SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Extended search

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Jansson Jan Håkan) "

Search: WFRF:(Jansson Jan Håkan)

  • Result 1-50 of 162
Sort/group result
   
EnumerationReferenceCoverFind
1.
  • Hernestål-Boman, Jenny, et al. (author)
  • Signs of dysregulated fibrinolysis precede the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a population-based study
  • 2012
  • In: Cardiovascular Diabetology. - : BioMed Central. - 1475-2840. ; 11, s. 152-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Diabetic patients experience stimulated coagulation and dysfibrinolysis, which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. This imbalance may precede the manifest diagnosis. We investigated whether elevated antigen levels of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), the tPA/PAI-1 complex, or von Willebrand Factor (VWF) precede type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diagnosis, and whether this elevation occurs before increased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG) in individuals who later develop T2DM.Methods: We conducted a prospective incident case-referent study within the Vasterbotten Intervention Programme. Cardiovascular risk factor data as well as FPG and 2hPG and blood samples for future research were collected at a baseline health examination between 1989 and 2000, (n= 28 736). During follow-up in January 2001, 157 cases had developed T2DM. Referents without T2DM were matched for sex, age, and year of participation (n=277). Subgroup analysis was performed for cases with normal baseline glucose levels (FPG <6.1 mmol/L and 2hPG < 8.9 mmol/L) and cases with elevated levels (FPG 6.1-6.9 mmol/L and/or 2hPG 8.9-12.1 mmol/L).Results: After adjusting for BMI, family history of diabetes, physical activity, smoking, systolic blood pressure and levels of C-reactive protein and triglycerides, independent associations were found between incident T2DM and elevated levels of tPA (OR=1.54, 95% CI 1.06-2.23), PAI-1 (OR=1.61, 95% CI 1.14-2.28), and tPA/PAI-1 complex (OR=2.45, 95% CI 1.56-3.84). In participants with normal glucose levels, PAI-1 (OR=2.06, 95% CI 1.10 - 3.86) exhibited an independent relationship with incident T2DM after the adjustments.Conclusions: Elevated levels of fibrinolytic variables precede the manifestation of T2DM after adjusting for metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors and can be detected several years before changes in glucose tolerance.
  •  
2.
  • Jansson, Jan-Håkan, et al. (author)
  • Snus (Swedish smokeless tobacco) use and risk of stroke: pooled analyses of incidence and survival
  • 2014
  • In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 276:1, s. 87-95
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background. Snus is a moist smokeless tobacco product with high nicotine content. Its use has a short-term effect on the cardiovascular system, but the relationship between snus use and stroke is unclear. Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between use of snus and incidence of and survival after stroke, both overall and according to subtypes. Methods. Pooled analyses of eight Swedish prospective cohort studies were conducted, including 130 485 men who never smoked. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incidence and death after diagnosis using Cox proportional hazard regression models and case fatality and survival using logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier methods, respectively. Results. No associations were observed between the use of snus and the risk of overall stroke (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.92-1.17) or of any of the stroke subtypes. The odds ratio (OR) of 28-day case fatality was 1.42 (95% CI 0.99-2.04) amongst users of snus who had experienced a stroke, and the HR of death during the follow-up period was 1.32 (95% CI 1.08-1.61). Conclusion. Use of snus was not associated with the risk of stroke. Hence, nicotine is unlikely to contribute importantly to the pathophysiology of stroke. However, case fatality was increased in snus users, compared with nonusers, but further studies are needed to determine any possible causal mechanisms.
  •  
3.
  • Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al. (author)
  • Weight gain and blood pressure
  • 2020
  • In: Journal of Hypertension. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0263-6352 .- 1473-5598. ; 38:3, s. 387-394
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: Although the causality of the obesity—hypertension association is established, the potential for prevention is not. We hypothesized that weight gain between early adulthood and mid-life is associated with higher mid-life blood pressure.METHODS: We investigated the hypothesis using a large contemporaneous population-based mid-life cohort of men and women aged 50-64 years. Recalled body weight at age 20 years was self-reported, and mid-life body weight and office blood pressures were measured in accordance with a detailed protocol.RESULTS: On average, men had gained 14.9 (95% CI 14.6-15.2) kg of weight, and women 14.6 (95% CI 14.4-14.9) kg, between age 20 years and the mid-life examination, corresponding to 0.40 (95% CI 0.39-0.41) kg/year for men and women. Both weight at age 20 years and weight at the mid-life examination were associated with mid-life blood pressures. On average, a 10 kg weight increase between age 20 years and mid-life was associated with 2.2 (95% CI 0.9-3.5) mmHg higher systolic and 1.7 (95% CI 0.9-2.5) mmHg higher diastolic mid-life blood pressure in men, and 3.2 (2.5-4.0) mmHg higher systolic and 2.4 (1.9-2.9) mmHg higher diastolic mid-life blood pressure in women. Mid-life weight was more closely associated than weight at age 20 years with mid-life blood pressure. For a given mid-life weight, blood pressure was higher in persons with higher weight gain from age 20 years.CONCLUSION: In sum, weight gain between early adulthood and mid-life was associated with higher mid-life blood pressure. The magnitude of the association indicates a potentially great public health impact of strategies to prevent weight gain throughout adulthood.
  •  
4.
  •  
5.
  • Ahlberg, Erik, et al. (author)
  • "Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
  • 2019
  • In: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
  • Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
    • DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
  •  
6.
  • Andersson, Jonas, et al. (author)
  • Diabetes mellitus, high BMI and low education level predict sudden cardiac death within 24 hours of incident myocardial infarction
  • 2016
  • In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 23:17, s. 1814-1820
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: More than half of cardiovascular mortality occurs outside the hospital, mainly due to consistently low survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.METHODS: This is a prospective, nested, case-control study derived from the Västerbotten Intervention Programme and the World Health Organization's Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease study in northern Sweden (1986-2006). To determine predictors for sudden cardiac death risk factors for cardiovascular disease were compared between incident myocardial infarction with sudden cardiac death (n = 363) and survivors of incident myocardial infarction (n = 1998) using multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: Diabetes had the strongest association with sudden cardiac death out of all evaluated risk factors (odds ratio (OR) 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30-2.59), followed by low education (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.19-2.01), high body mass index (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08) and male sex (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.001-2.01).CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of risk factors for incident myocardial infarction is different among survivors and those who die within 24 hours. The risk factors that contribute the most to death within 24 hours are diabetes mellitus, high body mass index and low education level, and can be addressed at both the public health level and by general practitioners.
  •  
7.
  • Andersson, Jonas, 1977-, et al. (author)
  • Effect of intensive lifestyle intervention on C-reactive protein in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and obesity : results from a randomized controlled trial with 5-year follow-up
  • 2008
  • In: Biomarkers: biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-5804. ; 13:7, s. 671-679
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. To study the effects of lifestyle on CRP in a high-risk population we conducted a randomized controlled trial on 200 obese subjects (BMI > 27 kg m(-2)) with impaired glucose tolerance recruited from primary care settings. They were randomized to either a 1-month stay at a wellness centre focusing on diet, exercise and stress management (intervention group) or 30-60 min of oral and written information on lifestyle intervention (control group). A significant reduction of CRP was observed after 1 month and 1 year in the intervention group. They reduced their CRP levels more than the control group 1 year after intervention (p=0.004). In conclusion lifestyle intervention can decrease CRP in obese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance for up to 1 year. Further research is needed to evaluate whether the CRP level reduction translates into a decreased risk for cardiovascular morbidity.
  •  
8.
  • Andersson, Jonas, 1977-, et al. (author)
  • Effects of heavy endurance physical exercise on inflammatory markers in non-athletes
  • 2010
  • In: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 209:2, s. 601-605
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: Physical activity has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease but the mechanisms are still somewhat unclear. One possible pathway may be through the anti-inflammatory effects attributed to regular physical activity. Our primary aim was to study the effects of endurance physical exercise on C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFalpha) during the acute and recovery phases. Secondarily, we studied the impact of diet on these inflammatory markers.METHODS: Twenty men, aged 18-55 years, participated in a 14 days cross-country skiing tour. They traveled 12-30km per day corresponding to about 10h of heavy physical activity. The participants were randomized to a diet with either 30 or 40% of energy derived from fat. Inflammatory variables were analysed at week 0, after 1 and 2 weeks and during the recovery phase at week 6 and 8.RESULTS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly during the two weeks of exercise (1.4-5.0mg/l, p=0.00 and 6.8-8.4pg/ml, p=0.00). CRP levels were significantly lower during recovery (median 0.7mg/l) compared to baseline (median 1.4mg/l) and did not correlate to metabolic variables. There were no significant changes in IL-6 levels during the study period. For dietary groups significant CRP changes were observed only in the high fat group during recovery.CONCLUSIONS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly but reacted differently during heavy physical activity while there seemed to be no significant changes in IL-6. No significant differences regarding inflammatory variables were found between the dietary groups.
  •  
9.
  • Andersson, Jonas, et al. (author)
  • GDF-15 is associated with sudden cardiac death due to incident myocardial infarction
  • 2020
  • In: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 152, s. 165-169
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Aims: Preventing sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to acute myocardial infarction (MI) in previously healthy patients is challenging. Proteomic analysis may lead to an understanding of biological mechanisms and provide predictive biomarkers.Methods: In this prospective, nested case-control study from northern Sweden, 87 candidate cardiovascular protein biomarkers were studied in 244 individuals who later died within 24 h from an incident MI and 244 referents without MI and individually matched for age, sex and date of health examination and alive at the date of event in the index person. Association analysis was conducted using conditional logistic regression. Bonferroni correction was applied to avoid false positive findings.Results: Ten proteins were associated with future SCD due to acute MI in the non-adjusted analysis. The strongest association were found for growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41, 2.25) per standard deviation increase in protein, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor with an OR of 1.66 (95% CI 1.34, 2.06). In models adjusted for lipid levels, body mass index, education, smoking, hypertension and C-reactive protein, only association with GDF-15 remained (OR 1.47 (95% 1.11, 1.95)).Conclusion: Elevated levels of GDF-15 are associated with increased risk of SCD within 24 h of incident MI. Further research may enable the use of GDF-15 together with other clinical and biological markers to guide primary preventive interventions for individuals at high risk for SCD.
  •  
10.
  • Andersson, Jonas, 1977- (author)
  • Inflammation and lifestyle in cardiovascular medicine
  • 2010
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Despite major advances in the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis the last several decades, cardiovascular disease still accounts for the majority of deaths in Sweden. With the population getting older, more obese and with rising numbers of diabetics, the cardiovascular disease burden may increase further in the future. The focus in cardiovascular disease has shifted with time from calcification and narrowing of arteries to the biological processes within the atherosclerotic plaque. C-reactive protein (CRP) has emerged as one of many proteins that reflect a low grade systemic inflammation and is suitable for analysis as it is more stable and easily measured than most other inflammatory markers. Several large prospective studies have shown that CRP is not only an inflammatory marker, but even a predictive marker for cardiovascular disease. C-reactive protein is associated with several other risk factors for cardiovascular disease including obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Our study of twenty healthy men during a two week endurance cross country skiing tour demonstrated a decline in already low baseline CRP levels immediately after the tour and six weeks later. In a study of 200 obese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance randomised to a counselling session at their health care centre or a one month stay at a wellness centre, we found decreased levels of CRP in subjects admitted to the wellness centre. The effect remained at one, but not after three years of follow-up. In a prospective, nested, case-referent study with 308 ischemic strokes, 61 intracerebral haemorrhages and 735 matched referents, CRP was associated with ischemic stroke in both uni- and multivariate analyses. No association was found with intracerebral haemorrhages. When classifying ischemic stroke according to TOAST criteria, CRP was associated with small vessel disease. The CRP 1444 (CC/CT vs. TT) polymorphism was associated with plasma levels of CRP, but neither with ischemic stroke nor with intracerebral haemorrhage. A study on 129 patients with atrial fibrillation was used to evaluate whether inflammation sensitive fibrinolytic variables adjusted for CRP could predict recurrence of atrial fibrillation after electrical cardioversion. In multivariate iv models, lower PAI-1 mass was associated with sinus rhythm even after adjusting for CRP and markers of the metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, lifestyle intervention can be used to reduce CRP levels, but it remains a challenge to maintain this effect. CRP is a marker of ischemic stroke, but there are no significant associations between the CRP1444 polymorphism and any stroke subtype, suggesting that the CRP relationship with ischemic stroke is not causal. The fibrinolytic variable, PAI-1, is associated with the risk of recurrence of atrial fibrillation after electrical cardioversion after adjustment for CRP. Our findings suggest a pathophysiological link between atrial fibrillation and PAI-1, but the relation to inflammation remains unclear.
  •  
11.
  • Ashar, Foram N., et al. (author)
  • A comprehensive evaluation of the genetic architecture of sudden cardiac arrest
  • 2018
  • In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 39:44, s. 3961-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Aims: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) accounts for 10% of adult mortality in Western populations. We aim to identify potential loci associated with SCA and to identify risk factors causally associated with SCA.Methods and results: We carried out a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) for SCA (n = 3939 cases, 25 989 non-cases) to examine common variation genome-wide and in candidate arrhythmia genes. We also exploited Mendelian randomization (MR) methods using cross-trait multi-variant genetic risk score associations (GRSA) to assess causal relationships of 18 risk factors with SCA. No variants were associated with SCA at genome-wide significance, nor were common variants in candidate arrhythmia genes associated with SCA at nominal significance. Using cross-trait GRSA, we established genetic correlation between SCA and (i) coronary artery disease (CAD) and traditional CAD risk factors (blood pressure, lipids, and diabetes), (ii) height and BMI, and (iii) electrical instability traits (QT and atrial fibrillation), suggesting aetiologic roles for these traits in SCA risk.Conclusions: Our findings show that a comprehensive approach to the genetic architecture of SCA can shed light on the determinants of a complex life-threatening condition with multiple influencing factors in the general population. The results of this genetic analysis, both positive and negative findings, have implications for evaluating the genetic architecture of patients with a family history of SCA, and for efforts to prevent SCA in high-risk populations and the general community.
  •  
12.
  •  
13.
  • Boman, Kurt, et al. (author)
  • Effects of carvedilol or metoprolol on PAI-1, tPA-mass concentration or Von Willebrand factor in chronic heart failure--a COMET substudy.
  • 2010
  • In: Thrombosis Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0049-3848 .- 1879-2472. ; 125:2, s. e46-50
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: In COMET (Carvedilol or Metoprolol European Trial), carvedilol reduced mortality compared with metoprolol in patients with chronic heart failure. We hypothesized that carvedilol might have greater effects on endothelial derived haemostatic factors than metoprolol. We aimed to study the effects of carvedilol or metoprolol on tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), its inhibitor PAI-1 and Von Willebrand factor (VWF) in patients with heart failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We recruited 260 patients (134 on carvedilol, 126 on metoprolol), mean age 66 years and 84% of them men. Plasma mass concentrations of tPA and PAI-1and percent of VWF were measured at baseline and after one and two years of treatment. RESULTS: Plasma tPA, PAI-1 and VWF were similar between treatment groups at baseline and no significant differences between groups emerged after one or two years of treatment. In paired analyses in patients assigned to carvedilol, median PAI-1 level decreased from 37.2 to 32.1 microg/l at two years (p=0.034) and of VWF decreased from baseline to one year (240 vs. 218%, p=0.023) in patients assigned to carvedilol but were not reduced at any time in patients assigned to metoprolol. Plasma tPA increased over time in both treatment groups (p=0.013 and 0.027 respectively). CONCLUSION: We found no significant difference in the effects of carvedilol or metoprolol on tPA, PAI-1 and VWF. Comparison over time within treatment groups suggested that PAI-1 and VWF might have declined on carvedilol but not on metoprolol. Our hypothesis is not proved but this may reflect an inadequate sample size rather than lack of an effect.
  •  
14.
  • Burgess, S., et al. (author)
  • Bayesian methods for meta-analysis of causal relationships estimated using genetic instrumental variables
  • 2010
  • In: Statistics in medicine. - : Wiley. - 1097-0258 .- 0277-6715. ; 29:12, s. 1298-311
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Genetic markers can be used as instrumental variables, in an analogous way to randomization in a clinical trial, to estimate the causal relationship between a phenotype and an outcome variable. Our purpose is to extend the existing methods for such Mendelian randomization studies to the context of multiple genetic markers measured in multiple studies, based on the analysis of individual participant data. First, for a single genetic marker in one study, we show that the usual ratio of coefficients approach can be reformulated as a regression with heterogeneous error in the explanatory variable. This can be implemented using a Bayesian approach, which is next extended to include multiple genetic markers. We then propose a hierarchical model for undertaking a meta-analysis of multiple studies, in which it is not necessary that the same genetic markers are measured in each study. This provides an overall estimate of the causal relationship between the phenotype and the outcome, and an assessment of its heterogeneity across studies. As an example, we estimate the causal relationship of blood concentrations of C-reactive protein on fibrinogen levels using data from 11 studies. These methods provide a flexible framework for efficient estimation of causal relationships derived from multiple studies. Issues discussed include weak instrument bias, analysis of binary outcome data such as disease risk, missing genetic data, and the use of haplotypes.
  •  
15.
  • Byhamre, Marja Lisa, 1981- (author)
  • Snus use and mortality : associations, potential mechanisms, and socioeconomic aspects
  • 2022
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Snus is a smokeless tobacco product made of a moist powder of ground tobacco. It is used mainly in the Nordic countries, although increasingly popular internationally. The Swedish snus tradition dates back to the seventeenth century, and it is now used daily by about 23% of the male and 6% of the female population. Snus contains high levels of nicotine as well as carcinogenic substances and microorganisms that could potentially cause adverse health effects. The physiological effects of snus use include acutely raised blood pressure and heart rate, and increased cardiac oxygen demand, while the psychological response results in alertness and anxiety reduction. The high nicotine content causes rapid onset of addiction. Previous research on snus use and health is largely inconclusive, but indicates increased risks of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality. This thesis aimed to further investigate the health effects of snus use, with a focus on mortality, potential underlying mechanisms, and the impact of socioeconomic factors. Four original papers form the base of this thesis. The first study was performed on a pooled dataset of eight Swedish cohorts (The Swedish Collaboration on Health Effects of Snus use), including over 169 000 men. We found an increased risk of all-cause (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.20; 1.35), cardiovascular, and other cause mortality, and indications of raised cancer mortality. The second study was set within an interventional program in northern Sweden (Västerbotten Intervention Programme) and included 46 000 men and women. It showed increased mortality overall (estimates similar to first study), from cardiovascular diseases, and external causes (e.g., accidents and suicide) that remained after controlling for socioeconomic status. We found these associations in groups of varying socioeconomic background (e.g., both basic education and high-income groups), suggesting that increased mortality risks among snus users are not restricted to certain socioeconomic groups. Studies three and four investigated potential underlying mechanisms that might contribute to increased mortality among snus users, including established cardiometabolic risk factors in study three (the metabolic syndrome and its components: obesity, hypertension, type 2-diabetes and abnormal blood lipids) and more novel risk factors in study four (low-grade inflammation, low vitamin D-concentrations, and altered iii testosterone levels). The analytical samples were drawn from a long- term follow-up study of around 900 16-year-olds in a municipality in northern Sweden (Northern Sweden Cohort, study three) and more than 6 000 participants in another population-based cohort (the Northern Sweden MONICA study, study four). We found no associations between snus use and established cardiometabolic risk factors, but there was evidence of lower concentrations of inflammatory and vitamin D-status biomarkers in both men and women, and higher testosterone concentrations in men who were currently using snus. We conclude that snus use is associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and to death by other causes, that may be restricted to external causes. Cancer mortality may also be increased among snus users. The associations cannot be fully explained by differences in socioeconomic status among snus users and non-users. Established cardiometabolic risk factors do not seem to be the main mechanisms behind these associations. Lower inflammatory biomarker levels among snus users may serve as a protective factor, while lower vitamin D-concentrations and increased testosterone levels may be part of an underlying mechanism linking snus use to increased mortality. Future research should focus on the health consequences of snus use among women, on other possible links between snus use and death, and on mortality in different cancers among users of snus. The health consequences of dual use of snus and cigarettes should also be assessed. 
  •  
16.
  • Byhamre, Marja Lisa, et al. (author)
  • Snus use during the life-course and risk of the metabolic syndrome and its components
  • 2017
  • In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 45:8, s. 733-740
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between life-course exposure to snus and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its components in adulthood.Design and method: Tobacco habits at baseline (age 16) and three follow-ups (ages 21, 30 and 43) were assessed among 880 participants in a population-based cohort in Northern Sweden. Presence of the metabolic syndrome at age 43 was ascertained using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Odds ratios and CIs for risk of the metabolic syndrome and its components by snus use at 16, 21, 30 and 43 years were calculated using logistic regression. Cumulative snus use was defined as number of life periods (1-4) with current snus use.Results: At age 43, 164 participants (18.6%) were current snus users. We found no association between exclusive snus use at the ages of 16, 21, 30 and 43 years and the metabolic syndrome at age 43 years. Snus use (among non-smokers) was associated with raised triglycerides and high blood pressure in crude analysis, but not in multivariable models. There was no association between cumulative snus use and risk of the metabolic syndrome. Cumulative snus use was associated with central obesity, raised triglycerides and impaired fasting glucose/diabetes mellitus type 2 in crude analyses, but not after adjustments.Conclusion: The health consequences of snus exposure from adolescence to mid-adulthood do not seem to include increased risk of the metabolic syndrome or its components. The cardio-metabolic risk of dual exposure to snus and cigarettes may warrant further attention.
  •  
17.
  • Byhamre, Marja Lisa, et al. (author)
  • Swedish snus use is associated with mortality : a pooled analysis of eight prospective studies
  • 2020
  • In: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 49:6, s. 2041-2050
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: The health consequences of the use of Swedish snus, including its relationship with mortality, have not been fully established. We investigated the relationship between snus use and all-cause and cause-specific mortality (death due to cardiovascular diseases, cancer diseases and all other reasons, respectively) in a nationwide collaborative pooling project.METHODS: We followed 169 103 never-smoking men from eight Swedish cohort studies, recruited in 1978-2010. Shared frailty models with random effects at the study level were used in order to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of mortality associated with snus use.RESULTS: Exclusive current snus users had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.20-1.35), cardiovascular mortality (aHR 1.27, 95% CI 1.15-1.41) and other cause mortality (aHR 1.37, 95% CI 1.24-1.52) compared with never-users of tobacco. The risk of cancer mortality was also increased (aHR 1.12, 95% CI 1.00-1.26). These mortality risks increased with duration of snus use, but not with weekly amount.CONCLUSIONS: Snus use among men is associated with increased all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, with death from other causes and possibly with increased cancer mortality.
  •  
18.
  • Carlsson, Axel C, et al. (author)
  • Levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and 2, gender, and risk of myocardial infarction in Northern Sweden
  • 2018
  • In: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 272, s. 41-46
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor alpha (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) have been associated with cardiovascular diseases, and some evidence points towards a difference in associated risk between men and women. We aimed to study the association between sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 and incident myocardial infarctions (MI) and to explore the influence of established cardiovascular risk factors in men and women.METHODS: We conducted a nested case control study in three large Swedish cohorts, including 533 myocardial infarction cases, and 1003 age-, sex- and cohort-matched controls. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.RESULTS: An association between circulating sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 and an increased risk for MI was found when comparing cases and controls. The odds ratios were significant after adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors and C-reactive protein in women (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.08-1.93 for TNFR1, and 1.61, 95% CI 1.11-2.34 for TNFR2), but was abolished in men. Women with a combination of elevated CRP and values in the upper quartile of TNFR1 or TNFR2 had a 5-fold higher risk of myocardial infarction versus those with normal CRP and values in the lower three quartiles of TNFR1 or TNFR2.CONCLUSIONS: As the risk estimates for TNFR1 and TNFR2 were higher and remained significant after adjustments for established cardiovascular risk factors in women but not in men, a potential role for TNFR1 and TNFR2 in identifying women with a higher MI risk is possible. The future clinical role of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in combination with CRP to identify high risk patients for coronary heart disease has yet to be determined.
  •  
19.
  • Carrasquilla, Germán D, et al. (author)
  • Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of stroke : A pooled analysis of data from population-based cohort studies.
  • 2017
  • In: PLoS Medicine. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1549-1277 .- 1549-1676. ; 14:11
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Recent research indicates a favourable influence of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) if initiated early, but not late, on subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the clinical relevance of timing of HT initiation for hard end points such as stroke remains to be determined. Further, no previous research has considered the timing of initiation of HT in relation to haemorrhagic stroke risk. The importance of the route of administration, type, active ingredient, and duration of HT for stroke risk is also unclear. We aimed to assess the association between HT and risk of stroke, considering the timing of initiation, route of administration, type, active ingredient, and duration of HT.METHODS AND FINDINGS: Data on HT use reported by the participants in 5 population-based Swedish cohort studies, with baseline investigations performed during the period 1987-2002, were combined in this observational study. In total, 88,914 postmenopausal women who reported data on HT use and had no previous cardiovascular disease diagnosis were included. Incident events of stroke (ischaemic, haemorrhagic, or unspecified) and haemorrhagic stroke were identified from national population registers. Laplace regression was employed to assess crude and multivariable-adjusted associations between HT and stroke risk by estimating percentile differences (PDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The fifth and first PDs were calculated for stroke and haemorrhagic stroke, respectively. Crude models were adjusted for age at baseline only. The final adjusted models included age at baseline, level of education, smoking status, body mass index, level of physical activity, and age at menopause onset. Additional variables evaluated for potential confounding were type of menopause, parity, use of oral contraceptives, alcohol consumption, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, family history of cardiovascular disease, and cohort. During a median follow-up of 14.3 years, 6,371 first-time stroke events were recorded; of these, 1,080 were haemorrhagic. Following multivariable adjustment, early initiation (<5 years since menopause onset) of HT was associated with a longer stroke-free period than never use (fifth PD, 1.00 years; 95% CI 0.42 to 1.57), but there was no significant extension to the time period free of haemorrhagic stroke (first PD, 1.52 years; 95% CI -0.32 to 3.37). When considering timing as a continuous variable, the stroke-free and the haemorrhagic stroke-free periods were maximal if HT was initiated approximately 0-5 years from the onset of menopause. If single conjugated equine oestrogen HT was used, late initiation of HT was associated with a shorter stroke-free (fifth PD, -4.41 years; 95% CI -7.14 to -1.68) and haemorrhagic stroke-free (first PD, -9.51 years; 95% CI -12.77 to -6.24) period than never use. Combined HT when initiated late was significantly associated with a shorter haemorrhagic stroke-free period (first PD, -1.97 years; 95% CI -3.81 to -0.13), but not with a shorter stroke-free period (fifth PD, -1.21 years; 95% CI -3.11 to 0.68) than never use. Given the observational nature of this study, the possibility of uncontrolled confounding cannot be excluded. Further, immortal time bias, also related to the observational design, cannot be ruled out.CONCLUSIONS: When initiated early in relation to menopause onset, HT was not associated with increased risk of incident stroke, regardless of the route of administration, type of HT, active ingredient, and duration. Generally, these findings held also for haemorrhagic stroke. Our results suggest that the initiation of HT 0-5 years after menopause onset, as compared to never use, is associated with a decreased risk of stroke and haemorrhagic stroke. Late initiation was associated with elevated risks of stroke and haemorrhagic stroke when conjugated equine oestrogen was used as single therapy. Late initiation of combined HT was associated with haemorrhagic stroke risk.
  •  
20.
  •  
21.
  • Chorell, Elin, 1981-, et al. (author)
  • Lysophospholipids as Predictive Markers of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)
  • 2021
  • In: Metabolites. - : MDPI. - 2218-1989 .- 2218-1989. ; 11:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The present study explored patterns of circulating metabolites and proteins that can predict future risk for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). We conducted a prospective nested case-control study in northern Sweden in individuals who developed STEMI (N = 50) and NSTEMI (N = 50) within 5 years and individually matched controls (N = 100). Fasted plasma samples were subjected to multiplatform mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and multiplex protein analyses. Multivariate analyses were used to elucidate infarction-specific metabolite and protein risk profiles associated with future incident STEMI and NSTEMI. We found that altered lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) ratio predicted STEMI and NSTEMI events in different ways. In STEMI, lysophospholipids (mainly LPEs) were lower, whereas in NSTEMI, lysophospholipids (mainly LPEs) were higher. We found a similar response for all detected lysophospholipids but significant alterations only for those containing linoleic acid (C18:2, p < 0.05). Patients with STEMI had higher secretoglobin family 3A member 2 and tartrate-resistant acid phosphate type 5 and lower platelet-derived growth factor subunit A, which are proteins associated with atherosclerosis severity and plaque development mediated via altered phospholipid metabolism. In contrast, patients with NSTEMI had higher levels of proteins associated with inflammation and macrophage activation, including interleukin 6, C-reactive protein, chemerin, and cathepsin X and D. The STEMI risk marker profile includes factors closely related to the development of unstable plaque, including a higher LPC:LPE ratio, whereas NSTEMI is characterized by a lower LPC:LPE ratio and increased inflammation.
  •  
22.
  •  
23.
  • Crosby, Jacy, et al. (author)
  • Loss-of-Function Mutations in APOC3, Triglycerides, and Coronary Disease
  • 2014
  • In: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 371:1, s. 22-31
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background Plasma triglyceride levels are heritable and are correlated with the risk of coronary heart disease. Sequencing of the protein-coding regions of the human genome (the exome) has the potential to identify rare mutations that have a large effect on phenotype. Methods We sequenced the protein-coding regions of 18,666 genes in each of 3734 participants of European or African ancestry in the Exome Sequencing Project. We conducted tests to determine whether rare mutations in coding sequence, individually or in aggregate within a gene, were associated with plasma triglyceride levels. For mutations associated with triglyceride levels, we subsequently evaluated their association with the risk of coronary heart disease in 110,970 persons. Results An aggregate of rare mutations in the gene encoding apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) was associated with lower plasma triglyceride levels. Among the four mutations that drove this result, three were loss-of-function mutations: a nonsense mutation (R19X) and two splice-site mutations (IVS2+1G -> A and IVS3+1G -> T). The fourth was a missense mutation (A43T). Approximately 1 in 150 persons in the study was a heterozygous carrier of at least one of these four mutations. Triglyceride levels in the carriers were 39% lower than levels in noncarriers (P<1x10(-20)), and circulating levels of APOC3 in carriers were 46% lower than levels in noncarriers (P = 8x10(-10)). The risk of coronary heart disease among 498 carriers of any rare APOC3 mutation was 40% lower than the risk among 110,472 noncarriers (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.47 to 0.75; P = 4x10(-6)). Conclusions Rare mutations that disrupt APOC3 function were associated with lower levels of plasma triglycerides and APOC3. Carriers of these mutations were found to have a reduced risk of coronary heart disease. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others.)
  •  
24.
  • Crowe, Francesca L, et al. (author)
  • Fruit and vegetable intake and mortality from ischaemic heart disease : results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Heart study.
  • 2011
  • In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 32:10, s. 1235-1243
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • AIMS: A higher intake of fruits and vegetables has been associated with a lower risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), but there is some uncertainty about the interpretation of this association. The objective was to assess the relation between fruit and vegetable intake and risk of mortality from IHD in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Heart study. METHODS AND RESULTS: After an average of 8.4 years of follow-up, there were 1636 deaths from IHD among 313 074 men and women without previous myocardial infarction or stroke from eight European countries. Participants consuming at least eight portions (80 g each) of fruits and vegetables a day had a 22% lower risk of fatal IHD [relative risk (RR) = 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65-0.95] compared with those consuming fewer than three portions a day. After calibration of fruit and vegetable intake to account for differences in dietary assessment between the participating centres, a one portion (80 g) increment in fruit and vegetable intake was associated with a 4% lower risk of fatal IHD (RR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92-1.00, P for trend = 0.033). CONCLUSION: Results from this large observational study suggest that a higher intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of IHD mortality. Whether this association is causal and, if so, the biological mechanism(s) by which fruits and vegetables operate to lower IHD risks remains unclear.
  •  
25.
  •  
26.
  • Del Gobbo, Liana C., et al. (author)
  • omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Coronary Heart Disease Pooling Project of 19 Cohort Studies
  • 2016
  • In: JAMA Internal Medicine. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6106 .- 2168-6114. ; 176:8, s. 1155-1166
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • IMPORTANCE The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) remains controversial. Most prior longitudinal studies evaluated self-reported consumption rather than biomarkers. OBJECTIVE To evaluate biomarkers of seafood-derived eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20: 5 omega-3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 22: 5 omega-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22: 6 omega-3) and plant-derived alpha-linolenic acid (ALA; 18: 3 omega-3) for incident CHD. DATA SOURCES A global consortium of 19 studies identified by November 2014. STUDY SELECTION Available prospective (cohort, nested case-control) or retrospective studies with circulating or tissue omega-3 biomarkers and ascertained CHD. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Each study conducted standardized, individual-level analysis using harmonized models, exposures, outcomes, and covariates. Findings were centrally pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was examined by age, sex, race, diabetes, statins, aspirin, omega-6 levels, and FADS desaturase genes. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident total CHD, fatal CHD, and nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI). RESULTS The 19 studies comprised 16 countries, 45 637 unique individuals, and 7973 total CHD, 2781 fatal CHD, and 7157 nonfatal MI events, with omega-3 measures in total plasma, phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and adipose tissue. Median age at baseline was 59 years (range, 18-97 years), and 28 660 (62.8%) were male. In continuous (per 1-SD increase) multivariable-adjusted analyses, the omega-3 biomarkers ALA, DPA, and DHA were associated with a lower risk of fatal CHD, with relative risks (RRs) of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84-0.98) for ALA, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.96) for DPA, and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.84-0.96) for DHA. Although DPA was associated with a lower risk of total CHD (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.99), ALA (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.95-1.05), EPA (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.87-1.02), and DHA (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-1.00) were not. Significant associations with nonfatal MI were not evident. Associations appeared generally stronger in phospholipids and total plasma. Restricted cubic splines did not identify evidence of nonlinearity in dose responses. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE On the basis of available studies of free-living populations globally, biomarker concentrations of seafood and plant-derived omega-3 fatty acids are associated with a modestly lower incidence of fatal CHD.
  •  
27.
  • Ekblom, Kim, 1970-, et al. (author)
  • Iron stores and HFE genotypes are not related to increased risk of first-time myocardial infarction : a prospective nested case-referent study
  • 2011
  • In: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 150:2, s. 169-172
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Objectives: Our objectives were to study the relationship between iron stores, HFE genotypes and the risk for first-ever myocardial infarction. Methods: First-ever myocardial infarction cases (n=618) and double matched referents from the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort Study were studied in a prospective nested case-referent setting. Plasma iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin iron saturation and ferritin were analyzed, as well as several confounders. HFE C282Y and H63D genotypes were determined. Results: There was an inverse risk association for myocardial infarction in the highest quartiles of iron (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.48-0.96) and transferrin iron saturation (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.42-0.89) in men. This association, however, was lost after adjusting for C-reactive protein. Women homozygous for H63D had a higher risk for myocardial infarction. Conclusions: No risk association between high iron stores and first-ever myocardial infarction was found. The higher risk in female H63D homozygotes is probably not related to iron metabolism.
  •  
28.
  • Ekblom, Kim, 1970-, et al. (author)
  • Plasma Bilirubin and UGT1A1*28 Are Not Protective Factors Against First-Time Myocardial Infarction in a Prospective, Nested Case–Referent Setting
  • 2010
  • In: Circulation. - Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1942-325X .- 1942-3268. ; :3, s. 340-347
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Bilirubin, an effective antioxidant, shows a large variation in levels between individuals and has been positively associated with reduced cardiovascular disease risk. A major reason for the variability is a common promoter polymorphism, UGT1A1*28, which reduces the transcription of the enzyme that conjugates bilirubin, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1. The aim of the study was to evaluate a possible protective effect of plasma bilirubin and the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism against myocardial infarction in a prospective case-referent setting.Methods and Results: 618 subjects with a first-ever myocardial infarction (median event age 60.5 years, median lag time 3.5 years) and 1184 matched referents were studied. Plasma bilirubin was lower in cases vs. referents. Despite a strong gene-dosage effect on bilirubin levels in both cases and referents, the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism did not influence the risk of myocardial infarction. Among multiple other variables, serum iron showed one of the strongest associations with bilirubin levels.Conclusion: We found no evidence for a protective effect of the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism against myocardial infarction and consequently neither for bilirubin. The lower bilirubin levels in cases might be caused by decreased production, increased degradation or increased elimination.
  •  
29.
  •  
30.
  •  
31.
  • Eliasson, Mats, et al. (author)
  • The disparity between long-term survival in patients with and without diabetes following a first myocardial infarction did not change between 1989 and 2006 : an analysis of 6,776 patients in the Northern Sweden MONICA Study
  • 2011
  • In: Diabetologia. - : SpringerLink. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 54:10, s. 2538-2543
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Aims/hypothesis: Long-term survival after myocardial infarction(MI) has improved in the population, but data ondiabetic patients is lacking. We analysed survival for up to18 years after a first MI in patients with or without diabetesMethods: The Northern Sweden MONICA MyocardialInfarction Registry was linked to the Cause-of-DeathRegistry for a total of 6,776 patients, 25–64 years of age,with a first MI during 1989–2006. Prehospital deaths wereincluded. Follow-up ended on 30 August 2008.Results: Sixteen per cent had diabetes. Median follow-uptime was 6.8 years, and the study included 50,667 patientyears.One third of the non-diabetic patients died vs half ofthe diabetic patients. Median survival for non-diabetic menwas 227 months and for diabetic men 123 months.Corresponding figures for the non-diabetic and diabeticwomen were 222 and 81 months respectively. Men withdiabetes had an age-adjusted HR for all-cause mortality of 1.56 (95% CI 1.39, 1.79) vs men without diabetes. Mortality risk was higher among diabetic women, HR1.97 (1.62, 2.39) (diabetes × sex interaction, p=0.03). Survival increased for three consecutive cohorts and washigher in non-diabetic patients for all durations of follow-upand in all three cohorts. The interaction of diabetes x cohortwas not significant over time (p=0.5) and HRs did notdiffer either.Conclusions/interpretation Long-term survival after a firstMI is markedly lower in diabetic patients, especially amongwomen, over an 18-year observation time. Althoughsurvival has improved in diabetic patients, the effect ofdiabetes upon mortality has not diminished.
  •  
32.
  •  
33.
  • Engeset, Dagrun, et al. (author)
  • Fish consumption and mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort
  • 2015
  • In: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 30:1, s. 57-70
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Fish is a source of important nutrients and may play a role in preventing heart diseases and other health outcomes. However, studies of overall mortality and cause-specific mortality related to fish consumption are inconclusive. We examined the rate of overall mortality, as well as mortality from ischaemic heart disease and cancer in relation to the intake of total fish, lean fish, and fatty fish in a large prospective cohort including ten European countries. More than 500,000 men and women completed a dietary questionnaire in 1992-1999 and were followed up for mortality until the end of 2010. 32,587 persons were reported dead since enrolment. Hazard ratios and their 99 % confidence interval were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. Fish consumption was examined using quintiles based on reported consumption, using moderate fish consumption (third quintile) as reference, and as continuous variables, using increments of 10 g/day. All analyses were adjusted for possible confounders. No association was seen for fish consumption and overall or cause-specific mortality for both the categorical and the continuous analyses, but there seemed to be a U-shaped trend (p < 0.000) with fatty fish consumption and total mortality and with total fish consumption and cancer mortality (p = 0.046).
  •  
34.
  • Engström, Karin, et al. (author)
  • Evaluation of the impact of genetic polymorphisms in glutathione-related genes on the association between methylmercury or n-3 polyunsaturated long chain fatty acids and risk of myocardial infarction : a case-control study
  • 2011
  • In: Environmental Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1476-069X. ; 10:33
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, which are present in fish, are protective against myocardial infarction. However, fish also contains methylmercury, which influences the risk of myocardial infarction, possibly by generating oxidative stress. Methylmercury is metabolized by conjugation to glutathione, which facilitates elimination. Glutathione is also an antioxidant. Individuals with certain polymorphisms in glutathione-related genes may tolerate higher exposures to methylmercury, due to faster metabolism and elimination and/or better glutathione-associated antioxidative capacity. They would thus benefit more from the protective agents in fish, such as eicosapentaenoic+docosahexaenoic acid and selenium. The objective for this study was to elucidate whether genetic polymorphisms in glutathione-related genes modify the association between eicosapentaenoic+docosahexaenoic acid or methylmercury and risk of first ever myocardial infarction. Methods: Polymorphisms in glutathione-synthesizing (glutamyl-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, GCLC and glutamyl-cysteine ligase modifier subunit, GCLM) or glutathione-conjugating (glutathione S-transferase P, GSTP1) genes were genotyped in 1027 individuals from northern Sweden (458 cases of first-ever myocardial infarction and 569 matched controls). The impact of these polymorphisms on the association between erythrocyte-mercury (proxy for methylmercury) and risk of myocardial infarction, as well as between plasma eicosapentaenoic+docosahexaenoic acid and risk of myocardial infarction, was evaluated by conditional logistic regression. The effect of erythrocyte-selenium on risk of myocardial infarction was also taken into consideration. Results: There were no strong genetic modifying effects on the association between plasma eicosapentaenoic+docosahexaenoic acid or erythrocyte-mercury and risk of myocardial infarction risk. When eicosapentaenoic+docosahexaenoic acid or erythrocyte-mercury were divided into tertiles, individuals with GCLM-588 TT genotype displayed a lower risk relative to the CC genotype in all but one tertile; in most tertiles the odds ratio was around 0.5 for TT. However, there were few TT carriers and the results were not statistically significant. The results were similar when taking plasma eicosapentaenoic+docosahexaenoic acid, erythrocyte-selenium and erythrocyte-mercury into account simultaneously. Conclusions: No statistically significant genetic modifying effects were seen for the association between plasma eicosapentaenoic+docosahexaenoic acid or erythrocyte-mercury and risk of myocardial infarction. Still, our results indicate that the relatively rare GCLM-588 TT genotype may have an impact, but a larger study is necessary for confirmation.
  •  
35.
  • Eriksson, Jan W., et al. (author)
  • Hydrochlorothiazide, but not Candesartan, aggravates insulin resistance and causes visceral and hepatic fat accumulation : the mechanisms for the diabetes preventing effect of Candesartan (MEDICA) Study
  • 2008
  • In: Hypertension. - : American Heart Association. - 0194-911X .- 1524-4563. ; 52:6, s. 1030-1037
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Treatment with angiotensin II receptor blockers is associated with lower risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with thiazide diuretics. The Mechanisms for the Diabetes Preventing Effect of Candesartan Study addressed insulin action and secretion and body fat distribution after treatment with candesartan, hydrochlorothiazide, and placebo. Twenty-six nondiabetic, abdominally obese, hypertensive patients were included in a multicenter 3-way crossover trial, and 22 completers (by predefined criteria; 10 men and 12 women) were included in the analyses. They underwent 12-week treatment periods with candesartan (C; 16 to 32 mg), hydrochlorothiazide (H; 25 to 50 mg), and placebo (P), respectively, and the treatment order was randomly assigned and double blinded. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic (56 mU/m(2) per minute) clamps were performed. Intrahepatic and intramyocellular and extramyocellular lipid content and subcutaneous and visceral abdominal adipose tissue were measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and MRI. Insulin sensitivity (M-value) was reduced following H versus C and P (6.07+/-2.05, 6.63+/-2.04, and 6.90+/-2.10 mg/kg of body weight per minute, mean+/-SD; P
  •  
36.
  • Eriksson, Maria A., 1965-, et al. (author)
  • Leptin levels are not affected by enalapril treatment after an uncomplicated myocardial infarction, but associate strongly with changes in fibrinolytic variables in men
  • 2020
  • In: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 80:4, s. 303-308
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, is involved in the regulation of body weight and is associated with obesity-related complications, notably cardiovascular disease (CVD). A putative link between obesity and CVD could be induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) synthesis by leptin. In this study, we hypothesized that the beneficial effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE(i)) enalapril on PAI-1 levels is mediated by effects on leptin levels. The association between leptin and components of the fibrinolytic system was evaluated in a non-prespecified post hoc analysis of a placebo-controlled randomized, double-blind trial where the effect of the ACE(i) enalapril on fibrinolysis was tested. A total of 46 men and 37 women were randomized to treatment with enalapril or placebo after (median 12 months) an uncomplicated myocardial infarction. At baseline, the participants were stable and had no signs of congestive heart failure. Leptin and fibrinolytic variables (mass concentrations of PAI-1, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and tPA-PAI complex) were measured at baseline, and after 10 days, 6 months and 12 months. Enalapril treatment did not change leptin levels, which increased significantly during 1 year of follow-up (p = .007). Changes in leptin levels were strongly associated with changes of tPA mass (p = .001), tPA-PAI complex (p = .003) and of PAI-1 (p = .006) in men, but not in women. Leptin levels are not influenced by treatment with an ACE(i). In contrast, leptin associates strongly with changes in fibrinolytic variables notably with a sex difference, which could be of importance for obesity-related CVD.
  •  
37.
  • Eriksson, Marie, et al. (author)
  • Comparison of blood pressure measurements between an automated oscillometric device and a Hawksley random-zero sphygmomanometer in the northern Sweden MONICA study.
  • 2012
  • In: Blood Pressure Monitoring. - 1359-5237 .- 1473-5725. ; 17:4, s. 164-170
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: The Hawksley random-zero sphygmomanometer (random-zero) has been used widely in epidemiological observation studies. This study compares blood pressure measurements using the random-zero with measurements using an automated oscillometric device and suggests a correction of the automated oscillometric measurements to enable comparisons of blood pressure levels over time.METHODS: The northern Sweden MONICA population survey 2009 included 1729 participants, 853 men and 876 women, 25-74 years old. Blood pressure was measured using both random-zero and an automated oscillometric device in all participants. The Omron M7 digital blood pressure monitor was used for automated oscillometric measurements. A linear mixed model was used to derive a formula to adjust the automated oscillometric readings.RESULTS: Automated oscillometric measurements of systolic blood pressure were generally lower than random-zero measurements in women [oscillometric mean 122.1 mmHg (95% confidence interval: 121.0-123.2) versus random-zero mean 124.4 mmHg (123.5-125.5)], whereas automated oscillometric measurements of systolic blood pressure were generally higher than random-zero measurements in men [oscillometric 131.1 mmHg (130.0-132.2) versus random-zero 129.0 mmHg (127.9-130.1)]. For diastolic blood pressure, automated oscillometric measurements were higher in both women [oscillometric 79.9 mmHg (79.2-80.5) versus random-zero 76.7 mmHg (76.0-77.4)] and men [oscillometric 83.1 mmHg (82.4-83.8) vs. random-zero 81.2 mmHg (80.6-81.9)]. The difference also varied with age and order of measurement. Adjustment of the automated oscillometric measurements using mixed model regression coefficients produced estimates of blood pressure that were close to the random-zero measurements.CONCLUSION: Blood pressure measurements using an automated oscillometric device differ from those with random-zero, but the oscillometric measurements can be adjusted, on the basis of sex, age and measurement order, to be similar to the random-zero measurements.
  •  
38.
  • Eriksson, Marie, et al. (author)
  • Greater decreases in cholesterol levels among individuals with high cardiovascular risk than among the general population : the northern Sweden MONICA study 1994 to 2014
  • 2016
  • In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 37:25, s. 1985-1992
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • AIM: Decreasing cholesterol levels in Western populations is the main reason for decreasing mortality due to coronary heart disease. Our aim was to analyze trends in cholesterol levels in the population during a period of 20 years in relation to previous cardiovascular disease (CVD), other cardiovascular risk factors, and socioeconomic status.METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 4546 women and 4349 men aged 25-74 years participated in five population-based surveys in the Northern Sweden MONICA Study between 1994 and 2014 (participation rate 76.8-62.5%). Total cholesterol levels decreased from 6.2 mmol/L (95% confidence interval, CI, 6.1-6.2) in 1994 to 5.5 mmol/L (CI 5.4-5.5) in 2014. The decrease was more pronounced in elderly vs. younger participants (1.0 vs. 0.5 mmol/L). In 2014, participants with previous CVD, diabetes, or hypertension had lower cholesterol levels than the general population, whereas their levels were higher or similar to the general population in 1994. The use of lipid-lowering drugs increased markedly and was used by 14.3% in 2014. Previously described differences in cholesterol levels between participants with obesity and normal weight, and between those with and without university education, diminished, or vanished over time.CONCLUSION: Cholesterol levels decreased by 0.7 mmol/L over 20 years with no sign of abating. The improvement occurred in all age and gender groups but more prominently among those at high risk of ischaemic heart disease.
  •  
39.
  • Eriksson, Marie, et al. (author)
  • Large improvements in major cardiovascular risk factors in the population of northern Sweden : the MONICA study 1986–2009
  • 2011
  • In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 269:2, s. 219-231
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Objectives. The incidence of cardiovascular disease has declined rapidly in Sweden since the 1980s. We explored changes in major cardiovascular risk factors in northern Sweden between 1986 and 2009.Design. Since 1986, six population surveys have been carried out in northern Sweden using procedures of the World Health Organization MONICA project. The population age range was 25–64 years in 1986 and 1990, and 25–74 years from 1994. Trends were analysed using generalized linear models.Results. A total of 10 586 subjects were included in the surveys. Blood pressure decreased by 4.9/3.9 mmHg in women and 1.8/1.5 mmHg in men aged 25–64 years between 1986 and 2009. In men and women aged 65–74 years, the decrease was 12.6/6.1 mmHg between 1994 and 2009. From 1994, the use of blood pressure‐lowering drugs increased, particularly among the older subgroup. The prevalence of smoking halved between 1986 and 2009; 11% of women and 9% of men were smokers in 2009. Cholesterol levels decreased by 0.9 mmol L−1 in the younger age group (25–64 years), and the use of lipid‐lowering agents increased from 1994. Among subjects aged 25–64 years, one in five was obese in 2009, which was twice as many as in 1986, and body mass index (BMI) increased by 1.5 kg m−2, corresponding to an increase in weight of 4 kg. There was no further increase in BMI from 2004. The prevalence of diabetes did not change between 1986 and 2009. The proportion that received a university education increased markedly in all age groups, especially in women, during the study period.Conclusions. Significant improvements were observed in major cardiovascular risk factors in northern Sweden between 1986 and 2009.
  •  
40.
  •  
41.
  •  
42.
  • Eriksson, Olof, et al. (author)
  • The Positron Emission Tomography ligand [11C]5-Hydroxy-Tryptophan can be used as a surrogate marker for the human endocrine pancreas
  • 2014
  • In: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 63:10, s. 3428-3437
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • In humans a well-developed serotonin system is localized to the pancreatic islets while being absent in exocrine pancreas. Assessment of pancreatic serotonin biosynthesis could therefore be used to estimate the human endocrine pancreas. Proof of concept was tested in a prospective clinical trial by comparisons of type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients, with extensive reduction of beta cells, with healthy volunteers (HV).C-peptide negative (i.e. insulin-deficient) T1D subjects (n=10) and HV (n=9) underwent dynamic Positron Emission Tomography with the radiolabeled serotonin precursor [(11)C]5-Hydroxy-Tryptophan ([(11)C]5-HTP).A significant accumulation of [(11)C]5-HTP was obtained in the pancreas of the HV, with large inter-individual variation. A substantial and highly significant reduction (66%) in the pancreatic uptake of [(11)C]5-HTP in T1D subjects was observed, and this was most evident in the corpus and caudal regions of the pancreas where beta-cells normally are the major constituent of the islets.[(11)C]5-HTP retention in the pancreas was reduced in T1D compared to non-diabetic subjects. Accumulation of [(11)C]5-HTP in the pancreas of both HV and subjects with T1D were in agreement with previously reported morphological observations on the beta cell volume implying that [(11)C]5-HTP retention is a useful non-invasive surrogate marker for the human endocrine pancreas.
  •  
43.
  • Erzurumluoglu, A. Mesut, et al. (author)
  • Meta-analysis of up to 622,409 individuals identifies 40 novel smoking behaviour associated genetic loci
  • 2020
  • In: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 25:10, s. 2392-2409
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Smoking is a major heritable and modifiable risk factor for many diseases, including cancer, common respiratory disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Fourteen genetic loci have previously been associated with smoking behaviour-related traits. We tested up to 235,116 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) on the exome-array for association with smoking initiation, cigarettes per day, pack-years, and smoking cessation in a fixed effects meta-analysis of up to 61 studies (up to 346,813 participants). In a subset of 112,811 participants, a further one million SNVs were also genotyped and tested for association with the four smoking behaviour traits. SNV-trait associations with P < 5 × 10-8 in either analysis were taken forward for replication in up to 275,596 independent participants from UK Biobank. Lastly, a meta-analysis of the discovery and replication studies was performed. Sixteen SNVs were associated with at least one of the smoking behaviour traits (P < 5 × 10-8) in the discovery samples. Ten novel SNVs, including rs12616219 near TMEM182, were followed-up and five of them (rs462779 in REV3L, rs12780116 in CNNM2, rs1190736 in GPR101, rs11539157 in PJA1, and rs12616219 near TMEM182) replicated at a Bonferroni significance threshold (P < 4.5 × 10-3) with consistent direction of effect. A further 35 SNVs were associated with smoking behaviour traits in the discovery plus replication meta-analysis (up to 622,409 participants) including a rare SNV, rs150493199, in CCDC141 and two low-frequency SNVs in CEP350 and HDGFRP2. Functional follow-up implied that decreased expression of REV3L may lower the probability of smoking initiation. The novel loci will facilitate understanding the genetic aetiology of smoking behaviour and may lead to the identification of potential drug targets for smoking prevention and/or cessation.
  •  
44.
  • Forslund, Ann-Sofie, et al. (author)
  • A second chance at life : People's lived experiences of surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
  • 2017
  • In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 31:4, s. 878-886
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BackgroundThere is more to illuminate about people's experiences of surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and how such an event affects people's lives over time.AimsThis study aimed to elucidate meanings of people's lived experiences and changes in everyday life during their first year after surviving OHCA.MethodsA qualitative, longitudinal design was used. Eleven people surviving OHCA from northern Sweden agreed to participate and were interviewed 6 and 12 months after the event. A phenomenological hermeneutic interpretation was used to analyse the transcribed texts.FindingsThe structural analysis resulted in two themes: (i) striving to regain one's usual self and (ii) a second chance at life, and subthemes (ia) testing the body, (ib) pursuing the ordinary life, (ic) gratitude for help to survival, (iia) regaining a sense of security with one's body, (iib) getting to know a new self, and (iic) seeking meaning and establishing a future.ConclusionTo conclude, we suggest that people experienced meanings of surviving OHCA over time as striving to regain their usual self and getting a second chance at life. The event affected them in many ways and resulted in a lot of emotions and many things to think about. Participants experienced back-and-forth emotions, when comparing their present lives to both their lives before cardiac arrest and those lives they planned for the future. During their first year, participants’ daily lives were still influenced by ‘being dead’ and returning to life. As time passed, they wanted to resume their ordinary lives and hoped for continued lives filled with meaning and joyous activities.
  •  
45.
  • Forslund, Ann-Sofie, et al. (author)
  • Meanings of people's lived experiences of surviving an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, 1 month after the event
  • 2014
  • In: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - 0889-4655 .- 1550-5049. ; 29:5, s. 464-471
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: The out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival rate has been poor and stable for a long time, but more recent studies describe its increase. However, there are few studies in which people narrate their experiences from surviving. Objective: The aim of this study was to elucidate meanings of people's lived experiences of surviving an OHCA with validated myocardial infarction (MI) etiology, 1 month after the event. Methods: A purposive sample of 2 women and 9 men was interviewed between February 2011 and May 2012. A phenomenological hermeneutical method was used for analysis, which involved 3 steps: naive reading and understanding, structural analysis, and comprehensive understanding. Results: There were 2 themes, (1) returning to life and (2) revaluing life, and five subthemes, (1a) waking up and missing the whole picture, (1b) realizing it was not time to die, (2a) wondering why and seeking explanations, (2b) feeling ambiguous in relations, and (2c) wondering whether life will be the same. All were constructed from the analysis. Conclusions: Surviving an OHCA with validated MI etiology meant waking up and realizing that one had experienced a cardiac arrest and had been resuscitated. These survivors had memory loss and a need to know what had happened during the time they were dead/unconscious. They searched for a reason why they experienced an MI and cardiac arrest and had gone from being "heart-healthy'' to having a lifelong illness. They all had the experience of passing from life to death and back to life again. For the participants, these differences led to a revaluation of what is important in life.
  •  
46.
  • Forslund, Ann-Sofie, et al. (author)
  • Risk factors among people surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and their thoughts about lifestyle
  • 2013
  • In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 12:Suppl. 1, s. S13-S14
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Aims: To describe risk factors among people surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and their thoughts about lifestyle.Design: An explanatory mixed methods design was used.Methods: All people registered in the northern Sweden Monica myocardial registry between the year 1989 to 2007 who survived out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with validated myocardial infarction aetiology and were alive at the 28th day after the onset of symptoms (n=71) were included in the quantitative analysis. Thirteen of them participated in interviews conducted in 2011 and analysed via a qualitative manifest content analysis.Results: The quantitative results showed that about 60% of the people had no history of ischemic heart disease or hypertension before the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest whereas 25% and 17% had been diagnosed with myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus, respectively. Eighty percent of the people had total cholesterol levels greater than 5.0 mmol/l and/or were taking lipid lowering medications. Almost half were smokers and overweight. The qualitative results are presented in three categories ‘descriptions of lifestyle after surviving’, ‘modifying the lifestyle to the new life situation’ and ‘a changed view on life’. The participants described that their lifestyle focused on the importance of being needed and meaning something to others, feeling well and doing things of their choice. They tried to find a reason why the cardiac arrest happened and make appropriate lifestyle changes although they made their own assessmnet of risk behaviours. The participants expressed being grateful for a second chance at life and tried to have a positive outlook on life.Conclusions: For most people in this study out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was the first symptom of coronary heart disease. In the interviews the participants expressed that they were well informed about their cardiovascular risk factors and the benefits of risk factor treatment. In spite of that, some of the patricipants chose to ignore this knowledge to some extent and preferred to live a ‘good life’. A life where risk factor treatment played a minor part. The results of this study indicates that health care workers and patients should focus more on the meaningful and joyful things in life and try to adopt healthy behaviours and lifestyle changes linked to these things.
  •  
47.
  • Forslund, Ann-Sofie, et al. (author)
  • Risk factors among people surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and their thoughts about what lifestyle means to them : a mixed methods study
  • 2013
  • In: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2261 .- 1471-2261. ; 13:August
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background The known risk factors for coronary heart disease among people prior suffering an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with validated myocardial infarction aetiology and their thoughts about what lifestyle means to them after surviving have rarely been described. Therefore the aim of the study was to describe risk factors and lifestyle among survivors. Methods An explanatory mixed methods design was used. All people registered in the Northern Sweden MONICA myocardial registry between the year 1989 to 2007 who survived out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with validated myocardial infarction aetiology and were alive at the 28th day after the onset of symptoms (n = 71) were included in the quantitative analysis. Thirteen of them participated in interviews conducted in 2011 and analysed via a qualitative manifest content analysis. Results About 60 % of the people had no history of ischemic heart disease before the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, but 20 % had three cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol of more or equal 5 mmol/l or taking lipid lowering medication, and current smoker). Three categories (i.e., significance of lifestyle, modifying the lifestyle to the new life situation and a changed view on life) and seven sub-categories emerged from the qualitative analysis. Conclusions For many people out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was the first symptom of coronary heart disease. Interview participants were well informed about their cardiovascular risk factors and the benefits of risk factor treatment. In spite of that, some chose to ignore this knowledge to some extent and preferred to live a "good life", where risk factor treatment played a minor part. The importance of the support of family members in terms of feeling happy and having fun was highlighted by the interview participants and expressed as being the meaning of lifestyle. Perhaps the person with illness together with health care workers should focus more on the meaningful and joyful things in life and try to adopt healthy behaviours linked to these things.
  •  
48.
  • Forslund, Ann-Sofie, et al. (author)
  • Trends in incidence and outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest among people with validated myocardial infarction
  • 2013
  • In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - London, England : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881 .- 1741-8267 .- 1741-8275. ; 20:2, s. 260-267
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Aims: To describe trends in incidence, outcome, and background characteristics among people who suffered an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with validated myocardial infarction aetiology (OHCA-V).Methods and results: People from the northern Sweden MONICA myocardial registry (1989–2007) with OHCA-V (n = 2977) were divided in two age groups (25–64 and 65–74 years). Both those who were resuscitated outside hospital and those who died before resuscitation was started were included in the study. The younger age group was studied during 1989–2007 and the older group during 2000–2007. The incidence of OHCA-V decreased in both the younger group (men p < 0.0001, women p = 0.04) and the older group (men p < 0.0001, women p < 0.0007, respectively). The proportion with a history of ischaemic heart disease prior to the event decreased (p < 0.0001). The proportion of previous myocardial infarction decreased (p < 0.0001), diabetes mellitus increased (p = 0.001), coronary interventions increased (p < 0.0001), and survival after OHCA-V increased (p < 0.0001) in the younger group but not in the older group. Long-term survival after OHCA-V was better in the younger than in the older group (p = 0.026).Conclusion: The incidence of OHCA-V decreased in both sexes. The proportion surviving after OHCA-V was small but increased, and long-term survival (≥28 days) was better in the younger age group. Primary preventive measures may explain most of the improvements. However, the effects of secondary preventive measures cannot be excluded.
  •  
49.
  • Grönlund, Hans, et al. (author)
  • Low levels of IgM antibodies against phosphorylcholine predict development of acute myocardial infarction in a population-based cohort from northern Sweden.
  • 2009
  • In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. - : Sage. - 1741-8267 .- 1741-8275. ; 16:3, s. 382-386
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: Phosphorylcholine (PC) is one important epitope on oxidized low-density lipoprotein that may play an important role by contributing to the atherogenicity of oxidized low-density lipoprotein. IgM antibodies against PC (anti-PC) are present ubiquitously in the population as natural antibodies. We here determine the association between anti-PC and incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: We studied 462 incident cases of first events of MI and 888 age-matched and sex-matched controls identified through 13 years of follow-up (1987-1999) of participants in a population-based study from northern Sweden. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident MI with adjustments for age, sex, geographical region, hypertension, diabetes, BMI, smoking habits, s-cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were determined. Anti-PC levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS: Low anti-PC values were associated with increased risk of MI. Significant associations were found for values below 26.8 U/ml, corresponding to the lowest 25th percentile, and the highest association was seen below 16.9 U/ml. These results remained almost the same after adjustment for confounding factors (RR crude: 1.56, CI: 1.07-2.28 and RR adjusted: 1.69, CI: 1.09-2.54). CONCLUSION: Low levels of natural IgM anti-PC could play an important role as risk markers for development of MI. Adjustment for common confounders only marginally affected the RR, suggesting that the addition of IgM anti-PC add independent information to the more traditional risk factors.
  •  
50.
  • Hagg, Lovisa, et al. (author)
  • External Validity of the ARISTOTLE Trial in Real-Life Atrial Fibrillation Patients
  • 2014
  • In: Cardiovascular Therapeutics. - : Wiley. - 1755-5914. ; 32:5, s. 214-218
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • ObjectiveOur primary objective was to determine the proportion of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) eligible for enrollment in a randomized controlled trial for a novel oral anticoagulant, the ARISTOTLE trial. A secondary objective was to describe the reasons for trial ineligibility.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study of an unselected population including 2274 patients in Skelleftea, Sweden with at least one verified episode of AF on or before December 31, 2010. Patients were classified as suitable or unsuitable for anticoagulant treatment according to current guidelines. The enrollment criteria from the ARISTOTLE trial were extracted from the original publication and applied to the population.ResultsAmong all patients with AF, 1579 were classified as suitable for anticoagulant treatment. Of these, only 658 patients (42%) were eligible for participation in the ARISTOTLE trial. Among the 921 patients ineligible for participation, 498 did not meet the ECG criteria, 272 had psychosocial problems, and in addition, 78 patients were excluded due to both of these criteria.ConclusionOur study shows that a majority of the patients in an unselected population with AF suitable for anticoagulant treatment were ineligible for participation in the ARISTOTLE trial. The applicability of the ARISTOTLE trial is therefore unknown for a considerable proportion of patients with AF in real life.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Result 1-50 of 162
Type of publication
journal article (138)
other publication (9)
doctoral thesis (9)
reports (3)
conference paper (2)
research review (1)
show more...
show less...
Type of content
peer-reviewed (133)
other academic/artistic (27)
pop. science, debate, etc. (2)
Author/Editor
Jansson, Jan-Håkan (144)
Johansson, Lars (30)
Boman, Kurt (30)
Hallmans, Göran (30)
Eliasson, Mats (24)
Nilsson, Torbjörn K (22)
show more...
Söderberg, Stefan (16)
Weinehall, Lars (13)
Johansson, Ingegerd (12)
Wennberg, Patrik, 19 ... (11)
Lundblad, Dan (11)
Franks, Paul W. (10)
Lindahl, Bernt (10)
Deloukas, Panos (9)
Skerfving, Staffan (9)
Eriksson, Marie (9)
Wareham, Nicholas J. (8)
Scott, Robert A (8)
Norberg, Margareta (8)
Peters, Annette (8)
Samani, Nilesh J. (8)
Wennberg, Patrik (8)
Winkvist, Anna, 1962 (8)
Salomaa, Veikko (7)
Vessby, Bengt (7)
Stegmayr, Birgitta (7)
McCarthy, Mark I (7)
Hallmans, Göran, 194 ... (7)
Forslund, Ann-Sofie (7)
Palmer, Colin N. A. (7)
Hultdin, Johan (7)
Peloso, Gina M. (7)
Nilsson, Torbjörn (6)
Boeing, Heiner (6)
Rolandsson, Olov (6)
Lind, Lars (6)
Näslund, Ulf (6)
Melander, Olle (6)
Sattar, Naveed (6)
Bergdahl, Ingvar A. (6)
Wennberg, Maria, 197 ... (6)
van Guelpen, Bethany (6)
Laakso, Markku (6)
Langenberg, Claudia (6)
Saleheen, Danish (6)
Yaghootkar, Hanieh (6)
Kee, Frank (6)
Kooperberg, Charles (6)
Kathiresan, Sekar (6)
Loos, Ruth J F (6)
show less...
University
Umeå University (148)
Lund University (36)
Uppsala University (35)
Karolinska Institutet (24)
University of Gothenburg (14)
Örebro University (11)
show more...
Luleå University of Technology (8)
Mid Sweden University (6)
Linköping University (2)
Högskolan Dalarna (2)
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (2)
Royal Institute of Technology (1)
Stockholm University (1)
Jönköping University (1)
Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (1)
Linnaeus University (1)
RISE (1)
VTI - The Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (1)
show less...
Language
English (154)
Swedish (7)
Undefined language (1)
Research subject (UKÄ/SCB)
Medical and Health Sciences (130)
Natural sciences (7)
Agricultural Sciences (2)
Engineering and Technology (1)
Social Sciences (1)

Year

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Close

Copy and save the link in order to return to this view