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| 14. |
- Hyde, K. D., et al.
(author)
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Global consortium for the classification of fungi and fungus-like taxa
- 2023
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In: MYCOSPHERE. - : Mushroom Research Foundation. - 2077-7000 .- 2077-7019. ; 14:1, s. 1960-2012
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Global Consortium for the Classification of Fungi and fungus-like taxa is an international initiative of more than 550 mycologists to develop an electronic structure for the classification of these organisms. The members of the Consortium originate from 55 countries/regions worldwide, from a wide range of disciplines, and include senior, mid-career and early-career mycologists and plant pathologists. The Consortium will publish a biannual update of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa, to act as an international scheme for other scientists. Notes on all newly published taxa at or above the level of species will be prepared and published online on the Outline of Fungi website (https://www.outlineoffungi.org/), and these will be finally published in the biannual edition of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Comments on recent important taxonomic opinions on controversial topics will be included in the biannual outline. For example, 'to promote a more stable taxonomy in Fusarium given the divergences over its generic delimitation', or 'are there too many genera in the Boletales?' and even more importantly, 'what should be done with the tremendously diverse 'dark fungal taxa?' There are undeniable differences in mycologists' perceptions and opinions regarding species classification as well as the establishment of new species. Given the pluralistic nature of fungal taxonomy and its implications for species concepts and the nature of species, this consortium aims to provide a platform to better refine and stabilise fungal classification, taking into consideration views from different parties. In the future, a confidential voting system will be set up to gauge the opinions of all mycologists in the Consortium on important topics. The results of such surveys will be presented to the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) and the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF) with opinions and percentages of votes for and against. Criticisms based on scientific evidence with regards to nomenclature, classifications, and taxonomic concepts will be welcomed, and any recommendations on specific taxonomic issues will also be encouraged; however, we will encourage professionally and ethically responsible criticisms of others' work. This biannual ongoing project will provide an outlet for advances in various topics of fungal classification, nomenclature, and taxonomic concepts and lead to a community-agreed classification scheme for the fungi and fungus-like taxa. Interested parties should contact the lead author if they would like to be involved in future outlines.
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| 15. |
- Bousquet, J., et al.
(author)
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Scaling up strategies of the chronic respiratory disease programme of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (Action Plan B3: Area 5)
- 2016
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In: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 6:1, s. 1-18
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Action Plan B3 of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) focuses on the integrated care of chronic diseases. Area 5 (Care Pathways) was initiated using chronic respiratory diseases as a model. The chronic respiratory disease action plan includes (1) AIRWAYS integrated care pathways (ICPs), (2) the joint initiative between the Reference site MACVIA-LR (Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif) and ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma), (3) Commitments for Action to the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing and the AIRWAYS ICPs network. It is deployed in collaboration with the World Health Organization Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD). The European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing has proposed a 5-step framework for developing an individual scaling up strategy: (1) what to scale up: (1-a) databases of good practices, (1-b) assessment of viability of the scaling up of good practices, (1-c) classification of good practices for local replication and (2) how to scale up: (2-a) facilitating partnerships for scaling up, (2-b) implementation of key success factors and lessons learnt, including emerging technologies for individualised and predictive medicine. This strategy has already been applied to the chronic respiratory disease action plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing.
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| 16. |
- Bousquet, J., et al.
(author)
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ARIA 2016 : Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle
- 2016
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In: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 6:1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA - disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally - is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. The aim of the novel ARIA approach is to provide an active and healthy life to rhinitis sufferers, whatever their age, sex or socio-economic status, in order to reduce health and social inequalities incurred by the disease.
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| 17. |
- Bousquet, J., et al.
(author)
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MACVIA-ARIA Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis (MASK-rhinitis): the new generation guideline implementation
- 2015
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In: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : WILEY-BLACKWELL. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 70:11, s. 1372-1392
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several unmet needs have been identified in allergic rhinitis: identification of the time of onset of the pollen season, optimal control of rhinitis and comorbidities, patient stratification, multidisciplinary team for integrated care pathways, innovation in clinical trials and, above all, patient empowerment. MASK-rhinitis (MACVIA-ARIA Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis) is a simple system centred around the patient which was devised to fill many of these gaps using Information and Communications Technology (ICT) tools and a clinical decision support system (CDSS) based on the most widely used guideline in allergic rhinitis and its asthma comorbidity (ARIA 2015 revision). It is one of the implementation systems of Action Plan B3 of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA). Three tools are used for the electronic monitoring of allergic diseases: a cell phone-based daily visual analogue scale (VAS) assessment of disease control, CARAT (Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test) and e-Allergy screening (premedical system of early diagnosis of allergy and asthma based on online tools). These tools are combined with a clinical decision support system (CDSS) and are available in many languages. An e-CRF and an e-learning tool complete MASK. MASK is flexible and other tools can be added. It appears to be an advanced, global and integrated ICT answer for many unmet needs in allergic diseases which will improve policies and standards.
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| 18. |
- Feroci, M., et al.
(author)
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The Large Observatory for X-ray Timing (LOFT)
- 2012
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In: Experimental Astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 34:2, s. 415-444
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- High-time-resolution X-ray observations of compact objects provide direct access to strong-field gravity, to the equation of state of ultradense matter and to black hole masses and spins. A 10 m(2)-class instrument in combination with good spectral resolution is required to exploit the relevant diagnostics and answer two of the fundamental questions of the European Space Agency (ESA) Cosmic Vision Theme "Matter under extreme conditions", namely: does matter orbiting close to the event horizon follow the predictions of general relativity? What is the equation of state of matter in neutron stars? The Large Observatory For X-ray Timing (LOFT), selected by ESA as one of the four Cosmic Vision M3 candidate missions to undergo an assessment phase, will revolutionise the study of collapsed objects in our galaxy and of the brightest supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei. Thanks to an innovative design and the development of large-area monolithic silicon drift detectors, the Large Area Detector (LAD) on board LOFT will achieve an effective area of similar to 12 m(2) (more than an order of magnitude larger than any spaceborne predecessor) in the 2-30 keV range (up to 50 keV in expanded mode), yet still fits a conventional platform and small/medium-class launcher. With this large area and a spectral resolution of < 260 eV, LOFT will yield unprecedented information on strongly curved spacetimes and matter under extreme conditions of pressure and magnetic field strength.
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| 22. |
- He, M. Q., et al.
(author)
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Notes, outline and divergence times of Basidiomycota
- 2019
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In: Fungal Diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 99, s. 105-367
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Basidiomycota constitutes a major phylum of the kingdom Fungi and is second in species numbers to the Ascomycota. The present work provides an overview of all validly published, currently used basidiomycete genera to date in a single document. An outline of all genera of Basidiomycota is provided, which includes 1928 currently used genera names, with 1263 synonyms, which are distributed in 241 families, 68 orders, 18 classes and four subphyla. We provide brief notes for each accepted genus including information on classification, number of accepted species, type species, life mode, habitat, distribution, and sequence information. Furthermore, three phylogenetic analyses with combined LSU, SSU, 5.8s, rpb1, rpb2, and ef1 datasets for the subphyla Agaricomycotina, Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina are conducted, respectively. Divergence time estimates are provided to the family level with 632 species from 62 orders, 168 families and 605 genera. Our study indicates that the divergence times of the subphyla in Basidiomycota are 406-430 Mya, classes are 211-383 Mya, and orders are 99-323 Mya, which are largely consistent with previous studies. In this study, all phylogenetically supported families were dated, with the families of Agaricomycotina diverging from 27-178 Mya, Pucciniomycotina from 85-222 Mya, and Ustilaginomycotina from 79-177 Mya. Divergence times as additional criterion in ranking provide additional evidence to resolve taxonomic problems in the Basidiomycota taxonomic system, and also provide a better understanding of theirphylogeny and evolution.
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| 23. |
- Klimek, L, et al.
(author)
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Anwendung von Biologika bei allergischen und Typ-2-entzündlichen Erkrankungen in der aktuellen Covid-19-Pandemiea, b, c: Positionspapier des Ärzteverbands Deutscher Allergologen (AeDA)A, der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie (DGAKI)B, der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Allergologie und Umweltmedizin (GPA)C, der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Immunologie (ÖGAI)D, der Luxemburgischen Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Immunologie (LGAI)E, der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie (ÖGP)F in Kooperation mit der deutschen, österreichischen, und schweizerischen ARIA-GruppeG und der Europäischen Akademie für Allergologie und Klinische Immunologie (EAACI)H
- 2020
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In: Allergo Journal : interdisziplinare Zeitschrift fur Allergologie und Umweltmedizin : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Allergie- und Immunitatsforschung. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0941-8849. ; 29:4, s. 14-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 24. |
- Klimek, L, et al.
(author)
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Use of biologicals in allergic and type-2 inflammatory diseases during the current COVID-19 pandemic: Position paper of Ärzteverband Deutscher Allergologen (AeDA)A, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Klinische Immunologie (DGAKI)B, Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Allergologie und Umweltmedizin (GPA)C, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Immunologie (ÖGAI)D, Luxemburgische Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Immunologie (LGAI)E, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Pneumologie (ÖGP)F in co-operation with the German, Austrian, and Swiss ARIA groupsG, and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI)H
- 2020
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In: Allergologie select. - 2512-8957. ; 4, s. 53-68
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 27. |
- Baumgartner, T., et al.
(author)
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A survey of the European Reference Network EpiCARE on clinical practice for selected rare epilepsies
- 2021
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In: Epilepsia Open. - : Wiley. - 2470-9239. ; 6:1, s. 160-170
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Clinical care of rare and complex epilepsies is challenging, because evidence-based treatment guidelines are scarce, the experience of many physicians is limited, and interdisciplinary treatment of comorbidities is required. The pathomechanisms of rare epilepsies are, however, increasingly understood, which potentially fosters novel targeted therapies. The objectives of our survey were to obtain an overview of the clinical practice in European tertiary epilepsy centers treating patients with 5 arbitrarily selected rare epilepsies and to get an estimate of potentially available patients for future studies. Methods: Members of the European Reference Network for rare and complex epilepsies (EpiCARE) were invited to participate in a web-based survey on clinical practice of patients with Dravet syndrome, tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), autoimmune encephalitis, and progressive myoclonic epilepsies including Unverricht Lundborg and Unverricht-like diseases. A consensus-based questionnaire was generated for each disease. Results: Twenty-six of 30 invited epilepsy centers participated. Cohorts were present in most responding centers for TSC (87%), Dravet syndrome (85%), and autoimmune encephalitis (71%). Patients with TSC and Dravet syndrome represented the largest cohorts in these centers. The antiseizure drug treatments were rather consistent across the centers especially with regard to Dravet syndrome, infantile spasms in TSC, and Unverricht Lundborg / Unverricht-like disease. Available, widely used targeted therapies included everolimus in TSC and immunosuppressive therapies in autoimmune encephalitis. Screening for comorbidities was routinely done, but specific treatment protocols were lacking in most centers. Significance: The survey summarizes the current clinical practice for selected rare epilepsies in tertiary European epilepsy centers and demonstrates consistency as well as heterogeneity in the treatment, underscoring the need for controlled trials and recommendations. The survey also provides estimates for potential participants of clinical trials recruited via EpiCARE, emphasizing the great potential of Reference Networks for future studies to evaluate new targeted therapies and to identify novel biomarkers. © 2020 The Authors. Epilepsia Open published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International League Against Epilepsy
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| 28. |
- Cuni-Sanchez, Aida, et al.
(author)
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High aboveground carbon stock of African tropical montane forests
- 2021
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 596:7873, s. 536-542
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tropical forests store 40–50per cent of terrestrial vegetation carbon. However, spatial variations in aboveground live tree biomass carbon (AGC) stocks remain poorly understood, in particular in tropical montane forests. Owing to climatic and soil changes with increasing elevation, AGC stocks are lower in tropical montane forests compared with lowland forests. Here we assemble and analyse a dataset of structurally intact old-growth forests (AfriMont) spanning 44 montane sites in 12 African countries. We find that montane sites in the AfriMont plot network have a mean AGC stock of 149.4megagrams of carbon per hectare (95% confidence interval 137.1–164.2), which is comparable to lowland forests in the African Tropical Rainforest Observation Network4 and about 70per cent and 32per cent higher than averages from plot networks in montane and lowland forests in the Neotropics, respectively. Notably, our results are two-thirds higher than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change default values for these forests in Africa8. We find that the low stem density and high abundance of large trees of African lowland forests is mirrored in the montane forests sampled. This carbon store is endangered: we estimate that 0.8 million hectares of old-growth African montane forest have been lost since 2000. We provide country-specific montane forest AGC stock estimates modelled from our plot network to helpto guide forest conservation and reforestation interventions. Our findings highlight the need for conserving these biodiverse and carbon-rich ecosystems.
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| 29. |
- Marenholz, I, et al.
(author)
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Meta-analysis identifies seven susceptibility loci involved in the atopic march
- 2015
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In: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 6, s. 8804-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Eczema often precedes the development of asthma in a disease course called the ‘atopic march’. To unravel the genes underlying this characteristic pattern of allergic disease, we conduct a multi-stage genome-wide association study on infantile eczema followed by childhood asthma in 12 populations including 2,428 cases and 17,034 controls. Here we report two novel loci specific for the combined eczema plus asthma phenotype, which are associated with allergic disease for the first time; rs9357733 located in EFHC1 on chromosome 6p12.3 (OR 1.27; P=2.1 × 10−8) and rs993226 between TMTC2 and SLC6A15 on chromosome 12q21.3 (OR 1.58; P=5.3 × 10−9). Additional susceptibility loci identified at genome-wide significance are FLG (1q21.3), IL4/KIF3A (5q31.1), AP5B1/OVOL1 (11q13.1), C11orf30/LRRC32 (11q13.5) and IKZF3 (17q21). We show that predominantly eczema loci increase the risk for the atopic march. Our findings suggest that eczema may play an important role in the development of asthma after eczema.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Abramowicz, Marek A, 1945, et al.
(author)
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A note on the slope-shift anticorrelation in the neutron star kHz QPOs data
- 2005
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In: n Proceedings of RAGtime 6/7: Workshops on black holes and neutron stars. - 807248334X
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Observations show that the upper νU and lower νL of the ``twin peak'' high frequency QPOs in neutron star sources vary along lines νU = AνL + B in a frequency-frequency plot, and that their ratios νU/νL cluster near the value 3/2. This behaviour is well consistent with the predictions of the non-linear resonance model for QPOs. In this Note, we further explore our recent finding that the coefficients A, B of the frequency-frequency lines for individual sources are anticorrelated. In the (A,B) plane, they occupy rather a narrow region along the line A = 3/2 - B/600 Hz. We show that this observational property of QPOs also follows from the resonance model
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| 33. |
- Abramowicz, Marek A, 1945, et al.
(author)
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The perihelion of Mercury advance and the light bending calculated in (enhanced) Newton's theory
- 2014
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In: General Relativity and Gravitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-7701 .- 1572-9532. ; 46:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We show that results of a simple dynamical gedanken experiment interpreted according to standard Newton's gravitational theory, may reveal that threedimensional space is curved. The experiment may be used to reconstruct the curved geometry of space, i.e. its non-Euclidean metric 3gik. The perihelion of Mercury advance and the light bending calculated from the Poisson equation 3gik∇i∇kΦ = -4πGρ and the equation of motion Fi = mai in the curved geometry 3gik have the correct (observed) values. Independently, we also show that Newtonian gravity theory may be enhanced to incorporate the curvature of three dimensional space by adding an extra equation which links the Ricci scalar 3R with the density of matter ρ. Like in Einstein's general relativity, matter is the source of curvature. In the spherically symmetric (vacuum) case, the metric of space 3gik that follows from this extra equation agrees, to the expected accuracy, with the metric measured by the Newtonian gedanken experiment mentioned above. © 2013 The Author(s).
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| 34. |
- Abramwicz, M A, et al.
(author)
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Possible Suppression of Magnetorotational Instability by Rapid Radial Flow
- 2013
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In: Acta Astronomica. - 0001-5237. ; 63:2, s. 267-273
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- By investigating the magnetorotational instability (MRI) in a region of rapidly varying accretion-disk thickness, e.g., in the ISCO region, we find a limit to the applicability of a recent finding by Balbus (2012) that the MRI is present also in the region of Rayleigh-unstable flow. RAMOWICZ MA, 1988, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, V332, P646
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| 35. |
- Armbrecht, L., et al.
(author)
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Self-assembled magnetic bead chains for sensitivity enhancement of microfluidic electrochemical biosensor platforms
- 2015
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In: Lab on a Chip. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1473-0197 .- 1473-0189. ; 15:22, s. 4314-4321
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we present a novel approach to enhance the sensitivity of microfluidic biosensor platforms with self-assembled magnetic bead chains. An adjustable, more than 5-fold sensitivity enhancement is achieved by introducing a magnetic field gradient along a microfluidic channel by means of a soft-magnetic lattice with a 350 mu m spacing. The alternating magnetic field induces the self-assembly of the magnetic beads in chains or clusters and thus improves the perfusion and active contact between the analyte and the beads. The soft-magnetic lattices can be applied independent of the channel geometry or chip material to any microfluidic biosensing platform. At the same time, the bead-based approach achieves chip reusability and shortened measurement times. The bead chain properties and the maximum flow velocity for bead retention were validated by optical microscopy in a glass capillary. The magnetic actuation system was successfully validated with a biotin-streptavidin model assay on a low-cost electrochemical microfluidic chip, fabricated by dry-film photoresist technology (DFR). Labelling with glucose oxidase (GOx) permits rapid electrochemical detection of enzymatically produced H2O2.
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| 36. |
- Armbrecht, L., et al.
(author)
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Signal amplification using magnetic bead chains in microfluidic electrochemical biosensors
- 2015
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In: 2015 Transducers - 2015 18th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems. - : IEEE. - 9781479989553 ; , s. 1601-1604
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a novel approach to increase the sensitivity of microfluidic biosensor platforms using magnetic micro-bead chains. An almost 2-fold sensitivity enhancement is achieved by introducing a magnetic field gradient along a microfluidic channel by means of a soft-magnetic lattice with lattice spacings down to 100 μm. The magnetic field gradient induces self-assembly of the magnetic beads in chains or clusters and thus improves the active contact between analyte and beads. This facile strategy significantly increases the active bead surface while allowing for complete independence of traditional biosensor materials and channel geometries, chip-reusability and shortened measurement times. Bead chain properties were validated with optical microscopy in a glass capillary and with electrochemical measurements via glucose oxidase (GOx) labels on an integrated microfluidic chip fabricated in dry-film photo resist technology (DFR).
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| 37. |
- Dev, Apurba, et al.
(author)
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Electrokinetic effect for molecular recognition : A label-free approach for real-time biosensing
- 2016
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In: Biosensors & bioelectronics. - : Elsevier. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 82, s. 55-63
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a simple and inexpensive method for label-free detection of biomolecules. The method monitors the changes in streaming current in a fused silica capillary as target biomolecules bind to immobilized receptors on the inner surface of the capillary. To validate the concept, we show detection and time response of different protein-ligand and protein-protein systems: biotin-avidin and biotin-streptavidin, barstar-dibarnase and Z domain-immunoglobulin G (IgG). We show that specific binding of these biomolecules can be reliably monitored using a very simple setup. Using sequential injections of various proteins at a diverse concentration range and as well as diluted human serum we further investigate the capacity of the proposed technique to perform specific target detection from a complex sample. We also investigate the time for the signal to reach equilibrium and its dependence on analyte concentration and demonstrate that the current setup can be used to detect biomolecules at a concentration as low as 100 pM without requiring any advanced device fabrication procedures. Finally, an analytical model based on diffusion theory has been presented to explain the dependence of the saturation time on the analyte concentration and capillary dimensions and how reducing length and inner diameter of the capillary is predicted to give faster detection and in practice also lower limit of detection.
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| 38. |
- Dozza, Marco, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Effects of practicing tandem gait with and without vibrotactile biofeedback in subjects with unilateral vestibular loss.
- 2007
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In: Journal of Vestibular Research: Equilibrium and Orientation. - 0957-4271. ; 17:4, s. 195-204
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Subjects with unilateral vestibular loss exhibit motor control impairments as shown by body and limb deviation during gait. Biofeedback devices have been shown to improve stance postural control, especially when sensory information is limited by environmental conditions or pathologies such as unilateral vestibular loss. However, the extent to which biofeedback could improve motor performance or learning while practicing a dynamic task such as narrow gait is still unknown. In this cross-over design study, 9 unilateral vestibular loss subjects practiced narrow gait with and without wearing a trunk-tilt, biofeedback device in 2 practice sessions. The biofeedback device informed the subjects of their medial-lateral angular tilt and tilt velocity during gait via vibration of the trunk. From motion analysis and tilt data, the performance of the subjects practicing tandem gait were compared over time with and without biofeedback. By practicing tandem gait, subjects reduced their trunk-tilt, center of mass displacement, medial-lateral feet distance, and frequency of stepping error. In both groups, use of tactile biofeedback consistently increased postural stability during tandem gait, beyond the effects of practice alone. However, one single session of practice with biofeedback did not result in conclusive short-term after-effects consistent with short-term retention of motor performance without this additional biofeedback. Results from this study support the hypothesis that tactile biofeedback acts similar to natural sensory feedback to improve dynamic motor performance but does not facilitate a recalibration of motor performance to improve function after short-term use.
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| 39. |
- Dozza, Marco, 1978, et al.
(author)
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What is the most effective type of audio-biofeedback for postural motor learning?
- 2011
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In: Gait Posture. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2219 .- 0966-6362. ; 34:3, s. 313-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biofeedback is known to improve postural control and reduce postural sway. However, the effects that different biofeedback modes (coding for more or less complex movement information) may have on postural control improvement are still poorly investigated. In addition, most studies do not take into account the effects of spontaneous motor learning from repetition of a task when investigating biofeedback-induced improvement in postural control. In this study, we compared the effects of four different modes of audio-biofeedback (ABF), including direction and/or magnitude of sway information or just a non-specific-direction alarm, on the postural sway of 13 young healthy adults standing on a continuously rotating surface. Compared to the non-specific-direction alarm, ABF of continuous postural sway direction and/or amplitude resulted in larger postural sway reduction in the beginning of the experiment. However, over time, spontaneous postural motor learning flattened the effects of the different modes of ABF so that the alarm was as effective as more complex information about body sway. Nevertheless, motor learning did not make ABF useless, since all modes of ABF further reduced postural sway, even after subjects learned the task. All modes of ABF resulted in improved multi-segmental control of posture and stabilized the trunk-in-space. Spontaneous motor learning also improved multi-segmental control of posture but not trunk-in-space stabilization as much as ABF. In conclusion, although practice standing on a perturbing surface improved postural stability, the more body sway information provided to subjects using ABF, the greater the additional improvement in postural stability.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Gafvelin, G, et al.
(author)
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Cytokine and antibody responses in birch-pollen-allergic patients treated with genetically modified derivatives of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1
- 2005
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In: International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1018-2438 .- 1423-0097. ; 138:1, s. 59-66
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Recently, recombinant hypoallergenic derivatives of the major birch pollen allergen, Bet v 1, were used to treat birch-pollen-allergic patients in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre immunotherapy study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vaccination with aluminium-hydroxide-adsorbed recombinant Bet v 1 derivatives versus placebo on T-cell, cytokine and antibody responses in a subgroup of patients. Methods: Blood was drawn from patients of the Swedish centre (n=27; rBet v 1 fragments: n=10; rBet v 1 trimer: n=8, and placebo-aluminium hydroxide: n=9) before the start and after completion of the treatment. PBMC were stimulated with rBet v 1 and analysed for cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and IFN-gamma)-secreting cells by ELISpot. Bet v 1-specific antibody levels in serum (IgG(1-4), IgE and IgA) were measured by ELISA. Skin prick tests with defined Bet v 1 concentrations were performed before and 10-11 months after the beginning of the study. Results: Bet v 1-specific IgG levels, consisting of IgG 1, IgG 2 and IgG 4, were significantly increased after treatment with recombinant allergen derivatives. Treatment with rBet v 1 trimer led to a significant (p<0.05) reduction of Bet v 1-reactive IL-5- and IL-13-producing cells, reflecting a reduced Th2 response. In addition, a decreased number of Bet v 1-reactive IL-4 producing (p=0.07) and an increase of IL-12-producing (p=0.06) cells was noted in the trimer-treated patients. In contrast to placebo, active treatment resulted in significantly reduced immediate-type skin reactions to Bet v 1 even 10-11 months after treatment. Conclusion: Vaccination with recombinant hypoallergenic Bet v 1 derivatives induces a Bet v 1-specific IgG response and leads to reduced skin reactivity in allergic patients. A reduction of Bet v 1-specific Th2 responses was observed in trimer-treated patients, which may reflect the intrinsic property of this allergen derivative. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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| 42. |
- Horak, J., et al.
(author)
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Alpha-Viscosity Effects in Slender Tori
- 2012
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In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. - 0004-6264. ; 64:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We explore effects of the Shakura-Sunyaev alpha-viscosity on the dynamics and oscillations of slender tori. We start with a slow secular evolution of the torus. We show that the angular-momentum profile approaches the Keplerian one on a timescale longer than a dynamical one by a factor on the order of 1/alpha. We then focus our attention on the oscillations of the torus. We discuss the effects of various angular-momentum distributions. Using a perturbation theory, we have found a rather general result that the high-order acoustic modes are damped by the viscosity, while the high-order inertial modes are enhanced. We calculate viscous growth rates for the lowest-order modes, and show that already the lowest-order inertial mode is unstable for less-steep angular-momentum profiles, or very close to the central gravitating object.
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| 43. |
- Horák, J., et al.
(author)
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Internal resonance in nonlinear disk oscillations and the amplitude evolution of neutron-star kilohertz QPOs
- 2009
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. ; 499:2, s. 535-540
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study the properties of twin kilohertz quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) with a simple toy model consisting of two oscillation modes coupled with a general nonlinear force. We examine resonant effects by slowly varying the values of the tunable, and nearly commensurable, eigenfrequencies. The behavior of the true oscillation frequencies and amplitudes during a slow transition through the 3:2 resonance is examined in detail, and it is shown that both are affected significantly by the nonlinearities in the governing equations. In particular, the amplitudes of oscillations reflect a resonant exchange of energy between the modes, and as a result the initially weaker mode may become dominant after the transition. We note that a qualitatively similar behavior was reported for several neutron-star sources where the difference in the amplitudes of neutron-star twin-peak QPOs changes sign as the observed frequency ratio of the QPOs passes through the value 3:2.
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| 44. |
- Kling, A., et al.
(author)
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Electrochemical microfluidic platform for simultaneous multi-analyte detection
- 2015
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In: Eurosensors 2015. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 916-919
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present an electrochemical lab-on-a-chip (LOC) platform for the simultaneous detection of up to four different analytes. The possibility to separately immobilize different assays in a channel network, without active valves, was successfully demonstrated using a model assay linked to glucose oxidase. This enables the detection of various analytes even with different assay formats. For the assay immobilization, the channel surface, made out of dry film photoresist (DFR), could be activated by means of EDC/NHS-linker chemistry and used for the covalent binding of primary amines. Cross-sensitivity due to diffusion within the channel network could be experimentally excluded.
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| 45. |
- Kotrlova, A., et al.
(author)
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Models of high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations and black hole spin estimates in Galactic microquasars
- 2020
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In: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 643
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We explore the influence of nongeodesic pressure forces present in an accretion disc on the frequencies of its axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric epicyclic oscillation modes. We discuss its implications for models of high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs), which have been observed in the X-ray flux of accreting black holes (BHs) in the three Galactic microquasars, GRS 1915+105, GRO J1655-40, and XTE J1550-564. We focus on previously considered QPO models that deal with low-azimuthal-number epicyclic modes, |m| <= 2, and outline the consequences for the estimations of BH spin, a is an element of [0, 1]. For four out of six examined models, we find only small, rather insignificant changes compared to the geodesic case. For the other two models, on the other hand, there is a significant increase of the estimated upper limit on the spin. Regarding the falsifiability of the QPO models, we find that one particular model from the examined set is incompatible with the data. If the spectral spin estimates for the microquasars that point to a> 0.65 were fully confirmed, two more QPO models would be ruled out. Moreover, if two very different values of the spin, such as a approximate to 0.65 in GRO J1655-40 and a approximate to 1 in GRS 1915+105, were confirmed, all the models except one would remain unsupported by our results. Finally, we discuss the implications for a model that was recently proposed in the context of neutron star (NS) QPOs as a disc-oscillation-based modification of the relativistic precession model. This model provides overall better fits of the NS data and predicts more realistic values of the NS mass compared to the relativistic precession model. We conclude that it also implies a significantly higher upper limit on the microquasar's BH spin (a similar to 0.75 vs. a similar to 0.55).
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| 46. |
- Moore, Fhionna R., et al.
(author)
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Investment in a sexual signal results in reduced survival under extreme conditions in the male great tit (Parus major)
- 2015
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In: Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0762 .- 0340-5443. ; 69:1, s. 151-158
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Here, we tested for an ecologically valid cost to secondary sexual trait expression in the male great tit (Parus major). We compared the breast stripe area of a sample of males who survived extremely low night time temperatures with a sample who did not survive. Breast stripe area was significantly smaller in surviving males, suggesting a real cost of signalling in terms of survival. The relationship between breast stripe area and survival was moderated by the effects of body condition: Males with larger breast stripes were in poorer condition and hence suffered increased mortality. Finally, we tested for relationships between breast stripe area and body condition, and tarsus asymmetry and immunological parameters (Brucella abortus antibody count, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, eosinophil count, monocyte count) in surviving males. Only eosinophil count was related to breast stripe area. Our results suggest a survival cost to investment in sexual signals, such that males who invest somatic resources in social signalling risk increased mortality under extreme environmental conditions.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Qian, Lei, et al.
(author)
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The Polish doughnuts revisited. I. The angular momentum distribution and equipressure surfaces
- 2009
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. ; 498:2, s. 471-477
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We construct a new family of analytic models of black hole accretion disks in dynamical equilibria. Our construction is based on assuming distributions of angular momentum and entropy. For a particular choice of the distribution of angular momentum, we calculate the shapes of equipressure surfaces. The equipressure surfaces we find are similar to those in thick, slim and thin disks, and to those in ADAFs.
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| 50. |
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