| 1. |
- Björktomta, Siv-Britt, 1962
(author)
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Om patriarkat, motstånd och uppbrott – tjejers rörelse i sociala rum
- 2012
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This dissertation focuses on some young girls and their family relations. My aim has been to investigate how some of those girls with foreign background who in media, government documents and project descriptions have come to be categorized as “vulnerable girls in patriarchal families” – what has come to be termed honour-related violence and oppression, HRV – describe their situation themselves. The selection consists of eleven girls between 16 and 20 years old who have expressed that they live with restrictions and control of their social life and their sexuality. This means that it is the girls’ subjective experiences that have defined their vulnerability and delimited the selection. The core of the study comprises (family) relations, with gender and generation as dimensions of power. The study moves within two fields of tension, one of which deals with generation and concerns the relation between parental authority and children’s dependence and vulnerability. The other field deals with gender and concerns conflicts between men’s domination and women’s subordination. The theoretical basis consists of theories of patriarchy together with Bourdieu’s theories of habitus and symbolic violence, which provide an understanding of the context that the interviewees found themselves in. Central for this understanding is how norms and values are transferred from the older to the younger generation. For a deepening of the habitus concept, theories are used from emotion sociology about the coupling between feelings, cognition and action, which become useful in the analysis of the girl’s self-reflections, their relations to their parents, and regarding their space for action. The experience described by the interviewees concerned areas such as gender and sexuality, generation, dominance and power, violence, ethnicity, culture and religion, but in the interviews there was also a bodily and emotional dimension. This dimension emerged during the analytical work as increasingly significant for understanding the whole. The families’ norms and values can be described as traditional values in three areas: (1) a strong sexual morality together with control of women’s sexuality; (2) norms of honour, meaning among other things that great emphasis was placed on the family’s honour, which was symbolized by the daughter’s virginity; (3) gendered practices that were concretized in the interviews through the fact that the man was seen primarily as the family provider while the household and children were the woman’s responsibility. The patriarchal family formations that the interviewees described I will understand as variations of patriarchy formed within transnational social spaces in a late modern society. The idea that a daughter’s virginity is the symbol of the family’s reputation and honour meant that the interviewees, in a special way, had to shoulder the burden of being cultural symbols and boundary markers – with moral implications – between the “Swedish” and the “non-Swedish”. Resistance against the boy-friend ban and the virginity requirement was presented by all the interviewees. They lived a double life. Through various strategies the girls tried increasing their space for action, and when the resistance became visible – when the boundary transgressions were discovered – the father made use of his resources of power. Patriarchy was manifested in different ways within the families, and how the power was exercised had importance for the resistance’s form and expression, but it also emerged that these factors relate to each other in a dynamically changing interaction. The resistance influenced the power in many ways as well. An important distinction between the families concerned violence. In five families, there were accounts of actual physical violence, and in another family there had been threats of physical violence. The interviewees found themselves at the intersection between a patriarchal field and a field characterized by a more free view of sexuality and with strong discourses of equality and children’s rights. It was within these frameworks that their movements and resistance played out. A result that has emerged during the analytical work is the father’s position and significant function as a point of reference in the girls’ narratives – the father’s authority and power were taken for granted in virtually all the families. Another result is that through the diverse expressions of patriarchy the emotional ties between father and daughter existed in the great majority of the families. Parallel with emotional dependence between father and daughter, most of the girls wanted more emotional closeness, a closeness that could also promote a dialogue and better communication. The relation between mother and daughter emerged as complex and contradictory.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Demmelmaier, Ingrid, 1960-, et al.
(author)
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Does exercise intensity matter for fatigue during (neo-)adjuvant cancer treatment? The Phys-Can randomized clinical trial
- 2021
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 31:5, s. 1144-1159
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Exercise during cancer treatment improves cancer-related fatigue (CRF), but the importance of exercise intensity for CRF is unclear. We compared the effects of high- vs low-to-moderate-intensity exercise with or without additional behavior change support (BCS) on CRF in patients undergoing (neo-)adjuvant cancer treatment. This was a multicenter, 2x2 factorial design randomized controlled trial (Clinical Trials NCT02473003) in Sweden. Participants recently diagnosed with breast (n = 457), prostate (n = 97) or colorectal (n = 23) cancer undergoing (neo-)adjuvant treatment were randomized to high intensity (n = 144), low-to-moderate intensity (n = 144), high intensity with BCS (n = 144) or low-to-moderate intensity with BCS (n = 145). The 6-month exercise intervention included supervised resistance training and home-based endurance training. CRF was assessed by Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI, five subscales score range 4-20), and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue scale (FACIT-F, score range 0-52). Multiple linear regression for main factorial effects was performed according to intention-to-treat, with post-intervention CRF as primary endpoint. Overall, 577 participants (mean age 58.7 years) were randomized. Participants randomized to high- vs low-to-moderate-intensity exercise had lower physical fatigue (MFI Physical Fatigue subscale; mean difference −1.05 [95% CI: −1.85, −0.25]), but the difference was not clinically important (ie <2). We found no differences in other CRF dimensions and no effect of additional BCS. There were few minor adverse events. For CRF, patients undergoing (neo-)adjuvant treatment for breast, prostate or colorectal cancer can safely exercise at high- or low-to-moderate intensity, according to their own preferences. Additional BCS does not provide extra benefit for CRF in supervised, well-controlled exercise interventions.
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| 4. |
- Gaines, Hans, et al.
(author)
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Six-week follow-up after HIV-1 exposure: a position statement from the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy
- 2016
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In: Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 48:2, s. 93-98
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2014 the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy (RAV) conducted a review and analysis of the state of knowledge on the duration of follow-up after exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Up until then a follow-up of 12 weeks after exposure had been recommended, but improved tests and new information on early diagnosis motivated a re-evaluation of the national recommendations by experts representing infectious diseases and microbiology, county medical officers, the RAV, the Public Health Agency, and other national authorities. Based on the current state of knowledge the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the RAV recommend, starting in April 2015, a follow-up period of 6 weeks after possible HIV-1 exposure, if HIV testing is performed using laboratory-based combination tests detecting both HIV antibody and antigen. If point-of-care rapid HIV tests are used, a follow-up period of 8 weeks is recommended, because currently available rapid tests have insufficient sensitivity for detection of HIV-1 antigen. A follow-up period of 12 weeks is recommended after a possible exposure for HIV-2, since presently used assays do not include HIV-2 antigens and only limited information is available on the development of HIV antibodies during early HIV-2 infection. If pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis is administered, the follow-up period is recommended to begin after completion of prophylaxis. Even if infection cannot be reliably excluded before the end of the recommended follow-up period, HIV testing should be performed at first contact for persons who seek such testing.
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| 5. |
- Hansson, A., et al.
(author)
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The direction of human mesenchymal stem cells into the chondrogenic lineage is influenced by the features of hydrogel carriers
- 2017
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In: Tissue and Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3072 .- 0040-8166. ; 49:1, s. 35-44
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Low back pain is a major public health issue in the Western world, one main cause is believed to be intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. To halt/diminish IVD degeneration, cell therapy using different biomaterials e.g. hydrogels as cell carriers has been suggested. In this study, two different hydrogels were examined (in vitro) as potential cell carriers for human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) intended for IVD transplantation. The aim was to investigate cell- survival and chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs when cultured in hydrogels Puramatrix((R)) or Hydromatrix((R)) and potential effects of stimulation with growth hormone (GH). hMSCs/hydrogel cultures were investigated for cell-viability, attachment, gene expressionof chondrogenic markers SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). In both hydrogel types, hMSCs were viable for 28 days, expressed integrin beta 1 which indicates adhesion of hMSCs. Differentiation was observed into chondrocyte-like cells, in a higher extent in hMSCs/Hydromatrix((R)) cultures when compared to hMSCs/Puramatrix ((R)) hydrogel cultures. Gene expression analyses of chondrogenic markers verified results. hMSCs/hydrogel cultures stimulated with GH displayed no significant effects on chondrogenesis. In conclusion, both hydrogels, especially Hydromatrix((R)) was demonstrated as a promising cell carrier in vitro for hMSCs, when directed into chondrogenesis. This knowledge could be useful in biological approaches for regeneration of degenerated human IVDs.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Höjer, Ingrid, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Recognition of education and schooling in case files for children and young people placed in out-of-home care
- 2018
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In: Children and youth services review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0190-7409. ; 93, s. 135-142
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2018 Elsevier Ltd The aim of the article is to describe and discuss how issues related to schooling and educational achievement are recognized and addressed in social services case files for children and young people placed in out-of-home care (OHC) in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden. Four cohorts were included in the study: children born 1967, 1977, 1987 and 1992. 40 case files were selected from each cohort (38 from the 1977 cohort), in total 158 cases. The analyses were made through a counting of rows related to schooling and education in the documents. Results were then processed in the statistical program SPSS. The results show that the level of recognition of schooling/education was low, and that it was more frequent when the child/young person had behaviour problems and/or was placed in residential care. Little attention was paid to changes of schools. On a positive note, there was an increased attention to education and schooling for the two latter cohorts (1987, 1992), and the involvement of children, young people and parents was also more visible. To conclude, the acknowledgement of schooling and education that should be present in all placements in OHC was not generally visible in the documents in the case files, although the level of attention had increased. The message for practice is that this issue need more attention on several levels: better planning for the transition between old and new school, a developed cooperation between social services, foster/residential care and schools and a pro-active approach from social services concerning education and schooling.
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| 8. |
- Jaiswal, Raju, et al.
(author)
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Hemoglobin Levels Improve Fracture Risk Prediction in Addition to FRAX Clinical Risk Factors and Bone Mineral Density
- 2023
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In: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 108:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- CONTEXT: Anemia and decreasing levels of hemoglobin (Hb) have previously been linked to increased fracture risk, but the added value to FRAX, the most utilized fracture prediction tool worldwide, is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between anemia, Hb levels, bone microstructure, and risk of incident fracture and to evaluate whether Hb levels improve fracture risk prediction in addition to FRAX clinical risk factors (CRFs). METHODS: A total of 2778 community-dwelling women, aged 75-80 years, and part of a prospective population-based cohort study in Sweden were included. At baseline, information on anthropometrics, CRFs, and falls was gathered, blood samples were collected, and skeletal characteristics were investigated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. At the end of follow-up, incident fractures were retrieved from a regional x-ray archive. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 6.4 years. Low Hb was associated with worse total hip and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), and lower tibia cortical and total volumetric BMD, and anemia was associated with increased risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF; hazard ratio 2.04; 95% CI 1.58-2.64). Similar results were obtained for hip fracture and any fracture, also when adjusting for CRFs. The ratio between 10-year fracture probabilities of MOF assessed in models with Hb levels included and not included ranged from 1.2 to 0.7 at the 10th and 90th percentile of Hb, respectively. CONCLUSION: Anemia and decreasing levels of Hb are associated with lower cortical BMD and incident fracture in older women. Considering Hb levels may improve the clinical evaluation of patients with osteoporosis and the assessment of fracture risk.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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De unga oregerliga männen
- 2012
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In: Att fostra familjen : en grundbok om styrning, föräldrarskap och socialtjänst / Helena Johansson, Margareta Bäck-Wiklund (red.). - Malmö : Lber. - 9789147097944
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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The unruly young men: Exploring some key constructions of masculinity within Swedish social services
- 2016
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In: Indian Journal of Social Work. - 0019-5634. ; 77:1, s. 21-37
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The article draws on two research projects conducted at the University of Gothenburg and highlights how social workers construct and reconstruct young masculinities. In the light of recent debates in India, induced by the gang rapes in New Delhi, the intersection between masculinity and class is of great relevance to social work. Research from both countries highlights a problematic situation within social work as boys from lower social classes often are predicted to become low achievers or drug addicts. Instead our focal point should be turned towards how we in interaction with our surroundings are shaped as males and females.
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| 11. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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The Unruly Young Men - Some Key Constructions of Masculinity within Swedish Social Services
- 2016
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In: Indian journal of social work. - 0019-5634. ; :January
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The article draws on two research projects conducted at the University of Gothenburg and highlights how social workers construct and reconstruct young masculinities. In the light of recent debates in India, induced by the gang rapes in New Delhi, the intersection between masculinity and class is of great relevance to social work. Research from both countries highlights a problematic situation within social work as boys from lower social classes often are predicted to become low achievers or drug addicts. Instead our focal point should be turned towards how we in interaction with our surroundings are shaped as males and females
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| 12. |
- Larsson, B. A. M., et al.
(author)
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The timed up and go test predicts fracture risk in older women independently of clinical risk factors and bone mineral density
- 2021
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In: Osteoporosis International. - : SPRINGER LONDON LTD. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 32, s. 75-84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The timed up and go (TUG) test measures physical performance and predicts falls in the elderly. In older women, TUG time predicts the risk of major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture independently of clinical risk factors and bone mineral density, and has a substantial impact on fracture probabilities. Introduction The timed up and go (TUG) test measures physical performance and predicts falls in the elderly. A slow TUG has been associated with an increased fracture risk, but it is unclear whether the association is independent of clinical risk factors and bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to investigate if TUG time was associated with fracture risk independently of clinical risk factors and BMD and to determine its impact on fracture probabilities in older women. Methods A standardized questionnaire was used to assess information regarding clinical risk factors in the large population-based SUPERB study of 3028 older women (75-80 years). At baseline, the TUG test was performed and BMD measured with DXA. The association between TUG time and the risk of hip fracture and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) was examined using an extension of Poisson regression. Results Fracture incidence increased steeply with increasing TUG time up to 12 s and subsequently started to level off. A slow TUG time was therefore defined as TUG > 12 s, a cutoff level then used in Cox models to study the association between slow TUG and fracture risk. A slow TUG time was associated with an increased risk of fracture (MOF 2.39 [1.80-3.18] and hip fracture 2.96 [1.62-5.40]). These associations were slightly attenuated but remained significant after adjustment for clinical risk factors and femoral neck BMD. Depending on BMD, the 4-year fracture probability of MOF increased by a factor of 1.5-1.9 in a 75-year-old woman with slow TUG (> 12 s). Conclusion The TUG time predicts the risk of MOF and hip fracture independently of clinical risk factors and BMD and has a substantial impact on fracture probabilities, indicating that inclusion of the TUG test in patient evaluation should be considered in order to improve fracture prediction in older women.
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| 13. |
- Collen, Anna-Clara, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Cardiac structure and function is related to current blood pressure rather than to previous hypertensive pregnancy
- 2015
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In: Journal of Human Hypertension. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0950-9240 .- 1476-5527. ; 29:11, s. 702-704
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One-hundred five women were examined with echocardiography and ambulatory blood pressure measurements 40 years post partum to evaluate the effect of former hypertensive pregnancies versus current blood pressure on cardiac structure and function. Hypertensive pregnancies did not have an adverse effect on the heart, but current minor elevation in blood pressure had a negative impact on the myocardium. The increased prevalence of hypertension following hypertensive pregnancies may be a crucial factor regarding the increased risk for cardiovascular disease shown in affected women.
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| 14. |
- Collen, Anna-Clara, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Cardiovascular and metabolic characteristics 40 years after hypertensive pregnancies: a long-term follow-up study of mothers.
- 2013
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In: Journal of hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 31:4, s. 758-765
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:: Maternal cardiovascular morbidity is increased after hypertensive pregnancies (HTP). The pathways from complicated pregnancies to future cardiovascular disease are complex. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that different cardiovascular mechanisms are changed in women who experienced HTP four decades earlier in comparison to women with normotensive pregnancies. METHODS:: One hundred and five women (50 with hypertensive and 55 with normal pregnancies) were examined with anthropometric measurements; office blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure and central blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, intimal-media thickness, echocardiography and laboratory measurements. In addition another 204 women were followed-up by a questionnaire regarding their pregnancy 40 years ago, as well as their present health status and medications. RESULTS:: Women with HTP had more often diagnosed hypertension when compared with women with normal pregnancies (50 vs. 31%, respectively; P=0.046), but the groups did not differ in any blood pressure levels. HTP were associated with higher pulse wave velocity (8.8m/s vs. 7.8m/s, P=0.021), and higher levels of P-glucose (5.7mmol/l vs. 5.2mmol/l, P=0.022), P-HbA1c (4.4% vs. 4.2%, P=0.010) and noradrenaline (2.45mmol/l vs. 2.11mmol/l, P=0.040) when compared with normotensive pregnancies. Women followed up with a questionnaire reported deteriorated cardiovascular health compared to women attending the clinical investigations of the study. CONCLUSION:: HTP are associated with impairment in vascular function and metabolic status 40 years postpartum despite well controlled blood pressure levels.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Hill, Margreth, 1943, et al.
(author)
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Osedd och maktlös
- 2010
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In: Socialpolitik. ; :4, s. 22-25
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 19. |
- Häggström, Margaretha, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Att undervisa i hållbar utveckling - Relationellt perspektiv
- 2022
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Hur kan lärare arbeta med hållbar utveckling i en tid då globala kriser och klimatförändringar väcker både rädsla och oro? Och hur kan elever samtidigt känna hopp inför sin framtid och sitt vuxna liv? Dessa frågor är utgångspunkt för det utvecklings- och forskningsprojekt som utgör basen i denna bok. Du får följa med i berättelser som lärare och elever skapat tillsammans för att utveckla kunskap om social, ekologisk och ekonomisk hållbarhet. Boken redogör för de pedagogiska utgångspunkterna, men ger också rikligt med praktiska exempel på metoder och former för undervisning i och genom demokratiska och relationella förhållningssätt. Du får konkreta tips på hur du kan integrera hållbar utveckling i undervisningen. Såväl kritiska aspekter som lärdomar och möjligheter lyfts fram. I centrum står eleven och läraren utifrån det relationspedagogiska perspektivet. Att undervisa i hållbar utveckling: Relationellt perspektiv vänder sig till lärarstudenter och verksamma lärare i årskurs F-6. Bokens syfte är att inspirera, stödja och utgöra diskussionsunderlag i skolans arbete med miljöperspektivet och hållbar utveckling.
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| 20. |
- Höjer, Ingrid, 1953, et al.
(author)
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A long and winding road
- 2011
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In: Projekt YIPPEE's hemsida.
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sammanfattning av workpackage 9, intervjuer med ungdomar
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Höjer, Ingrid, 1953, et al.
(author)
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School as an opportunity and resilience factor for young people placed in care : Skolans betydelse för livschanser och motståndskraft hos barn och unga placerade i familjehem eller HVB-hem
- 2013
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In: European Journal of Social Work. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 16:1, s. 22-36
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this article is to describe and discuss how school can constitute a life opportunity and a resilient factor for young people at risk, as well as for those placed in care. 33 young people have been interviewed at two separate occasions (26 participated the second time). The results showed that school could provide a place of structure and safety, as a contrast to a chaotic family life. When it was impossible to bring friends home, due to parent’s problems, school also gave young people from dysfunctional families a possibility to be with friends, and provided them with a sense of ”normality”. When school had skilled professionals – teachers, mentors, nurses – who approached children and young people with empathy and commitment, our interviewees felt recognised and appreciated. The possibility of repeating one year was also of importance. Providing a school of high as well as stable quality, with well educated and committed professionals, may constitute an important resilient factor for disadvantaged children and young people, and thus constitute a platform for the opening of educational pathways and enhancing of future life opportunities. School could also give children and young people access to social capital, when birth families were less resourceful.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Johansson, Anna-Maria, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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Influence of visual feedback, hand dominance and sex on individuated finger movements
- 2021
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In: Experimental Brain Research. - : Springer. - 0014-4819 .- 1432-1106. ; 239:6, s. 1911-1928
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ability to perform individual finger movements, highly important in daily activities, involves visual monitoring and proprioception. We investigated the influence of vision on the spatial and temporal control of independent finger movements, for the dominant and non-dominant hand and in relation to sex. Twenty-six healthy middle-aged to old adults (M age = 61 years; range 46–79 years; females n = 13) participated. Participants performed cyclic flexion–extension movements at the metacarpophalangeal joint of one finger at a time while keeping the other fingers as still as possible. Movements were recorded using 3D optoelectronic motion technique (120 Hz). The movement trajectory distance; speed peaks (movement smoothness); Individuation Index (II; the degree a finger can move in isolation from the other fingers) and Stationarity Index (SI; how still a finger remains while the other fingers move) were extracted. The main findings were: (1) vision only improved the II and SI marginally; (2) longer trajectories were evident in the no-vision condition for the fingers of the dominant hand in the female group; (3) longer trajectories were specifically evident for the middle and ring fingers within the female group; (4) females had marginally higher II and SI compared with males; and (5) females had fewer speed peaks than males, particularly for the ring finger. Our results suggest that visual monitoring of finger movements marginally improves performance of our non-manipulative finger movement task. A consistent finding was that females showed greater independent finger control compared with males.
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| 27. |
- Johansson, Emily White, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Effect of diagnostic testing on medicines used by febrile children less than five years in 12 malaria-endemic African countries: a mixed-methods study.
- 2015
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In: Malaria journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2875. ; 14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2010, WHO revised guidelines to recommend testing all suspected malaria cases prior to treatment. Yet, evidence to assess programmes is largely derived from limited facility settings in a limited number of countries. National surveys from 12 sub-Saharan African countries were used to examine the effect of diagnostic testing on medicines used by febrile children under five years at the population level, including stratification by malaria risk, transmission season, source of care, symptoms, and age.
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| 28. |
- Johansson, Gudrun M., 1963-, et al.
(author)
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The added value of kinematic evaluation of the timed finger-to-nose test in persons post-stroke.
- 2017
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In: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1743-0003. ; 14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Upper limb coordination in persons post-stroke may be estimated by the commonly used Finger-to-Nose Test (FNT), which is also part of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment. The total movement time (TMT) is used as a clinical outcome measure, while kinematic evaluation also enables an objective quantification of movement quality and motor performance. Our aims were to kinematically characterize FNT performance in persons post-stroke and controls and to investigate the construct validity of the test in persons with varying levels of impairment post-stroke.METHODS: A three-dimensional motion capture system recorded body movements during performance of the FNT in 33 persons post-stroke who had mild or moderate upper limb motor impairments (Fugl-Meyer scores of 50-62 or 32-49, respectively), and 41 non-disabled controls. TMT and kinematic variables of the hand (pointing time, peak speed, time to peak speed, number of movement units, path ratio, and pointing accuracy), elbow/shoulder joints (range of motion, interjoint coordination), and scapular/trunk movement were calculated. Our analysis focused on the pointing phase (knee to nose movement of the FNT). Independent t or Mann-Whitney U tests and effect sizes were used to analyze group differences. Sub-group analyses based on movement time and stroke severity were performed. Within the stroke group, simple and multiple linear regression were used to identify relationships between TMT to kinematic variables.RESULTS: The stroke group had significant slower TMT (mean difference 2.6 s, d = 1.33) than the control group, and six other kinematic variables showed significant group differences. At matched speeds, the stroke group had lower accuracy and excessive scapular and trunk movements compared to controls. Pointing time and elbow flexion during the pointing phase were most related to stroke severity. For the stroke group, the number of movement units during the pointing phase showed the strongest association with the TMT, and explained 60% of the TMT variance.CONCLUSIONS: The timed FNT discriminates between persons with mild and moderate upper limb impairments. However, kinematic analysis to address construct validity highlights differences in pointing movement post-stroke that are not captured in the timed FNT.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962
(author)
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Brist på manliga förebilder. Dekonstruktion av en föreställning och dess praktik.
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The thesis takes its starting point in the conception that teenage boys living with a single mother lack male role models and that this lack is related to some of the boys social problems. The overall aim of the thesis is to analyse and deconstruct the conception lack of male role models within the field of social work. Further to explicitly study how this conception and closely rela-ted discourses are reproduced and/or reshaped in the social work services for sons of single mothers. Social constructionism, a doing gender-approach on how masculinities are constructed combined with discourse analysis and genealogy forms the theoretical and methodological fra-mework for the thesis. It combines a quantitative and a qualitative approach and uses three empirical data sets to fulfil the aim. The first is an interview study with 11 informants working directly with teenage boys in open forms of social treatment. The second is a survey using ques-tionnaires directed to key social workers and containing questions both on number of assess-ments, gendered differences, measures taken etc. and positions in relation to assertions concern-ing single mothers, their sons and the importance (or not) of male role models. 52 out of 98 social workers selected answered the questionnaire. The third is an analysis of texts published in Socionomen, the most influential journal for social workers in Sweden. The 217 texts studied span over a period of 42 years (1958 to 2000). The thesis concludes that the conception lack of male role models has a strong hold on social workers both in assessing and in carrying out care for teenage boys. The conception is under-stood as closely linked to a number of discourses that, in their turn, cooperate with social prac-tice. Within a gender equality discourse with a strong political rhetoric two different discourses on gender can be seen: both gender as difference and gender as sameness. This ambivalence raises ques-tions on the role of men in female dominated work places and as role models. Are they sup-posed to be models in a stereotypical and traditional masculinity construction or models for transgressing stereotypes? The constructions of masculinity are multiple and complex. A man of the body is constructed from components such as courage, discipline, physical activity and a trimmed body. A man of the head is also constructed, consisting of verbality, sensitivity and care. In the constructions of fathers two main discourses can be identified: fatherhood defined as biological kinship and as child oriented presence and care. The construction of the lone mothers shows similar complexities and ambivalences. She is both strong and capable but at the same time morally disreputable and burdened under a dominating mother centred discourse influenced, in its turn, by psychoanalytical thinking. She is seen as lacking in relation to the son. Mothers and fathers are further measured as parents by different gauges. The father is often good enough by being the biological father whilst the mother is judged harder. The discourses presented are interrelated, not least with a discourse where society is viewed as fatherless and where childhood is seen dominated by women. A fear of the wild teenage boy can be seen that leads to demands for discipline and a traditional form of masculinity within practical social work. But alternatives can also be seen and the ambivalences, competition and movements between discourses open a dynamic field. The thesis analyses these movements, different posi-tions and competitions, within both discourses and social practice.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Education for disadvantaged groups — Structural and individual challenges
- 2012
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In: Children and Youth Services Review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0190-7409. ; 34:6, s. 1135-1142
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Who pursues an educational pathway, and who doesn't is highly connected to class position. On the other hand, education may function as a means of disconnecting with a socially disadvantaged background. This article explores the situation of one of the most disadvantaged groups; young people with experience of being placed in foster or residential care. As part of the YiPPEE project, including five European countries, two extensive data sets were combined and analyzed, 33 young people were interviewed, as well as 111 social service managers and 26 nominated adults. The article discusses, using Bourdieu's much used concepts of capital, barriers for continued education after compulsory school. These barriers are found on both individual and family level as well as in relation to national policies and welfare regimes. The findings point to low expectations for higher education from both professionals and carers. The analyses also show that having acquired an educational identity, or cultural capital, is one of the strongest incitements for continued education. However, our results also show that not all young persons from a public care background have had the possibilities of acquiring a sufficient cultural and social capital, and often stand alone and thus choose other pathways. The results have consequences for social work and the authors draw the conclusion that in order to improve the situation for this group, as well as other disadvantaged groups, it is necessary to take into consideration both individual educational support and structural measures. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Engineering students’ approach to studying mathematics and its influence on their achievement
- 2021
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous research has addressed undergraduate students’ approaches to studying mathematics from various perspective, with differing results regarding influences on achievements. This study contributes to the fields understanding by examine if and how engineering students’ various approaches to studying mathematics, particularly a differential calculus course, affect their success on the course exam. Three questionnaires were distributed to the students and a logistic regression model showed that the habit to study regularly had a positive effect on exam results, whereas the strategy to imitate previous examples had a negative effect.
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| 37. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Exploring care leavers' agency in achieving entry into the world of work - a cross national study in six countries
- 2023
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In: International Journal of Social Welfare. - : Wiley. - 1369-6866 .- 1468-2397. ; 33:1, s. 309-319
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article draws attention to the relevance of young care leavers’ exercise of agency as one possible key ingredient in overcoming barriers to engagement in work. Several previous studies show difficulties in entering adult life, both in relation to higher and further education as well as entrance into work life. The article analyses interviews with young adults from six countries, who have spent at least part of their childhood and youth in out-of-home care and the results indicate that the care leavers have the ability to make plans and set up goals for the future that they in many cases are able to achieve or at least are striving for over time. In many instances they show a strong motivation, for example, to educate themselves pursuing their goals. To support this transition of young care leavers, it is important to listen to “successful” cases such as the ones presented.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Fysikbegreppets flyktighet : En konsekvens av kursplaneförändringar?
- 2019
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In: Från forskning till fysikundervisning. - Linköping, Sverige : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789179299804 ; , s. 33-46
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- TIMSS Advanced är en internationell studie om gymnasieelevers kunskaperi avancerad matematik och fysik. Studien har genomförts tregånger, 1995, 2008 och 2015, och Sverige har deltagit alla tre gångerna.Resultaten från senaste studien visade att svenska gymnasieeleverpresterade bättre i matematik men sämre i fysik jämfört med resultatenfrån 2008. Normalt brukar prestationerna i matematik och fysikföljas åt och det är därför intressant att undersöka tänkbara orsakertill de försämrade fysikresultaten. Resultatet visar för det första på försämraderesultat på uppgifter som tidigarelagts i undervisningen närde nya ämnesplanerna i fysik infördes 2011 och för det andra på försämraderesultat på uppgifter som mäter begreppsbildning i fysik.Detta kan tyda på att eleverna hade glömt områden som behandlades iundervisningen året innan provet gick, men kan också tyda på att elevernaskunskaper var alltför ytliga. Slutsatsen blir att man tydligarebör studera vad som händer när kurser och kursinnehåll förändras.
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| 40. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Glömska eller ytliga fysikkunskaper : Fördjupad analys av svenska elevers sjunkande fysikresultat i TIMSS Advanced 2015
- 2018
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- TIMSS Advanced (Trends in Mathematics and Science Study ) är en internationell studie som undersöker gymnasieelevers kunskaper i avancerad matematik och fysik. TIMSS Advanced har genomförts tre gånger, 1995, 2008 och 2015, och Sverige har deltagit varje gång. I 2015 års studie deltog svenska elever i årskurs 3 på naturvetenskaps-och teknikprogrammet som slutfört eller håller på att slutföra kursen matematik 4 respektive fysik 2. Resultaten visade att Sverige förbättrat sina resultat i matematik medan resultaten i fysik försämrats. Dessa resultat brukar normalt följas åt och denna rapport undersöker möjliga orsaker till de sjunkande fysikresultaten i TIMSS Advanced.
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| 41. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Governing the family
- 2012
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In: European Conference on Social Work Research.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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| 42. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962
(author)
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Män gör män av spolingar
- 2006
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In: Socialpolitik. ; :4, s. 36-37
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 43. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Outsourcing the core of social work? Consequences of the organisational development within social services in Sweden
- 2013
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In: ENSACT, Istanbul, 17-19/4 2013.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sweden has a long tradition of using laymen as supportive persons within the social services. One of the most popular interventions is to support children and teenagers by using a contact family or a contact person. At present about 20 000 young persons in Sweden have this intervention and the situation has been stable during the last decade. The paper is based on an on-going study titled Society as a teenage parent . The focus is on teenagers between 13 and 20 with experience of having a contact person for a year or more. The aim is to gain knowledge on what content is included when the social services decides to indicate a contact person for a teenager. Further to investigate how this can be understood as a way of executing parental responsibilities where the family of origin seems to fail. The project design includes focus groups with social workers, contact persons and school representatives; analysis of social work case files as well as interviews with the young person, the contact person, the parent(s) and the social worker. The study has been conducted in three different municipalities in the western region of Sweden during the last two years and is still in progress. A result of the study so far is that social workers seem to be more of an outsourcing consultant, dealing with different bureaucratic matters in order to fulfil their responsibility in relation to society. The contact person intervention has both the character of a voluntary intervention, accomplished by laymen, and a professional or semi-professional intervention where different professionals get involved. In both cases the social workers are the organisers while the contact persons work in direct contact with the teenagers, the kind of work we normally connect to the “core of social work”. The paper and presentation will deal with the questions: In which way will this change have an impact on the future development of social work profession? What are the advantages and disadvantages? What are the alternatives?
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962
(author)
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Resa i ett könat landskap
- 2008
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In: Att göra skillnad – könsperspektiv i socialt arbete med barn och ungdomar. - Stockholm : Allmänna Barnhuset.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Sweden: A long and winding road
- 2014
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In: Improving access to further and higher education for young people in public care. - : Jessica Kingsley Publishers. - 9781849053662 ; , s. 215-250
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 48. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Swedish contact persons for youths at risk – reasons and patterns in social documentation
- 2012
-
In: European Conference on Social Work Research.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One of the most popular interventions within the social services in Sweden is to support children and teenagers by using a contact person. Using voluntary persons in social work has a long tradition in the country and mostly these voluntary persons are ‘ordinary’ people interested in giving other people support if needed. A contact person can be seen as a way of building bridges between the civil society and the professional social work. This intervention is very popular and about 20 0000 children/young people between 1-18 years are yearly registered for this support (contact person or contact family) and the figures have been quite stable during the last decade. Despite the popularity there is a lack of knowledge and evaluation concerning how it works and which functions and con- tent the social workers try to achieve by using a contact person or a contact family. The presentation is based on an on-going research project with focus on teenagers between 13 and 20 with experience of having a contact person for a year or more. The project with the title Society as teenage parent – about contact persons within the social services is financed by FAS (the Swedish Council for Working life and Social research). The aim of the study is to obtain new knowledge about the way the social services use and create the content and the character of this intervention. The design is based on a Helena Johansson and Mona Franséhn. Swedish contact persons for youths at risk – reasons and patterns in social documentation (Fri- day 13.30 h) 58 ECSWR 2012, Basel model including focus groups (with social workers, contact persons, school representatives), docu- ment studies and case studies. The study is carried out in three different municipalities in the west- ern region of Sweden. In the presentation the document study will be focused. Social documentation concerning 36 young persons (age 8 to 19) have been collected and analysed. We will present and discuss key characteristics of the young persons and their families, what patterns can be identified when it comes to of motives for the intervention and of problem descriptions as well as underlying assumptions of gender class and family.
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| 49. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1962, et al.
(author)
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The Role of Agency in Finding Pathways From Care to Work of Former Care Leavers: A Cross-National Study
- 2018
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In: 15 th EUSARF Conference, Porto, 2-5 October. - : EUSARF conference in Porto 2018.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overall aim of this study is to explore the concept of agency in relation to work in understanding the experience of young people who previously have been in care and their inclusion into the work life. The research-project “Pathways from care to work” is part of an international research project including five countries; Ireland, Spain Belgium, Sweden and Czechoslovakia. It seeks to explore the work related experiences for young people who previously have been in care and who now are in their mid-twenties. The starting point of the study is that work and employment is a key element for care leavers regarding their social integration as adults in society. The project is based on national case studies with comparative reviews. Interviews have been performed with former care leavers that have left placements in care at least five years ago. Cases have been collected from the five countries participating in the study. During the interviews, themes like work trajectories since first job and what has affected these work trajectories since leaving care, are explored from the young adult’s perspective. The sample is based on the young people’s successful experiences and good outcomes in relation to work. The objective that will be studied in relation to this proposed abstract is the pathways to work for former care leavers and how these interconnect with the notion of agency. How do work experiences of former care leavers contribute to their agency and how does agency contribute to work for former care leavers? What promotes and inhibits agency for former care leavers in the world of work? Focusing on former care leavers that are now currently working can help us to better understand what has helped these young people to find and stay in jobs and integrate themselves in the work life. The result will reveal different trajectories to work and how they are connected to the possibility of gaining and using agency related to the work experiences for this group of former care leavers. It will also give us knowledge on the processes that promotes and inhibits agency. These results will give important messages to policy and practice in current work with care leavers. It is important for practice and policy to learn from the young people’s own narratives of their trajectories and of their experiences of entering and staying in the work life.
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| 50. |
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