| 1. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(author)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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In: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 2. |
- Das, Roshni, et al.
(author)
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Medroxyprogesterone acetate positively modulates specific GABAA-receptor subtypes - affecting memory and cognition
- 2022
-
In: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 141
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is a progestin widely used in humans as hormone replacement therapy and at other indications. Many progestin metabolites, as the progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone, have GABAA-receptor modulatory effects and are known to affect memory, learning, appetite, and mood. In women, 4 years chronic treatment with MPA doubles the frequency of dementia and in rats, MPA causes cognitive impairment related to the GABAergic system. Activation of the membrane bound GABAA receptor results in a chloride ion flux that can be studied by whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings. The purpose of this study was to clarify the modulatory effects of MPA and specific MPA metabolites, with structures like known GABAA-receptor modulators, on different GABAA-receptor subtypes. An additional aim was to verify the results as steroid effects on GABA response in single cells taken from rat hypothalamus. HEK-293 cell-lines permanently expressing the recombinant human GABAA-receptor subtype α1β2γ2L or α5β3γ2L or α2β3γ2S were created. The MPA metabolites 3α5α-MPA,3β5α-MPA and 3β5β-MPA were synthesised and purified for electrophysiological patch-clamp measurements with a Dynaflow system. The effects of MPA and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone were also studied. None of the studied MPA metabolites affected the responses mediated by α1β2γ2L or α5β3γ2L GABAA receptors. Contrary, MPA clearly acted both as a positive modulator and as a direct activator of the α5β3γ2L and α2β3γ2S GABAA receptors. However, in concentrations up to 10 μM, MPA was inactive at the α1β2γ2L GABAA receptor. In the patch-clamp recordings from dissociated cells of the preoptic area in rats, MPA increased the amplitude of responses to GABA. In addition, MPA alone without added GABA, evoked a current response. In conclusion, MPA acts as a positive modulator of specific GABAA receptor subtypes expressed in HEK cells and at native GABA receptors in single cells from the hypothalamic preoptic area.
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| 3. |
- Eckerström, Marie, 1981, et al.
(author)
-
Longitudinal evaluation of criteria for subjective cognitive decline and preclinical Alzheimer's disease in a memory clinic sample.
- 2017
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In: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 16:8, s. 96-107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and biomarker-based "at-risk" concepts such as "preclinical" Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been developed to predict AD dementia before objective cognitive impairment is detectable. We longitudinally evaluated cognitive outcome when using these classifications.Memory clinic patients (n=235) were classified as SCD (n=122): subtle cognitive decline (n=36) and mild cognitive impairment (n=77) and subsequently subclassified into SCDplus and National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) stages 0 to 3. Mean (standard deviation) follow-up time was 48 (35) months. Proportion declining cognitively and prognostic accuracy for cognitive decline was calculated for all classifications.Among SCDplus patients, 43% to 48% declined cognitively. Among NIA-AA stage 1 to 3 patients, 50% to 100% declined cognitively. The highest positive likelihood ratios (+LRs) for subsequent cognitive decline (+LR 6.3), dementia (+LR 3.4), and AD dementia (+LR 6.5) were found for NIA-AA stage2.In a memory clinic setting, NIA-AA stage 2 seems to be the most successful classification in predicting objective cognitive decline, dementia, and AD dementia.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-
(author)
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Abadyl of tunes : bring the noise
- 2012
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In: 2012 International Conference on Cyberworlds (CW). - 9781467327367 ; , s. 278-282
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, in a project still in the making, I will present how we developed a process for collectively producing the explorative soundscapes, using specific constraints of the Abadyl framework influenced by theories from art and architecture. I will show how we worked with a design methodology that brought together an editor and the final expression of the artwork into one surface of interaction and execution using a virtual cityscape as an iterative ground for sound and music explorations. I will also discuss how we tweaked/iterated with the parameters of the framework, the sounds and the final visual expression to match our artistic intention, and finally to bring some noise into Abadyl.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-, et al.
(author)
-
Abadyl of tunes
- 2011
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In: Ambience '11 exhibition. - Borås : University of Borås. - 9789197557672 ; , s. 40-43
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Conference paper (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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Against the self-evident
- 2014
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In: Real virtuality. - Berlin : Transcript Verlag. - 9783837626087 ; , s. 419-441
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-
(author)
-
Bring the noise
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Art, Culture and Design Technologies. - 2155-4196 .- 2155-420X. ; 3:1, s. 26-35
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article the author will present how they developed different processes for collectively producing a seriesexplorative soundscapes and mechanical artefacts using specific constraints influenced by theories from artand architecture. The author will show how they worked with a design methodology that brought togetheran editor and the final expression of the artwork into one surface of interaction and execution using a virtualcityscape as an iterative ground for sound and music explorations, and give some examples of the differentprototypes and iterations. The author will also discuss how they tweaked/iterated with the parameters of the framework, the sounds and the final visual expression to match their artistic intention, and finally to bringsome noise into Abadyl. Also influencing the overall framework.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- johansson, michael, 1962-, et al.
(author)
-
Fieldasy
- 2004
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In: Fieldasy. - Sheffield, UK.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Fieldasy is a process for engaging multiple perspectives in the creation of a world, and the mapping of its virtual space. While the final outcome lies ahead, the process has already produced a series of artistic expressions that drives the overall project forward. Fieldasy refers to the methods of field working and invoking imagination by using physical objects. The objects constitute a shared ground for collaborative creativity, serves as nodes in a complex narrative and as a basis for the creation of the world. In the paper, we describe the process, methods and the artifacts developed in this project. We also show how this approach can host and facilitate artistic development in a complex production environment such as the one of digital media, supported by invited artists, researchers (computer science) and students (interaction design), enabling diverse parties to transfer their knowledge into the project in an ongoing manner. Three aspects of the project are discussed: The Framework; the city of Abadyl, The Method; fieldasy and The Output; a series of artifacts eventually displayed in a series of exhibitions.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-, et al.
(author)
-
Gestalt
- 2015
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many disciplines have the culture and nurturing to explore, create, and tell stories about worlds. Therefore, our contribution is about the re-discovery of an idea that has been crucial in occidental thinking and which became underestimated: the notion of gestalt. To conceive real-world (and other) phenomena in terms of gestalt helps to gain a holistic understanding of them, and the aim of our paper therefore is to promote a method to rediscover the world in a less analytical fashion than it has been done in the last 400 years, after an analytical-based perception of reality gained ground with the scientific method developed in the 17th century and later. At the same time, a gestalt-approach helps to reframe (and better understand) recent technological developments as outcomes of an analytical way of thinking. Because analysis and the shaping of processes and entities according to functionalities is not the only or most suitable way to generate understanding, despite we got used to such a general state of mind.To conceive the world primarily in analytical terms or as a set of functions became culturally accepted. A gestalt-approach can be a promising complement to the prevalent analytical approaches, and the general benefit of such an approach lies in the use of comparative methods to create knowledge or design processes. Also borrowing ideas from Design Theory where Gestalt is analogous to a design process, we can view it as a process of knowledge acquisition and learning from the previously unknown.Gestalt perception as well as -conception helps to develop another kind of epistemology than the prevalent analytical/functional one, as for instance cybernetics, system theories and bioengineering already demonstrated. It transcends the border between real and virtual towards envisioning a complete reality, and out of that proves to be a method of working with unknown phenomena.
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| 11. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-
(author)
-
Gestaltande examinationsformer
- 2017
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In: Högskolepedagogisk debatt. - Kristianstad : Kristianstad University Press. - 2000-9216. ; :2, s. 45-53
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 12. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-, et al.
(author)
-
Ideal spaces : digital-cultural ecology and the medium-sized city
- 2016
-
In: Digital-cultural ecology and the medium-sized city. ; , s. 5-
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In our working group Ideal Spaces we are concerned with mediated worlds: especially the one of ideal worlds reconstructed, mainly concentrating on a classical topic of a “mediated” city through history, namely that of a utopian ideal city. How these utopian places have to be conceived as being ‘ideal’ ones. How this has been mediated, in terms of their modes of presentation, but also in those of the ideas underlying them as regards the different audiences that were thought to be addressed by them?These historical conceptions of what an ‘ideal world’ should, or could be is a classical topic of our cultural sphere, and focuses upon one perspective of relevance, that of an ideal city. The latest since the onset of what has been called ‘modernity’, now providing the actual background of the actually built cities we all live in, as our environment of relevance.Such conceptions of ‘ideal’ relevant worlds can be compared, as a background folio, with the approaches towards an ‘ideal’ environment as they become evident in the concept of The City of Abadyl. That in itself is a proposed city, a fantasy, a set of codes and models, a library of artefacts and prototypes, and foremost, it is its co-creators. Since its inception in 1999 it has grown into a large database of materials interlinked through the shape of a city, regardless of their respective incompatibilities. Support and create a geatlt for inquaryOur approach is to create an environment which facilitates artistic work practice in complex production environments such as those of digital media, supporting invited artists, researchers, companies, and students. We establish a ready-made, fictitious gravity that others can easily transfer their knowledge into. So How do we go about exploring this complex digital space? We could let people walk the streets of Abadyl in for example a game engine, but we have so far chosen to go in another direction. We have used the framework of Abadyl to stage different events in the form of written scenarios that provide detailed and specific background material. Our scenarios try to bring aspects of field study and fantasy together, to slowly create a discrete dynamic tension or displacement between persons, objects, time, places, and events that are not usually, if ever, associated into new and surprising conjunctions. Through this work we have developed several methods of worldmaking. The aspect of imagery is of particular importance here since comparisons can be made between traditional conceptions of pre-planned ideal worlds – e.g., the ideal of a functionalist city, of a typically ‘modern’ one, etc. – and imageries that evolve de novo and unplanned, as it is tried in the case of Abadyl.Moreover, such comparisons inform about a further aspect of imagery and hence, of being mediated. We have to take the notion of the ideal in both its connotations as a mental or inner image on the one hand (from the Greek eidos, or idea); and on the other, as a perfect state to be achieved and longed for (the ideal in its common terms of understanding). If we do so, then it becomes evident that even seemingly ‘new’ and ‘spontaneous’ outcomes like those in Abadyl are informed by mental or ‘inner’ images deeply rooted in what is called a cultural memory, that is, rest on a culture-specific substratum. And it is very interesting to see how these both layers of imagery, the “new” and the “old” one, are influencing each other in mutual terms. Which is a very important topic of mediated cities today since the assumption is that what is happening in Abadyl is also happening here.
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| 13. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-, et al.
(author)
-
Ideal spaces exhibition
- 2018
-
In: Interactivity, game creation, design, learning, and innovation. - : Springer. - 9783319769080 ; , s. 22-32
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Through the years we have worked with the idea of gestalt through artefact creation (including virtual objects and 3D-worlds) as one surface to explore, exploit, test and communicate our ideas and concepts, that are generative rather than produced, where we try to grasp systematic insights through complex generated realities, in which an audience later is invited to interact. In our Ideal spaces exhibition for the 2016 Biennale in Venice, we tried to explore this via a combination of presenting ideal city spaces, active participation of the visitors molding their own spaces, and symbolic representation. Ideal Spaces is also a high-tech project that uses diverse technologies in new ways, also new techniques and programming developed by us. In this paper, we show the theoretical and cultural background, and some lessons learned, regarding on what level of abstraction a visitor could interact with our exhibition to better understand how visitors created their own ideal spaces.
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| 14. |
- johansson, michael, 1962-, et al.
(author)
-
Place-specific computing : conceptual design cases from urban contexts in four countries
- 2008
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In: DIS '08. - New York : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781605580029 ; , s. 99-108
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- An increased interest in the notion of place has evolved in interaction design. Proliferation of wireless infrastructure, developments in digital media, and a 'spatial turn' in computing provides the base for place-specific computing as a suggested new genre of interaction design. In the REcult project place-specific computing is explored through design oriented research. This article reports six pilot studies where design students have designed concepts for place-specific computing in Berlin (Germany), Cape Town (South Africa), Rome (Italy) and Malmö (Sweden). Background and arguments for place-specific computing as a genre of interaction design are described. A total number of 36 design concepts designed for 16 designated zones in the four cities are presented. An analysis of the design concepts is presented indicating potentials, possibilities and problems as directions for future research.
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| 15. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-
(author)
-
Soundscaping
- 2018
-
In: Enhancing art, culture, and design with technological integration. - Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-1240, USA : IGI Global. - 9781522550235 ; , s. 169-182
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this chapter, the author presents how he developed different processes for collectively producing a series explorative soundscapes through interface creation and mechanical artifacts using specific constraints influenced by theories of art, design, and architecture. He shows how he worked with a design methodology that brought together an editor and the final expression of the artwork into one surface of interaction and execution using a virtual cityscape as an iterative ground for sound and music explorations, and gives some examples of different prototypes and iterations. The author also discusses how he tweaked/iterated with the parameters of the framework, the sounds, and the final visual expression to match his artistic intention, and finally to bring some noise.
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| 16. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-
(author)
-
The eight continent : design for an intentional surprise
- 2013
-
In: Proceedings. - Los Alamitos : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781479922451 ; , s. 232-239
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper I will present and discuss the design thinking, methods, processes and some examples of work, that demonstrates how I together with different co-creators set up a work practice, using digital 3d objects and images. That in different ways and formats helps us to explore how a database, a set of rules can be used in a dialogue with artistic work practice and how such a process can be used to create images and animation in a variety of design and art projects. The main example is a project called Conversation China that still is in its making, here we work with rather complex processes, involving several digital analogue techniques as the basis for creating the images for a 150 pieces porcelain dinner set. My interest in this work is how the intention of the artist or designer is transferred and later embedded in the procedural or algorithmic process and how this intent is organized and set up to secure an desired outcome, mixing the possibilities of the digital media object with manual editing and artistic craftsmanship. With the idea of design fiction, we continue to ask and explore how intent can be critical to the design process as well as the final result, that is rendered between the procedural techniques and the artistic intention. What this paper tries to put forward is how we designed and set up environments for working with non linear and procedural media, their different expressions and forms by using explorable prototypes and design thinking?
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| 17. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-
(author)
-
The people´s smart sculpture PS2
- 2016
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In: ISEA 2016.
-
Conference paper (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- The People’s Smart Sculpture (PS2) panel discusses future oriented approaches in smart media-art, developed, designed and exploited for artistic and public participation in the change and re-design of our living environment. The actual debate about a smart future is not taking into account any idea of media art as an instrument for to realize the social sculpture, mentioned by Beuys[1] or as social sculpture itself.The People’s Smart Sculpture is the only large scale Creative Europe media-art project (2014-2018) in this context. It fosters participative-art and collaborative media-art-processes. The artistic results and the open approaches of the project will be discussed by 5 panelists from 5 countries. The project itself is constituted by 12 project-partners in 8 European countries with more than 350 artists and creatives from 29 countries worlwide. The approach works on two levels: the implementation of cultural participation-projects by media-artists and the ongoing optimization of the art and participation aspects. PS2 integrates diverse groups of people to participate in the non-institutional set up of structures for the people´s re-design of their urban, societal and living environment. Artists, citizens, creatives with a new user's perception and new skills are able to „medialize“ the Cultural R>evolution of art, culture, society and science: into spaces of a new public.
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| 18. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-
(author)
-
Wanderlost
- 2014
-
In: Cyberworlds (CW), 2014 International Conference.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper I will discuss a art and design project called wander lost, were we through co-creation try to populate a virtual world with people, objects and architecture. In this project we have developed a method for gathering input and inspiration for early stages in the design process designing virtual worlds. I will through some example of work show how worlds, real and virtual are as much made as found, and how they can be used to challenged each other into new forms of experiences and expressions, of both physical and virtual spaces. Where the virtual space transformed into maps & instructions can challenge the physical with qualities that is very hard to achieve in the physical world itself, and in that conflict new insights and expressions can revealed. Today Hybrid creations have become a method for working with cultural production not only with different elements of form, but as blending identities of the creators as well, wander lost support that process. We show how we from the virtual settings of the city of Traora we have extracted a series of walks as instructions and invited different co-creators to explore these algorithmical walks in their everyday surrounding in order to be surprised by rediscovery, using a digital camera/smart phone to capture and later communicate their findings. Allowing the unfamiliar to co-exist with the comfortably familiar. To create a process where digital worlds challenge and inspire digital expressions, tools and models with physical play and exploration. Supporting our long-term aim with research in new media is to set up design methods that can be used in a creative and collaborative process. We show how these findings played a crucial role designing the virtual city Traora. The Traora Flaneur kit turns everyday walks into discoveries of both urban contexts as well as ideas for possible virtual worlds.
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| 19. |
- Johansson, Michael, 1962-
(author)
-
Wanderlost
- 2015
-
In: Analyzing art, culture, and design in the digital age. - Hershey, Pensylvania : IGI Global. - 9781466686793 ; , s. 71-78
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this chapter I will discuss a art and design project called wanderlost, were we through co-creation try to populate a virtual world with people, objects and architecture. In this project stages we have developed a method for gathering input and inspiration for early stages in the design process designing virtual worlds. I will through some example of work show how worlds, real and virtual are as much made as found, and how they can be used to challenged each other into new forms of experiences and expressions, of both physical and virtual spaces. Where the virtual space transformed into maps & instructions can challenge the physical with qualities that is very hard to achieve in the physical world itself, and in that conflict new insights and expressions can revealed. Today Hybrid creations have become a method for working with cultural production not only with different elements of form, but as blending identities of the creators as well, wanderlost support that process. We show how we from the virtual settings of the city of Traora we have extracted a series of walks as instructions and invited different co-creators to explore these algorithmical walks in their everyday surrounding in order to be surprised by rediscovery, using a digital camera/smartphone to capture and later communicate their findings. Allowing the unfamiliar to co-exist with the comfortably familiar. To create a process where digital worlds challenge and inspire digital expressions, tools and models with physical play and exploration. Supporting our long-term aim with research in new media is to set up design methods that can be used in a creative and collaborative process. We show how these findings played a crucial role designing the virtual city Traora. The wanderlost method turns everyday walks into discoveries of both urban contexts as well as ideas for possible virtual worlds.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Koplin, M., et al.
(author)
-
SOCIAL ART IN EUROPEAN SPACES - AN APPROACH TO PARTICIPATION METHODOLOGIES WITHIN PS2
- 2016
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In: INTED 2016. - 9788460856177 ; , s. 1690-1699
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The People's Smart Sculpture PS2 - Social Art in European Spaces is a creative research and innovation project about the cultural evolution of the European city of the future. It addresses the growing complexity of life in today's city spaces and imminent challenges to the development of the urban environment. The People's Smart Sculpture PS2 explores the possibilities of participation that will become a smart culture technique as a result of the ongoing digitalization of society. 12 partners including universities, educational institutions, museums, galleries, theatres and research institutes in 8 European countries will organize 11 connected open labs integrating new art, design thinking, science, smart technologies and user culture for the participatory re-design of urbanity. The project has a budget of 2 million Euros and is funded by the European Commission within the Creative Europe programme for 3.5 years. 11 creative experiments in participatory art and design for the city of the future: The 12 project partners implement 11 experimental sub-projects and a European study about new forms of participation. While some PS2 sub-projects shed light on the ways we perceive our city space, or create speculative city environments, others will analyse problems, identify challenges and explore interdisciplinary solutions with citizens. The variety of approaches will reflect the diversity of people, skills, urban art, social processes and urban development. Renowned artists and designers from 29 countries will participate in the sub-projects. PS2 will explore and document new strategies for involving digital media and ICT in the development of user-centred culture. Development of new forms of participation for Smart Cities: Scientists from media-labs, computer science, cultural science, art history, sociology, architecture, design and urban planning will engage with the creative processes. Digital technologies will not only play an important role in the PS2 project art activities themselves, but directly support the innovation process by offering new opportunities for empowerment and societal integration of people of all social groups. The project will connect people and foster the exchange of ideas about and for smart cities. It is the base for cutting-edge communication between science and art, creatives, artists, media designers and citizens, and between the people and their governments. At the same time it will motivate the broad dissemination of new skills, design expertise and social knowledge relevant to urban re-design. Citizen participation in urban development and re-design has a long cultural tradition in Europe. But the rising complexity out of social issues, critical and creative ideas, green development, and at the same time a high level of demands towards a post-modernistic cultural evolution evoke the need of improved cooperation between all stakeholders in town: governmental entities, creative, and social cultural activists, experts and citizens. The participation processes needed for future activities in the field of urban-social sustainability requires an enhanced approach to citizen participation and user-friendly creative articulation. It is required to access the full potential of the new capabilities of communication, networking, social media, creativity, microcomputers, and new e-skills through the design of new participation methodologies. Art and media art prototype the next step concepts and methodologies for participation. This paper describes concepts and approaches of participation and reflects on participative art within examples of 6 PS2 sub-projects.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Liao, Wan-Chun, 1985, et al.
(author)
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A Ka-Band Active Integrated Antenna for 5G Applications: Initial Design Flow
- 2018
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In: 2018 2nd URSI Atlantic Radio Science Meeting (AT-RASC).
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Initial technology and design decisions are presented as part of a design flow to realize an active integrated antenna (array) element for 5G applications at Ka-band. The objective is to synthesize an antenna impedance that directly matches the amplifier optimal load impedance in order to maximize the overall efficiency of the integrated antenna-amplifier system while attaining an output power in the range of 15–25 dBm. A strategy to subsequently co-optimize this combined system is also discussed. Direct matching overcomes the insertion losses and bandwidth limitations of impedance-transforming networks, obviates the use of a standard 50-Ohm reference impedance, and potentially results in more cost-effective, more compact, and better performing active antenna designs in general.
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| 25. |
- Malinina, Evgenya, 1972-, et al.
(author)
-
Differential control of spontaneous and evoked GABA release by presynaptic L-type Ca2+ channels in the rat medial preoptic nucleus
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- To clarify the role of presynaptic L-type Ca2+ channels in GABA-mediated transmission in the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN), spontaneous as well as impulse-evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs and eIPSCs, respectively) were recorded from MPN neurons in a slice preparation from rat brain. The effects of different stimulus protocols and pharmacological tools to detect contributions of L-type Ca2+ channels and of Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels were analysed. Block of L-type channels did not affect the sIPSCs properties (frequency, amplitude, decay time course) in the absence of external stimulation, but unexpectedly potentiated the eIPSCs evoked at low stimulus frequency (0.1 – 2.0 Hz). This effect was similar to and overlapping with the effect of KCa-channel blockers. High-frequency stimulation (50 Hz for 10 s) induced a substantial post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) of the eIPSC amplitude as well as of the sIPSC frequency. Block of L-type channels still potentiated the eIPSC during PTP, but in contrast reduced the sIPSC frequency during PTP. It was concluded that L-type channels provide a means for differential control of spontaneous and impulse-evoked GABA release and that this differential control is prominent during short-term synaptic plasticity. Functional coupling of the presynaptic L-type channels to KCa channels explains the observed effects on eIPSCs.
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| 26. |
- Rylance, Rebecca Tremain, et al.
(author)
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Patient-oriented risk score for predicting death 1 year after myocardial infarction : the SweDen risk score
- 2022
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In: Open Heart. - : BMJ. - 2053-3624. ; 9:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to derive, based on the SWEDEHEART registry, and validate, using the Western Denmark Heart registry, a patient-oriented risk score, the SweDen score, which could calculate the risk of 1-year mortality following a myocardial infarction (MI).METHODS: The factors included in the SweDen score were age, sex, smoking, diabetes, heart failure and statin use. These were chosen a priori by the SWEDEHEART steering group based on the premise that the factors were information known by the patients themselves. The score was evaluated using various statistical methods such as time-dependent receiver operating characteristics curves of the linear predictor, area under the curve metrics, Kaplan-Meier survivor curves and the calibration slope.RESULTS: The area under the curve values were 0.81 in the derivation data and 0.76 in the validation data. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed similar patient profiles across datasets. The calibration slope was 1.03 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.08) in the validation data using the linear predictor from the derivation data.CONCLUSIONS: The SweDen risk score is a novel tool created for patient use. The risk score calculator will be available online and presents mortality risk on a colour scale to simplify interpretation and to avoid exact life span expectancies. It provides a validated patient-oriented risk score predicting the risk of death within 1 year after suffering an MI, which visualises the benefit of statin use and smoking cessation in a simple way.
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| 27. |
- Siess, Andreas, et al.
(author)
-
Worldmaking : designing for audience participation, immersion and interaction in virtual and real spaces
- 2019
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In: Interactivity, game creation, design, learning, and innovation. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030061340 ; , s. 58-68
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Artists often try to open up new experiences for people, challenging them to extend horizons and perception. This becomes particularly relevant when thinking about experiencing built environments: Here, technologies like Cave Automatic Virtual Environments (CAVE) or Head-Mounted Displays (HMD) can be used as a tool to offer richer experiences to the audience in both art installations and exhibitions. We have been developing several exhibitions tackling the challenges that come with exhibiting in (semi -) public spaces: how do we engage visitors in our exhibitions, what role do bystanders play and how can this be considered in the development and design process? The exhibitions were built in a chronological order (2015–2018) and increasing degree of immersion and interaction. For exhibition one (“step-in/Ideal Spaces”), we built a CAVE-like “tryptic” projection showing linear pre-rendered videos of seven different built environments. In exhibition two (“fly-over/Super Nubibus”) we build a replica of a hot-air-balloon and let people experience architecture from birds eye view using a HMD. Exhibition three (“cruise/Biketopia”) is also an immersive VR using a HMD, but from a very different angle. Here we use a bike to let people actively explore a space by regulating speed and direction of the bike. By using the discreet method of observation, we ensured that the visitors were not disturbed in their experience, which in turn would falsify our findings. So we are able to compare and discuss these three approaches in regards to the above mentioned criteria within this paper.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Soneson, Thore, et al.
(author)
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VR situated simulations
- 2020
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In: Interactivity, Game Creation, Design, Learning, and Innovation. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030532949 ; , s. 730-738
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The paper is authored by Michael Johansson, Thore Soneson, Kerstin Ahlqvist, Barbro Bruce, and Camilla Siotis Ekberg and titled VR Situated Simulations. Here, the authors discusses experiences from developing mediated learning situations in a VR-filmedcontext. They argue for how such productions require approaches based on co-designand innovative team constellations including knowledge and skills from different areasto join forces for adequate VR solutions. In the chapter, the authors describe the processof developing VR learning situations by being inspired by related studies in the fieldof collaborative design, where various stakeholders were engaged in different parts ofthe production; from scriptwriting for interactive media, to creating and editing specificcase studies in an interactive VR format, and, also, gathering students’ experiences ofthe scripts and case studies. Based on this, the authors argue that 3D environments forreflection and discussion can be combined to form a common knowledge base in differentfields of application, e.g. in the areas of education and Human Resources. Further, it isemphasised that simulations of authentic and real situations have an immersive potentialto create pedagogical innovations
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| 30. |
- Soneson, Thore, 1953-, et al.
(author)
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‘Wanderlost’ : a participatory art and design endeavor
- 2018
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In: Mediterranean cities and island communities. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319994444 - 9783319994437 ; , s. 135-160
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- ‘Wanderlost’ addresses the growing complexity of life in today’s city spaces and the imminent challenges to the development of the urban environment. It delineates experiences gained from a project’s work, which incorporated workshops, artists’ collaborations, interactive participatory setups in public, theatre and performance spaces. It is a result of two public workshops in the end of the four-year-long period in the People Smart Sculpture (PS2) framework in the cities of Kristianstad and Copenhagen, with public events in April/May 2017 and October 2017. In this article we discuss how the project was prepared, set-up and implemented. We call this storyworld ‘Wanderlost’, developed from the project CubeX “The Journey to Abadyl”. We describe this work in the sections Collaboration, Research and Methods to show how we draw knowledge, methods and research from our work in the collaborative network PRAMnet in developing participatory concepts using a virtual city, the city of Abadyl as a backdrop. We put forward our models for engaging participation in a storyworld to imagine the world and our relations anew. We conclude that the ‘Wanderlost’ concept and project can be reused and re-situated in other contexts and environments; keeping the fundamental three formats with a digitally mediated tool, physical guides and explorative walks and a map of amusing and provoking artworks as a matrix.
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| 31. |
- Song, Inseon, et al.
(author)
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Heparan sulfates regulate axonal excitability and context generalization through CA2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
- 2023
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In: Cells. - : MDPI. - 2073-4409. ; 12:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our previous studies demonstrated that enzymatic removal of highly sulfated heparan sulfates with heparinase 1 impaired axonal excitability and reduced expression of ankyrin G at the axon initial segments in the CA1 region of the hippocampus ex vivo, impaired context discrimination in vivo, and increased Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activity in vitro. Here, we show that in vivo delivery of heparinase 1 in the CA1 region of the hippocampus elevated autophosphorylation of CaMKII 24 h after injection in mice. Patch clamp recording in CA1 neurons revealed no significant heparinase effects on the amplitude or frequency of miniature excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents, while the threshold for action potential generation was increased and fewer spikes were generated in response to current injection. Delivery of heparinase on the next day after contextual fear conditioning induced context overgeneralization 24 h after injection. Co-administration of heparinase with the CaMKII inhibitor (autocamtide-2-related inhibitory peptide) rescued neuronal excitability and expression of ankyrin G at the axon initial segment. It also restored context discrimination, suggesting the key role of CaMKII in neuronal signaling downstream of heparan sulfate proteoglycans and highlighting a link between impaired CA1 pyramidal cell excitability and context generalization during recall of contextual memories.
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| 32. |
- Thurston, Charlotte, et al.
(author)
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Mobile health to promote physical activity in people post stroke or transient ischemic attack : study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial
- 2023
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In: BMC Neurology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2377. ; 23:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Physical activity is essential to improve health and reduce the risk of recurrence of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Still, people post stroke or TIA are often physically inactive and the availability of physical activity promotion services are often limited. This study builds on an existing Australian telehealth-delivered programme (i-REBOUND– Let’s get moving) which provides support for home-based physical activity for people post stroke or TIA. The aim of this study is to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a mobile Health (mHealth) version of the i-REBOUND programme for the promotion of physical activity in people post stroke or TIA living in Sweden.Methods: One hundred and twenty participants with stroke or TIA will be recruited via advertisement. A parallel-group feasibility randomised controlled trial design with a 1:1 allocation ratio to 1) i-REBOUND programme receiving physical exercise and support for sustained engagement in physical activity through behavioural change techniques, or 2) behavioural change techniques for physical activity. Both interventions will proceed for six months and be delivered digitally through a mobile app. The feasibility outcomes (i.e., reach, adherence, safety and fidelity) will be monitored throughout the study. Acceptability will be assessed using the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire and further explored through qualitative interviews with a subset of both study participants and the physiotherapists delivering the intervention. Clinical outcomes on preliminary effects of the intervention will include blood pressure, engagement in physical activity, self-perceived exercise self-efficacy, fatigue, depression, anxiety, stress and health-related quality of life and will be measured at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months after the baseline assessments.Discussion: We hypothesise that the mHealth delivery of the i-REBOUND programme will be feasible and acceptable in people post stroke/TIA living in rural and urban regions of Sweden. The results of this feasibility trial will inform the development of full-scale and appropriately powered trial to test the effects and costs of mHealth delivered physical activity for people after stroke or TIA.
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| 33. |
- Wallin, Anders, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Cognitive medicine - a new approach in health care science.
- 2018
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In: BMC psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-244X. ; 18:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The challenges of today's society call for more knowledge about how to maintain all aspects of cognitive health, such as speed/attention, memory/learning, visuospatial ability, language, executive capacity and social cognition during the life course.Medical advances have improved treatments of numerous diseases, but the cognitive implications have not been sufficiently addressed. Disability induced by cognitive dysfunction is also a major issue in groups of patients not suffering from Alzheimer's disease or related disorders. Recent studies indicate that several negative lifestyle factors can contribute to the development of cognitive impairment, but intervention and prevention strategies have not been implemented. Disability due to cognitive failure among the workforce has become a major challenge. Globally, the changing aging pyramid results in increased prevalence of cognitive disorders, and the diversity of cultures influences the expression, manifestation and consequences of cognitive dysfunction.Major tasks in the field of cognitive medicine are basic neuroscience research to uncover diverse disease mechanisms, determinations of the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction, health-economical evaluations, and intervention studies. Raising awareness for cognitive medicine as a clinical topic would also highlight the importance of specialized health care units for an integrative approach to the treatment of cognitive dysfunctions.
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| 34. |
- Yelhekar, Tushar D., 1984-, et al.
(author)
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How to Properly Measure a Current-Voltage Relation? -Interpolation vs. Ramp Methods Applied to Studies of GABA(A) Receptors
- 2016
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In: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1662-5102. ; 10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The relation between current and voltage, I-V relation, is central to functional analysis of membrane ion channels. A commonly used method, since the introduction of the voltage-clamp technique, to establish the I-V relation depends on the interpolation of current amplitudes recorded at different steady voltages. By a theoretical computational approach as well as by experimental recordings from GABA(A) receptor mediated currents in mammalian central neurons, we here show that this interpolation method may give reversal potentials and conductances that do not reflect the properties of the channels studied under conditions when ion flux may give rise to concentration changes. Therefore, changes in ion concentrations may remain undetected and conclusions on changes in conductance, such as during desensitization, may be mistaken. In contrast, an alternative experimental approach, using rapid voltage ramps, enable I-V relations that much better reflect the properties of the studied ion channels.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Zamora-Ros, Raul, et al.
(author)
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Differences in dietary intakes, food sources and determinants of total flavonoids between Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study
- 2013
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In: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662 .- 0007-1145. ; 109:8, s. 1498-1507
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A greater adherence to the traditional Mediterranean (MED) diet is associated with a reduced risk of developing chronic diseases. This dietary pattern is based on higher consumption of plant products that are rich in flavonoids. We compared the total flavonoid dietary intakes, their food sources and various lifestyle factors between MED and non-MED countries participating in the EPIC study. Flavonoid intakes and their food sources for 35 628 subjects, aged 35-74 years and recruited between 1992 and 2000, in twenty-six study centres were estimated using standardised 24 h dietary recall software (EPIC-Soft (R)). An ad hoc food composition database on flavonoids was compiled using analytical data from the United States Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases. Moreover, it was expanded to include using recipes, estimations of missing values and flavonoid retention factors. No significant differences in total flavonoid mean intake between non-MED countries (373.7 mg/d) and MED countries (370.2 mg/d) were observed. In the non-MED region, the main contributors were proanthocyanidins (48.2 %) and flavan-3-ol monomers (24.9 %) and the principal food sources were tea (25.7 %) and fruits (32.8 %). In the MED region, proanthocyanidins (59.0 %) were by far the most abundant contributor and fruits (55.1 %), wines (16.7 %) and tea (6.8 %) were the main food sources. The present study shows similar results for total dietary flavonoid intakes, but significant differences in flavonoid class intakes, food sources and some characteristics between MED and non-MED countries. These differences should be considered in studies about the relationships between flavonoid intake and chronic diseases.
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| 37. |
- Åberg, Kristoffer, et al.
(author)
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Experiences from formative learning assessment supported by digital tools
- 2020
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In: EDULEARN20 Proceedings. - 9788409179794 ; , s. 3161-3171
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Learning assessment constitutes an essential pedagogical ability in a teacher’s toolbox in order to further student learning and development and to adapt teaching to the needs of the students. To enable this, learning outcomes and grading criteria are used in the formative assessment of students’ performance to support the learning process, as well as in the summative assessment of the actual outcome for grading. Learning outcomes may be represented in various forms, typically scoring rubrics. Current research literature discusses the positive and negative merits of criterion-based scoring rubrics versus holistic assessment. There is also the matter of grading reliability among teachers and a shared understanding of student performance among teachers and students. Digitalization has become an essential part of higher education and distance learning, especially so in our field of digital design. A relevant issue in this context is how digital solutions may enhance formative learning assessment in particular. As is common practice within our field, within the study we designed, developed, and experimented with a digital tool in the form of a visual radar chart representation. The radar chart was based both on work done by teachers and a student thesis work and was used in several courses for teacher assessment as well as self- and peer assessment by students. This work provided the opportunity for reflection as well as analytical assessment, which in turn had the potential in guiding teachers to critically question and discuss the intended learning outcomes and grading criteria. The study has resulted in a variety of identified problems, reflections, and insights that teachers are continuously confronted with, but not necessarily always conscious about when using intended learning outcomes as a basis for communicating formative assessments to students. By visually and holistically communicating students’ strengths and areas for development over time, we found the potential to increase students’ shared awareness of their learning progress and also further the development of curricula. The study has implications for teacher and student awareness of student performance and learning, curriculum development, and digital assessment tools.
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