| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Alaridah, Nader, et al.
(author)
-
Transmission dynamics study of tuberculosis isolates with whole genome sequencing in southern Sweden
- 2019
-
In: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Epidemiological contact tracing complemented with genotyping of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates is important for understanding disease transmission. In Sweden, tuberculosis (TB) is mostly reported in migrant and homeless where epidemiologic contact tracing could pose a problem. This study compared epidemiologic linking with genotyping in a low burden country. Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates (n = 93) collected at Scania University Hospital in Southern Sweden were analysed with the standard genotyping method mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) and the results were compared with whole genome sequencing (WGS). Using a maximum of twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as the upper threshold of genomic relatedness noted among hosts, we identified 18 clusters with WGS comprising 52 patients with overall pairwise genetic maximum distances ranging from zero to nine SNPs. MIRU-VNTR and WGS clustered the same isolates, although the distribution differed depending on MIRU-VNTR limitations. Both genotyping techniques identified clusters where epidemiologic linking was insufficient, although WGS had higher correlation with epidemiologic data. To summarize, WGS provided better resolution of transmission than MIRU-VNTR in a setting with low TB incidence. WGS predicted epidemiologic links better which could consolidate and correct the epidemiologically linked cases, avoiding thus false clustering.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Bergh, Jonas, et al.
(author)
-
FACT : An Open-Label Randomized Phase III Study of Fulvestrant and Anastrozole in Combination Compared With Anastrozole Alone as First-Line Therapy for Patients With Receptor-Positive Postmenopausal Breast Cancer
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - Alexandria, VA : American Society of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 30:16, s. 1919-1925
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: To compare the effect of therapy with anastrozole versus a combination of fulvestrant and anastrozole in women in first relapse of endocrine-responsive breast cancer. Patients and Methods: Postmenopausal women, or premenopausal women receiving a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, with estrogen receptor– and/or progesterone receptor–positive disease at first relapse after primary treatment of localized disease were open-label randomly assigned to a fulvestrant loading dose (LD) regimen followed by monthly injection plus 1 mg of anastrozole daily or to 1 mg of anastrozole daily alone. The primary end point was time to progression (TTP). Results: In all, 514 women were randomly assigned to fulvestrant plus anastrozole (experimental arm; n = 258) or anastrozole (standard arm; n = 256). Approximately two thirds had received adjuvant antiestrogens, but only eight individuals had received an aromatase inhibitor. Median TTP was 10.8 and 10.2 months in the experimental versus standard arm, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.20; P = .91); median overall survival was 37.8 and 38.2 months, respectively (HR = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.32; P = 1.00). Incidences of prespecified adverse events (AEs) were similar. Hot flashes were more common in the experimental arm: 63 patients (24.6%) versus 35 patients (13.8%) in the standard arm (P = .0023). Death owing to AEs was reported in 11 (4.3%) and five patients (2.0%) in the experimental versus standard arm, respectively. Conclusion: Fulvestrant (250 mg + LD regimen) in combination with anastrozole offered no clinical efficacy advantage over anastrozole monotherapy in this population of individuals with a relatively high proportion of previous adjuvant antiestrogen exposure.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Bergöö, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
-
Glädjen i att förstå : språk- och textarbete med barn
- 2012
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Boken beskriver en aspekt som ofta får alltför lite fokus i arbetet med yngre barn, nämligen ett demokratiskt och kritiskt språkarbete kring sociala rättvisefrågor - s.k. critical literacy. Kärnan i ett sådant arbete är att barnen undersöker texter av olika slag som omger dem. Texterna undersöks med fokus på makt, genus, etnicitet och rättvisa: Vem är det som talar i texten? Vad säger texten oss? Varför? Skulle det kunna vara på något annat sätt?
|
|
| 7. |
- Bergöö, Kerstin, 1942-, et al.
(author)
-
Skrivutveckling och undervisning
- 1997
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vad utmärker en bra elevtext? Hur påverkas elevernas skrivutveckling av den undervisning de får, och vad menar vi egentligen när vi säger att barns skrivande "utvecklas"? Dessa och andra frågor diskuteras ingående i den här boken där läsaren får följa tre låg- och mellanstadieelevers skrivande över lång tid. Elevernas texter diskuteras och analyseras ur olika perspektiv samt med utgångspunkt i modern teoribildning. Särskild vikt har lagts vid att granska de olika texterna ur ett undervisningsperspektiv. Författarna försöker synliggöra den undervisningskontext i vilken texterna producerats, eftersom förklaringen till en texts kvalitéer och brister ofta står att finna i den undervisningssituation som texten tillkommit i. Syftet med boken är att underlätta för lärare och lärarstuderande i deras strävan att förstå och utveckla sina kunskaper om skrivande, skrivpedagogik och textanalys.Boken är avsedd för grundutbildning och fortbildning av lärare.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bergöö, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
-
Skrivutveckling och undervisning
- 1997
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vad utmärker en bra elevtext? Hur påverkas elevernas skrivutveckling av den undervisning de får, och vad menar vi egentligen när vi säger att barns skrivande "utvecklas"? Dessa och andra frågor diskuteras ingående i den här boken där läsaren får följa tre låg- och mellanstadieelevers skrivande över lång tid. Elevernas texter diskuteras och analyseras ur olika perspektiv samt med utgångspunkt i modern teoribildning. Särskild vikt har lagts vid att granska de olika texterna ur ett undervisningsperspektiv. Författarna försöker synliggöra den undervisningskontext i vilken texterna producerats, eftersom förklaringen till en texts kvalitéer och brister ofta står att finna i den undervisningssituation som texten tillkommit i. Syftet med boken är att underlätta för lärare och lärarstuderande i deras strävan att förstå och utveckla sina kunskaper om skrivande, skrivpedagogik och textanalys. Boken är avsedd för grundutbildning och fortbildning av lärare.
|
|
| 9. |
- Bogren, Anna, 1963, et al.
(author)
-
Long-term effect of the combined use of powered toothbrush and triclosan dentifrice in periodontal maintenance patients.
- 2008
-
In: Journal of clinical periodontology. - 1600-051X. ; 35:2, s. 157-64
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: To test the hypothesis of a superior clinical and microbiological effect of the combined use of powered toothbrush+triclosan-containing dentifrice compared with manual toothbrush+regular fluoride-containing dentifrice in periodontal maintenance patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 128 periodontitis subjects involved in recall programmes were randomized to use either powered toothbrush with triclosan-dentifrice (test) or manual toothbrush and standard dentifrice (control). Supportive periodontal treatment was provided at baseline and every 6 months. Plaque, bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD) and relative attachment level (RAL) were scored at baseline, 1, 2 and 3 years. Subgingival plaque samples were taken and analysed for their content of 40 bacterial species at each examination interval. All analyses were performed by "intention-to-treat" protocol. RESULTS: Both groups showed significant reduction in BoP, PPD and in mean total counts of the 40 bacterial species between baseline and 3 years, while plaque score and RAL remained almost unchanged. No significant differences between the two prevention programmes were found for any of the clinical outcome variables or in mean counts of the various bacterial species. CONCLUSIONS: The study failed to demonstrate superior clinical and microbiological effects of powered toothbrush+triclosan dentifrice compared with manual toothbrush+standard fluoride-dentifrice in periodontitis-susceptible patients on regular maintenance therapy.
|
|
| 10. |
- Breidegard, Björn, et al.
(author)
-
Disclosing the secrets of braille reading: Computer-aided registration and interactive analysis
- 2006
-
In: Visual Impairment Research. - 1388-235X. ; 8:3, s. 49-59
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The pilot project reported here utilized the first technology ever developed for the computerized on-line registration and analysis of finger movements during Braille reading. Five congenitally blind subjects performed tactile reading of pedagogically carefully selected texts. Two specialists in visual impairments analyzed the computer-registered reading activities using specially designed interaction software. The subjects themselves were interviewed and contributed to discussions about their own individual reading styles. The analyses of this first handful of subjects reveal a number of important strategies and preferences with regard to on-line tactile reading. Further, the results challenge several assumptions and practices in Braille teaching. This pilot project lays the foundation for more comprehensive large-scale studies - both cross-sectional and longitudinal ones - studies long wanted in the domain of tactile reading.
|
|
| 11. |
- Breidegard, Björn, et al.
(author)
-
Enlightened: The art of finger reading
- 2008
-
In: Studia Linguistica. - : Wiley. - 1467-9582 .- 0039-3193. ; 62:3, s. 249-260
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For some forty years the eye-tracking technology has facilitated the study of eye movement patterns for sighted people during reading and other visual activities. Today – a newly developed automatic finger tracking system makes it possible to reconstruct blind people’s tactile reading in real time and to automatically analyze finger movements during Braille text reading and tactile picture recognition. In this case study, the very first automatic finger tracking system is presented together with results indicating how Braille readers can increase awareness of their own reading styles. This opens up for future Braille education to become more evidence-based and, at the same time, for a new research field: contrastive studies of language in its auditory, visual and tactile manifestations.
|
|
| 12. |
- Busquets, Rosa, et al.
(author)
-
Biomonitoring of Dietary Heterocyclic Amines and Metabolites in Urine by Liquid Phase Microextraction: 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), a Possible Biomarker of Exposure to Dietary PhIP
- 2013
-
In: Chemical Research in Toxicology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5010 .- 0893-228X. ; 26:2, s. 233-240
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are mutagenic/carcinogenic compounds formed at ng/g levels during frying meat or fish. The effect of the normal intake of dietary HCAs in humans and their involvement in the etiology of cancer are currently unknown. In this work, a new extraction method, liquid phase microextraction (LPME) with hollow fibers, and LC-MS/MS have been used for the first time to determine HCAs and metabolites in nonspiked human urine following a single meal of chicken cooked at 180 degrees C for 6 min. The total intake of HCAs was estimated to be 6 mu g, of which 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) accounted for about 1 mu g. The concentrations of PhIP in nonhydrolyzed urine samples ranged from 11.7 to 59.4 pg/g. The total amount of PhIP in urine ranged between 9.3 and 21.1 ng, which corresponds to 0.91-2.1% of the ingested PhIP. In addition, the urine levels of 4'-OH-PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-(4'-hydroxy)phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) and 5-OH-PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-(5-hydroxy)phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) also showed a narrow variation between the samples. The analysis of urine samples after acid hydrolysis did not give additional information but showed a notable increase in norharman in some cases. The obtained results suggest PhIP in urine as a possible biomarker of exposure to HCAs and the LPME and LC-MS/MS method as an appropriate strategy to biomonitor HCAs in urine.
|
|
| 13. |
- Busquets, Rosa, et al.
(author)
-
Hollow fibre-supported liquid membrane extraction and LC-MS/MS detection for the analysis of heterocyclic amines in urine samples
- 2009
-
In: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research. - : Wiley. - 1613-4133 .- 1613-4125. ; 53:12, s. 1496-1504
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are potent mutagens/carcinogens to which humans are frequently exposed through the consumption of cooked meat and fish food. The effect of normal intake of HCAs and their role in the aetiology of human cancer is unknown. To some extent, limitations of the existing analytical methods in monitoring the low levels of HCAs in biological samples have hindered obtaining conclusive results. In this study, a method for the analysis of HCAs in human urine has been studied to detect HCAs and metabolites at levels resulting from consumption of food cooked at ordinary conditions. The analytical method consisted of extraction and clean-Lip by the novel technique liquid-phase microextraction combined with LC-MS/MS. The effect of pH during the extraction and hydrolysis step was examined. High sensitivity was achieved when the extraction was performed in raw urine adjusted to pH 5.5, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine being detected from 2 pg/g urine, levels comparable with a normal exposure. Good reproducibility and repeat-ability was obtained for 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline, below 9% using isotopic dilution. The performance of the method on 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-(5-hydroxy)phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine was also studied.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Diab, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
-
Work-related airway symptoms, nasal reactivity and health-related quality of life in female hairdressers: a follow-up study during exposure.
- 2014
-
In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1246 .- 0340-0131. ; 87:1, s. 61-71
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Hairdressers often complain of work-related rhinitis (WR). They are infrequently sensitized to persulphates. The cause and mechanism of the symptoms and the effects on their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) remains unclear. The objectives were to follow female hairdressers with WR mainly from bleaching powder regarding nasal reactivity to persulphate and to evaluate symptoms, HRQoL and inflammatory markers in nasal lavage during a working period after vacation and compared with hairdressers without symptoms and pollen allergic women. METHODS: Skin prick tests to persulphate were performed in the hairdressers. Participants kept a diary of symptoms and of work tasks (hairdressers only). They completed HRQoL questionnaires. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in nasal lavage fluid was examined. The symptomatic hairdressers performed nasal challenges with persulphate before and after the exposure. RESULTS: Skin prick tests were negative. Although the nasal reactivity to persulphate did not change a steady increase in nasal symptoms, especially blockage, and in ECP was noticed in the symptomatic hairdressers. The HRQoL deteriorated in the symptomatic hairdressers indicating an effect on their working situation and daily life. The atopics had more, but varying symptoms (itching, sneezing and secretion). CONCLUSIONS: The difference in the clinical picture between the symptomatic hairdressers and the pollen allergic women, the increase in symptoms and ECP in the nasal lavage support the view that a sensitization to hairdresser chemicals by a mechanism not yet understood is operating. The deterioration of the HRQoL in the symptomatic hairdressers indicates a considerable effect on their life.
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Ericsson, Jessica S, 1971, et al.
(author)
-
Periodontal health status in Swedish adolescents: an epidemiological, cross-sectional study
- 2009
-
In: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 33:(3), s. 131-139
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this epidemiological survey was to analyze the periodontal conditions of 19-year old individuals in two rural county areas, i.e. Fyrbodal and Skaraborg, Västra Götaland, Sweden, with special reference to gender and socioeconomic grouping. A randomized sample of 506 individuals (Fyrbodal 250 and Skaraborg 256 individuals, respectively) was clinically examined with regard to oral hygiene, gingivitis, periodontal pockets and gingival recession. Bitewing radiographs were used for assessment of alveolar bone level (ABL) and dental calculus. A questionnaire-based interview regarding oral hygiene habits was included. A majority of the subjects (76%) claimed to brush their teeth at least twice a day, while interdental hygiene means were used daily by 4%. The subjects showed a mean plaque score of 47% and a gingivitis score of 56%. Forty-six % of the adolescents had a plaque score of > or = 50%, whereas the corresponding figure for gingivitis was 62%. The subjects had on average 5.5 teeth with facial gingival recession. The mean prevalence of sites with probing depth (PPD) of > or = 4 mm was 8, out of which 99% were located at proximal sites. A radiographic bone level of > 2 mm was observed at on average 0.4 teeth per subject. Logistic regression analyses revealed that gender (males) and county area (Fyrbodal) were significant factors for a high plaque and gingivitis score. There was no significant difference in periodontal conditions in relation to socio-economic grouping. In conclusion, the survey revealed higher prevalence of plaque and gingivitis among male than female adolescents, but no differences between socioeconomic groups.
|
|
| 18. |
- Goobar, Ariel, et al.
(author)
-
Near-IR search for lensed supernovae behind galaxy clusters. II. First detection and future prospects
- 2009
-
In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 507:1, s. 71-83
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims: Powerful gravitational telescopes in the form of massive galaxy clusters can be used to enhance the light collecting power over a limited field of view by about an order of magnitude in flux. This effect is exploited here to increase the depth of a survey for lensed supernovae at near-IR wavelengths. Methods: We present a pilot supernova search programme conducted with the ISAAC camera at VLT. Lensed galaxies behind the massive clusters A1689, A1835, and AC114 were observed for a total of 20 h divided into 2, 3, and 4 epochs respectively, separated by approximately one month to a limiting magnitude J ≲ 24 (Vega). Image subtractions including another 20 h worth of archival ISAAC/VLT data were used to search for transients with lightcurve properties consistent with redshifted supernovae, both in the new and reference data. Results: The feasibility of finding lensed supernovae in our survey was investigated using synthetic lightcurves of supernovae and several models of the volumetric type Ia and core-collapse supernova rates as a function of redshift. We also estimate the number of supernova discoveries expected from the inferred star-formation rate in the observed galaxies. The methods consistently predict a Poisson mean value for the expected number of supernovae in the survey of between N_SN = 0.8 and 1.6 for all supernova types, evenly distributed between core collapse and type Ia supernovae. One transient object was found behind A1689, 0.5 arcsec from a galaxy with photometric redshift z_gal = 0.6 ± 0.15. The lightcurve and colors of the transient are consistent with being a reddened type IIP supernova at z_SN = 0.59. The lensing model predicts 1.4 mag of magnification at the location of the transient, without which this object would not have been detected in the near-IR ground-based search described in this paper (unlensed magnitude J ~ 25). We perform a feasibility study of the potential for lensed supernovae discoveries with larger and deeper surveys and conclude that the use of gravitational telescopes is a very exciting path for new discoveries. For example, a monthly rolling supernova search of a single very massive cluster with the HAWK-I camera at VLT would yield ≳ 10 lensed supernova lightcurves per year, where type Ia supernovae would constitute about half of the expected sample. Based on observations made with ESO telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme ID 079.A-0192 and ID 081.A-0734.
|
|
| 19. |
- Gräns, Albin, 1979, et al.
(author)
-
Aerobic scope fails to explain the detrimental effects on growth resulting from warming and elevated CO2 in Atlantic halibut
- 2014
-
In: Journal of Experimental Biology. - : The Company of Biologists. - 0022-0949 .- 1477-9145. ; 217:5, s. 711-717
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As a consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2, the world's oceans are becoming warmer and more acidic. Whilst the ecological effects of these changes are poorly understood, it has been suggested that fish performance including growth will be reduced mainly as a result of limitations in oxygen transport capacity. Contrary to the predictions given by the oxygen- and capacity-limited thermal tolerance hypothesis, we show that aerobic scope and cardiac performance of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) increase following 14–16 weeks exposure to elevated temperatures and even more so in combination with CO2-acidified seawater. However, the increase does not translate into improved growth, demonstrating that oxygen uptake is not the limiting factor for growth performance at high temperatures. Instead, long-term exposure to CO2-acidified seawater reduces growth at temperatures that are frequently encountered by this species in nature, indicating that elevated atmospheric CO2 levels may have serious implications on fish populations in the future.
|
|
| 20. |
- Heisler, Marcus G., et al.
(author)
-
Context-specific functions of transcription factors controlling plant development : From leaves to flowers
- 2022
-
In: Current Opinion in Plant Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1369-5266. ; 69
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plant development is regulated by transcription factors that often act in more than one process and stage of development. Yet the molecular mechanisms that govern the functional diversity and specificity of these proteins remains far from understood. Flower development provides an ideal context to study these mechanisms since the development of distinct floral organs depends on similar but distinct combinations of transcriptional regulators. Recent work also highlights the importance of leaf polarity regulators as additional key factors in flower initiation, floral organ morphogenesis, and possibly floral organ positioning. A detailed understanding of how these factors work in combination will enable us to address outstanding questions in flower development including how distinct shapes and positions of floral organs are generated. Experimental approaches and computer-based modeling will be required to characterize gene-regulatory networks at the level of single cells.
|
|
| 21. |
- Hickmann, Thomas, et al.
(author)
-
Scoping article : research frontiers on the governance of the Sustainable Development Goals
- 2024
-
In: Global Sustainability. - 2059-4798. ; 7
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Non-Technical SummaryThis article takes stock of the 2030 Agenda and focuses on five governance areas. In a nutshell, we see a quite patchy and often primarily symbolic uptake of the global goals. Although some studies highlight individual success stories of actors and institutions to implement the goals, it remains unclear how such cases can be upscaled and develop a broader political impact to accelerate the global endeavor to achieve sustainable development. We hence raise concerns about the overall effectiveness of governance by goal-setting and raise the question of how we can make this mode of governance more effective.Technical SummaryA recent meta-analysis on the political impact of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has shown that these global goals are moving political processes forward only incrementally, with much variation across countries, sectors, and governance levels. Consequently, the realization of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development remains uncertain. Against this backdrop, this article explores where and how incremental political changes are taking place due to the SDGs, and under what conditions these developments can bolster sustainability transformations up to 2030 and beyond. Our scoping review builds upon an online expert survey directed at the scholarly community of the 'Earth System Governance Project' and structured dialogues within the 'Taskforce on the SDGs' under this project. We identified five governance areas where some effects of the SDGs have been observable: (1) global governance, (2) national policy integration, (3) subnational initiatives, (4) private governance, and (5) education and learning for sustainable development. This article delves deeper into these governance areas and draws lessons to guide empirical research on the promises and pitfalls of accelerating SDG implementation.Social Media SummaryAs SDG implementation lags behind, this article explores 5 governance areas asking how to strengthen the global goals.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Jönsson, Anders, et al.
(author)
-
Handlingsutrymme i en professionell kontext
- 2021
-
In: Välfärdens aktörer : Utmaningar för människor, professioner och organisationer - Utmaningar för människor, professioner och organisationer. - : Social Work Press. - 9789178955428 - 9789178955435 ; 2, s. 181-211
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
-
An individually tailored treatment programme for improved oral hygiene : introduction of a new course of action in health education for patients with periodontitis
- 2009
-
In: International Journal of Dental Hygiene. - Oxford : Wiley. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 7:3, s. 166-175
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To describe and evaluate an individually tailored treatment programme based on a behavioural medicine approach to oral hygiene self-care for patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods: Two experimental single-case studies with multiple-baseline design across different self-administered oral hygiene behaviours were conducted. Cognitive Behavioural techniques were used to organize the strategies for the intervention and the approach to counselling was inspired by and structured in accordance with Motivational Interviewing. The central features in the programme were the individual analysis of knowledge and oral hygiene habits, individually set goals for oral hygiene behaviour, practice of manual dexterity for oral hygiene aids, continuous self-monitoring of the behaviour and prevention of relapse.Results: Both participants reached the predecided criteria for clinical significance in reducing plaque and bleeding on probing. Reductions of periodontal probing depth were achieved as well. The positive results remained stable throughout the 2-year study period.Conclusion: The successful application of this educational model suggests that it could be used as a method for tailoring interventions targeted to oral hygiene for patients with periodontal conditions. The programme will now be tested in a larger randomized controlled trial.
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, 1962-
(author)
-
Behavioural Medicine Perspectives for Change and Prediction of Oral Hygiene Behaviour : Development and Evaluation of an Individually Tailored Oral Health Educational Program
- 2010
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis is about a behavioural medicine approach in periodontal treatment and oral hygiene self-care. The aim of this thesis was to develop, describe, and evaluate an individually tailored oral health educational program on oral hygiene behaviour and non-surgical periodontal treatment success, and to determine factors of importance for predicting oral hygiene behaviour. Two separate studies, both conducted at a specialist clinic for periodontics in a Swedish county council are described. In the first study, the program was developed and described in two experimental single-case studies with multiple baseline designs (Paper I). The second study was a randomised controlled single-blinded trial [n = 113, mean age 51.2, 53% female] in which, the effectiveness of the program was compared with standard treatment on oral hygiene habits, plaque control, and gingivitis (Paper II), periodontal status (Paper III), and attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy (Paper IV). The tailored oral health educational program included a motivational interviewing method and cognitive behavioural techniques, and the individual tailoring for each participant was based on participants’ thoughts and cognitions, intermediate and long-term goals, and oral health status. Participants in the individually tailored program reported higher frequency of daily interdental cleaning and were more confident about maintaining the attained level of behaviour change, had better oral hygiene, and healthier gingival tissue, particularly interproximally. There was a great reduction in periodontal pocket depth and bleeding on probing scores (BoP) for participants in both programs with a greater reduction in BoP scores in the tailored-treatment group. A lower dental plaque score at treatment start increased the predicted probability of attaining treatment success, and self-efficacy towards interdental cleaning predicted oral hygiene behaviour. These studies demonstrate an individually tailored oral health education program is preferable to standard program as an oral hygiene behaviour change interventions in non-surgical periodontal treatment.
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
-
Cost-effectiveness of an individually tailored oral health educational programme based on cognitive behavioural strategies in non-surgical periodontal treatment
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 39:7, s. 659-665
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), performed from a societal perspective, was to compare costs and consequences of an individually tailored oral health educational programme (ITOHEP) based on cognitive behavioural strategies integrated in non-surgical periodontal treatment compared with a standard treatment programme (ST).Material and Methods: A randomized (n = 113), evaluator-blinded, controlled trial, with two different active treatments, was analysed with respect to their costs and consequences 12 months after non-surgical treatment. Costs referred to both treatment costs and costs contributed by the patient. Consequences (outcome) were expressed as the proportion of individuals classified as having reached the pre-set criteria for treatment success after non-surgical treatment (successful-NSPT).Results: More individuals in the ITOHEP group reached the pre-set criteria for treatment success than individuals in the ST group did. The CEA revealed an incremental cost-effectiveness of SEK1724 [191.09; pound SEK9.02 = 1 pound (January 2007)] per successful-NSPT case, of which treatment costs represented SEK1189 (131.82) pound, using the unit cost for a dental hygienist.Conclusion: The incremental costs per successful-NSPT case can be considered as low and strengthens the suggestion that an ITOHEP integrated into non-surgical periodontal treatment is preferable to a standardized education programme.
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluation of an individually tailored oral health educational programme on periodontal health
- 2010
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 37:10, s. 912-919
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To evaluate an individually tailored oral health educational programme (ITOHEP) on periodontal health compared with a standard oral health educational programme. A further aim was to evaluate whether both interventions had a clinically significant effect on non-surgical periodontal treatment at 12-month follow-up. Material and Method: A randomized, evaluator-blinded, controlled trial with 113 subjects (60 females and 53 males) randomly allocated into two different active treatments was used. ITOHEP was based on cognitive behavioural principles and motivational interviewing. The control condition was standard oral hygiene education (ST). The effect on bleeding on probing (BoP), periodontal pocket depth, "pocket closure" i.e. percentage of periodontal pocket >4 mm before treatment that were <5 mm after treatment, oral hygiene [plaque indices (PlI)], and participants' global rating of oral health was evaluated. Preset criteria for PlI, BoP, and "pocket closure" were used to describe clinically significant non-surgical periodontal treatment success. Results: The ITOHEP group had lower BoP scores 12-month post-treatment (95% confidence interval: 5-15, p<0.001) than the ST group. No difference between the two groups was observed for "pocket closure" and reduction of periodontal pocket depth. More individuals in the ITOHEP group reached a level of treatment success. Lower PlI scores at baseline and ITOHEP intervention gave higher odds of treatment success. Conclusions: ITOHEP intervention in combination with scaling is preferable to the ST programme in non-surgical periodontal treatment.
|
|
| 32. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluation of the effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on oral health-related quality of life : estimation of minimal important differences 1 year after treatment
- 2014
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 41:3, s. 275-282
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To evaluate an individually tailored oral health educational programme on patient-reported outcome compared with a standard oral health educational programme, assess change over time and determine minimal important differences (MID) in change scores for two different oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) instrument after non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT).Materials and Methods: In a randomized controlled trial evaluating two educational programmes, patients (n=87) with chronic periodontitis completed a questionnaire at baseline and after 12months. OHRQoL was assessed with the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the UK oral health-related quality-of-life measure (OHQoL-UK). In addition, patients' global rating of oral health and socio-demographic variables were recorded. The MID was estimated with anchor-based and distributions-based methods.Results: There were no differences between the two educational groups. The OHRQoL was significantly improved after treatment. The MID was approximately five for OHQoL-UK with a moderate ES, and three for GOHAI with a Small ES, and 46-50% of the patients showed improvements beyond the MID.Conclusion: Both oral health educational groups reported higher scores in OHRQoL after NSPT resulting in more positive well-being (OHQoL-UK) and less frequent oral problems (GOHAI). OHQoL-UK gave a greater effect size and mean change scores but both instruments were associated with the participants' self-rated change in oral health. The changes were meaningful for the patients supported by the estimated MID.
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
-
Factors influencing oral hygiene behaviour and gingival outcomes 3 and 12 months after initial periodontal treatment : an exploratory test of an extended Theory of Reasoned Action
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 39:2, s. 138-144
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: The aim was to empirically test the extended Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and the prospective direct and indirect role of attitudes, beliefs, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and a cognitive behavioural intervention in adult's oral hygiene behaviour and gingival outcomes at 3-and 12-month follow-up. Materials and Methods: Data were derived from an RCT evaluating the effectiveness of oral hygiene educational programs integrated in non-surgical periodontal treatment (n = 113). Before baseline examination, participants completed a self-report questionnaire. Structural equation modelling using maximum likelihood estimation with bootstrapping was used to test the direct and indirect (mediated) pathways within the extended TRA model. Results: The extended TRA model explained a large amount of variance in gingival outcome scores at 12 months (56%). A higher level of self-efficacy at baseline was associated with higher frequencies of oral hygiene behaviour at 3 months. Being female was linked to more normative beliefs that, in turn, related to greater behavioural beliefs and self-efficacy. Gender was also related to behavioural beliefs, attitudes and subjective norms. Both frequency of oral hygiene behaviour at 3 months and the cognitive behavioural intervention predicted gingival outcome at 12 months. Conclusions: The model demonstrated that self-efficacy, gender and a cognitive behavioural intervention were important predictors of oral hygiene behavioural change.
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
-
Self-Efficacy Predicts Future Oral Hygiene Self-care Behavior
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- When oral health interventions for behavior change are evaluated psychological outcomes ought to be included. The study evaluate the effects of two different oral hygiene interventions on attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy, and examined the predictive value of these individual factors for interdental cleaning (IC), plaque control (PlI) and bleeding on probing 12-months after non-surgical periodontal treatment Participants (n=113) were randomly allocated to an experimental or a control group. The experimental intervention was an individually tailored treatment based on participants’ cognitions and beliefs, behavioral goals, and oral health status. In the experimental group, the intention to perform IC daily increased. High self-efficacy (SE) scores at baseline predicted daily IC and PlI scores ≤ 20%, 12-month after treatment. Individuals with low SE had a higher probability of attaining a successful level of oral hygiene if treated with experimental intervention rather than standard treatment.
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
-
Stage of Change for Interdental Cleaning in Patients with Peridontitis
- 2013
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: In the Transtheoretical model, behavioral change processes through a series of stages (Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action and Maintenance). The purpose of the study was to determine if there were an association between decisional balance, self-efficacy and stage of change. A further aim was to assess stage of change for interdental cleaning before and after two different oral hygiene interventions.Method: A randomized (n = 104), evaluator-masked, clinical trial, with two different active oral hygiene behavior interventions, was analyzed with respect to stage of change at baseline and 12 months after non-surgical treatment. An individually tailored oral health educational program [ITOHEP] based on social cognitive principles were compared with a standard oral hygiene education program [ST]. A questionnaire consisting of Stage of Change instrument, Decisional balance instrument, and Self-efficacy instrument was used.Result: Nearly 36 % was in maintenance stage and 47% in the preparation stage. Individuals in the maintenance stage had significant higher self-efficacy than those in contemplation stage (p<0.001). There were no association between stage of change and decisional balance. Significantly more individuals was in the maintenance stage after treatment than before (p<0.001). At baseline there were no differences between groups. At the 12 month follow-up significantly more individuals in the ITOHEP group was in the maintenance stage (p< 0.05) and significantly more individuals in the ST group was in the preparation stage (p<0.05).Conclusion: Individuals with higher self-efficacy were to a greater extent in maintenance stage. Oral hygiene behavior interventions influence patients to move on to the maintenance stage. Patients receiving an individually tailored program were more successful in movement towards maintenance stage compared to patients receiving standard health education.
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
- Jönsson, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
-
The effectiveness of an individually tailored oral health educational programme on oral hygiene behaviour in patients with periodontal disease : a blinded randomized-controlled clinical trial (one-year follow-up)
- 2009
-
In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 36:12, s. 1025-1034
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of an individually tailored oral health educational programme for oral hygiene self-care in patients with chronic periodontitis compared with the standard treatment. Material and Method A randomized, evaluator-blinded, controlled trial with two different active treatments were used with 113 subjects (60 females and 53 males) randomly allocated to an experimental or a control group. The individually tailored oral health educational programme was based on cognitive behavioural principles and the individual tailoring for each participant was based on participants' thoughts, intermediate, and long-term goals, and oral health status. The effect of the programmes on gingivitis [gingival index (GI)], oral hygiene [plaque indices (PlI) and self-report], and participants' global rating of treatment was evaluated 3 and 12months after oral health education and non-surgical treatment. Results Between baseline and the 12-month follow-up, the experimental group improved both GI and PlI more than the control group. The mean gain-score difference was 0.27 for global GI [99.2% confidence interval (CI): 0.16-0.39, p < 0.001] and 0.40 for proximal GI (99.2% CI: 0.27-0.53, p < 0.001). The mean gain-score difference was 0.16 for global PlI (99.2% CI: 0.03-0.30, p=0.001), and 0.26 for proximal PlI (99.2% CI: 0.10-0.43, p < 0.001). The subjects in the experimental group reported a higher frequency of daily inter-dental cleaning and were more certain that they could maintain the attained level of behaviour change. Conclusion The individually tailored oral health educational programme was efficacious in improving long-term adherence to oral hygiene in periodontal treatment. The largest difference was for interproximal surfaces.
|
|
| 42. |
- Jönsson Belyazid, Ulrika, et al.
(author)
-
First records of soilborne Phytophthora species in Swedish oak forests
- 2003
-
In: Forest Pathology. - : Wiley. - 1437-4781 .- 1439-0329. ; 33:3, s. 175-179
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thirty-two oak stands in southern Sweden, 27 with predominantly declining trees and five with a higher proportion of healthy trees were investigated regarding the presence of soilborne Phytophthora species. Phytophthora quercina , an oak-specific fine root pathogen, was isolated from rhizosphere soil samples in 10 of the 27 declining stands. Additionally, P. cactorum and P. cambivora were recovered from one stand each. No Phytophthora species were isolated from the healthy oak stands. The soil conditions at the sites from which Phytophthora spp. were recovered ranged from mesic sediments to moraines, with clayey to silty textures and with soil pH (BaCl2) between 3.5 and 5.0. The results show that P. quercina is geographically widespread in oak stands in southern Sweden and indicate that this pathogen may be one of the factors involved in oak decline in Northern Europe as has already been shown for western, Central and parts of southern Europe.
|
|
| 43. |
- Jönsson Belyazid, Ulrika, et al.
(author)
-
Pathogenicity of Swedish isolates of Phytophthora quercina to Quercus robur in two different soils
- 2003
-
In: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 1469-8137 .- 0028-646X. ; 158:2, s. 355-364
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of soil-borne Phytophthora species, especially Phytophthora quercina , in European oak decline. However, knowledge about the pathogenicity of P. quercina in natural forest soils is limited. The short-term effects of two south-Swedish isolates of P. quercina on root vitality of Quercus robur seedlings grown in two different soils, one high pH, nutrient-rich peat-sand mixture and one acid, nitrogen-rich but otherwise nutrient-poor forest soil are described. Pathogenicity of P. quercina was tested using a soil infestation method under a restricted mesic water regime without prolonged flooding of the seedlings. There was a significant difference in dead fine-root length between control seedlings and seedlings grown in soil infested with P. quercina . Trends were similar for both soil types and isolates, but there was a higher percentage of fine-root die-back and more severe damage on coarse roots in the acid forest soil. No effects on above-ground growth or leaf nutrient concentration between control seedlings and infected seedlings were found. The results confirm the pathogenicity of south-Swedish isolates of P. quercina in acid forest soils under restricted water availability. Stress-induced susceptibility of the seedlings and/or increased aggressiveness of the pathogen in the forest soil are discussed as key factors to explain the difference in root die-back between soil types.
|
|
| 44. |
- Jönsson Belyazid, Ulrika, et al.
(author)
-
Relationships between health of Quercus robur, occurrence of Phytophthora species and site conditions in southern Sweden
- 2005
-
In: Plant Pathology. - : Wiley. - 1365-3059 .- 0032-0862. ; 54:4, s. 502-511
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of Phytophthora species, soil chemistry, precipitation and temperature on the vitality of oak was evaluated in 32 oak stands in southern Sweden. In addition, the relationship between the occurrence of Phytophthora species and soil conditions was determined. The results showed that there was a weak association between the presence of P. quercina, the most frequently recovered Phytophthora species in southern Sweden, and the vitality of the oak stands (determined from estimates of crown defoliation of individual trees). The pathogens occurred more frequently in clayey and loamy soils that were less acidic and which had higher base saturation. However, they were found in all but the most acidic soils (pH < 3.5). In stands where Phytophthora species were not present, positive correlations between the average crown defoliation and proportion of damaged trees with average summer precipitation and average annual precipitation were found. There were no significant differences in soil chemistry between healthy and declining stands included in this study, and no significant correlations were found between any soil parameter and crown vitality. Based on the results from these 32 oak stands, it is likely that the decline of oaks in southern Sweden can be attributed to several different site-specific factors, such as infection by P. quercina or unusual weather events, which interact with a number of biotic and abiotic factors, leading to oak decline.
|
|
| 45. |
- Jönsson, Lars-Eric, et al.
(author)
-
Institution
- 2011
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Institution ger 250 miljoner träffar på sökmotorn Google. I vilka sammanhang används detta slitstarka ord och vilka betydelser bär det på? I den här boken undersöks institutioner som platser, rum och organisationer samt begreppets vetenskapliga utveckling och användning. Institutioner representerar ofta socialt tvång, beständighet över tid och reglering av aktörers handlande.
|
|
| 46. |
- Jönsson, Lena S, et al.
(author)
-
Gene expression in nasal lavage from hairdressers exposed to persulphate.
- 2009
-
In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1246 .- 0340-0131. ; 82, s. 1261-1266
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Many hairdressers experience work-related symptoms from the airways caused by bleaching powder. This contains persulphates, which could be irritating to the mucous membrane and also may evoke an allergic reaction. However, specific IgE antibodies are difficult to detect. We found earlier that hairdressers with work-related bleaching powder-associated nasal symptoms reacted to persulphate, but that atopics also did and that the mechanism appeared to be similar in the two groups. In this study, we analysed gene expression of cytokines in the nose in order to further investigate the mechanism for work-related bleaching powder-associated nasal symptoms. METHODS: The study subjects belonged to either hairdressers with work-related bleaching powder-associated nasal symptoms (S; n = 6), hairdressers without work-related bleaching powder-associated symptoms (WS; n = 7) or atopics (A; n = 6). Nasal lavage was performed before and during (up to 4 h after the last challenge) provocation with potassium persulphate. Expression of two genes involved in allergic inflammation [interleukin 5 (IL5) and IL13] and one involved in cell-mediated immunity (interferon-gamma; IFNG) were analysed in nasal lavage with quantitative PCR. RESULTS: The change of IL5 in the S group differed when compared to the WS group (P = 0.0051), in the A group when compared to the WS group (P = 0.014), but not in the S group when compared to the A group (P = 0.82). The change of IL13 in the A group differed when compared to the S (P = 0.041) and WS (P = 0.014) groups, but no difference was noticed between the S and WS groups (P = 0.30). The relative level of IFNG increased from before challenge to during challenge in the S group (P = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS: Symptomatic hairdressers showed increased expression of IL5 and IFNG, but not IL13, during challenge. Hairdressers without work-related bleaching powder-associated nasal symptoms showed no markedly changed reaction. Atopics showed increased expression of IL5 and IL13. Thus, this may indicate a difference in the mechanism of symptoms between symptomatic hairdressers and atopics. However, due to the low number of participants, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism for persulphate-associated nasal symptoms.
|
|
| 47. |
- Jönsson, Sofia, et al.
(author)
-
BCR-ABL1 transcript levels increase in peripheral blood but not in granulocytes after physical exercise in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.
- 2011
-
In: Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 71:1, s. 7-11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment response is determined by measurements of BCR-AB1L transcripts in peripheral blood by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and a 2-5 fold increase is considered a warning sign. The BCR-ABL1 gene is mainly expressed in myeloid cells whereas quantification of BCR-ABL1 is performed on the nucleated cell fraction of peripheral blood. Hence, leukocyte composition of the nucleated cell fraction may affect the result of BCR-ABL1 quantification. The aim of this study was to investigate if changes in leukocyte composition of peripheral blood had any effect on BCR-ABL1 transcript levels in CML patients. Six CML patients in complete cytogenetic remission (CCgR) performed a maximal physical exercise test. Blood samples were collected before exercise, at maximal exhaustion and after exercise. A biphasic increase in leukocyte count was observed and the relative proportion of granulocytes in peripheral blood changed significantly after exercise compared with baseline (p < 0.001). The BCR-ABL1 transcript level increased significantly following exercise, in nucleated cell fraction of peripheral blood (p < 0.05) but not in isolated granulocytes. In the nucleated cell fraction, the mean BCR-ABL1 transcript level was 3.3-fold (range 0.7-6.8) higher 180 min after exercise compared with baseline (p < 0.01). In conclusion, physical exercise induced significant increases in BCR-ABL1 transcript levels concomitant with changes in leukocyte content of peripheral blood. We therefore suggest that variations in leukocyte composition of peripheral blood, causing pre-analytic variations that affect BCR-ABL1 quantification, have to be accounted for. Consequently, small variations in BCR-ABL1 transcript levels should be interpreted cautiously in CML patients in CCgR.
|
|
| 48. |
- Jönsson, Stewe, et al.
(author)
-
Osseointegration amputation prostheses on the upper limbs: methods, prosthetics and rehabilitation.
- 2011
-
In: Prosthetics and orthotics international. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1746-1553 .- 0309-3646. ; 35:2, s. 190-200
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The osseointegration programme for upper extremity amputation started in Sweden in 1990, when a titanium fixture was first implanted into a thumb. This method has since been used for transhumeral and below-elbow amputation. The treatment involves two surgical procedures. During the first a titanium fixture is surgically attached to the skeleton, and a second procedure six months later involves a skin penetrating abutment to which the prosthesis is attached.
|
|
| 49. |
- Jönsson Videsäter, Kerstin
(author)
-
Expression of multidrug resistance genes and proteins and effect of selenite in anthracycline-resistant human tumor cell lines
- 2004
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Treatment failure due to development of drug resistance is a serious complication in cancer treatment and the major cause of death in these patients. This thesis has focused on to gain knowledge about the mechanisms of multidrug resistance and to establish in vitro methods to characterize the resistant tumor cell phenotype. As a new agent in the context of multidrug resistance, selenite was investigated. The ATP bioluminescence assay was developed for cytotoxicity studies and compared to a differential staining cytotoxicity assay (DiSC) by evaluation of tumor cells from 32 patients with acute myelocytic leukemia. The ATP assay correlated to the DiSC assay (r=0.8). The resistance of the doxorubicin resistant HL-60-R cells correlated with mRNA expression and amplification of the multidrug resistance gene (MDR-1). The MDR-1 gene amplification correlated also to the expression levels of the P-glycoprotein. In the doxorubicin resistant U-1285dox900 cells, the resistance correlated with the MRP1 gene and the protein expression whereas the MDR-1 gene or P-glycoprotein expression was not detectable. The cross-resistance profile in U-1285dox900 or HL-60-R did not include melphalane or CdA implying inability of P-gp and MRP1 to transport these drugs. A low cross-resistance to idarubicin compared to daunorubicin in U-1285dox900 cells was associated with a higher accumulation due to a slower outward transport of idarubicin. A low crossresistance to idarubicin suggests that it could be an effective drug for treatment of leukemias that overexpress MRP1. The resistance modifier verapamil significantly restored the intracellular uptake and enhanced the cytotoxic effect of anthracyclines in both MDR-1 and MRP1 overexpressing sublines, whereas co-incubation of daunorubicin or idarubicin with the gluthatione synthetase inhibitor, buthionine sulphoximine only restored sensitivity in the MRP1 expressing U-1285dox900 cells but not in the MDR-1 expressing HL-60-R sublines. The two doxorubicin-resistant lung carcinoma cell lines U-1285dox900 and GLC4/Adr were 3- and 4-fold respectively more sensitive to selenite toxicity than wild type cells. Necrosis was seen in the U-1285 after exposure to high selenite concentrations. Lower selenite concentrations induced massive apoptosis in the doxorubicin resistant-U-1285dox900 cells. The apoptosis was caspase-3 independent. Selenite exposure did not significantly affect the expression of the multi-drug resistant proteins. The activity of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) was higher (50 and 25% respectively) in the drug-resistant U-1285dox900 and GLC4/Adr cell lines compared to wild type cells and was upon selenite exposure increased only 30% in drugresistant compared to a 4-fold increase in sensitive U-1285 cells. The activity of glutathione reductase increased 4-fold after selenite exposure of the U-1285 cells, but did not increase in the drug-resistant subline. Analysis of TrxR enzymatic activities and protein levels in these cells revealed a co-augmentation with selenite concentration. Maximum increase of TrxR was seen up to 1 µM in both sublines. A break point was noted at 10 µM selenite were the sensitive cells could increase the activity of TrxR whereas the doxorubicin-resistant U- 1285dox900 cells decreased their TrxR activity. Our results demonstrate pronounced selective selenium-mediated apoptosis in therapy-resistant cells and suggest that redox regulation through the thioredoxin system can be a target for cancer therapy.
|
|
| 50. |
- Jönsson-Videsäter, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
-
Selenite-induced apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant cells and effects on the thioredoxin system.
- 2004
-
In: Biochemical Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-2952. ; 67:3, s. 513-522
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Selenium treatment of the doxorubicin-resistant cell line, U-1285dox, derived from human small cell carcinoma of the lung, resulted in massive apoptosis. This effect appeared maximal at 2 days after addition of selenite. The apoptosis was caspase-3 independent as revealed by Western blot analysis, activity measurement and by using caspase inhibitors. Induction of apoptosis was significantly more pronounced and occurred after addition of lower concentrations of selenite in the doxorubicin-resistant cells compared to the parental doxorubicin-sensitive cells. High levels of selenite caused necrosis in the doxorubicin-sensitive cells. Analysis of enzymatic activity (insulin reduction) of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and TrxR protein concentration, measured by ELISA, revealed increasing activity and protein levels after treatment with increasing concentrations of selenium. Maximum relative increase was induced up to 1 μM in both sublines and at this selenium level the concentrations of TrxR measured as insulin reducing activity or ELISA immunoreactivity were nearly identical. Increasing concentrations of selenite up to 10 μM resulted in increased activity and concentration of TrxR in the sensitive subline but decreasing levels in the resistant subline. The level of truncated Trx (tTrx) was higher in the resistant U-1285dox cells but the level did not change with increasing selenite concentrations. Our results demonstrate pronounced selective selenium-mediated apoptosis in therapy-resistant cells and suggest that redox regulation through the thioredoxin system is an important target for cancer therapy.
|
|
