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2.
  • Beal, Jacob, et al. (author)
  • Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
  • 2020
  • In: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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3.
  • Klionsky, Daniel J., et al. (author)
  • Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
  • 2012
  • In: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
  • Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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4.
  • Ding, Haoming, et al. (author)
  • Synthesis of MAX phases Nb2CuC and Ti2(Al0.1Cu0.9)N by A-site replacement reaction in molten salts
  • 2019
  • In: Materials Research Letters. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2166-3831. ; 7:12, s. 510-516
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • New MAX phases Ti2(AlxCu1−x)N and Nb2CuC were synthesized by A-site replacement by reacting Ti2AlN and Nb2AlC, respectively, with CuCl2 or CuI molten salt. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and atomically resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy showed complete A-site replacement in Nb2AlC, which lead to the formation of Nb2CuC. However, the replacement of Al in Ti2AlN phase was only close to complete at Ti2(Al0.1Cu0.9)N. Density-functional theory calculations corroborated the structural stability of Nb2CuC and Ti2CuN phases. Moreover, the calculated cleavage energy in these Cu-containing MAX phases are weaker than in their Al-containing counterparts.The preparation of MAX phases Nb2CuC and Ti2(Al0.1Cu0.9)N were realized by A-site replacement in Ti2AlN and Nb2AlN, respectively.
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5.
  • Wang, Ji, et al. (author)
  • Microstructural evolution of epitaxial Ti3AlC2 film on sapphire under ion irradiation and nanoindentation-induced deformation
  • 2018
  • In: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0022-3115 .- 1873-4820. ; 509, s. 181-187
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Feasibility of Ti3AlC2 phase as the protective coatings of accident tolerant fuels (ATFs) was investigated by means of ions irradiation, nanoindentation and transmission electron microscopy. Au ions irradiation was carried out on thin Ti3AlC2 film to simulate the high displacement damage induced by the energetic particles in the nuclear reactors. Nanoindentation on the Ti3AlC2 film was followed subsequently as a source of external stress to simulate the high pressure applied on the cladding in nuclear reactor cores of pressurized water reactors (PWRs). TEM was used to characterize the microstructural evolution of Ti3AlC2 film after irradiation and nanoindentation. TEM analysis shows that Ti3AlC2 film remains pristine layered structure and no amorphization was detected after irradiation to similar to 14 dpa. The combined nanoindentation and TEM show that no rupture and exfoliation of the Au-irradiated Ti3AlC2 film occur even the extern stress and total elongation induced by nanoindentation reach to 16.6 GPa and similar to 5%, respectively. The above results show good irradiation resistance and good ductility as well as excellent adhesion of the Ti3AlC2 coating on the substrate after high dose irradiation and under high external stress. This indicates the good feasibility of Ti3AlC2 thin films as the coatings of ATF claddings. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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6.
  • 2019
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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7.
  • Cheng, Erbo, et al. (author)
  • Porous ZnO/Co3O4/N-doped carbon nanocages synthesized via pyrolysis of complex metal-organic framework (MOF) hybrids as an advanced lithium-ion battery anode
  • 2019
  • In: ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY. - : INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY. - 2053-2296. ; 75, s. 969-978
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Metal oxides have a large storage capacity when employed as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, they often suffer from poor capacity retention due to their low electrical conductivity and huge volume variation during the charge-discharge process. To overcome these limitations, fabrication of metal oxides/carbon hybrids with hollow structures can be expected to further improve their electrochemical properties. Herein, ZnO-Co3O4 nanocomposites embedded in N-doped carbon (ZnO-Co3O4@N-C) nanocages with hollow dodecahedral shapes have been prepared successfully by the simple carbonizing and oxidizing of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Benefiting from the advantages of the structural features, i.e. the conductive N-doped carbon coating, the porous structure of the nanocages and the synergistic effects of different components, the as-prepared ZnO-Co3O4@N-C not only avoids particle aggregation and nanostructure cracking but also facilitates the transport of ions and electrons. As a result, the resultant ZnO-Co3O4@N-C shows a discharge capacity of 2373 mAh g(-1) at the first cycle and exhibits a retention capacity of 1305 mAh g(-1) even after 300 cycles at 0.1 A g(-1). In addition, a reversible capacity of 948 mAh g(-1) is obtained at a current density of 2 A g(-1), which delivers an excellent high-rate cycle ability.
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8.
  • Ding, Haoming, et al. (author)
  • Progress in Structural Tailoring and Properties of Ternary Layered Ceramics
  • 2023
  • In: Journal of Inorganic Materials. - : SCIENCE PRESS. - 1000-324X. ; 38:8, s. 845-884
  • Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • MAX/MAB phases are a series of non-van der Waals ternary layered ceramic materials with a hexagonal structure, rich in elemental composition and crystal structure, and embody physical properties of both ceramics and metals. They exhibit great potential for applications in extreme environments such as high temperature, strong corrosion, and irradiation. In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) materials derived from the MAX/MAB phase (MXene and MBene) have attracted enormous interest in the fields of materials physics and materials chemistry and become a new 2D van der Waals material after graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides. Therefore, structural modulation of MAX/MAB phase materials is essential for understanding the intrinsic properties of this broad class of layered ceramics and for investigating the functional properties of their derived structures. In this paper, we summarize new developments in MAX/MAB phases in recent years in terms of structural modulation, theoretical calculation, and fundamental application research and provide an outlook on the key challenges and prospects for the future development of these layered materials.
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9.
  • Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, et al. (author)
  • Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.
  • 2015
  • In: The Lancet. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 386:10010, s. 2287-2323
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) is the first of a series of annual updates of the GBD. Risk factor quantification, particularly of modifiable risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention. The GBD 2013 provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution.METHODS: Attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) have been estimated for 79 risks or clusters of risks using the GBD 2010 methods. Risk-outcome pairs meeting explicit evidence criteria were assessed for 188 countries for the period 1990-2013 by age and sex using three inputs: risk exposure, relative risks, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL). Risks are organised into a hierarchy with blocks of behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks at the first level of the hierarchy. The next level in the hierarchy includes nine clusters of related risks and two individual risks, with more detail provided at levels 3 and 4 of the hierarchy. Compared with GBD 2010, six new risk factors have been added: handwashing practices, occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, childhood wasting, childhood stunting, unsafe sex, and low glomerular filtration rate. For most risks, data for exposure were synthesised with a Bayesian meta-regression method, DisMod-MR 2.0, or spatial-temporal Gaussian process regression. Relative risks were based on meta-regressions of published cohort and intervention studies. Attributable burden for clusters of risks and all risks combined took into account evidence on the mediation of some risks such as high body-mass index (BMI) through other risks such as high systolic blood pressure and high cholesterol.FINDINGS: All risks combined account for 57·2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 55·8-58·5) of deaths and 41·6% (40·1-43·0) of DALYs. Risks quantified account for 87·9% (86·5-89·3) of cardiovascular disease DALYs, ranging to a low of 0% for neonatal disorders and neglected tropical diseases and malaria. In terms of global DALYs in 2013, six risks or clusters of risks each caused more than 5% of DALYs: dietary risks accounting for 11·3 million deaths and 241·4 million DALYs, high systolic blood pressure for 10·4 million deaths and 208·1 million DALYs, child and maternal malnutrition for 1·7 million deaths and 176·9 million DALYs, tobacco smoke for 6·1 million deaths and 143·5 million DALYs, air pollution for 5·5 million deaths and 141·5 million DALYs, and high BMI for 4·4 million deaths and 134·0 million DALYs. Risk factor patterns vary across regions and countries and with time. In sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risk factors are child and maternal malnutrition, unsafe sex, and unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing. In women, in nearly all countries in the Americas, north Africa, and the Middle East, and in many other high-income countries, high BMI is the leading risk factor, with high systolic blood pressure as the leading risk in most of Central and Eastern Europe and south and east Asia. For men, high systolic blood pressure or tobacco use are the leading risks in nearly all high-income countries, in north Africa and the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. For men and women, unsafe sex is the leading risk in a corridor from Kenya to South Africa.INTERPRETATION: Behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks can explain half of global mortality and more than one-third of global DALYs providing many opportunities for prevention. Of the larger risks, the attributable burden of high BMI has increased in the past 23 years. In view of the prominence of behavioural risk factors, behavioural and social science research on interventions for these risks should be strengthened. Many prevention and primary care policy options are available now to act on key risks.FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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10.
  • Huang, Ruting, et al. (author)
  • Construction of SnS2-SnO2 heterojunctions decorated on graphene nanosheets with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance
  • 2019
  • In: ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY. - : INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY. - 2053-2296. ; 75, s. 812-821
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Heterostructures formed by the growth of one kind of nanomaterial in/on another have attracted increasing attention due to their microstructural characteristics and potential applications. In this work, SnS2-SnO2 heterostructures were successfully prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. Due to the enhanced visible-light absorption and efficient separation of photogenerated holes and electrons, the SnS2-SnO2 heterostructures display excellent photocatalytic performance for the degradation of rhodamine (RhB) under visible-light irradiation. Additionally, it is found that the introduction of graphene into the heterostructures further improved photocatalytic activity and stability. In particular, the optimized SnS2-SnO2/graphene photocatalyst can degrade 97.1% of RhB within 60 min, which is about 1.38 times greater than that of SnS2-SnO2 heterostructures. This enhanced photocatalytic activity could be attributed to the high surface area and the excellent electron accepting and transporting properties of graphene, which served as an acceptor of the generated electrons to suppress charge recombination. These results provide a new insight for the design and development of hybrid photocatalysts.
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11.
  • Huang, Shan, et al. (author)
  • Dipyridamole enhances the anti-cancer ability of aspirin against colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis in an unfolded protein response-dependent manner
  • 2023
  • In: Cellular Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2211-3428 .- 2211-3436. ; 46:4, s. 953-967
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • PURPOSE: Available evidence indicates that dipyridamole enhances the anti-thrombotic effects of aspirin for the prevention of secondary strokes. Aspirin is a well-known non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug. This anti-inflammatory property has turned aspirin into a potential drug for inflammation-related cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we aimed to explore whether the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC could be improved by combined administration with dipyridamole.METHODS: Population-based clinical data analysis was conducted to assess a possible therapeutic effect of combined dipyridamole and aspirin treatment in inhibiting CRC compared with either monotherapy. This therapeutic effect was further verified in different CRC mouse models, i.e. an orthotopic xenograft mouse model, an AOM/DSS mouse model, an Apc min/+ mouse model and a patient derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model. The in vitro effects of the drugs on CRC cells were tested using CCK8 and flow cytometry assays. RNA-Seq, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry were used to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS: We found that dipyridamole combined with aspirin had a better inhibitory effect on CRC than either monotherapy alone. The enhanced anti-cancer effect of the combined use of dipyridamole with aspirin was found to rely on the induction of an overwhelmed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent pro-apoptotic unfolded protein response (UPR), which was different from the anti-platelet effect.CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC may be enhanced by combined administration with dipyridamole. In case further clinical studies confirm our findings, these may be repurposed as adjuvant agents.
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12.
  • Huang, Yue, et al. (author)
  • Memory Effect of Metal-Oxide-Silicon Capacitors with Self-Assembly Double-Layer Au Nanocrystals Embedded in Atomic-Layer-Deposited HfO2 Dielectric
  • 2009
  • In: Chinese Physics Letters. - 0256-307X .- 1741-3540. ; 26:10
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We report the chemical self-assembly growth of Au nanocrystals on atomic-layer-deposited HfO2 films aminosilanized by (3-Aminopropyl)-trimethoxysilane aforehand for memory applications. The resulting Au nanocrystals show a density of about 4 x 10(11) cm(-2) and a diameter range of 5-8 nm. The metal-oxide-silicon capacitor with double-layer Au nanocrystals embedded in HfO2 dielectric exhibits a large C - V hysteresis window of 11.9 V for +/- 11 V gate voltage sweeps at 1 MHz, a flat-band voltage shift of 1.5 V after the electrical stress under 7 V for 1 ms, a leakage current density of 2.9 x 10(-8) A/cm(-2) at 9 V and room temperature. Compared to single-layer Au nanocrystals, the double-layer Au nanocrystals increase the hysteresis window significantly, and the underlying mechanism is thus discussed.
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13.
  • Kristanl, Matej, et al. (author)
  • The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
  • 2019
  • In: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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14.
  • Li, Jian, et al. (author)
  • Assembly and succession of the phyllosphere microbiome and nutrient-cycling genes during plant community development in a glacier foreland
  • 2024
  • In: Environment International. - 0160-4120. ; 187
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The phyllosphere, particularly the leaf surface of plants, harbors a diverse range of microbiomes that play a vital role in the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. However, our understanding of microbial successions and their impact on functional genes during plant community development is limited. In this study, considering core and satellite microbial taxa, we characterized the phyllosphere microbiome and functional genes in various microhabitats (i.e., leaf litter, moss and plant leaves) across the succession of a plant community in a low-altitude glacier foreland. Our findings indicate that phyllosphere microbiomes and associated ecosystem stability increase during the succession of the plant community. The abundance of core taxa increased with plant community succession and was primarily governed by deterministic processes. In contrast, satellite taxa abundance decreased during plant community succession and was mainly governed by stochastic processes. The abundance of microbial functional genes (such as C, N, and P hydrolysis and fixation) in plant leaves generally increased during the plant community succession. However, in leaf litter and moss leaves, only a subset of functional genes (e.g., C fixation and degradation, and P mineralization) showed a tendency to increase with plant community succession. Ultimately, the community of both core and satellite taxa collaboratively influenced the characteristics of phyllosphere nutrient-cycling genes, leading to the diverse profiles and fluctuating abundance of various functional genes during plant community succession. These findings offer valuable insights into the phyllosphere microbiome and plant–microbe interactions during plant community development, advancing our understanding of the succession and functional significance of the phyllosphere microbial community.
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15.
  • Li, Mian, et al. (author)
  • Element Replacement Approach by Reaction with Lewis Acidic Molten Salts to Synthesize Nanolaminated MAX Phases and MXenes
  • 2019
  • In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 141:11, s. 4730-4737
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Nanolaminated materials are important because of their exceptional properties and wide range of applications. Here, we demonstrate a general approach to synthesizing a series of Zn-based MAX phases and Cl-terminated MXenes originating from the replacement reaction between the MAX phase and the late transition-metal halides. The approach is a top-down route that enables the late transitional element atom (Zn in the present case) to occupy the A site in the pre-existing MAX phase structure. Using this replacement reaction between the Zn element from molten ZnCl2 and the Al element in MAX phase precursors (Ti3AlC2, Ti2AlC, Ti2AlN, and V2AlC), novel MAX phases Ti3ZnC2, Ti2ZnC, Ti2ZnN, and V2ZnC were synthesized. When employing excess ZnCl2, Cl-terminated MXenes (such as Ti3C2Cl2 and Ti2CCl2) were derived by a subsequent exfoliation of Ti3ZnC2 and Ti2ZnC due to the strong Lewis acidity of molten ZnCl2. These results indicate that A-site element replacement in traditional MAX phases by late transition-metal halides opens the door to explore MAX phases that are not thermodynamically stable at high temperature and would be difficult to synthesize through the commonly employed powder metallurgy approach. In addition, this is the first time that exclusively Cl-terminated MXenes were obtained, and the etching effect of Lewis acid in molten salts provides a green and viable route to preparing MXenes through an HF-free chemical approach.
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16.
  • Li, Mian, et al. (author)
  • Halogenated Ti3C2 MXenes with Electrochemically Active Terminals for High-Performance Zinc Ion Batteries
  • 2021
  • In: ACS Nano. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 15:1, s. 1077-1085
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The class of two-dimensional metal carbides and nitrides known as MXenes offer a distinct manner of property tailoring for a wide range of applications. The ability to tune the surface chemistry for expanding the property space of MXenes is thus an important topic, although experimental exploration of surface terminals remains a challenge. Here, we synthesized Ti3C2 MXene with unitary, binary, and ternary halogen terminals, e.g., -Cl, -Br, -I, -BrI, and -ClBrI, to investigate the effect of surface chemistry on the properties of MXenes. The electrochemical activity of Br and I elements results in the extraordinary electrochemical performance of the MXenes as cathodes for aqueous zinc ion batteries. The -Br- and -I-containing MXenes, e.g., Ti3C2Br2 and Ti3C2I2, exhibit distinct discharge platforms with considerable capacities of 97.6 and 135 mA.g(-1). Ti3C2 (BrI) and Ti3C2 (ClBrI) exhibit dual discharge platforms with capacities of 117.2 and 106.7 mAh.g(-1). In contrast, the previously discovered MXenes Ti3C2Cl2 and Ti3C2 (OF) exhibit no discharge platforms and only similar to 50% of capacities and energy densities of Ti3C2Br2. These results emphasize the effectiveness of the Lewis-acidic-melt etching route for tuning the surface chemistry of MXenes and also show promise for expanding the MXene family toward various applications.
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17.
  • Li, Youbing, et al. (author)
  • Electrochemical Lithium Storage Performance of Molten Salt Derived V2SnC MAX Phase
  • 2021
  • In: Nano-Micro Letters. - : Springer. - 2311-6706 .- 2150-5551. ; 13:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • MAX phases are gaining attention as precursors of two-dimensional MXenes that are intensively pursued in applications for electrochemical energy storage. Here, we report the preparation of V2SnC MAX phase by the molten salt method. V2SnC is investigated as a lithium storage anode, showing a high gravimetric capacity of 490 mAh g(-1) and volumetric capacity of 570 mAh cm(-3) as well as superior rate performance of 95 mAh g(-1) (110 mAh cm(-3)) at 50 C, surpassing the ever-reported performance of MAX phase anodes. Supported by operando X-ray diffraction and density functional theory, a charge storage mechanism with dual redox reaction is proposed with a Sn-Li (de)alloying reaction that occurs at the edge sites of V2SnC particles where Sn atoms are exposed to the electrolyte followed by a redox reaction that occurs at V2C layers with Li. This study offers promise of using MAX phases with M-site and A-site elements that are redox active as high-rate lithium storage materials.
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18.
  • Li, Youbing, et al. (author)
  • Multielemental single atom-thick A layers in nanolaminated V2(Sn, A) C (A = Fe, Co, Ni, Mn) for tailoring magnetic properties
  • 2020
  • In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : NATL ACAD SCIENCES. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 117:2, s. 820-825
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Tailoring of individual single-atom-thick layers in nanolaminated materials offers atomic-level control over material properties. Nonetheless, multielement alloying in individual atomic layers in nanolaminates is largely unexplored. Here, we report 15 inherently nanolaminated V-2(A(x)Sn(1-x))C (A = Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, and combinations thereof, with x similar to 1/3) MAX phases synthesized by an alloy-guided reaction. The simultaneous occupancy of the 4 magnetic elements and Sn in the individual single-atom-thick A layers constitutes high-entropy MAX phase in which multielemental alloying exclusively occurs in the 2 -dimensional (2D) A layers. V-2(A(x)Sn(1-x))C exhibit distinct ferromagnetic behavior that can be compositionally tailored from the multielement A-layer alloying. Density functional theory and phase diagram calculations are performed to understand the structure stability of these MAX phases. This 2D multielemental alloying approach provides a structural design route to discover nanolaminated materials and expand their chemical and physical properties. In fact, the magnetic behavior of these multielemental MAX phases shows strong dependency on the combination of various elements.
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19.
  • Li, Youbing, et al. (author)
  • Single-Atom-Thick Active Layers Realized in Nanolaminated Ti-3(AlxCu1-x)C-2 and Its Artificial Enzyme Behavior
  • 2019
  • In: ACS Nano. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 13:8, s. 9198-9205
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A Ti-3(AlxCu1-x)C-2 phase with Cu atoms with a degree of ordering in the A plane is synthesized through the A site replacement reaction in CuCl2 molten salt. The weakly bonded single -atom -thick Cu layers in a Ti-3(AlxCu1-x)C-2 MAX phase provide actives sites for catalysis chemistry. As -synthesized Ti-3(AlxCu1-x)C-2 presents unusual peroxidase-like catalytic activity similar to that of natural enzymes. A fabricated Ti-3(AlxCu1-x)C-2/chitosan/glassy carbon electrode biosensor prototype also exhibits a low detection limit in the electrochemical sensing of H2O2. These results have broad implications for property tailoring in a nanolaminated MAX phase by replacing the A site with late transition elements.
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20.
  • Liang, Jiamin, et al. (author)
  • Synthesis of Zr2Al3C4 coatings on zirconium-alloy substrates with Al-C/Si interlayers as diffusion barriers
  • 2019
  • In: Vacuum. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0042-207X .- 1879-2715. ; 160, s. 128-132
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Zr2Al3C4 coatings are potential candidates to prevent claddings of traditional Zr-based alloys from severe oxidation in water steam at high temperature. However, the diffusion of aluminum between coating and substrates at high temperature results in a coating composition deviating from the compositional domain for formation of the Zr2Al3C4 phase. Thus, synthesis of Zr2Al3C4 coatings on zirconium-alloy substrates is challenging. Here, we report that the Zr2Al3C4 phase can be obtained on zirconium alloy (ZIRLO) substrates where an Al-C/Si interlayer deposited by magnetron sputtering is introduced. The Al-C/Si interlayer prevented elemental diffusion of aluminum between the Zr-Al-C coating and the substrates during a post-annealing process at 800 degrees C for 3 h. The Al/Zr ratio of the Zr-Al-C coating after annealing was 0.96 and 0.59 in the cases of with and without Al-C/Si interlayer, respectively. Hence, the Al-C/Si interlayer acts as diffusion barrier and greatly decreases the deviation from the standard stoichiometric ratio of the Zr2Al3C4 phase, which facilitates the formation of the Zr2Al3C4 phase in the final coating.
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21.
  • Liao, Zhong-Wei, et al. (author)
  • Robust Low Voltage Program-Erasable Cobalt-Nanocrystal Memory Capacitors with Multistacked Al2O3/HfO2/Al2O3 Tunnel Barrier
  • 2009
  • In: Chinese Physics Letters. - 0256-307X .- 1741-3540. ; 26:8, s. 087303-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • An atomic-layer-deposited Al2O3/HfO2/Al2O3 (A/H/A) tunnel barrier is investigated for Co nanocrystal memory capacitors. Compared to a single Al2O3 tunnel barrier, the A/H/A barrier can significantly increase the hysteresis window, i. e., an increase by 9V for +/- 12V sweep range. This is attributed to a marked decrease in the energy barriers of charge injections for the A/H/A tunnel barrier. Further, the Co-nanocrystal memory capacitor with the A/H/A tunnel barrier exhibits a memory window as large as 4.1V for 100 mu s program/erase at a low voltage of +/- 7V, which is due to fast charge injection rates, i. e., about 2.4 x 10(16) cm(-2) s(-1) for electrons and 1.9 x 10(16) cm(-2) s(-1) for holes.
  •  
22.
  • Luo, Yifei, et al. (author)
  • Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
  • 2023
  • In: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
  • Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
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23.
  • Mahajan, Anubha, et al. (author)
  • Multi-ancestry genetic study of type 2 diabetes highlights the power of diverse populations for discovery and translation
  • 2022
  • In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 54:5, s. 560-572
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls (48.9% non-European descent) through the Diabetes Meta-Analysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) Consortium. Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified 237 loci attaining stringent genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10(-9)), which were delineated to 338 distinct association signals. Fine-mapping of these signals was enhanced by the increased sample size and expanded population diversity of the multi-ancestry meta-analysis, which localized 54.4% of T2D associations to a single variant with >50% posterior probability. This improved fine-mapping enabled systematic assessment of candidate causal genes and molecular mechanisms through which T2D associations are mediated, laying the foundations for functional investigations. Multi-ancestry genetic risk scores enhanced transferability of T2D prediction across diverse populations. Our study provides a step toward more effective clinical translation of T2D GWAS to improve global health for all, irrespective of genetic background. Genome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in ancestrally diverse populations implicate candidate causal genes and mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. Trans-ancestry genetic risk scores enhance transferability across populations.
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24.
  • Mian, Li, et al. (author)
  • Synthesis of Novel MAX Phase Ti3ZnC2 via A-site-element-substitution Approach
  • 2019
  • In: Journal of Inorganic Materials. - : SCIENCE PRESS. - 1000-324X. ; 34:1, s. 60-64
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Using Ti3AlC2 as the precursor, a new MAX phase Ti3ZnC2 was synthesized via an A-elemental substitution reaction in a molten salts bath. Composition and crystal structure of Ti3ZnC2 were confirmed by XRD, SEM and TEM analysis. Its structure stability and lattice parameter of Ti3ZnC2 were further proved by a theoretical calculation based on density function theory (DFT). Moreover, thermodynamics of A-elemental substitution reactions based on Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu were investigated. All results indicated that the similar substitution reactions are feasible to form series of MAX phases whose A sites are Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu elements. The substitution reaction was achieved by diffusion of Zn atoms into A-layers of Ti3AlC2, which requires Al-Zn eutectic formation at high temperatures. The molten salts provided a moderate environment for substitution reaction and accelerated reaction dynamics. The major advantage of this substitution reaction is that MAX phase keeps individual metal carbide layers intact, thus the formation of competitive phases, such as MA alloys, was avoided. The proposed A-elemental substitution reactions approach opens a new door to design and synthesize novel MAX phases which could not be synthesized by the traditional methods.
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25.
  • Sampson, Joshua N., et al. (author)
  • Analysis of Heritability and Shared Heritability Based on Genome-Wide Association Studies for 13 Cancer Types
  • 2015
  • In: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 107:12
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Studies of related individuals have consistently demonstrated notable familial aggregation of cancer. We aim to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation attributable to the additive effects of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for cancer at 13 anatomical sites. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, the US National Cancer Institute has generated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 49 492 cancer case patients and 34 131 control patients. We apply novel mixed model methodology (GCTA) to this GWAS data to estimate the heritability of individual cancers, as well as the proportion of heritability attributable to cigarette smoking in smoking-related cancers, and the genetic correlation between pairs of cancers. Results: GWAS heritability was statistically significant at nearly all sites, with the estimates of array-based heritability, h(l)(2), on the liability threshold (LT) scale ranging from 0.05 to 0.38. Estimating the combined heritability of multiple smoking characteristics, we calculate that at least 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14% to 37%) and 7% (95% CI = 4% to 11%) of the heritability for lung and bladder cancer, respectively, can be attributed to genetic determinants of smoking. Most pairs of cancers studied did not show evidence of strong genetic correlation. We found only four pairs of cancers with marginally statistically significant correlations, specifically kidney and testes (rho = 0.73, SE = 0.28), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and pediatric osteosarcoma (rho = 0.53, SE = 0.21), DLBCL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (rho = 0.51, SE = 0.18), and bladder and lung (rho = 0.35, SE = 0.14). Correlation analysis also indicates that the genetic architecture of lung cancer differs between a smoking population of European ancestry and a nonsmoking Asian population, allowing for the possibility that the genetic etiology for the same disease can vary by population and environmental exposures. Conclusion: Our results provide important insights into the genetic architecture of cancers and suggest new avenues for investigation.
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26.
  • Shu, Rui, et al. (author)
  • One-step synthesis of polycrystalline V2AlC thin films on amorphous substrates by magnetron co-sputtering
  • 2017
  • In: Vacuum. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0042-207X .- 1879-2715. ; 146, s. 106-110
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We prepared V-Al-C films on glass and silicon (with native SiO2 layer) substrates using magnetron co-sputtering at 600 degrees C. The composition and microstructure of these films were characterized by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Polycrystalline V2AlC phase was obtained in the films with nearly stoichiometric composition. The microstructural evolution includes random nucleation at the film/substrate interface, competitive growth resulting in a (110) preferred orientation with increasing thickness. The mechanism for crystallization could be understood in terms of polymorphic crystallization. The results show that polycrystalline MAX-phase V2AlC could be directly synthesized on amorphous substrates. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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27.
  • Si, Xiaoyang, et al. (author)
  • Effect of carbide interlayers on the microstructure and properties of graphene-nanoplatelet-reinforced copper matrix composites
  • 2017
  • In: Materials Science & Engineering. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936. ; 708, s. 311-318
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Copper matrix composites reinforced with carbide-coated graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were investigated in order to understand the role of the interlayers on the thermal, electrical, mechanical and electro-tribological properties of the composites. The TiC or VC coatings were formed in situ on the two sides of GNPs through a controllable reaction in molten salts. Compared with bare GNPs composites, the bonding between the GNPs and copper was improved. Accordingly, the tensile strength and the fracture elongation of Cu/GNPs composites with an interlayer were enhanced by strengthened interfacial bonding. Furthermore, the wear resistance of Cu/GNPs composites was remarkably improved.
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28.
  • Vos, Theo, et al. (author)
  • Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
  • 2015
  • In: The Lancet. - 1474-547X .- 0140-6736. ; 386:9995, s. 743-800
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. Methods Estimates were calculated for disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and YLDs using GBD 2010 methods with some important refinements. Results for incidence of acute disorders and prevalence of chronic disorders are new additions to the analysis. Key improvements include expansion to the cause and sequelae list, updated systematic reviews, use of detailed injury codes, improvements to the Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR), and use of severity splits for various causes. An index of data representativeness, showing data availability, was calculated for each cause and impairment during three periods globally and at the country level for 2013. In total, 35 620 distinct sources of data were used and documented to calculated estimates for 301 diseases and injuries and 2337 sequelae. The comorbidity simulation provides estimates for the number of sequelae, concurrently, by individuals by country, year, age, and sex. Disability weights were updated with the addition of new population-based survey data from four countries. Findings Disease and injury were highly prevalent; only a small fraction of individuals had no sequelae. Comorbidity rose substantially with age and in absolute terms from 1990 to 2013. Incidence of acute sequelae were predominantly infectious diseases and short-term injuries, with over 2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections and diarrhoeal disease episodes in 2013, with the notable exception of tooth pain due to permanent caries with more than 200 million incident cases in 2013. Conversely, leading chronic sequelae were largely attributable to non-communicable diseases, with prevalence estimates for asymptomatic permanent caries and tension-type headache of 2.4 billion and 1.6 billion, respectively. The distribution of the number of sequelae in populations varied widely across regions, with an expected relation between age and disease prevalence. YLDs for both sexes increased from 537.6 million in 1990 to 764.8 million in 2013 due to population growth and ageing, whereas the age-standardised rate decreased little from 114.87 per 1000 people to 110.31 per 1000 people between 1990 and 2013. Leading causes of YLDs included low back pain and major depressive disorder among the top ten causes of YLDs in every country. YLD rates per person, by major cause groups, indicated the main drivers of increases were due to musculoskeletal, mental, and substance use disorders, neurological disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases; however HIV/AIDS was a notable driver of increasing YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Also, the proportion of disability-adjusted life years due to YLDs increased globally from 21.1% in 1990 to 31.2% in 2013. Interpretation Ageing of the world's population is leading to a substantial increase in the numbers of individuals with sequelae of diseases and injuries. Rates of YLDs are declining much more slowly than mortality rates. The non-fatal dimensions of disease and injury will require more and more attention from health systems. The transition to non-fatal outcomes as the dominant source of burden of disease is occurring rapidly outside of sub-Saharan Africa. Our results can guide future health initiatives through examination of epidemiological trends and a better understanding of variation across countries.
  •  
29.
  • Wang, Zhaoming, et al. (author)
  • Imputation and subset-based association analysis across different cancer types identifies multiple independent risk loci in the TERT-CLPTM1L region on chromosome 5p15.33
  • 2014
  • In: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 23:24, s. 6616-6633
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have mapped risk alleles for at least 10 distinct cancers to a small region of 63 000 bp on chromosome 5p15.33. This region harbors the TERT and CLPTM1L genes; the former encodes the catalytic subunit of telomerase reverse transcriptase and the latter may play a role in apoptosis. To investigate further the genetic architecture of common susceptibility alleles in this region, we conducted an agnostic subset-based meta-analysis (association analysis based on subsets) across six distinct cancers in 34 248 cases and 45 036 controls. Based on sequential conditional analysis, we identified as many as six independent risk loci marked by common single-nucleotide polymorphisms: five in the TERT gene (Region 1: rs7726159, P = 2.10 × 10(-39); Region 3: rs2853677, P = 3.30 × 10(-36) and PConditional = 2.36 × 10(-8); Region 4: rs2736098, P = 3.87 × 10(-12) and PConditional = 5.19 × 10(-6), Region 5: rs13172201, P = 0.041 and PConditional = 2.04 × 10(-6); and Region 6: rs10069690, P = 7.49 × 10(-15) and PConditional = 5.35 × 10(-7)) and one in the neighboring CLPTM1L gene (Region 2: rs451360; P = 1.90 × 10(-18) and PConditional = 7.06 × 10(-16)). Between three and five cancers mapped to each independent locus with both risk-enhancing and protective effects. Allele-specific effects on DNA methylation were seen for a subset of risk loci, indicating that methylation and subsequent effects on gene expression may contribute to the biology of risk variants on 5p15.33. Our results provide strong support for extensive pleiotropy across this region of 5p15.33, to an extent not previously observed in other cancer susceptibility loci.
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30.
  • Zheng, Qian, et al. (author)
  • Constructing InP/ZnSe Quantum Dots with Shell Gradient In3+ Doping for Photoelectrochemical Cells
  • 2024
  • In: ACS Energy Letters. - 2380-8195. ; 9:5, s. 2358-2366
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Environmentally friendly InP/ZnSe core/shell quantum dots (QDs) with high absorption coefficients and tunable band gaps have demonstrated great potential for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, the tightly bound excitonic feature by inherent type I band alignment tends to reduce the charge separation efficiency, limiting their PEC performance. Herein, we devised heterovalent In3+ gradient doping in the ZnSe shell of InP QD to construct core/shell structural InP/ZnSe-G-In QDs. The In3+ dopant increased the Fermi level of the ZnSe shell; thus continuous semiconductor homojunction and band bending were formed by gradient composition doping, which accelerates the exciton separation through the built-in electric field. As a result, the PEC cells based on such QDs exhibited high photocurrent density of 8.7 mA/cm2, demonstrating one of the highest values for the InP-based QDs PEC cells. This work provides an effective strategy for the application of type I band structure QDs in solar energy conversion.
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31.
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32.
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33.
  • Ariyawansa, Hiran A., et al. (author)
  • Fungal diversity notes 111–252—taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa
  • 2015
  • In: Fungal diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 75, s. 27-274
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • This paper is a compilation of notes on 142 fungal taxa, including five new families, 20 new genera, and 100 new species, representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range. The new families, Ascocylindricaceae, Caryosporaceae and Wicklowiaceae (Ascomycota) are introduced based on their distinct lineages and unique morphology. The new Dothideomycete genera Pseudomassariosphaeria (Amniculicolaceae), Heracleicola, Neodidymella and P s e u d o m i c ros p h a e r i o p s i s ( D id y m e l l a c e a e ) , P s e u d o p i t h o m y c e s ( D i d y m o s p h a e r i a c e a e ) , Brunneoclavispora, Neolophiostoma and Sulcosporium (Halotthiaceae), Lophiohelichrysum (Lophiostomataceae), G a l l i i c o l a , Popul o c re s c e n t i a a nd Va g i c o l a (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Ascocylindrica (Ascocylindricaceae), E l o n g a t o p e d i c e l l a t a ( R o u s s o e l l a c e a e ) , Pseudoasteromassaria (Latoruaceae) and Pseudomonodictys (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae) are introduced. The newly described species of Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota) are Pseudomassariosphaeria bromicola (Amniculicolaceae), Flammeascoma lignicola (Anteagloniaceae), Ascocylindrica marina (Ascocylindricaceae) , Lembosia xyliae (Asterinaceae), Diplodia crataegicola and Diplodia galiicola ( B o t r yosphae r i a cea e ) , Caryospor a aquat i c a (Caryosporaceae), Heracleicola premilcurensis and Neodi dymell a thai landi cum (Didymellaceae) , Pseudopithomyces palmicola (Didymosphaeriaceae), Floricola viticola (Floricolaceae), Brunneoclavispora bambusae, Neolophiostoma pigmentatum and Sulcosporium thailandica (Halotthiaceae), Pseudoasteromassaria fagi (Latoruaceae), Keissleriella dactylidicola (Lentitheciaceae), Lophiohelichrysum helichrysi (Lophiostomataceae), Aquasubmersa japonica (Lophiotremataceae) , Pseudomonodictys tectonae (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae), Microthyrium buxicola and Tumidispora shoreae (Microthyriaceae), Alloleptosphaeria clematidis, Allophaeosphaer i a c y t i s i , Allophaeosphae r i a subcylindrospora, Dematiopleospora luzulae, Entodesmium artemisiae, Galiicola pseudophaeosphaeria, Loratospora(Basidiomycota) are introduced together with a new genus Neoantrodiella (Neoantrodiellaceae), here based on both morphology coupled with molecular data. In the class Agaricomycetes, Agaricus pseudolangei, Agaricus haematinus, Agaricus atrodiscus and Agaricus exilissimus (Agaricaceae) , Amanita m e l l e i a l b a , Amanita pseudosychnopyramis and Amanita subparvipantherina (Amanitaceae), Entoloma calabrum, Cora barbulata, Dictyonema gomezianum and Inocybe granulosa (Inocybaceae), Xerocomellus sarnarii (Boletaceae), Cantharellus eucalyptorum, Cantharellus nigrescens, Cantharellus tricolor and Cantharellus variabilicolor (Cantharellaceae), Cortinarius alboamarescens, Cortinarius brunneoalbus, Cortinarius ochroamarus, Cortinarius putorius and Cortinarius seidlii (Cortinariaceae), Hymenochaete micropora and Hymenochaete subporioides (Hymenochaetaceae), Xylodon ramicida (Schizoporaceae), Colospora andalasii (Polyporaceae), Russula guangxiensis and Russula hakkae (Russulaceae), Tremella dirinariae, Tremella graphidis and Tremella pyrenulae (Tremellaceae) are introduced. Four new combinations Neoantrodiella gypsea, Neoantrodiella thujae (Neoantrodiellaceae), Punctulariopsis cremeoalbida, Punctulariopsis efibulata (Punctulariaceae) are also introduced here for the division Basidiomycota. Furthermore Absidia caatinguensis, Absidia koreana and Gongronella koreana (Cunninghamellaceae), Mortierella pisiformis and Mortierella formosana (Mortierellaceae) are newly introduced in the Zygomycota, while Neocallimastix cameroonii and Piromyces irregularis (Neocallimastigaceae) ar e i n t roduced i n the Neocallimastigomycota. Reference specimens or changes in classification and notes are provided for Alternaria ethzedia, Cucurbitaria ephedricola, Austropleospora, Austropleospora archidendri, Byssosphaeria rhodomphala, Lophiostoma caulium, Pseudopithomyces maydicus, Massariosphaeria, Neomassariosphaeria and Pestalotiopsis montellica.
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34.
  • Bai, Ru, et al. (author)
  • The NF-κB-modulated miR-19a-3p enhances malignancy of human ovarian cancer cells through inhibition of IGFBP-3 expression
  • 2019
  • In: Molecular Carcinogenesis. - : Wiley. - 0899-1987 .- 1098-2744. ; 58:12, s. 2254-2265
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy due to the lack of symptoms until advanced stages, and new diagnosis and treatment strategy is in urgent need. In this study, we found higher expression of miR-19a-3p in ovarian cancer tissues compared with that in the adjacent normal tissues. By chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) analysis, we showed that nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) binds to the promoter of miR-19a-3p, leading to reduced expression in ovarian cancer cells. Further study indicated that miR-19a-3p inhibits the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), resulting in enhanced growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. These results showed that miR-19a-3p enhances the oncogenesis of ovarian cancer through inhibition of IGFBP-3 expression, and which can be inhibited by NF-κB, suggesting an NF-κB/miR-19a-3p/IGFBP-3 pathway in the oncogenesis of ovarian cancer, which expands our understanding of ovarian cancer and they may contribute to the development of new diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.
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35.
  • Berndt, Sonja I., et al. (author)
  • Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies discovers multiple loci for chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • 2016
  • In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 7
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common lymphoid malignancy with strong heritability. To further understand the genetic susceptibility for CLL and identify common loci associated with risk, we conducted a meta-analysis of four genome-wide association studies (GWAS) composed of 3,100 cases and 7,667 controls with follow-up replication in 1,958 cases and 5,530 controls. Here we report three new loci at 3p24.1 (rs9880772, EOMES, P = 2.55 x 10(-11)), 6p25.2 (rs73718779, SERPINB6, P = 1.97 x 10(-8)) and 3q28 (rs9815073, LPP, P = 3.62 x 10(-8)), as well as a new independent SNP at the known 2q13 locus (rs9308731, BCL2L11, P = 1.00 x 10(-11)) in the combined analysis. We find suggestive evidence (P<5 x 10(-7)) for two additional new loci at 4q24 (rs10028805, BANK1, P = 7.19 x 10(-8)) and 3p22.2 (rs1274963, CSRNP1, P = 2.12 x 10(-7)). Pathway analyses of new and known CLL loci consistently show a strong role for apoptosis, providing further evidence for the importance of this biological pathway in CLL susceptibility.
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36.
  • Cerhan, James R., et al. (author)
  • Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for diffuse large B cell lymphoma
  • 2014
  • In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 46:11, s. 1233-1238
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma subtype and is clinically aggressive. To identify genetic susceptibility loci for DLBCL, we conducted a meta-analysis of 3 new genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and 1 previous scan, totaling 3,857 cases and 7,666 controls of European ancestry, with additional genotyping of 9 promising SNPs in 1,359 cases and 4,557 controls. In our multi-stage analysis, five independent SNPs in four loci achieved genome-wide significance marked by rs116446171 at 6p25.3 (EXOC2; P = 2.33 x 10(-21)), rs2523607 at 6p21.33 (HLA-B; P = 2.40 x 10(-10)), rs79480871 at 2p23.3 (NCOA1; P = 4.23 x 10(-8)) and two independent SNPs, rs13255292 and rs4733601, at 8q24.21 (PVT1; P = 9.98 x 10(-13) and 3.63 x 10(-11), respectively). These data provide substantial new evidence for genetic susceptibility to this B cell malignancy and point to pathways involved in immune recognition and immune function in the pathogenesis of DLBCL.
  •  
37.
  • Chen, Lu, et al. (author)
  • Fourteen complete mitochondrial genomes of butterflies from the genus Lethe (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) with mitogenome-based phylogenetic analysis
  • 2020
  • In: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543. ; 112:6, s. 4435-4441
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) can help us understand the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Lethe and the subfamily Satyrinae. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitogenomes of 14 Lethe species, which range in size from 15,225 to 15,271 bp, with both 37 genes (13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs) and a noncoding A + T-rich region. The gene arrangement and orientation is similar to typical mitogenomes of Lepidoptera. The Ka/Ks ratio shows that cox1 has the slowest evolutionary rate. The secondary structure of trnN lacks the Pseudouracil loop (TψC loop) in most Lethe species. The inferred phylogenetic analyses show that Lethe is a well-supported monophyletic group, and reveal 2 major clades within the genus Lethe, which is consistent with previous morphological classifications.
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38.
  • Cheng, Li-Peng, et al. (author)
  • Efficient CsPbBr3 Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Enabled by Synergetic Morphology Control
  • 2019
  • In: Advanced Optical Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 2162-7568 .- 2195-1071. ; 7:4
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The development of solution-processed inorganic metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) is currently hindered by low emission efficiency due to morphological defects and severe non-radiative recombination in all-inorganic perovskite emitters. Herein, bright PeLEDs are demonstrated by synergetic morphology control over cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite films with the combination of two additives. The phenethylammonium bromide additive enables the formation of mixed-dimensional CsPbBr3 perovskites featuring the reduced grain size (amp;lt;15 nm) and efficient energy funneling, while the dielectric polyethyleneglycol additive promotes the formation of highly compact and pinhole-free perovskite films with defect passivation at grain boundaries. Consequently, green PeLEDs achieve a current efficiency of 37.14 cd A(-1) and an external quantum efficiency of 13.14% with the maximum brightness up to 45 990 cd m(-2) and high color purity. Furthermore, this method can be effectively extended to realize flexible PeLEDs on plastic substrates with a high efficiency of 31.0 cd A(-1).
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39.
  • Ding, Haoming, et al. (author)
  • Chemical scissor-mediated structural editing of layered transition metal carbides
  • 2023
  • In: Science. - : AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE. - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 379:6637, s. 1130-1135
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Intercalated layered materials offer distinctive properties and serve as precursors for important two-dimensional (2D) materials. However, intercalation of non-van der Waals structures, which can expand the family of 2D materials, is difficult. We report a structural editing protocol for layered carbides (MAX phases) and their 2D derivatives (MXenes). Gap-opening and species-intercalating stages were respectively mediated by chemical scissors and intercalants, which created a large family of MAX phases with unconventional elements and structures, as well as MXenes with versatile terminals. The removal of terminals in MXenes with metal scissors and then the stitching of 2D carbide nanosheets with atom intercalation leads to the reconstruction of MAX phases and a family of metal-intercalated 2D carbides, both of which may drive advances in fields ranging from energy to printed electronics.
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40.
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41.
  • Gong, Ze, et al. (author)
  • The Association Between Quadriceps Strength and Synovitis in Knee Osteoarthritis : An Exploratory Study From the Osteoarthritis Initiative
  • 2023
  • In: The Journal of rheumatology. - : The Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 50:4, s. 548-555
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the association between quadriceps strength and synovitis in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS: This study was derived from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), which recruited adults from the OAI cohort with or at risk of KOA. Knees with complete records of isometric quadriceps strength and effusion-synovitis and Hoffa-synovitis assessments were included. Quadriceps strength was measured isometrically at baseline. Effusion-synovitis and Hoffa-synovitis were measured using the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Osteoarthritis Knee Score at baseline and at 1-year and 2-year follow-ups. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the associations of baseline quadriceps strength with changes in effusion-synovitis and Hoffa-synovitis in multivariable analyses. Additionally, analyses were stratified by synovitis-driven inflammatory phenotypes. RESULTS: A total of 1513 knees were included in this study. In total, 61% of the subjects were female; subjects had an average age of 61.9 (SD 8.8) years and a mean BMI of 29.4 (SD 4.7). Regarding the whole population, baseline quadriceps strength was negatively associated with baseline effusion-synovitis and follow-up changes in effusion-synovitis (odds ratio [OR] 0.77-0.86), but no significant association was observed in terms of Hoffa-synovitis. Stratified by synovitis-driven inflammatory phenotype, baseline quadriceps strength was significantly associated with follow-up changes in effusion-synovitis-but not in Hoffa-synovitis-in the population with existing effusion-synovitis (OR 0.75-0.79). CONCLUSION: Higher baseline quadriceps strength was negatively associated with changes in effusion-synovitis-but not in Hoffa-synovitis-especially in the population with existing effusion-synovitis. Our findings suggested a potential protective role of the quadriceps in effusion-synovitis.
  •  
42.
  • Griswold, Max G., et al. (author)
  • Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
  • 2018
  • In: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 392:10152, s. 1015-1035
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, but its overall association with health remains complex given the possible protective effects of moderate alcohol consumption on some conditions. With our comprehensive approach to health accounting within the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we generated improved estimates of alcohol use and alcohol-attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 195 locations from 1990 to 2016, for both sexes and for 5-year age groups between the ages of 15 years and 95 years and older.Methods: Using 694 data sources of individual and population-level alcohol consumption, along with 592 prospective and retrospective studies on the risk of alcohol use, we produced estimates of the prevalence of current drinking, abstention, the distribution of alcohol consumption among current drinkers in standard drinks daily (defined as 10 g of pure ethyl alcohol), and alcohol-attributable deaths and DALYs. We made several methodological improvements compared with previous estimates: first, we adjusted alcohol sales estimates to take into account tourist and unrecorded consumption; second, we did a new meta-analysis of relative risks for 23 health outcomes associated with alcohol use; and third, we developed a new method to quantify the level of alcohol consumption that minimises the overall risk to individual health.Findings: Globally, alcohol use was the seventh leading risk factor for both deaths and DALYs in 2016, accounting for 2.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1.5-3.0) of age-standardised female deaths and 6.8% (5.8-8.0) of age-standardised male deaths. Among the population aged 15-49 years, alcohol use was the leading risk factor globally in 2016, with 3.8% (95% UI 3.2-4-3) of female deaths and 12.2% (10.8-13-6) of male deaths attributable to alcohol use. For the population aged 15-49 years, female attributable DALYs were 2.3% (95% UI 2.0-2.6) and male attributable DALYs were 8.9% (7.8-9.9). The three leading causes of attributable deaths in this age group were tuberculosis (1.4% [95% UI 1. 0-1. 7] of total deaths), road injuries (1.2% [0.7-1.9]), and self-harm (1.1% [0.6-1.5]). For populations aged 50 years and older, cancers accounted for a large proportion of total alcohol-attributable deaths in 2016, constituting 27.1% (95% UI 21.2-33.3) of total alcohol-attributable female deaths and 18.9% (15.3-22.6) of male deaths. The level of alcohol consumption that minimised harm across health outcomes was zero (95% UI 0.0-0.8) standard drinks per week.Interpretation: Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for global disease burden and causes substantial health loss. We found that the risk of all-cause mortality, and of cancers specifically, rises with increasing levels of consumption, and the level of consumption that minimises health loss is zero. These results suggest that alcohol control policies might need to be revised worldwide, refocusing on efforts to lower overall population-level consumption.
  •  
43.
  • Gu, Yeqing, et al. (author)
  • Consumption of ultraprocessed food and development of chronic kidney disease : the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health and UK Biobank Cohort Studies
  • 2023
  • In: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 1938-3207 .- 0002-9165. ; 117:2, s. 373-382
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BackgroundMany ultraprocessed food (UPF)-derived by-products may play a role in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although several studies have assessed the association of UPFs with kidney function decline or CKD in various countries, no evidence has been shown in China and the United Kingdom.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the association between UPF consumption and risk of CKD in 2 large cohort studies from China and the United Kingdom.MethodsIn total, 23,775 and 102,332 participants without baseline CKD were enrolled in the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) and UK Biobank cohort studies, respectively. Information on UPF consumption was obtained from a validated food frequency questionnaire in the TCLSIH and 24-h dietary recalls in the UK Biobank cohort. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 4.0 and 10.1 y, the incidence rates of CKD were around 1.1% and 1.7% in the TCLSIH and UK Biobank cohorts, respectively. The multivariable hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] of CKD across increasing quartiles (quartiles 1–4) of UPF consumption were 1 (reference), 1.24 (0.89, 1.72), 1.30 (0.91, 1.87), and 1.58 (1.07, 2.34) (P for trend = 0.02) in the TCLSIH cohort and 1 (reference), 1.14 (1.00, 1.31), 1.16 (1.01, 1.33), and 1.25 (1.09, 1.43) (P for trend < 0.01) in the UK Biobank cohort, respectively.ConclusionsOur finding indicated that higher UPF consumption is associated with a higher risk of CKD. Moreover, restricting UPF consumption may potentially benefit the prevention of CKD. Further clinical trials are required to clarify the causality.
  •  
44.
  • Henry, Carole, et al. (author)
  • Monoclonal Antibody Responses after Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccine versus Subunit Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine : a Comparative Study
  • 2019
  • In: Journal of Virology. - : AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY. - 0022-538X .- 1098-5514. ; 93:21
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Vaccination is the best measure of protection against influenza virus infection. Vaccine-induced antibody responses target mainly the hemagglutinin (HA) surface glycoprotein, composed of the head and the stalk domains. Recently two novel vaccine platforms have been developed for seasonal influenza vaccination: a recombinant HA vaccine produced in insect cells (Flublok) and Flucelvax, prepared from virions produced in mammalian cells. In order to compare the fine specificity of the antibodies induced by these two novel vaccine platforms, we characterized 42 Flublok-induced monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and 38 Flucelvax-induced MAbs for avidity, cross-reactivity, and any selectivity toward the head versus the stalk domain. These studies revealed that Flublok induced a greater proportion of MAbs targeting epitopes near the receptor-binding domain on HA head (hemagglutinin inhibition-positive MAbs) than Flucelvax, while the two vaccines induced similar low frequencies of stalk-reactive MAbs. Finally, mice immunized with Flublok and Flucelvax also induced similar frequencies of stalk-reactive antibody-secreting cells, showing that HA head immunodominance is independent of immune memory bias. Collectively, our results suggest that these vaccine formulations are similarly immunogenic but differ in the preferences of the elicited antibodies toward the receptor-binding domain on the HA head.IMPORTANCE: There are ongoing efforts to increase the efficacy of influenza vaccines and to promote production strategies that can rapidly respond to newly emerging viruses. It is important to understand if current alternative seasonal vaccines, such as Flublok and Flucelvax, that use alternate production strategies can induce protective influenza-specific antibodies and to evaluate what type of epitopes are targeted by distinct vaccine formulations.
  •  
45.
  • Hu, Li-Peng, et al. (author)
  • Terbinafine prevents colorectal cancer growth by inducing dNTP starvation and reducing immune suppression
  • 2022
  • In: Molecular Therapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1525-0024 .- 1525-0016. ; 30:10, s. 3284-3299
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Existing evidence indicates that gut fungal dysbiosis might play a key role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). We sought to explore whether reversing the fungal dysbiosis by terbinafine, an approved antifungal drug, might inhibit the development of CRC. A population-based study from Sweden identified a total of 185 patients who received terbinafine after their CRC diagnosis and found that they had a decreased risk of death (hazard ratio=0.50) and metastasis (hazard ratio=0.44) compared with patients without terbinafine administration. In multiple mouse models of CRC, administration of terbinafine decreased the fungal load, the fungus-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) expansion, and the tumor burden. Fecal microbiota transplantation from mice without terbinafine treatment reversed MDSC infiltration and partially restored tumor proliferation. Mechanistically, terbinafine directly impaired tumor cell proliferation by reducing the ratio of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) to reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), suppressing the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), resulting in nucleotide synthesis disruption, deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) starvation and cell cycle arrest. Collectively, terbinafine can inhibit CRC by reversing fungal dysbiosis, suppressing tumor cell proliferation, inhibiting fungus-induced MDSC infiltration, and restoring antitumor immune response.
  •  
46.
  • Huang, Joyce Y., et al. (author)
  • Circulating markers of cellular immune activation in prediagnostic blood sample and lung cancer risk in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3)
  • 2020
  • In: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 146:9, s. 2394-2405
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Cell-mediated immune suppression may play an important role in lung carcinogenesis. We investigated the associations for circulating levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenine:tryptophan ratio (KTR), quinolinic acid (QA) and neopterin as markers of immune regulation and inflammation with lung cancer risk in 5,364 smoking-matched case-control pairs from 20 prospective cohorts included in the international Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium. All biomarkers were quantified by mass spectrometry-based methods in serum/plasma samples collected on average 6 years before lung cancer diagnosis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for lung cancer associated with individual biomarkers were calculated using conditional logistic regression with adjustment for circulating cotinine. Compared to the lowest quintile, the highest quintiles of kynurenine, KTR, QA and neopterin were associated with a 20-30% higher risk, and tryptophan with a 15% lower risk of lung cancer (all p(trend) < 0.05). The strongest associations were seen for current smokers, where the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of lung cancer for the highest quintile of KTR, QA and neopterin were 1.42 (1.15-1.75), 1.42 (1.14-1.76) and 1.45 (1.13-1.86), respectively. A stronger association was also seen for KTR and QA with risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma followed by adenocarcinoma, and for lung cancer diagnosed within the first 2 years after blood draw. This study demonstrated that components of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway with immunomodulatory effects are associated with risk of lung cancer overall, especially for current smokers. Further research is needed to evaluate the role of these biomarkers in lung carcinogenesis and progression.
  •  
47.
  • Huang, Shoushuang, et al. (author)
  • Construction of Fe-doped NiS-NiS2 Heterostructured Microspheres Via Etching Prussian Blue Analogues for Efficient Water-Urea Splitting
  • 2022
  • In: Small. - : Wiley-V C H Verlag GMBH. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 18:14
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Developing efficient and robust non-precious-metal-based catalysts to accelerate electrocatalytic reaction kinetics is crucial for electrochemical water-urea splitting. Herein, Fe-doped NiS-NiS2 heterostructured microspheres, an electrocatalyst, are synthesized via etching Prussian blue analogues following a controlled annealing treatment. The resulting microspheres are constructed by mesoporous nanoplates, granting the virtues of large surface areas, high structural void porosity, and accessible inner surface. These advantages not only provide more redox reaction centers but also strengthen structural robustness and effectively facilitate the mass diffusion and charge transport. Density functional theory simulations validate that the Fe-doping improves the conductivity of nickel sulfides, whereas the NiS-NiS2 heterojunctions induce interface charge rearrangement for optimizing the adsorption free energy of intermediates, resulting in a low overpotential and high electrocatalytic activity. Specifically, an ultralow overpotential of 270 mV at 50 mA cm(-2) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is achieved. After adding 0.33 M urea into 1 M KOH, Fe-doped NiS-NiS2 obtains a strikingly reduced urea oxidation reaction potential of 1.36 V to reach 50 mA cm(-2), around 140 mV less than OER. This work provides insights into the synergistic modulation of electrocatalytic activity of non-noble catalysts for applications in energy conversion systems.
  •  
48.
  • Huang, Shoushuang, et al. (author)
  • ZIF-assisted construction of magnetic multiple core-shell Fe3O4@ZnO@N-doped carbon composites for effective photocatalysis
  • 2019
  • In: Chemical Engineering Science. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0009-2509 .- 1873-4405. ; 209
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Magnetic Fe3O4@ZnO@nitrogen-doped carbon (Fe3O4@ZnO@N-C) composites with multiple core-shell structures have been successfully synthesized by calcination of ZIF-8 coated Fe3O4@ZnO core-shell nanocrystals. The morphologies and microstructural characteristics are investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, physical adsorption of nitrogen, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic performances are tested by degrading methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solutions under the irradiation of imitative sunlight. The photocatalytic trials indicate that the Fe3O4@ZnO@N-C composites exhibit improved degradation efficiency compared to the Fe3O4@ZnO precursor. The photocatalytic efficiencies of the as-prepared Fe3O4@ZnO@N-C composites towards MB are 93% under irradiation of imitative sunlight for 90 min and still maintained to be 87% after 6 recycles, which shows very good stability and recyclability. Nitrogen-doped carbon is believed to extend the absorption spectra to the visible-light region. The photodegradation kinetics via using the as-prepared Fe3O4@ZnO@N-C composite as a novel photocatalyst are systematically investigated. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  •  
49.
  • Huang, Yong-Qing, et al. (author)
  • The Evaluation of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Fibroblastic Growth Factor Receptor 1 Levels in Saliva and Serum of Patients with Salivary Gland Tumor
  • 2012
  • In: DNA and Cell Biology. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1044-5498 .- 1557-7430. ; 31:4, s. 520-523
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is a well-known endothelial mitogen that regulates endothelial cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival. In the present study, we investigated the levels of FGF2 and fibroblastic growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) in saliva and serum of patients with salivary gland tumors. Saliva and serum samples were collected from 43 patients with salivary gland tumors and 40 healthy volunteers. The FGF2 and FGFR1 concentrations in saliva and serum samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that the levels of FGF2 and FGFR1 in saliva and serum from patients with salivary gland tumors were significantly higher than those from healthy control subjects. These results suggest that salivary FGF2 and FGFR1 can be used as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of salivary gland tumors.
  •  
50.
  • Huyghe, Jeroen R., et al. (author)
  • Discovery of common and rare genetic risk variants for colorectal cancer
  • 2019
  • In: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:1, s. 76-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • To further dissect the genetic architecture of colorectal cancer (CRC), we performed whole-genome sequencing of 1,439 cases and 720 controls, imputed discovered sequence variants and Haplotype Reference Consortium panel variants into genome-wide association study data, and tested for association in 34,869 cases and 29,051 controls. Findings were followed up in an additional 23,262 cases and 38,296 controls. We discovered a strongly protective 0.3% frequency variant signal at CHD1. In a combined meta-analysis of 125,478 individuals, we identified 40 new independent signals at P < 5 x 10(-8), bringing the number of known independent signals for CRC to similar to 100. New signals implicate lower-frequency variants, Kruppel-like factors, Hedgehog signaling, Hippo-YAP signaling, long noncoding RNAs and somatic drivers, and support a role for immune function. Heritability analyses suggest that CRC risk is highly polygenic, and larger, more comprehensive studies enabling rare variant analysis will improve understanding of biology underlying this risk and influence personalized screening strategies and drug development.
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