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1.
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2.
  • Schael, S, et al. (author)
  • Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
  • 2006
  • In: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
  • Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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3.
  • Tabiri, S, et al. (author)
  • 2021
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4.
  • Bravo, L, et al. (author)
  • 2021
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  • Niemi, MEK, et al. (author)
  • 2021
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  • 2021
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8.
  • Kanai, M, et al. (author)
  • 2023
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9.
  • Abel, I, et al. (author)
  • Overview of the JET results with the ITER-like wall
  • 2013
  • In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 53:10, s. 104002-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Following the completion in May 2011 of the shutdown for the installation of the beryllium wall and the tungsten divertor, the first set of JET campaigns have addressed the investigation of the retention properties and the development of operational scenarios with the new plasma-facing materials. The large reduction in the carbon content (more than a factor ten) led to a much lower Z(eff) (1.2-1.4) during L- and H-mode plasmas, and radiation during the burn-through phase of the plasma initiation with the consequence that breakdown failures are almost absent. Gas balance experiments have shown that the fuel retention rate with the new wall is substantially reduced with respect to the C wall. The re-establishment of the baseline H-mode and hybrid scenarios compatible with the new wall has required an optimization of the control of metallic impurity sources and heat loads. Stable type-I ELMy H-mode regimes with H-98,H-y2 close to 1 and beta(N) similar to 1.6 have been achieved using gas injection. ELM frequency is a key factor for the control of the metallic impurity accumulation. Pedestal temperatures tend to be lower with the new wall, leading to reduced confinement, but nitrogen seeding restores high pedestal temperatures and confinement. Compared with the carbon wall, major disruptions with the new wall show a lower radiated power and a slower current quench. The higher heat loads on Be wall plasma-facing components due to lower radiation made the routine use of massive gas injection for disruption mitigation essential.
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10.
  • Khatri, C, et al. (author)
  • Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study
  • 2021
  • In: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:11, s. e050830-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis.SettingProspective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study.ParticipantsPatients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative).Primary outcome30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality.ResultsThis study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p<0.001), age >80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups.Trial registration numberNCT04323644
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11.
  • Romanelli, F, et al. (author)
  • Overview of the JET results
  • 2011
  • In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 51:9
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Since the last IAEA Conference JET has been in operation for one year with a programmatic focus on the qualification of ITER operating scenarios, the consolidation of ITER design choices and preparation for plasma operation with the ITER-like wall presently being installed in JET. Good progress has been achieved, including stationary ELMy H-mode operation at 4.5 MA. The high confinement hybrid scenario has been extended to high triangularity, lower ρ*and to pulse lengths comparable to the resistive time. The steady-state scenario has also been extended to lower ρ*and ν*and optimized to simultaneously achieve, under stationary conditions, ITER-like values of all other relevant normalized parameters. A dedicated helium campaign has allowed key aspects of plasma control and H-mode operation for the ITER non-activated phase to be evaluated. Effective sawtooth control by fast ions has been demonstrated with3He minority ICRH, a scenario with negligible minority current drive. Edge localized mode (ELM) control studies using external n = 1 and n = 2 perturbation fields have found a resonance effect in ELM frequency for specific q95values. Complete ELM suppression has, however, not been observed, even with an edge Chirikov parameter larger than 1. Pellet ELM pacing has been demonstrated and the minimum pellet size needed to trigger an ELM has been estimated. For both natural and mitigated ELMs a broadening of the divertor ELM-wetted area with increasing ELM size has been found. In disruption studies with massive gas injection up to 50% of the thermal energy could be radiated before, and 20% during, the thermal quench. Halo currents could be reduced by 60% and, using argon/deuterium and neon/deuterium gas mixtures, runaway electron generation could be avoided. Most objectives of the ITER-like ICRH antenna have been demonstrated; matching with closely packed straps, ELM resilience, scattering matrix arc detection and operation at high power density (6.2 MW m-2) and antenna strap voltages (42 kV). Coupling measurements are in very good agreement with TOPICA modelling. © 2011 IAEA, Vienna.
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12.
  • Aad, G., et al. (author)
  • 2013
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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  • 2021
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  • BERNSTEIN, LA, et al. (author)
  • ONSET OF COLLECTIVITY IN NEUTRON-DEFICIENT PO-196,PO-198
  • 1995
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 52:2, s. 621-627
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We have studied via in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy Po-196 and Po-198, which are the first neutron-deficient Po isotopes to exhibit a collective low-lying structure. The ratios of yrast state energies and the E2 branching ratios of transitions from non-yrast to yrast states are indicative of a low-lying vibrational structure. The onset of collective motion in these isotopes can be attributed to the opening of the neutron i(13/2) orbital at N approximate to 112 and the resulting large overlap between the two valence protons in the h(9/2) orbital and the valence neutrons in the i(13/2) orbital.
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19.
  • BERNSTEIN, LA, et al. (author)
  • SUPERDEFORMATION IN ER-154
  • 1995
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 52:3, s. R1171-R1174
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A superdeformed (SD) band consisting of 13 gamma-ray transitions has been observed in Er-154, an isotone of Dy-152(66). The experiment was performed using the Sn-118(Ar-40,4n) reaction at E(Ar-40)=185 MeV and the early implementation of GAMMASPHERE. This is an observation of a SD band in the A approximate to 150 region with a proton number greater than 66. The J((2)) moment of inertia of the band is constant above ($) over bar h omega=0.45 MeV and shows a sharp rise below this value suggesting a paired band crossing. These results suggest that total Routhian surface calculations fail to accurately predict the deformation of the band.
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  • Cederwall, Bo, et al. (author)
  • MEASUREMENT OF ULTRA-FAST GAMMA-RAY TRANSITIONS FROM HEAVY-ION COMPOUND NUCLEUS REACTIONS
  • 1995
  • In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 354:2-3, s. 591-594
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A method for correcting target-thickness-induced Doppler broadening in gamma-ray spectra from weakly populated, very short-lived (femtosecond) states is presented. The method is illustrated by an analysis of superdeformed transitions in Dy-152,Dy-153 for which the validity of the procedure could be verified consistently from previous lifetime measurements in Dy-152. Furthermore, estimates of the superdeformed lifetimes, previously not measured in Dy-153, are obtained.
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  • Cederwall, Bo, et al. (author)
  • NEW FEATURES OF SUPERDEFORMED BANDS IN HG-194
  • 1994
  • In: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 72:20, s. 3150-3153
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Two new features of superdeformed (SD) bands in the A almost-equal-to 190 region emerge from a study of Hg-194 with the Gammasphere detector array. A decrease of the dynamic moment of inertia is observed for rotational frequencies HBARomega greater-than-or-equal-to 0.4 MeV, confirming long standing expectations based on mean field calculations with pairing. Evidence for a small staggering in the SD transition energies is also observed, suggesting the presence of terms with fourfold symmetry in the SD Hamiltonian.
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24.
  • Cederwall, Bo, et al. (author)
  • NEW OBLATE BAND IN HG-196 WITH QUENCHED M1 STRENGTH
  • 1993
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 47:6, s. R2443-R2446
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • High-spin states in the nucleUs Hg-196 were populated in the reaction (Os(Be,5n))-Os-192 at a beam energy of 65 MeV. A regular rotational-like DELTAI = 1 band has been observed up to an excitation energy of E* almost-equal-to 8.7 MeV and spin I almost-equal-to 30hBAR. This is the second observation of a band of this character in a mercury isotope. The experimental results are compared with mean field calculations and semiclassical estimates based on the Donau-Frauendorf formalism. The mercury bands show significantly lower B(M1)/B(E2) branching ratios as compared with similar bands in light lead nuclei. This difference may be more readily explained by a difference in single-particle structure rather than by large differences in deformation between the lead and mercury configurations.
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  • Cederwall, Bo, et al. (author)
  • PROPERTIES OF SUPERDEFORMED BANDS IN DY-153
  • 1995
  • In: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 346:3-4, s. 244-250
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Two new superdeformed (SD) bands in Dy-153, in addition to the three previously observed, have been studied with the GAMMASPHERE detector array. Assignments to single-neutron orbits in the SD potential are made based on the band properties. Evidence for a band interaction at very high spins, possibly involving the first N = 7 proton intruder orbital, is observed in the strongest populated SD band. Furthermore, evidence far a Delta I = 2 staggering is also found in this SD band.
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  • CLARK, RM, et al. (author)
  • A PAIR OF IDENTICAL SUPERDEFORMED BANDS IN ND-136
  • 1995
  • In: Physics Letters B. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 343:1-4, s. 59-63
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • High-spin states in Nd-136 were populated via the Mo-100(Ar-40, 4n) reaction at beam energies of 176 and 182 MeV, and resulting gamma-rays were detected using the GAMMASPHERE spectrometer. Analysis of the data has revealed the existence of an excited superdeformed (SD) band in Nd-136. Th, yrast SD band in Nd-136 has been extended by the addition of four (possibly five) transitions at high frequency. The new band displays the remarkable property of having transition energies identical (to within +/- 1 keV) to those of the half-points of the yrast SD band of Nd-136. Possible explanations in terms of cranked Woods-Saxon single-particle calculations are discussed.
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  • CLARK, RM, et al. (author)
  • SUPERDEFORMATION IN THE BISMUTH NUCLEI
  • 1995
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 51:3, s. R1052-R1056
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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  • DELEPLANQUE, MA, et al. (author)
  • LOW-SPIN TERMINATION OF THE SUPERDEFORMED BAND IN ND-135
  • 1995
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 52:5, s. R2302-R2305
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The decay of the superdeformed (SD) band in Nd-135 was studied with the early implementation of gamma-sphere. The results suggest that the SD band ''terminates'' at spin 25/2. This termination is explained by a change of the SD minimum toward a triaxial lower deformation. Ultimate cranker calculations with the i(13/2) orbital occupied relate this change to a shift of a proton and neutron pair out of deformation-driving Nilsson orbitals. This is a completely new and unexpected mechanism for the decay of SD bands.
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  • HENRY, EA, et al. (author)
  • COLLECTIVE OBLATE BANDS IN PB NUCLEI
  • 1993
  • In: Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society. - 0065-7727. ; 206, s. 58-NUCL
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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  • Howe, LJ, et al. (author)
  • Within-sibship genome-wide association analyses decrease bias in estimates of direct genetic effects
  • 2022
  • In: Nature genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 54:65, s. 581-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Estimates from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of unrelated individuals capture effects of inherited variation (direct effects), demography (population stratification, assortative mating) and relatives (indirect genetic effects). Family-based GWAS designs can control for demographic and indirect genetic effects, but large-scale family datasets have been lacking. We combined data from 178,086 siblings from 19 cohorts to generate population (between-family) and within-sibship (within-family) GWAS estimates for 25 phenotypes. Within-sibship GWAS estimates were smaller than population estimates for height, educational attainment, age at first birth, number of children, cognitive ability, depressive symptoms and smoking. Some differences were observed in downstream SNP heritability, genetic correlations and Mendelian randomization analyses. For example, the within-sibship genetic correlation between educational attainment and body mass index attenuated towards zero. In contrast, analyses of most molecular phenotypes (for example, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) were generally consistent. We also found within-sibship evidence of polygenic adaptation on taller height. Here, we illustrate the importance of family-based GWAS data for phenotypes influenced by demographic and indirect genetic effects.
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  • HUGHES, JR, et al. (author)
  • EXCITATIONS IN DOUBLY-MAGIC SUPERDEFORMED PB-194
  • 1994
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 50:3, s. R1265-R1269
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A new superdeformed band with an intensity similar to 5% relative to the yrast superdeformed band has been observed in Pb-194. Evidence for a second new band corresponding to the signature partner is also presented. These bands were observed with GAMMASPHERE early implementation via the Yb-174(Mg-25, 5n) reaction at a beam energy of 130 MeV. The rotational characteristics of the new bands suggest an interpretation involving particle-hole excitations in the doubly-magic Pb-194 superdeformed core. The results are compared to neighboring nuclei and recent theoretical calculations, and possible configurations are suggested.
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  • HUGHES, JR, et al. (author)
  • LIFETIME MEASUREMENT IN EXCITED AND YRAST SUPERDEFORMED BANDS IN HG-194
  • 1994
  • In: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 72:6, s. 824-827
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Nuclear level lifetimes have been measured in two superdeformed bands in Hg-194 using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. Average transition quadrupole moments derived from the life-times of an excited and yrast superdeformed bands are Q(t) = 17.6(30) and 17.2(20) eb, respectively. The Doppler shifts of the excited band relative to the yrast band indicate a slight difference in quadrupole moments [+4(5)%], assuming similar side feeding. These results imply that the second well is stable and rigid with respect to the particle excitation responsible for this excited band.
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  • HUGHES, JR, et al. (author)
  • LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS IN THE REGULAR DELTA-I = 1 OBLATE BAND IN PB-197
  • 1993
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 48:5, s. R2135-R2139
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Lifetimes of states in the regular DELTAI = 1 band in 197Pb have been measured with the Doppler-shift attenuation method. Excited states in 197Pb were populated using the Sm-154(48Ca, 5n) reaction at E(b) = 210 MeV. The target consisted of 1 mg/cm2 Sm-154 evaporated onto a 10 mg/cm2 Au backing. Discernible lineshapes for gamma rays in the energy range 300 < E(gamma) < 500 keV in the regular band were observed in a spectroscopic study with the 20 Ge-detector array, HERA. Level lifetimes were obtained from a lineshape analysis. Averaged reduced transition strengths, B(M1) approximately 1.7 W.u. and B(E2) approximately 18 W.u., are deduced and these are compared with theoretical predictions for the suggested configuration of this band.
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  • Mehta, A, et al. (author)
  • Corrigendum
  • 2019
  • In: Internal medicine journal. - : Wiley. - 1445-5994 .- 1444-0903. ; 49:8, s. 1059-1059
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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  • Noutsos, A., et al. (author)
  • Radio and γ-ray constraints on the emission geometry and birthplace of PSR j2043+2740
  • 2011
  • In: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 728:2, s. 77-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We report on the first year of Fermi γ-ray observations of pulsed high-energy emission from the old PSR J2043 + 2740. The study of the γ-ray efficiency of such old pulsars gives us an insight into the evolution of pulsars' ability to emit in γ rays as they age. The y-ray light curve of this pulsar above 0.1 GeV is clearly defined by two sharp peaks, 0.353 ± 0.035 periods apart. We have combined the γ-ray profile characteristics of PSR J2043 + 2740 with the geometrical properties of the pulsar's radio emission, derived from radio-polarization data, and constrained the pulsar-beam geometry in the framework of a two-pole caustic (TPC) and an outer gap (OG) model. The ranges of magnetic inclination and viewing angle were determined to be {α, ζ} ∼ {52°-57°, 61°-68°} for the TPC model, and {α, ζ} ∼ {62°-73°, 74°-81°} and {α, ζ,} ∼ {72°-83°, 60°-75°} for the OG model. Based on this geometry, we assess possible birth locations for this pulsar and derive a likely proper motion, sufficiently high to be measurable with VLBI. At a characteristic age of 1.2 Myr, PSR J2043 + 2740 is the third oldest of all discovered, non-recycled, γ-ray pulsars: it is twice as old as the next oldest, PSR J0357 + 32, and younger only than the recently discovered PSR J1836 + 5925 and PSR J2055 + 25, both of which are at least five and ten times less energetic, respectively.
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  • Result 1-50 of 52

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