotating machines using random forest and wavelet analysis
- 2018
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In: Insight. - : British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing. - 1354-2575 .- 1754-4904. ; 60:8, s. 434-442
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Identification of component faults using automated condition monitoring methods has a huge potential to improve the prediction of machine failures. The ongoing development of the Internet of Things (IoT) will support and benefit feature selection and improve preventative maintenance decision making. However, there may be problems with the selection of features that best describe a specific fault and remain valid even when the operation mode is changing (for example different levels of load). In this study, features were extracted from vibration signals using wavelet analysis; a feature subset was selected using the random forest ensemble technique. Three different datasets were created where the load of the system was changing while the rotational speed remained the same. The tests were repeated five times by first recording the nominal condition and then introducing four faults: angular misalignment; offset misalignment; partially broken gear tooth failure; and macro-pitting of the gear. To improve previous feature selection techniques, a method is proposed where, before training a classifier, the most promising features are compared at different degrees of torsional load. The results indicate that the proposed method of using random forests to select top variables can help to choose good features that may not have been considered in manual feature selection or in individual load zones.
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| 25. |
- Börjesson, Maria, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Stoppa Ostlänken nu! : Debatt
- 2016
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In: Dagens Industri. - : Dagens industri.
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Review (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 26. |
- Warneryd, Martin, et al.
(author)
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En strategisk innovationsagenda för solel : Så tar vi del i potentialen på 1000 000 TWh
- 2016
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Samtidigt som användandet av solenergi har växt exponentiellt det senaste decenniet,är fortfarande andelen solenergi i den globala energimixen bara omkring 1 procent.En kraftigt ökad andel solenergi samtidigt som energibehoven totalt sett ökar, skaparmöjligheter för fler aktörer och mer aktivitet inom marknaden. Svenska företag och aktörerär redan verksamma inom de flesta delar av värdekedjan, och inom spannet frånforskning till färdig produkt/tjänst på marknaden. I vissa delar av kedjan finns det fleraktörer, medan andra har färre eller bara någon enstaka. Solelområdet påverkas även avnärliggande områden såsom lagringsteknik, smarta nät och elektrifiering av transportsektorn.Även i kopplingarna till dessa angränsande områden finns många möjligheter.Med detta ser vi också möjligheter för nya aktörer på denna marknad, exempelvis ABVolvo och olika IT-företag.Ett antal nätverk med olika syften finns etablerade inom solelområdet och dessa kanutgöra en viktig grund för strategier framåt och samverkan inom området. Underagendaarbetet har det framkommit några prioriterade områden där de medverkandeaktörerna anser att det bör läggas extra resurser för att snabba på utvecklingen av desvenska aktiviteterna. Det första är ett samlande av insatser för att stärka den inhemskamarknaden, då denna anses vara avgörande för tillväxt och innovation inom området.Den andra är att öka samverkan mellan akademisk forskning och industri, då det finnsvärldsledande forskning inom material och celler samtidigt som Sverige besitter en starkinternationell industrisektor där kombinationen av dessa kan ge konkurrenskraftiga erbjudandenpå en global marknad. Den tredje och sista handlar om att utveckla specifikasvenska nischer inom området solel. Detta är viktigt då den globala konkurrensen är tuffinom vissa delar av värdekedjan, samtidigt som det finns stor utvecklingspotential inomandra. Det finns därmed möjligheter att dra nytta av svenska förmågor för att ta framnischprodukter och tjänster för en global solmarknad.
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| 27. |
- Adebisi, YA, et al.
(author)
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COVID-19 Highlights the Need for Inclusive Responses to Public Health Emergencies in Africa
- 2021
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In: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. - : American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. - 1476-1645 .- 0002-9637. ; 104:2, s. 449-452
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- COVID-19 is a global public health emergency affecting many countries around the world. Although African governments and other stakeholders are making efforts to contain the pandemic, the outbreak continues to impact human rights and exacerbates inequalities and disparities that are already in existence. The concept of inclusive health focuses on good health and well-being for everyone, and this entails health services that are equitable, affordable, and efficacious. Creating equitable access to mainstream health and healthcare services and ensuring inclusive health responses remain a means of addressing health inequities and disparities. In this article, we argue on the need for inclusive responses to public health emergencies in Africa using COVID-19 as a case example. Africa’s response to public health emergencies needs to recognize that for every marginalized/vulnerable group, it is important to strategize to address their particular needs in such a way to surmount any barrier to the right to health. For Africa’s public health response to be more inclusive, we therefore need to be more strategic and proactive in reaching out to specific groups and to identify and address their needs. Strengthening the healthcare systems of African countries through increased political will, increased funding to health care, collaboration and cooperation among stakeholders, and effective leadership remains essential in ensuring inclusive responses to health emergencies.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Fischer, Alexander W., et al.
(author)
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Lysosomal lipoprotein processing in endothelial cells stimulates adipose tissue thermogenic adaptation
- 2021
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In: Cell Metabolism. - : Elsevier. - 1550-4131 .- 1932-7420. ; 33:3, s. 547-564.e7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In response to cold exposure, thermogenic adipocytes internalize large amounts of fatty acids after lipoprotein lipase-mediated hydrolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) in the capillary lumen of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT). Here, we show that in cold-exposed mice, vascular endothelial cells in adipose tissues endocytose substantial amounts of entire TRL particles. These lipoproteins subsequently follow the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, where they undergo lysosomal acid lipase (LAL)-mediated processing. Endothelial cell-specific LAL deficiency results in impaired thermogenic capacity as a consequence of reduced recruitment of brown and brite/beige adipocytes. Mechanistically, TRL processing by LAL induces proliferation of endothelial cells and adipocyte precursors via beta-oxidation-dependent production of reactive oxygen species, which in turn stimulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-dependent proliferative responses. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a physiological role for TRL particle uptake into BAT and WAT and establishes endothelial lipoprotein processing as an important determinant of adipose tissue remodeling during thermogenic adaptation.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Li, Haichao
(author)
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Relationships between different types of biochar and N2O emissions during composting based on roles of nosZ-carrying denitrifying bacterial communities enriched on compost and biochar particles
- 2024
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In: Bioresource Technology. - 0960-8524 .- 1873-2976. ; 394
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biochar has demonstrated the potential in mitigating N2O emissions during composting. However, little is known about how microbial communities on biochar particles interact with N2O emissions. This study selected three types of biochar (corn stalk biochar (CSB), rape straw biochar (RSB), and bamboo charcoal (BC)) to investigate the relationship between N2O emissions and denitrifying bacterial communities on compost and biochar particles. The results showed that N2O emissions rate were higher in the thermophilic phase, and the average emissions rate of BC treatment were lower 40% and 26% than CSB and RSB, respectively. The nosZ-carrying denitrifying bacterial community played a key role in reducing N2O emissions, and the network indicated that Rhizobium and Paracoccus on compost particles may have played major roles in reducing N2O emissions, but only Paracoccus on biochar particles. Notably, BC enhanced the efficiency of N2O emission reduction by enhancing the abundance of these key genera.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Nautsch, Harald, et al.
(author)
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Transform Coding of Compound Images Using Matching Pursuit
- 2012
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In: Picture Coding Symposium (PCS), 2012. - : IEEE. - 9781457720475 ; , s. 273-276
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mixed Raster Content (MRC) coding is an efficient way of coding compound images. The layered model used gives rise to missing data in the foreground and background layers. When using a block-based transform for coding, the usual solution has been to fill in the missing data using some form of interpolation. In this paper we instead present a method using matching pursuit to find the transform coefficents. The presented method gives a gain of up to 1 dB on the tested images, compared to common data filling methods.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Wigren, Torbjörn, et al.
(author)
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MATLAB software for recursive identification and scaling using a structured nonlinear black-box model : Revision 6
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report is intended as a users manual for a package of MATLAB scripts and functions, developed for recursive prediction error identification of nonlinear state space systems and nonlinear static systems. The core of the package is an implementation of related output error identification and scaling algorithms. The algorithms are based on a continuous time, structured black box state space model of a nonlinear system. Furthermore, to initialize the algorithm an initiation scheme based on Kalman filter theory is included. The purpose of the initialization algorithm is to find initial parameters for the prediction error algorithm, and thus reducing the risk of convergence to local false minima. An RPEM algorithm for recursive identification of nonlinear static systems, that re-uses the parameterization of the nonlinear ODE model, is also included in the software package. In this version of the software a new discretization of the continuous time model based on the midpoint integration algorithm is added. The software can only be run off-line, i.e. no true real time operation is possible. The algorithms are however implemented so that true on-line operation can be obtained by extraction of the main algorithmic loop. The user must then provide the real time environment. The software package contains scripts and functions that allow the user to either input live measurements or to generate test data by simulation. The scripts and functions for the setup and execution of the identification algorithms are somewhat more general than what is described in the references. There is e.g. support for automatic re-initiation of the algorithms using the parameters obtained at the end of a previous identification run. This allows for multiple runs through a set of data, something that is useful for data sets that are too short to allow convergence in a single run. The re-initiation step also allows the user to modify the degrees of the polynomial model structure and to specify terms that are to be excluded from the model. This makes it possible to iteratively re-fine the estimated model using multiple runs. The functionality for display of results include scripts for plotting of data, parameters, prediction errors, eigenvalues and the condition number of the Hessian. The estimated model obtained at the end of a run can be simulated and the model output plotted, alone or together with the data used for identification. Model validation is supported by two methods apart from the display functionality. First, a calculation of the RPEM loss function can be performed, using parameters obtained at the end of an identification run. Secondly, the accuracy as a function of the output signal amplitude can be assessed.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Delkash, Madjid, et al.
(author)
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Impacts of Anthropogenic Land Use Changes on Nutrient Concentrations in Surface Waterbodies : A Review
- 2018
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In: Clean - Soil, Air, Water. - : Wiley. - 1863-0650 .- 1863-0669. ; 46:5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Increased population leads to land use (LU) changes from natural to urban and agricultural LU. These disturbances not only decrease the natural treatment potential but they also worsen surface water quality (SWQ). The aim of this review is to assess studies about impacts of anthropogenic LU changes on levels of nutrient concentrations in surface waterbodies, highlighting the important parameters needed for an integrated simulation. The results reported in the literature are not always fully consistent. These contradictory results can sometimes be explained by field measurements under different climatic conditions, different features of landscapes, air deposition rates on ground surfaces, and groundwater flow interactions with surface water. Integrated modelling has been suggested to overcome these inconsistencies. Physical-based and empirical models are the most popular approaches for LU-SWQ studies. Generally, anthropogenic LU such as agricultural and urban areas usually enhances nutrient concentrations much more than natural lands such as forest and barren. Developing sustainable metropolitan areas instead of rural areas, establishing high-standard wastewater treatment plants, and practicing efficient fertiliser application would ameliorate the poor nutrient conditions in SWQ. Riparian vegetation, grassed swales, and construction of artificial wetlands as buffer zones are the most promising natural water quality control measures.
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| 42. |
- Mehta, N B, et al.
(author)
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Rate of MIMO Systems with CSI at Transmitter and Receiver from Pilot-Aided Estimation
- 2004
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In: IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2004-Fall.. - 1090-3038. - 0780385217 ; 3, s. 1575-1579
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We consider realistic multiple input multiple output antenna systems operating over spatially colored channels with instantaneous, albeit imperfect, channel state information at the receiver and only covariance knowledge available at the transmitter. We focus on pilot-aided channel estimation in which the receiver uses minimum mean square error channel estimation. For such a setup, our goal is then to design both the pilot and data sequences optimally to maximize the information rates achievable over the channel. We first demonstrate that the estimation error cannot be modeled as additive white Gaussian noise. We adopt a lower bound on channel capacity with imperfect channel knowledge and show that an optimum design leads to a matching of the eigenspaces of the pilots and of the data to the eigenspace of the channel. Furthermore, the ranks of the pilot and data covariance matrices need to be equal, and the optimal training duration need only equal the above rank. The assignment of powers to the different modes of transmission can then be obtained numerically. The paper, in essence, extends the results in the literature that assume perfect channel knowledge at the receiver, and shows that fully exploiting covariance knowledge leads to a visible improvement in capacity when compared to schemes that assume no channel knowledge, whatsoever, at the transmitter.
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| 43. |
- Olofsson, Eva M, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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In vitro glucose-induced cataract in copper-zinc superoxide dismutase null mice
- 2005
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In: Experimental Eye Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4835 .- 1096-0007. ; 81:6, s. 639-646
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the involvement of the superoxide radical in glucose-induced cataract using lenses from mice lacking the cytosolic copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1). Lenses from wild-type mice and SOD1 null mice were kept in organ culture with either 5.6 or 55.6 mM glucose for 6 days. The cataract formation was followed with digital image analysis and ocular staging. The lens damage was further quantified by analysis of the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase into the medium by the uptake of 86Rb and by determining the water content of the lenses. The formation of superoxide radicals in the lenses was assessed with lucigenin-derived chemiluminescence. Immunohistochemical staining for SOD1 was also performed on murine lenses. The SOD1 null lenses exposed to high glucose developed more cataract showed an increased leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and developed more oedema compared to the control lenses. At 5.6 mM glucose there was no difference between the SOD1 null and wild-type lenses. Staining for SOD1 was seen primarily in the cortex of the wild-type lens. This in vitro model suggests an involvement of the superoxide radical and a protective effect of SOD1 in glucose-induced cataract formation.
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| 44. |
- Downing, Laura J., 1954, et al.
(author)
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Domains and directionality in Kinande vowel harmony: a Correspondence approach
- 2022
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In: Glossa. - : Open Library of the Humanities. - 1931-7778. ; 7:1, s. 1-40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ATR vowel harmony patterns observed in Kinande have received persistent attention for their combination of stem control and dominance, as well as less familiar phenomena such as dominance reversal and cross-word harmony. This paper provides a Syntagmatic Correspondence analysis of the Kinande vowel harmony system and demonstrates that it straightforwardly accounts for the intricate interaction of featural, directional and morpho-prosodic domain restrictions that define the occurring harmony patterns. The analysis obviates an appeal to dominance reversal, and cross-word harmony is shown to be phonological, not phonetic (contra Archangeli & Pulleyblank 2002; Kaisse 2019), yielding to a non-stratal analysis in the approach adopted. The analysis thus provides additional evidence for incorporating directionality into the formalization of Syntagmatic Correspondence constraints and for morpho-prosodic domain limitations on these and other OT constraints.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Pfaller, M.A., et al.
(author)
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Twelve years of fluconazole in clinical practice : Global-trends in species distribution and fluconazole susceptibility of bloodstream isolates of Candida
- 2004
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In: Clinical Microbiology and Infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 1198-743X .- 1469-0691. ; 10:SUPPL. 1, s. 11-23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We determined the species distribution and in-vitro susceptibility of 6082 bloodstream infection (BSI) isolates of Candida spp. collected from 250 medical centres in 32 nations over a 10-year period from 1992 through 2001. The species included 3401 C. albicans, 984 C. glabrata, 796 C. parapsilosis, 585 C. tropicalis, 153 C. krusei, 67 C. lusitaniae, 48 C. guilliermondii, 10 C. famata, 10 C. kefyr, six C. pelliculosa, five C. rugosa, four C. lipolytica, three C. dubliniensis, three C. inconspicua, two C. sake and one isolate each of C. lambica, C. norvegensis and C. zeylanoides. Minimum inhibitory concentration determinations were made using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards reference broth microdilution method. Variation in the rank order and frequency of the different species of Candida was observed over time and by geographic area. The proportion of BSI due to C. albicans and C. glabrata increased and C. parapsilosis decreased over time in Canada, the USA and Europe. C. glabrata was an infrequent cause of BSI in Latin America and the Asia-Pacific region. Very little variation in fluconazole susceptibility was observed among isolates of C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis. These species accounted for 78% of all BSI and remained highly susceptible (91-100% susceptible) to fluconazole from 1992 to 2001 irrespective of geographic origin. The prevalence of fluconazole resistance among C. glabrata isolates was variable both over time and among the various countries and regions. Resistance to fluconazole among C. glabrata isolates was greatest in the USA and varied by US census region (range 0-23%). These observations are generally encouraging relative to the sustained usefulness of fluconazole as a systemically active antifungal agent for the treatment of candida BSI. © 2004 Copyright by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.
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- Ström, Petter, et al.
(author)
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Position‐Selective Introduction of Ferromagnetism on the Micro‐ and Nanoscale in a Paramagnetic Thin Palladium Film
- 2024
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In: Physica Status Solidi. Rapid Research Letters. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1862-6254 .- 1862-6270. ; 18:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Postsynthetic, position-selective addition of properties to materials constitutes a paradigm shifting step in materials engineering. The approach enables creation of material systems inaccessible by equilibrium and near-equilibrium synthesis and can be applied in novel practical applications as well as fundamental physics studies over a range of length and energy scales. Ion implantation is a versatile, scalable, industry-compatible tool, enabling the next step in this development. Herein, ion implantation is used to design and functionalize a mesoscopic magnetic architecture. A self-supporting mask is combined with implantation of 60 keV Fe ions to create an embedded array of ≈8 μm-wide circular ferromagnetic regions in a Pd film. The approach is contactless, free from surface residues, and requires no focusing or scanning of the beam. Magnetic properties of the array are probed with longitudinal magneto-optic Kerr effect measurement while varying sample temperature and applied magnetic field. Microstructures are visualized with Kerr microscopy and compared to the Fe distribution measured with microbeam proton-induced X-Ray emission. Sample topography after implantation is obtained by atomic force microscopy, while ion beam analysis is used to probe concentration depth profiles of implanted Fe, impurities, and to investigate material mixing.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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