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Sökning: WFRF:(Husain S)

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  • 2021
  • swepub:Mat__t
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  • Bousquet, J, et al. (författare)
  • Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19: time for research to develop adaptation strategies
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Clinical and translational allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 10:1, s. 58-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPARγ:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NFκB: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2α:Elongation initiation factor 2α). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT1R axis (AT1R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity.
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  • Husain, S., et al. (författare)
  • Large Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and atomic layer thickness dependence in a ferromagnet- WS2 heterostructure
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 105:6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have immense potential for spintronics applications. Here, we report atomic layer thickness dependence in WS2/Co3FeB heterostructures. The layer dependence is predicted by density functional theory and demonstrated experimentally by the layer dependence of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Notably, we have observed the DMI in WS2 to be larger than that for heavy metals such as W and Ta, which is important to stabilize chiral structures. Inversion symmetry is not preserved with an odd number of layers, while it exists with an even number of layers. This symmetry rule is reflected in the temperature dependence of the effective damping parameter of the heterostructure. That the damping parameter decreases (increases) in odd (even) layers can be resolved at low temperature. This suggests that the layer dependence has its origin at the WS2 interface, where the spin-valley coupling and spin-orbit coupling activate these features. Large DMI, pure spin current, and unique layer dependence in TMDs provide valuable information and fundamental understanding for designing TMD-based quantum information storage devices. © 2022 American Physical Society.
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  • Hait, S., et al. (författare)
  • Impact of ferromagnetic layer thickness on the spin pumping in Co60Fe20B20/Ta bilayer thin films
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science-Materials in Electronics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0957-4522 .- 1573-482X. ; 32, s. 12453-12465
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report the tuneable spin angular momentum transfer (spin pumping) from Co60Fe20B20 (CFB) amorphous alloy into the Ta heavy metal nanolayers. All the films are grown on Si (100) substrate at room temperature using ion-beam sputtering technique. Structural studies reveal that the grown Ta films over amorphous CFB are crystalline even at ultrathin regime. The bilayers possess very low interface roughness (< 0.5 nm) and are continuous throughout the thickness range. Comparative analysis of the spin pumping in CFB (4, 6 and 8 nm) as a function of the Ta thickness (vary from 1 to 10 nm in step of 1 nm) has been performed employing ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy. It is observed that the effective damping increase exponentially with the increase of Ta, (i.e. follows ballistic spin transport) in two series of CFB (4 nm)/Ta (0-10 nm) and CFB(6 nm)/Ta (0-10 nm) bilayers, which is characteristic of normal spin pumping. However, the anomalous behaviour has been observed for CFB (8 nm)/Ta (0-10 nm) bilayer series where the spin current generated in Ta with the thicker CFB behaves oppositely. The results demonstrate the strong dependence of ferromagnet thickness on the spin pumping into the Ta nanolayers. This study paves the way to choose suitable ferromagnetic layer thickness for spin current-induced switching applications in spintronics.
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  • Hochgerner, H, et al. (författare)
  • STRT-seq-2i: dual-index 5' single cell and nucleus RNA-seq on an addressable microwell array
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7:1, s. 16327-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Single-cell RNA-seq has become routine for discovering cell types and revealing cellular diversity, but archived human brain samples still pose a challenge to current high-throughput platforms. We present STRT-seq-2i, an addressable 9600-microwell array platform, combining sampling by limiting dilution or FACS, with imaging and high throughput at competitive cost. We applied the platform to fresh single mouse cortical cells and to frozen post-mortem human cortical nuclei, matching the performance of a previous lower-throughput platform while retaining a high degree of flexibility, potentially also for other high-throughput applications.
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  • Carvalho, Andre F., et al. (författare)
  • Evidence-based umbrella review of 162 peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2158-3188. ; 10:1
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The literature on non-genetic peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders is broad, with conflicting results. An umbrella review of meta-analyses of non-genetic peripheral biomarkers for Alzheimers disease, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia, including first-episode psychosis. We included meta-analyses that compared alterations in peripheral biomarkers between participants with mental disorders to controls (i.e., between-group meta-analyses) and that assessed biomarkers after treatment (i.e., within-group meta-analyses). Evidence for association was hierarchically graded using a priori defined criteria against several biases. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) instrument was used to investigate study quality. 1161 references were screened. 110 met inclusion criteria, relating to 359 meta-analytic estimates and 733,316 measurements, on 162 different biomarkers. Only two estimates met a priori defined criteria for convincing evidence (elevated awakening cortisol levels in euthymic BD participants relative to controls and decreased pyridoxal levels in participants with schizophrenia relative to controls). Of 42 estimates which met criteria for highly suggestive evidence only five biomarker aberrations occurred in more than one disorder. Only 15 meta-analyses had a power >0.8 to detect a small effect size, and most (81.9%) meta-analyses had high heterogeneity. Although some associations met criteria for either convincing or highly suggestive evidence, overall the vast literature of peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders is affected by bias and is underpowered. No convincing evidence supported the existence of a trans-diagnostic biomarker. Adequately powered and methodologically sound future large collaborative studies are warranted.
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  • Soda, T., et al. (författare)
  • International Consortium on the Genetics of Electroconvulsive Therapy and Severe Depressive Disorders (Gen-ECT-ic)
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-1334 .- 1433-8491. ; 270:7, s. 921-932
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Recent genome-wide association studies have demonstrated that the genetic burden associated with depression correlates with depression severity. Therefore, conducting genetic studies of patients at the most severe end of the depressive disorder spectrum, those with treatment-resistant depression and who are prescribed electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), could lead to a better understanding of the genetic underpinnings of depression. Despite ECT being one of the most effective forms of treatment for severe depressive disorders, it is usually placed at the end of treatment algorithms of current guidelines. This is perhaps because ECT has controlled risk and logistical demands including use of general anaesthesia and muscle relaxants and side-effects such as short-term memory impairment. Better understanding of the genetics and biology of ECT response and of cognitive side-effects could lead to more personalized treatment decisions. To enhance the understanding of the genomics of severe depression and ECT response, researchers and ECT providers from around the world and from various depression or ECT networks, but not limited to, such as the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, the Clinical Alliance and Research in ECT, and the National Network of Depression Centers have formed the Genetics of ECT International Consortium (Gen-ECT-ic). Gen-ECT-ic will organize the largest clinical and genetic collection to date to study the genomics of severe depressive disorders and response to ECT, aiming for 30,000 patients worldwide using a GWAS approach. At this stage it will be the largest genomic study on treatment response in depression. Retrospective data abstraction and prospective data collection will be facilitated by a uniform data collection approach that is flexible and will incorporate data from many clinical practices. Gen-ECT-ic invites all ECT providers and researchers to join its efforts.
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  • Verma, Suresh K., et al. (författare)
  • Determining factors for the nano-biocompatibility of cobalt oxide nanoparticles : proximal discrepancy in intrinsic atomic interactions at differential vicinage
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Green Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9262 .- 1463-9270. ; 23:9, s. 3439-3458
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The abounding use of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4) requires a detailed understanding of their environmental and biomedical nanotoxicity and an eminent solution to the associated hazards; molecular and atomic aspects of the subject are poorly understood. This study reconnoiters thein vitroandin vivonanotoxicity of Co3O4nanoparticles using human colon cell lines and the embryonic zebrafish model. The synthesis of Co3O4nanoparticles (G-CoONP) is delineatedviathe deployment of a medicinal herb,Calotropis gigantea, as an alternative greener solution; stable G-CoONP with a size of 41 ± 15 nm are attainable. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS) analysis revealed the role of floral extract biomolecules in G-CoO NP synthesis. Thein vitroandin vivoeffects are accompanied by dose-dependent exposure at the molecular level by eliciting Sod1 and P53 genes up to 8.2 and 5.2 fold leading to a significant change in the reactive oxygen species and apoptosis level. It unraveled the toxicity of the cobalt oxide NP as increased apoptosis elicited by higher oxidative stress due to the accumulation and internalization of nanoparticles in cells and embryos. Green synthesized G-CoONP exhibited higher biocompatibility than commercial C-CoONP with reduced apoptosis and ROS in both human colon cell lines and zebrafish embryos.In silicoanalysis portrayed the intrinsic atomic interaction of Co3O4NP with cysteine, arginine, and histidine of oxidative stress (SOD1/sod1) and apoptosis (TP53/tp53) proteins leading to dysregulation of their structural and functional integrity in human and zebrafish, respectively. A proximal discrepancy in intrinsic atomic interaction due to the H-bonding and hydrophobic interaction at the differentialin vitroandin vivovicinage served as a key determinant factor for the cellular biocompatibility of Co3O4nanoparticles.
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  • Alexander, Stephen P. H., et al. (författare)
  • The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24: G protein-coupled receptors
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY. - : British pharmacological society. - 0007-1188 .- 1476-5381. ; 180
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24 is the sixth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews, mostly in tabular format, of the key properties of approximately 1800 drug targets, and about 6000 interactions with about 3900 ligands. There is an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. Although the Concise Guide constitutes almost 500 pages, the material presented is substantially reduced compared to information and links presented on the website. It provides a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates. The full contents of this section can be found at . G protein-coupled receptors are one of the six major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being: ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, catalytic receptors, enzymes and transporters. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. The landscape format of the Concise Guide is designed to facilitate comparison of related targets from material contemporary to mid-2023, and supersedes data presented in the 2021/22, 2019/20, 2017/18, 2015/16 and 2013/14 Concise Guides and previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in close conjunction with the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (NC-IUPHAR), therefore, providing official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate.
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  • Christopoulos, Arthur, et al. (författare)
  • THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22: G protein-coupled receptors.
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: British journal of pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 1476-5381 .- 0007-1188. ; 178 Suppl 1
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22 is the fifth in this series of biennial publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews, mostly in tabular format, of the key properties of nearly 1900 human drug targets with an emphasis on selective pharmacology (where available), plus links to the open access knowledgebase source of drug targets and their ligands (www.guidetopharmacology.org), which provides more detailed views of target and ligand properties. Although the Concise Guide constitutes over 500 pages, the material presented is substantially reduced compared to information and links presented on the website. It provides a permanent, citable, point-in-time record that will survive database updates. The full contents of this section can be found at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/bph.15538. G protein-coupled receptors are one of the six major pharmacological targets into which the Guide is divided, with the others being: ion channels, nuclear hormone receptors, catalytic receptors, enzymes and transporters. These are presented with nomenclature guidance and summary information on the best available pharmacological tools, alongside key references and suggestions for further reading. The landscape format of the Concise Guide is designed to facilitate comparison of related targets from material contemporary to mid-2021, and supersedes data presented in the 2019/20, 2017/18, 2015/16 and 2013/14 Concise Guides and previous Guides to Receptors and Channels. It is produced in close conjunction with the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (NC-IUPHAR), therefore, providing official IUPHAR classification and nomenclature for human drug targets, where appropriate.
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  • Husain, A., et al. (författare)
  • Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Transformation of a Novel 2-Fold Interpenetrated Cadmium-Organic Framework with Trimesate and 1,2-Bis(4-pyridyl)ethane into the Thermally Desolvated Form Which Exhibits Liquid and Gas Sorption Properties
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7505 .- 1528-7483. ; 13:4, s. 1526-1534
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A novel 2-fold interpenetrated pillared cadmium metal organic framework namely [Cd(HBTC)-BPE](n)center dot nDMF has been synthesized using 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (BPE). This compound has been desolvated and subjected to various liquids and gases for sorption studies. Structures of the assynthesized (1) desolvated (2) and resolvated in benzene (3) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and further characterized by elemental analysis IR spectra, and thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed a 2-fold interpenetrated, three-dimensional (3D) framework which exhibits a 3,5-connected network with the Schlafli symbol of [(6(3))(6(9).8) and hms topology. Compound I exhibits a temperature-induced single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SC SC) transformation upon the release of N,N'-dimethylformamide molecules forming compound 2 (stable up to 300 C). SC SC transformation is also observed when it is immersed in benzene, chloroform, 1,4dioxane, and tetrahydrofuran. The uptake of different solvent molecules was analyzed, and desolvated samples selectively adsorb benzene, chloroform, 1,4-dioxane, and THF molecules over other selected polar solvents. Gas (N-2, CO2, and N2O) sorption experiments were also performed and the structure showed 2.5% N-2 4.5% CO2, and 3.4% N2O absorption by mass at room temperature and moderate gas pressures (similar to 10 bar).
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  • Husain, Sajid, et al. (författare)
  • Emergence of spin-orbit torques in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides: A status update
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Applied Physics Reviews. - : AIP Publishing. - 1931-9401. ; 7:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in two-dimensional (2D) materials has emerged as a powerful tool for designing spintronic devices. On the one hand, the interest in this respect for graphene, the most popular 2D material with numerous fascinating and exciting properties, is fading due to the absence of SOC. On the other hand, 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are known to exhibit rich physics including large SOC. TMDs have been used for decades in a variety of applications such as nano-electronics, photonics, optoelectronics, sensing, and recently also in spintronics. Here, we review the current progress in research on 2D TMDs for generating spin-orbit torques in spin-logic devices. Several challenges connecting to thin film growth, film thickness, layer symmetry, and transport properties and their impact on the efficiency of spintronic devices are reviewed. How different TMDs generate spin-orbit torques in magnetic heterostructures is discussed in detail. Relevant aspects for improving the quality of the thin film growth as well as the efficiency of the generated spin-orbit torques are discussed together with future perspectives in the field of spin-orbitronics.
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  • Husain, Sajid, et al. (författare)
  • Observation of Skyrmions at Room Temperature in Co2FeAl Heusler Alloy Ultrathin Film Heterostructures
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Magnetic skyrmions are topological spin-textures having immense potential for energy efficient spintronic devices. Here, we report the observation of stable skyrmions in unpatterned Ta/Co2FeAl(CFA)/MgO thin film heterostructures at room temperature in remnant state employing magnetic force microscopy. It is shown that these skyrmions consisting of ultrathin ferromagnetic CFA Heusler alloy result from strong interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (i-DMI) as evidenced by Brillouin light scattering measurements, in agreement with the results of micromagnetic simulations. We also emphasize on room temperature observation of multiple skyrmions which can be stabilized for suitable combinations of CFA layer thickness, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and i-DMI. These results provide a significant step towards designing of room temperature spintronic devices based on skyrmions in full Heusler alloy based thin films.
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  • Husain, Sajid, et al. (författare)
  • Probing Charge Density Wave Effects in 1T-TaS2 Monolayer/Ni81Fe19 Heterostructure: A Spin Dynamics Approach
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Acs Applied Electronic Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2637-6113. ; 3:8, s. 3321-3328
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2 is known to exhibit a number of collective electronic states known as charge density wave (CDW) instabilities. Intriguing phenomena such as a large damping-like spin-orbit torque (SOT) have been reported in monolayer 1T-TaS2 [Nano Lett. 2020, 20 (9), 6372-6380]. Probing of CDWs in monolayer thick 1T-TaS2 has been an inconceivable task. Here, the temperature-dependent spin dynamics and the effect of CDWs in the 1T-TaS2(monolayer)/Ni81Fe19 (Py) (7 nm) heterostructure are reported. Employing ferromagnetic resonance, the effect of the different commensurate (C) and nearly commensurate (NC) CDW states on the spin dynamics during heating and cooling cycles has been characterized by use of the effective damping constant and the spin mixing conductance of the heterostructure. In addition, these CCDW and NCCDW states, which affect the SOT efficiencies due to damping- and field-like SOTs, have been evaluated by using angle-dependent planar Hall effect measurements in controlled cooling and heating cycles. Our findings provide a fundamental understanding of the effect of different CDW states on the spin dynamics in twodimensional 1T-TaS2 monolayer interfaced Py.
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  • Husain, V., et al. (författare)
  • Natural arsenic in groundwater of Indus delta in the province of Sindh, Pakistan
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Understanding the Geological and Medical Interface of Arsenic, As 2012 - 4th International Congress: Arsenic in the Environment. - : CRC Press. - 9780415637633 ; , s. 31-32
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The worst arsenic-affected parts of Pakistan lie in the lower Indus basin of Sindh province. Twenty four out of 41 groundwater samples collected from both shallow and deep wells of Tando Allayar and Tando Mohammad Khan districts are contaminated with arsenic ranging from 10 to 500 ÎŒg/L. This area is one of the most fertile parts of Indus deltaic flood plains, mostly cultivated by rice, sugarcane and vegetables depending on extensive groundwater irrigation. About half of these wells are also sewage impacted. Local unlined sanitation is also responsible for contamination of water resources and increased As toxicity in the area. The pH of As-enriched but sewage free groundwater samples ranges from 6.8 to 8.1 with high bicarbonate content (110 to 520 mg/L) indicating the weathering of carbonate and degradation of organic matter under local reducing conditions.
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  • Ivanov, Alexander, et al. (författare)
  • Affinity adhesion of carbohydrate particles and yeast cells to boronate-containing polymer brushes grafted onto siliceous supports
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Chemistry: A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 1521-3765 .- 0947-6539. ; 12:27, s. 7204-7214
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Cross-linked agarose particles (Sepharose CL-6B) and baker's yeast cells were found to adhere to siliceous supports end-grafted with boronate-containing copolymers (BCCs) of N,N-dimethylacrylamide at pH >= 7.5, due to boronate interactions with surface carbohydrates of the particles and the cells. These interactions were registered both on macroscopic and on molecular levels: the BCCs spontaneously adsorbed on the agarose gel at pH >= 7.5, with adsorption increasing with pH. Agarose particles and yeast cells stained with Procion Red HE-3B formed stable, monolayer-like structures at pH 8.0, whereas at pH 7.0-7.8 the structures on the copolymer-grafted supports were less stable and more random. At pH 9.0, 50% saturation of the surface with adhering cells was attained in 2 min. Stained cells formed denser and more stable layers on the copolymer-grafted supports than they did on supports modified with self-assembled organosilane layers derivatized with low-molecular-weight boronate, presumably due to a higher reactivity of the grafted BCCs. Quantitative detachment of adhered particles and cells could be achieved by addition of 20 mm fructose - a strong competitor for binding to boronates - at pH 7.0-9.0. Regeneration of the grafted supports allowed several sequential adhesion and detachment cycles with stained yeast cells. Affinity adhesion of micron-sized carbohydrate particles to boronate-containing polymer brushes fixed on solid supports is discussed as a possible model system suggesting a new approach to isolation and separation of living cells.
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  • Kagalwala, Husain N., et al. (författare)
  • Evidence for Oxidative Decay of a Ru-Bound Ligand during Catalyzed Water Oxidation
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: ACS Catalysis. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2155-5435. ; 7:4, s. 2607-2615
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the evaluation of systems designed for 800 catalytic water oxidation, ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) is often used as a sacrificial electron acceptor. One of the sources of failure for such systems is oxidative decay of the catalyst in the presence of the strong oxidant CAN (E-ox = +1.71 V). Little progress has been made in understanding the circumstances behind this decay. In this study we show that a 2-(2'-hydroxphenyl) derivative (LH) of 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) in the complex [Ru(L)(tpy)](+) (tpy = 2,2';6',2 ''-terpyridine) can be oxidized by CAN to a 2-carboxy-phen while still bound to the metal. This complex is, in fact, a very active water oxidation catalyst. The incorporation of a methyl substituent on the phenol ring of LH slows down the oxidative decay and consequently slows down the catalytic oxidation. An analogous system based on bpy (2,2'-bipyridine) instead of phen shows much lower activity under the same conditions. Water molecule association to the Ru center of [Ru(L)(tpy)](+) and carboxylate donor dissociation were proposed to occur at the trivalent state. The resulting [Ru-III-OH2] was further oxidized to [Ru-IV=O] via a PCET process.
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46.
  • Shah, M. B. N., et al. (författare)
  • Error Handling Algorithm and Probabilistic Analysis Under Fault for CAN-Based Steer-by-Wire System
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. - 1551-3203 .- 1941-0050. ; 12:3, s. 1017-1034
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper proposes an efficient way to handle fault in controller area network (CAN)-based networked control system (NCS). A fault in a bus line of CAN will induce a data error which will result in data dropout or time delay, and subsequently may lead to performance degradation or system instability. A strategy to handle fault occurrence in CAN bus is proposed to properly analyze the effect of the fault to CAN-based NCS performance. The fault occurrences are modeled based on fault interarrival time, fault bursts' duration, and Poisson law. Using fault and messages' attributes, response time analysis (RTA) is performed and the probability of control message missing its deadline is calculated. Utilizing the new error handling algorithm to replace the native error handling of CAN, the probability of a control message missing its deadline can be translated into the probability of data dropout for control message. This methodology is evaluated using steer-by-wire system of vehicle to analyze the effect of fault occurrences in CAN. It is found that the proposed error handling mechanism has resulted in better NCS performance and the range of data dropout probability for control message also could be obtained, which serves as crucial input for NCS controller design.
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48.
  • Sid Ahmed, Mazen, 1970-, et al. (författare)
  • Clinical outcomes, molecular epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from bloodstream infections from Qatar
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Annals of Medicine. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0785-3890 .- 1365-2060. ; 53:1, s. 2345-2353
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR)-Pseudomonas aeruginosa are associated with poor clinical outcomes, at least partly due to delayed appropriate antimicrobial therapy. The characteristics of MDR-P. aeruginosa bloodstream isolates have not been evaluated in Qatar. Our study aimed to examine in vitro susceptibility, clinical and molecular characteristics, and mechanisms of resistance of MDR-P. aeruginosa bloodstream isolates from Qatar.Materials and methods: We included all MDR-P. aeruginosa isolated from blood cultures taken between October 2014 and September 2017. Blood cultures were processed using BD BACTEC™ FX automated system. BD Phoenix™ was used for identification, Liofilchem® MIC Test Strips for MIC determination. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina-HiSeq-2000.Results: Out of 362 P. aeruginosa bloodstream isolates, 16 (4.4%) were MDR. The median patient age was 55 years (range 43-81) and all patients presented with septic shock. Most patients received meropenem (12/16) and/or colistin (10/16). Clinical response was achieved in eight patients, and five patients died within 30-days. MDR-P. aeruginosa isolates belonged to 13 different sequence types. All isolates were non-susceptible to cefepime and ciprofloxacin. The most active agents were colistin (16/16) and aztreonam (10/16). Seven isolates produced blaVIM, and four possessed genes encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases. Aminoglycoside modifying enzymes were present in 15/16, transferable qnr-mediated quinolone resistance gene was detected in 3/16, and the novel ciprofloxacin modifying enzyme CrpP-encoding gene in one isolate.Conclusion: MDR-P. aeruginosa BSIs are relatively uncommon in Qatar but are highly resistant, harbour multiple resistance genes, and are commonly associated with unfavourable clinical outcomes. Colistin was the only agent with consistent activity against the study isolates.Key messagesMDR-P. aeruginosa constituted <5% of P. aeruginosa blood isolates over three years.Typical risk factors for MDR infections were highly prevalent in the study population and overall clinical outcomes are consistent with those previously reported.Colistin was the only agent with consistent antibacterial activity against the study isolates.
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49.
  • Villamayor, Michelle Marie S., et al. (författare)
  • Wafer-sized WS2 monolayer deposition by sputtering
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 14:17, s. 6331-6338
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We demonstrate that tungsten disulphide (WS2) with thicknesses ranging from monolayer (ML) to several monolayers can be grown on SiO2/Si, Si, and Al2O3 by pulsed direct current-sputtering. The presence of high quality monolayer and multilayered WS2 on the substrates is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy since the peak separations between the A(1g)-E-2g and A(1g)-2LA vibration modes exhibit a gradual increase depending on the number of layers. X-ray diffraction confirms a textured (001) growth of WS2 films. The surface roughness measured with atomic force microscopy is between 1.5 and 3 angstrom for the ML films. The chemical composition WSx (x = 2.03 +/- 0.05) was determined from X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on a multilayer film to show the 2D layered structure. A unique method for growing 2D layers directly by sputtering opens up the way for designing 2D materials and batch production of high-uniformity and high-quality (stochiometric, large grain sizes, flatness) WS2 films, which will advance their practical applications in various fields.
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