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- Zhang, X., et al.
(author)
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Human total, basal and activity energy expenditures are independent of ambient environmental temperature
- 2022
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In: iScience. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 2589-0042. ; 25:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Lower ambient temperature (Ta) requires greater energy expenditure to sustain body temperature. However, effects of Ta on human energetics may be buffered by environmental modification and behavioral compensation. We used the IAEA DLW database for adults in the USA (n = 3213) to determine the effect of Ta (−10 to +30°C) on TEE, basal (BEE) and activity energy expenditure (AEE) and physical activity level (PAL). There were no significant relationships (p > 0.05) between maximum, minimum and average Ta and TEE, BEE, AEE and PAL. After adjustment for fat-free mass, fat mass and age, statistically significant (p < 0.01) relationships between TEE, BEE and Ta emerged in females but the effect sizes were not biologically meaningful. Temperatures inside buildings are regulated at 18–25°C independent of latitude. Hence, adults in the US modify their environments to keep TEE constant across a wide range of external ambient temperatures.
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- O'Day, S. J., et al.
(author)
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Efficacy and safety of ipilimumab monotherapy in patients with pretreated advanced melanoma: a multicenter single-arm phase II study
- 2010
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In: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-8041 .- 0923-7534. ; 21:8, s. 1712-1717
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: This phase II study evaluated the safety and activity of ipilimumab, a fully human mAb that blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, in patients with advanced melanoma. Patients and methods: Patients with previously treated, unresectable stage III/stage IV melanoma received 10 mg/kg ipilimumab every 3 weeks for four cycles (induction) followed by maintenance therapy every 3 months. The primary end point was best overall response rate (BORR) using modified World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. We also carried out an exploratory analysis of proposed immune-related response criteria (irRC). Results: BORR was 5.8% with a disease control rate (DCR) of 27% (N = 155). One-and 2-year survival rates (95% confidence interval) were 47.2% (39.5% to 55.1%) and 32.8% (25.4% to 40.5%), respectively, with a median overall survival of 10.2 months (7.6-16.3). Of 43 patients with disease progression by modified WHO criteria, 12 had disease control by irRC (8% of all treated patients), resulting in a total DCR of 35%. Adverse events (AEs) were largely immune related, occurring mainly in the skin and gastrointestinal tract, with 19% grade 3 and 3.2% grade 4. Immune-related AEs were manageable and generally reversible with corticosteroids. Conclusion: Ipilimumab demonstrated clinical activity with encouraging long-term survival in a previously treated advanced melanoma population.
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- Ribeiro, Luis, et al.
(author)
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Self-organization in automation - The IDEAS pre-demonstrator
- 2011
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In: IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference). - : IEEE. - 9781612849720 ; , s. 2752-2757, s. 2752-2757
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- While the application of IT in automation gains traction, mostly motivated by the introduction of Service Orientated Approaches and Multiagent modelling, it is sometimes unclear to practitioners what is the full potential and boundaries of such concepts and technologies. The FP7 IDEAS project is focused in the design and development of Multiagent systems in a Mechatronic context which, to a great extent, implies that Mechatronic Agents must consider and respect mechanical/physical constraints while delivering the widely acknowledged (yet elusively demonstrated) characteristics that may render Agent-based control unique in respect to tolerance to disturbances, plug-ability and scalability. In this context, the present paper details the preliminary proof of concept prototype that validates the IDEAS Mechatronic Agent Architecture. The focus of this early demonstrator is to enlighten on how self-organization, inspired by the Evolvable Assembly System (EAS) Paradigm, can be exploited towards promoting the above mentioned characteristics. The main lessons learned, open points and future developing directions are distilled as the prototype is presented.
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- Rich, Rebecca L., et al.
(author)
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A global benchmark study using affinity-based biosensors
- 2009
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In: Analytical Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2697 .- 1096-0309. ; 386:2, s. 194-216
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To explore the variability in biosensor studies, 150 participants from 20 countries were given the same protein samples and asked to determine kinetic rate constants for the interaction. We chose a protein system that was amenable to analysis using different biosensor platforms as well as by users of different expertise levels. The two proteins (a 50-kDa Fab and a 60-kDa glutathione S-transferase [GST] antigen) form a relatively high-affinity complex, so participants needed to optimize several experimental parameters, including ligand immobilization and regeneration conditions as well as analyte concentrations and injection/dissociation times. Although most participants collected binding responses that could be fit to yield kinetic parameters, the quality of a few data sets could have been improved by optimizing the assay design. Once these outliers were removed, the average reported affinity across the remaining panel of participants was 620 pM with a standard deviation of 980 pM. These results demonstrate that when this biosensor assay was designed and executed appropriately, the reported rate constants were consistent, and independent of which protein was immobilized and which biosensor was used.
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