| 1. |
- Johansson, Maria U, et al.
(author)
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Structure, specificity, and mode of interaction for bacterial albumin-binding modules.
- 2002
-
In: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 1083-351X .- 0021-9258. ; 277:10, s. 8114-8120
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have determined the solution structure of an albumin binding domain of protein G, a surface protein of group C and G streptococci. We find that it folds into a left handed three-helix bundle similar to the albumin binding domain of protein PAB from Peptostreptococcus magnus. The two domains share 59% sequence identity, are thermally very stable, and bind to the same site on human serum albumin. The albumin binding site, the first determined for this structural motif known as the GA module, comprises residues spanning the first loop to the beginning of the third helix and includes the most conserved region of GA modules. The two GA modules have different affinities for albumin from different species, and their albumin binding patterns correspond directly to the host specificity of C/G streptococci and P. magnus, respectively. These studies of the evolution, structure, and binding properties of the GA module emphasize the power of bacterial adaptation and underline ecological and medical problems connected with the use of antibiotics.
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| 2. |
- Borota, Ljubisa, et al.
(author)
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Successful treatment of a ruptured aneurysm at the vertebral artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery junction and simultaneous treatment of the stenotic vertebral artery with a single flow-diverting stent : a case report
- 2014
-
In: Journal of Medical Case Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1752-1947. ; 8, s. 172-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION:This is the first report on the simultaneous successful treatment of a large ruptured saccular aneurysm and stenotic parent artery with a single flow-diverting stent.CASE PRESENTATION:We report the case of a 68-year-old Caucasian man with occlusion of the right vertebral artery and a ruptured aneurysm at the junction of the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery-left vertebral artery that was successfully treated by the deployment of a single flow-diverting stent in the stenotic left vertebral artery. Stent deployment was complicated by thrombotic occlusion of the basilar artery, which was successfully reopened. The patient recovered completely, and follow-up angiography at 4 months and 1 year showed patent vertebral artery with gradual shrinkage of the aneurysm.CONCLUSIONS:This report contributes to the literature on treatment of large ruptured aneurysms localized in stenotic arteries and in areas of the endocranium where a mass of embolic material in the aneurysm (coils) might compromise the circulation in the parent blood vessel or compress vital brain structures.
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| 3. |
- Lindvall, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Long-Term Follow-Up of Intracranial Aneurysms Treated With Endovascular Coiling : Experience From One Institution
- 2012
-
In: Vascular and endovascular surgery. - : SAGE Publications. - 1538-5744 .- 1938-9116. ; 46:4, s. 325-328
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Our aim was to evaluate the long-term treatment results in patients with intracranial aneurysms treated with endovascular techniques. Methods: Forty-four patients treated due to intracranial aneurysms between 1996 and 2002 were investigated with a time-of-flight sequence magnetic resonance angiography (TOF MRA). Results: Depending on the assessment, 47% to 51% of the treated aneurysms had a residual neck at the last digital subtraction angiography follow-up. There was filling of the aneurysm base (2%) in only 1 patient, whereas the remaining aneurysms were totally occluded. A TOF MRA performed 6 to 14 (mean 9.68) years after the last procedure showed a stable result in 93.9% of the treated aneurysms. There were no de novo aneurysms and previously untreated aneurysms were unchanged in size. Conclusion: Our long-term follow-up showed a stable result in previously coiled intracranial aneurysms.
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| 4. |
- Räftegård, Oskar, et al.
(author)
-
Energin under mark ska upp till ytan : Strategisk innovationsagenda för geoenergi
- 2016
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Swedish Strategic Innovation Agenda for Geoenergy develops a strategy for highlighting the need for geoenergy research, development and innovation in relation to the business community and authorities. Sweden has a strong global position in the field. Geothermal energy is the thirdlargest renewable energy source in Sweden, along with wind power. Currently, approximately 18 TWh of renewable heat per year is supplied to household, industrial and commercial buildings. In addition, there is 12 TWh of cooling. There is a great need for a longterm strategy and financial plan for geoenergy research and innovation in Sweden, in order to maintain and further develop research groups and the country's leading position in the field. Today, Swedish research in this field comprises about 14 fulltime positions at universities, institutes and companies. This is little compared to the existing use of geothermal energy, about 19 TWh, which is worth about 15 billion SEK in consumer sales. It is also little in relation to possible future contributions to sustainable development in Sweden and abroad. The agenda is divided into short independent chapters that are tailored to different target groups/ applications. Each chapter consists of an introduction to the current situation, how geoenergy can strategically contribute to a sustainable society, and what actions/needs are a priority.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Stahl, Stefan, et al.
(author)
-
Recombinant expression of insulin C-peptide
- 1997
-
Patent (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- The invention relates to a method for the preparation of insulin C-peptide which includes expressing in a host cell of a multimer polypeptide containing copies of the insulin C-peptide, and degradation of the expressed polypeptide for the release of individual copies of the insulin C-peptide. The invention also relates to molecules of the nucleinic acid, to vectors of expression and host cells for the application of this method and to multimer insulin C-polypeptide expressed and degraded in accordance with the method. 21 claims
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bergström, Göran, et al.
(author)
-
Self-Report Tool for Identification of Individuals With Coronary Atherosclerosis : The Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study
- 2024
-
In: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 13:14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Coronary atherosclerosis detected by imaging is a marker of elevated cardiovascular risk. However, imaging involves large resources and exposure to radiation. The aim was, therefore, to test whether nonimaging data, specifically data that can be self-reported, could be used to identify individuals with moderate to severe coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used data from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study) in individuals with coronary computed tomography angiography (n=25 182) and coronary artery calcification score (n=28 701), aged 50 to 64 years without previous ischemic heart disease. We developed a risk prediction tool using variables that could be assessed from home (self-report tool). For comparison, we also developed a tool using variables from laboratory tests, physical examinations, and self-report (clinical tool) and evaluated both models using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, external validation, and benchmarked against factors in the pooled cohort equation. The self-report tool (n=14 variables) and the clinical tool (n=23 variables) showed high-to-excellent discriminative ability to identify a segment involvement score ≥4 (area under the curve 0.79 and 0.80, respectively) and significantly better than the pooled cohort equation (area under the curve 0.76, P<0.001). The tools showed a larger net benefit in clinical decision-making at relevant threshold probabilities. The self-report tool identified 65% of all individuals with a segment involvement score ≥4 in the top 30% of the highest-risk individuals. Tools developed for coronary artery calcification score ≥100 performed similarly. CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a self-report tool that effectively identifies individuals with moderate to severe coronary atherosclerosis. The self-report tool may serve as prescreening tool toward a cost-effective computed tomography-based screening program for high-risk individuals.
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| 9. |
- Björk, Per, et al.
(author)
-
Conjugated polythiophene probes target lysosome-related acidic vacuoles in cultured primary cells
- 2007
-
In: Molecular and Cellular Probes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0890-8508. ; 21:5-6, s. 329-337
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Conformation-sensitive optical probes for studying biological processes and structures are of great interest. The present work shows for the first time that conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) probes can be used for specific targeting of chromatin, nuclear and cytoplasmatic vesicles, and cytoskeletal components in a complex system of cultured cells. One of the probes could also be used for vital staining of live cells. When bound to different entities, the polythiophene derivative probes emitted light with different colors due to the unique spectral properties of these conformation sensitive probes. The physical pre-requisites for binding could also be exploited for characterization of the target. Unexpectedly, lysosome-related acidic vacuoles were targeted in cultured primary cells by both anionic, cationic, and zwitter-ionic polythiophene derivatives. Pre-treatment with Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase, caused redistribution of the staining. The targeting of lysosome-related acidic vesicles could not be demonstrated in transformed cells (melanoma, neuroblastoma, and prostate cancer cell lines), indicating a difference in the localization, structure, accessibility, or quantity of the target in cultured normal cells as compared with the malignant cell lines. The chemical nature of the conjugated polyelectrolyte complex in the cytoplasmatic vacuoles remains elusive.
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| 10. |
- Borota, Ljubisa, et al.
(author)
-
Spontaneous resorption of intradural lumbar disc fragments
- 2008
-
In: The spine journal. - New York : Elsevier Science Inc.. - 1529-9430 .- 1878-1632. ; 8:2, s. 397-403
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background context: Intradural disc herniation is relatively rare complication of the spinal degenerative process that occurs most frequently in the lumbar part of the spine. Both myelographic and magnetic resonance features of this entity have been described, and the mechanism of intradural herniation has already been proposed and generally accepted. In this article, we present a case of spontaneous resorption of an intradural, fragmented intervertebral disc. Spontaneous resorption of intradural disc fragments has not been previously reported.Purpose: To discuss a possible mechanism of spontaneous resorption of the subdural disc fragments.Study design: Case report and literature review.Methods: Radiological follow-up of a 46-year-old man with the intradural herniation of disc fragments.Conclusion: The reaction generated by the meninges might lead to the complete resorption of intrathecally localized disc fragments.
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| 11. |
- Chung, Rosanna, et al.
(author)
-
Liberation of lutein from spinach : Effects of heating time, microwavereheating and liquefaction
- 2019
-
In: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 277, s. 573-578
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Lutein, abundant in dark leafy vegetables, has been associated with several health promoting effects. Still, to what extent different preparation conditions and practices affect the liberation of lutein from food is not fully understood. Here, we compared a range of domestic methods under realistic conditions to prepare spinach, the most common lutein-rich vegetable. After preparations, samples were processed by in vitro digestion and lutein was quantified by HPLC. Data indicate that short-term and medium-term heating of spinach, independent of heating method, substantially reduced liberated lutein and reduction was most pronounced after long boiling times. Interestingly, the loss of lutein in heated samples was partly compensated when samples were reheated in the microwave. However, the highest yield of liberated lutein was obtained from liquefied spinach. Additional dairy enhanced the liquefaction effect. Thus, for optimal liberation of lutein, liquefaction of raw spinach appears to be the method of choice.
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| 12. |
- Chung, Rosanna W S, et al.
(author)
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Lutein exerts anti-inflammatory effects in patients with coronary artery disease.
- 2017
-
In: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 262, s. 87-93
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Many coronary artery disease (CAD) patients exhibit chronic low-grade inflammation. Carotenoids are anti-oxidants with potential anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we first assessed relationships between interleukin (IL)-6 and individual carotenoids in plasma from CAD patients. Based on the results, we proceeded to assess anti-inflammatory effects of one carotenoid, lutein, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from CAD patients.METHODS: Lutein + zeaxanthin (isomers with lutein being dominant), β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, α- and β-carotene and IL-6 were measured in plasma from 134 patients with stable angina (SA) and 59 patients with acute coronary syndrome. In 42 patients, plasma measurements were also performed 3 months after coronary intervention. PBMCs from SA patients were pre-treated with lutein (1, 5 and 25 μM) for 24 h followed by 24 h incubation ± lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell pellets were collected for IL-6, IL-1β and TNF mRNA and intracellular lutein. Cytokine secretion was measured in cell media.RESULTS: Only lutein + zeaxanthin were inversely correlated with IL-6 in SA patients at baseline (r = -0.366, p < 0.001) and follow-up (r = -0.546, p < 0.001). Ex vivo, lutein was taken up by PBMCs from SA patients in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Pre-treatment with lutein dose-dependently lowered LPS-induced secretion of IL-6, IL-1β (p < 0.01) and TNF (p < 0.05), and also reduced IL-6, IL-1β and TNF mRNA expression (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Clinical findings highlighted the inverse association between lutein and IL-6 in CAD patients. Anti-inflammatory effects of lutein in PBMCs from CAD patients were consolidated in ex vivo experiments. Taken together, these results show that lutein has the potential to play a role in resolution of chronic inflammation in CAD patients.
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| 13. |
- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(author)
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Ledarskap i äldreomsorgen: Att leda integrerat värdeskapande i en röra av värden och förutsättningar
- 2016
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Det övergripande syftet med denna rapport är att beskriva chefers etiska värderingar, dilemman och organisatoriska förutsättningar för att bedriva ett värdebaserat ledarskap i såväl kommunal som privat äldreomsorg. Det empiriska materialet består av en omfattande enkätstudie till nästan 500 studerande inom ramen för den nationella ledarutbildningen för chefer inom äldreomsorgen vid Högskolan i Borås under perioden 2013 till 2015. Utbildningen gavs på uppdrag av Socialstyrelsen och omfattade 30 högskolepoäng med två års studier på kvartsfart. Samtliga studerande var yrkesverksamma som chefer och ledare inom kommunal eller privat äldreomsorg i södra Sverige. Metoder som använts i bearbetning och analys av materialet är deskriptiva, jämförande och analytiska med regressionsmodeller och SEM-analys. Resultatet visar på att cheferna – oavsett utbildningsbakgrund, värderade följande etiska värden högst: att inte skada, respekt för individen och rätten till konfidentialitet. Värdedilemman i chefsarbetet är dock vanligt och sammanlänkat med andra utmaningar i arbetet, särskilt med utmaningar som rör hantering över organisationsnivåer (buffertproblem och containerproblem) och av olika ansvarsområden (logikkonflikter). Inom privat verksamhet skattade de medverkande cheferna värdekonflikter och andra utmaningar i lägre grad än chefer inom kommunal verksamhet. De flesta chefer var nöjda med hur de kunde fullfölja sitt ansvar för utveckling av verksamheten avseende värdegrund, kvalitet, processer, dagligt arbete, brukarmedverkan, brukarsäkerhet och arbetsmiljö. De flesta skattade också att de arbetade i mycket hög grad med strukturering och utveckling av dessa frågor. Stödresurser minskade upplevelsen av värdekonflikter, men det fanns skillnad i betydelsen relaterat till chefers grundprofession. Det organisatoriska stödet var också tydligare för chefer inom privat verksamhet. Organiserade stödresurser hade stor betydelse för hållbart integrerat och värdeskapande ledarskap samt för aktiva ledningsstrategier. Även sambandet mellan hållbart ledarskap och aktiva ledarstrategier modererades av grundprofession, där sambandet var moderat negativt för chefer med social grundutbildning. Det tycks således finnas ett utbildningsbehov bland äldreomsorgens chefer och behov av ett utvecklat stöd från arbets- givaren då det varierar avseende omfattning, inriktning och nivå mellan kommunal och privat verksamhet. Sammanfattningsvis har chefer i äldreomsorgen många olika värden, på olika nivåer och utifrån olika perspektiv att förhålla sig till i sitt ledarskap. Att hantera och utveckla förståelse för dessa är utmanande i chefskapet och värdedilemman är vanliga. Majoriteten av cheferna i denna studie beskriver dock generellt en aktiv och god hantering och organisering av dessa. Konstateras att en integrerad förståelse och hantering, samt goda organisatoriska stödresurser tycks bidra till mer hållbart och värdeskapande ledarskap.
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| 14. |
- Dogan, Jakob, et al.
(author)
-
Binding Rate Constants Reveal Distinct Features of Disordered Protein Domains
- 2015
-
In: Biochemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0006-2960 .- 1520-4995. ; 54:30, s. 4741-4750
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are abundant in the proteome and involved in key cellular functions. However, experimental data about the binding kinetics of IDPs as a function of different environmental conditions are scarce. We have performed an extensive characterization of the ionic strength dependence of the interaction between the molten globular nuclear co-activator binding domain (NCBD) of CREB binding protein and five different protein ligands, including the intrinsically disordered activation domain of p160 transcriptional co-activators (SRC1, TIF2, ACTR), the p53 transactivation domain, and the folded pointed domain (PNT) of transcription factor ETS-2. Direct comparisons of the binding rate constants under identical conditions show that the association rate constant, k(on), for interactions between NCBD and disordered protein domains is high at low salt concentrations (90-350 x 10(6) M-1 s(-1) at 4 degrees C) but is reduced significantly (10-30-fold) with an increasing ionic strength and reaches a plateau around physiological ionic strength. In contrast, the k(on) for the interaction between NCBD and the folded PNT domain is only 7 x 10(6) M-1 s(-1) (4 degrees C and low salt) and displays weak ionic strength dependence, which could reflect a distinctly different association that relies less on electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, the basal rate constant (in the absence of electrostatic interactions) is high for the NCBD interactions, exceeding those typically observed for folded proteins. One likely interpretation is that disordered proteins have a large number of possible collisions leading to a productive on-pathway encounter complex, while folded proteins are more restricted in terms of orientation. Our results highlight the importance of electrostatic interactions in binding involving IDPs and emphasize the significance of including ionic strength as a factor in studies that compare the binding properties of IDPs to those of ordered proteins.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Ericsson, Olle, et al.
(author)
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Clinical validation of a novel automated cell-free DNA screening assay for trisomies 21, 13, and 18 in maternal plasma.
- 2019
-
In: Prenatal diagnosis. - : Wiley. - 1097-0223 .- 0197-3851. ; 39:11, s. 1011-1015
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To evaluate clinical performance of a new automated cell-free (cf)DNA assay in maternal plasma screening for trisomies 21, 18, and 13, and to determine fetal sex.Maternal plasma samples from 1200 singleton pregnancies were analyzed with a new non-sequencing cfDNA method, which is based on imaging and counting specific chromosome targets. Reference outcomes were determined by either cytogenetic testing, of amniotic fluid or chorionic villi, or clinical examination of neonates.The samples examined included 158 fetal aneuploidies. Sensitivity was 100% (112/112) for trisomy 21, 89% (32/36) for trisomy 18, and 100% (10/10) for trisomy 13. The respective specificities were 100%, 99.5%, and 99.9%. There were five first pass failures (0.4%), all in unaffected pregnancies. Sex classification was performed on 979 of the samples and 99.6% (975/979) provided a concordant result.The new automated cfDNA assay has high sensitivity and specificity for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 and accurate classification of fetal sex, while maintaining a low failure rate. The study demonstrated that cfDNA testing can be simplified and automated to reduce cost and thereby enabling wider population-based screening.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Eriksson, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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Static platelet adhesion, flow cytometry and serum TXB2 levels for monitoring platelet inhibiting treatment with ASA and clopidogrel in coronary artery disease : a randomised cross-over study
- 2009
-
In: Journal of Translational Medicine. - : BioMed Central. - 1479-5876. ; 7:42
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Despite the use of anti-platelet agents such as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and clopidogrel in coronary heart disease, some patients continue to suffer from atherothrombosis. This has stimulated development of platelet function assays to monitor treatment effects. However, it is still not recommended to change treatment based on results from platelet function assays. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of a static platelet adhesion assay to detect platelet inhibiting effects of ASA and clopidogrel. The adhesion assay measures several aspects of platelet adhesion simultaneously, which increases the probability of finding conditions sensitive for anti-platelet treatment. Methods: With a randomised cross-over design we evaluated the anti-platelet effects of ASA combined with clopidogrel as well as monotherapy with either drug alone in 29 patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome. Also, 29 matched healthy controls were included to evaluate intra-individual variability over time. Platelet function was measured by flow cytometry, serum thromboxane B-2 (TXB2)-levels and by static platelet adhesion to different protein surfaces. The results were subjected to Principal Component Analysis followed by ANOVA, t-tests and linear regression analysis. Results: The majority of platelet adhesion measures were reproducible in controls over time denoting that the assay can monitor platelet activity. Adenosine 5-diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet adhesion decreased significantly upon treatment with clopidogrel compared to ASA. Flow cytometric measurements showed the same pattern (r(2) = 0.49). In opposite, TXB2-levels decreased with ASA compared to clopidogrel. Serum TXB2 and ADP-induced platelet activation could both be regarded as direct measures of the pharmacodynamic effects of ASA and clopidogrel respectively. Indirect pharmacodynamic measures such as adhesion to albumin induced by various soluble activators as well as SFLLRN-induced activation measured by flow cytometry were lower for clopidogrel compared to ASA. Furthermore, adhesion to collagen was lower for ASA and clopidogrel combined compared with either drug alone. Conclusion: The indirect pharmacodynamic measures of the effects of ASA and clopidogrel might be used together with ADP-induced activation and serum TXB2 for evaluation of anti-platelet treatment. This should be further evaluated in future clinical studies where screening opportunities with the adhesion assay will be optimised towards increased sensitivity to anti-platelet treatment.
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| 19. |
- Feldwisch, Joachim, et al.
(author)
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Design of an optimized scaffold for affibody molecules.
- 2010
-
In: Journal of Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2836 .- 1089-8638. ; 398:2, s. 232-247
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Affibody molecules are non-immunoglobulin-derived affinity proteins based on a three-helical bundle protein domain. Here, we describe the design process of an optimized Affibody molecule scaffold with improved properties and a surface distinctly different from that of the parental scaffold. The improvement was achieved by applying an iterative process of amino acid substitutions in the context of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-specific Affibody molecule Z(HER2:342). Replacements in the N-terminal region, loop 1, helix 2 and helix 3 were guided by extensive structural modeling using the available structures of the parent Z domain and Affibody molecules. The effect of several single substitutions was analyzed followed by combination of up to 11 different substitutions. The two amino acid substitutions N23T and S33K accounted for the most dramatic improvements, including increased thermal stability with elevated melting temperatures of up to +12 degrees C. The optimized scaffold contains 11 amino acid substitutions in the nonbinding surface and is characterized by improved thermal and chemical stability, as well as increased hydrophilicity, and enables generation of identical Affibody molecules both by chemical peptide synthesis and by recombinant bacterial expression. A HER2-specific Affibody tracer, [MMA-DOTA-Cys61]-Z(HER2:2891)-Cys (ABY-025), was produced by conjugating MMA-DOTA (maleimide-monoamide-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) to the peptide produced either chemically or in Escherichia coli. ABY-025 showed high affinity and specificity for HER2 (equilibrium dissociation constant, K(D), of 76 pM) and detected HER2 in tissue sections of SKOV-3 xenograft and human breast tumors. The HER2-binding capacity was fully retained after three cycles of heating to 90 degrees C followed by cooling to room temperature. Furthermore, the binding surfaces of five Affibody molecules targeting other proteins (tumor necrosis factor alpha, insulin, Taq polymerase, epidermal growth factor receptor or platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta) were grafted onto the optimized scaffold, resulting in molecules with improved thermal stability and a more hydrophilic nonbinding surface.
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| 20. |
-
Forskning i Praksis : Teoretiske Perspektiv på Landsbygdsutvikling i Interreg prosjektet LISA
- 2012
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Editorial collection (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Interreg prosjektet Landsbygdsutvikling i Skandinavia (LISA) avsluttes i 2012 etter tre års utviklings og forskningsarbeid på Landsbygden i Skandinavia. Prosjektet har skapt et samarbeid på tvers av landegrenser og institusjoner. 18 partnere fra kommuner, regionale aktører og forskningsinstitusjoner har vært involvert i prosjektet i tillegg til de mange lokale aktører på bygden. I februar 2012 inviterte forskningspartnerne til et dialogseminar i København for å presentere de forskningsperspektiver det er arbeidet med i LISA og samtidig skape en dialog om forskning og praksis i LISA. Formålet med denne rapporten er å oppsummere de presenterte forskningsperspektivene og videre formidle diskusjonene i skjæringspunktet mellom forskning og praksis som utviklet seg under dialogseminaret. Rapporten innleder med å gi en kort presentasjon av LISA og forskningspartnerne, og en kort introduksjon av de fire forskningsperspektivene i LISA. Heretter er rapporten oppbygget i samsvar med dagsordenen på Dialogseminaret. Hvert forskningsperspektiv presenteres og de etterfølgende diskusjoner oppsummeres. Avslutningsvis oppsummeres noen av de generelle trekk som kan utledes av diskusjonene i skjæringspunktet mellom teori og praksis.
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| 21. |
- Fredriksson, A., et al.
(author)
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Labeling of human C-peptide by conjugation with N-succinimidyl-4- F-18 fluorobenzoate
- 2001
-
In: Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals. - : Wiley. - 0362-4803 .- 1099-1344. ; 44:7, s. 509-519
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have labeled proinsulin connecting peptide (C-peptide) with fluorine-18 (t(1/2) = 109.7min) in order to perform in vivo biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies with position emission tomography (PET). This study reports the optimization of the conjugation labeling in the N-terminal with N-succinimidyl-4-[F-18]fluorobenzoate ([F-18]SFB). In preparative runs N-4-[F-18]fluorobenzoyl-C-peptide ([F-18]FB-C-peptide) was produced in 8-12% decay-corrected yields, counted from resolubilized [F-18]F-, in less than 5h. The specific radioactivity of [F-18]FB-C-peptide, determined using ELISA for one of the preparations, was around 70 GBq/mu mol at end of synthesis.
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| 22. |
- Grönwall, Caroline, et al.
(author)
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Affibody-mediated transferrin depletion for proteomics applications
- 2007
-
In: Biotechnology Journal. - : Wiley. - 1860-6768 .- 1860-7314. ; 2:11, s. 1389-1398
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An Affibody® (Affibody) ligand with specific binding to human transferrin was selected by phage display technology from a combinatorial protein library based on the staphylococcal protein A (SpA)-derived Z domain. Strong and selective binding of the selected Affibody ligand to transferrin was demonstrated using biosensor technology and dot blot analysis. Impressive specificity was demonstrated as transferrin was the only protein recovered by affinity chromatography from human plasma. Efficient Affibody-mediated capture of transferrin, combined with IgG- and HSA-depletion, was demonstrated for human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). For plasma, 85% of the total transferrin content in the samples was depleted after only two cycles of transferrin removal, and for CSF, 78% efficiency was obtained in single-step depletion. These results clearly suggest a potential for the development of Affibody-based resins for the removal of abundant proteins in proteomics analyses.
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| 23. |
- Gu, Weigang, et al.
(author)
-
Trombektomi gav gott resultat vid basilaristrombos : Förlängt tidsfönster för ingreppet föreslås
- 2014
-
In: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 111:27-28, s. 1188-1190
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Basilaristrombos är ett akut och livshotande tillstånd. Intravenös trombolys är förstahandsbehandling, men ibland kan det vara en fördel att kombinera eller ersätta behandlingen med trombektomi. Lyckade behandlingsresultat med trombektomi finns beskrivna ända upp till 12–24 timmar efter insjuknandet. I fallbeskrivningarna diskuteras basilaristrombos hos två patienter som insjuknat med oklar medvetandesänkning. DT-angiografi gav diagnosen, och trombektomi kunde utföras 10 respektive 13 timmar efter insjuknandet. Långtidsresultatet var gott. Slutsatsen är att DT alltid ska kompletteras med DT-angiografi vid utredning av en akut medvetandepåverkad patient. Trombektomi bör övervägas om basilaristrombos påvisas.
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| 24. |
- Haslund, Knut Per, et al.
(author)
-
Bra vallersättning och kompensationsstöd? : Hur kan olika utformningar påverka jordbruket, miljön, och samhällsekonomin?
- 2016
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Positiva och negativa miljöeffekterVallersättningen och kompensationsstödet leder båda till att arealen vall och antalet nötkreatur ökar kraftigt. Utredningen konstaterar att effekten av vallodling på biologisk mångfald, både när det gäller sällsynta arter och ekosystemtjänster, är otillräckligt känd. Kompensationsstödet gör det företagsekonomiskt lönsamt att hävda betydligt större areal permanent betesmark, men vallersättningen leder däremot till något lägre betesareal.Det svenska jordbrukets kväve- och fosforläckage har varit lägre under de bådaanalyserade programperioderna tack vare vallersättningen. Under perioden 2015–20 är kväveläckaget är lägre än vad det skulle ha varit utan stödet också i slättbygderna, till skillnad från i landsbygdsprogrammets föregåendeperiod 2007–14. Kompensationsstödet medför tvärtom att växtnäringsläckagetär högre än vad det skulle vara om stödet inte fanns. Användningen av växtskyddsmedel i jordbruket påverkas inte mycket av dessa stöd under perioden 2015–20. Kompensationsstödet har under båda perioderna medfört stora utsläpp av växthusgaser. Vallersättningen är däremot bra ur klimatsynpunkt, om än inte lika starkt under perioden 2015–20 som under den föregående perioden. Stödens klimatpåverkan sker huvudsakligen genom att påverka mängden kol bundet i marken och antalet nötkreatur som avger växthusgasen metan, medan deras inverkan på jordbrukets användning av fossilbränsle till traktorer och annat är liten i sammanhanget. Kompensationsstödet är samhällsekonomiskt olönsamtVallersättningen medförde stora samhällsekonomiska förluster i början av perioden 2007–10, men efter ändrade stödregler och med högre världsmarknadspriser blev den i stället mycket lönsam. Även under innevarande programperiod 2015–20 har den en viss samhällsekonomisk lönsamhet. Kompensationsstödet ger dock stora samhällsekonomiska förluster, både under perioden 2007–14 och 2015–20. Samhällsekonomiskt sett vore det bra att halvera båda stöden. Kompensationsstödet ger många extra arbetstillfällen i områden med sämre förutsättningar för odling men till hög samhällsekonomisk kostnad. En del av kostnaden är att kompensationsstödet sammanvägt medför ökad miljöbelastning. Per budgetkrona var dock kostnaden relativt låg jämfört med andra arbetsmarknadspolitiska åtgärder. Störst betydelse för stödens samhällsekonomiska lönsamhet är deras klimateffekter, att deras skattefinansiering ger förluster i annan verksamhet, och att de leder till mindre effektiv jordbruksproduktion av marknadsvaror. Effekterna av stöden beror mycket på de ekonomiska förutsättningarna i övrigt, till exempel prisnivån för jordbruksprodukter på världsmarknaden. Utfallet kan bli ett annat än väntat om förutsättningarna ändras under perioden. Detta hände under perioden 2007–2014.
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| 25. |
- Hasund, Knut Per, et al.
(author)
-
Vilka sysselsättnings-, miljö- och samhällsekonomiska effekter har jordbruksstöden?
- 2014
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Investeringsstöden för landsbygdsutveckling har miljöeffekter och ersättningar för miljöåtgärder påverkar sysselsättningen. För att kunna fördela CAP:s budgetmedel och utforma stöd och ersättningar optimalt måste deras sammantagna sysselsättningsoch samhällsekonomiska effekter tas med, inklusive effekter på miljö liksom jordbrukets kostnader och produktion av livsmedel. I den här studien har vi undersökt hur stora dessa korsvisa effekter på andra mål är, och vad det sammantagna utfallet är för gårdsstödet och ett urval stöd i landsbygdsprogrammet.
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| 26. |
- Hedekvist, Per Olof, et al.
(author)
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Progress report on low flow measurement based on optical characterization of gas density in vacuum
- 2010
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Reports (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With the aim to achieve a new primary standard for calibration of ultra-low gas flows (leaks) the research in determination of gas density using optical refractometry has progressed, resulting in an evaluation of the stability of the prototype and a refined theoretical analysis. Furthermore, a renewed literature search has revealed more relevant work and further knowledge is gained from these papers. The assembled prototype was known to be of proportions far from optimum, however the assumption that it would be sufficient to reach applicable results was too optimistic. The conclusion is to continue with the efforts, however with a new and improved prototype and an adjusted choice of mirror parameters, and this report summarizes the work as of spring 2010.
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| 27. |
- Hellman, Urban, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Transthyretin Glu54Leu - an unknown mutation within the Swedish population associated with amyloid cardiomyopathy and a unique fibril type
- 2019
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 79:6, s. 372-376
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For the first time, we report of a Swedish family of five individuals with a TTR Glu54Leu (p. Glu74Leu) mutation in the transthyretin gene. This mutation has been previously described a few times in the literature, but no phenotypic or clinical description has been done before. The most common mutation in the Swedish population is TTRVal30Met and is mostly found in the Northern part of Sweden. Interestingly, the TTRGlu54Leu mutation was found in the same endemic area. The main phenotype of the TTR Glu54Leu patients is severe cardiomyopathy, which resulted in heart transplantation for the index person. As previously seen for ATTR amyloidosis patients with mainly cardiomyopathy, the amyloid fibrils consisted of a mixture of full-length and fragmented TTR species. However, western blot analyses detected a previously unrecognized band, indicating that these patients may have a third, so far unrecognized, fibril composition type that is distinct from the usual type A band pattern.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Hjorth, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Serotonin and dopamine transporter availability in social anxiety disorder after combined treatment with escitalopram and cognitive-behavioral therapy
- 2022
-
In: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 12:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) are recommended treatments of social anxiety disorder (SAD), and often combined, but their effects on monoaminergic signaling are not well understood. In this multi-tracer positron emission tomography (PET) study, 24 patients with SAD were randomized to treatment with escitalopram+ICBT or placebo+ICBT under double-blind conditions. Before and after 9 weeks of treatment, patients were examined with positron emission tomography and the radioligands [11C]DASB and [11C]PE2I, probing the serotonin (SERT) and dopamine (DAT) transporter proteins respectively. Both treatment combinations resulted in significant improvement as measured by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). At baseline, SERT-DAT co-expression was high and, in the putamen and thalamus, co-expression showed positive associations with symptom severity. SERT-DAT co-expression was also predictive of treatment success, but predictor-outcome associations differed in direction between the treatments. After treatment, average SERT occupancy in the SSRI + ICBT group was >80%, with positive associations between symptom improvement and occupancy in the nucleus accumbens, putamen and anterior cingulate cortex. Following placebo+ICBT, SERT binding increased in the raphe nuclei. DAT binding increased in both groups in limbic and striatal areas, but relations with symptom improvement differed, being negative for SSRI + ICBT and positive for placebo + ICBT. Thus, serotonin-dopamine transporter co-expression exerts influence on symptom severity and remission rate in the treatment of social anxiety disorder. However, the monoamine transporters are modulated in dissimilar ways when cognitive-behavioral treatment is given concomitantly with either SSRI-medication or pill placebo.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Jacobson, Bengt J H, 1962, et al.
(author)
-
Compendium in Vehicle Motion Engineering
- 2021
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This compendium is written for the course “MMF062 Vehicle Motion Engineering” at Chalmers University of Technology. The compendium covers more than included in that course; both in terms of subsystem designs and in terms of some teasers for more advanced studies of vehicle dynamics. Therefore, it is also useful for the more advanced course “TME102 Vehicle Modelling and Control”. The overall objective of the compendium is to educate vehicle dynamists, i.e., engineers that understand and can contribute to development of good motion and energy functionality of vehicles. The compendium focuses on road vehicles, primarily passenger cars and commercial vehicles. Smaller road vehicles, such as bicycles and single-person cars, are only very briefly addressed. It should be mentioned that there exist a lot of ground-vehicle types not covered at all, such as: off-road/construction vehicles, tracked vehicles, horse wagons, hovercrafts, or railway vehicles. Functions are needed for requirement setting, design and verification. The overall order within the compendium is that models/methods/tools needed to understand each function are placed before the functions. Chapters 3-5 describes (complete vehicle) “functions”, organised after vehicle motion directions: · Chapter 3: Longitudinal dynamics · Chapter 4: Lateral dynamics · Chapter 5: Vertical dynamics Chapter 1 introduces automotive industry and the overall way of working there and defines required pre-knowledge from “product-generic” engineering, e.g. modelling of dynamic systems. Chapter 2 also describes the subsystems relevant for vehicle dynamics: • Wheels and Tyre • Suspension • Propulsion • Braking System • Steering System • Environment Sensing System
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| 32. |
- Joffrin, E., et al.
(author)
-
Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium-tritium operation with the ITER like-wall
- 2019
-
In: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 59:11
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D-T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D-T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D-T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme directly contributing to the D-T preparation. This intense preparation includes the review of the physics basis for the D-T operational scenarios, including the fusion power predictions through first principle and integrated modelling, and the impact of isotopes in the operation and physics of D-T plasmas (thermal and particle transport, high confinement mode (H-mode) access, Be and W erosion, fuel recovery, etc). This effort also requires improving several aspects of plasma operation for DTE2, such as real time control schemes, heat load control, disruption avoidance and a mitigation system (including the installation of a new shattered pellet injector), novel ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes (such as the three-ions scheme), new diagnostics (neutron camera and spectrometer, active Alfven eigenmode antennas, neutral gauges, radiation hard imaging systems...) and the calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics at 14 MeV for accurate fusion power measurement. The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D-T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D-T operation of ITER, and it is also foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas.
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| 33. |
- Johansson, Jörgen, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Slututvärdering av det svenska landsbygdsprogrammet 2007–2013 : DELRAPPORT IV : Synteser för en hållbar landsbygdsutveckling : Utvärdering av programmets samlade effekter
- 2017. - 1
-
Reports (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Denna rapport är en del av utvärderingen av landsbygdsprogrammet 2007–2013. Fyra grupper med forskare från universitet och högskolor har gjort slututvärderingen. Den publiceras i fyra delrapporter varav detta är en. Frågor som handlar om hela programmet besvaras huvudsakligen i delrapport IV. Frågor om enskilda åtgärder besvaras i de tre andra delrapporterna. En översikt av vilka frågor som besvaras i vilken rapport finns på följande sidor.Slututvärderingen görs för att besvara EU-gemensamma och specifika svenska utvärderingsfrågor om vilka effekter programmet har haft, i vilken utsträckning det har bidragit till att uppfylla målen och hur effektivt detta har gjorts.Utvärderingssekretariatet vid Jordbruksverket ansvarar för att de svenska EU-programmen där Jordbruksverket är förvaltande myndighet blir utvärderade. Det innebär att utvärderingssekretariatet beställer och genomför utvärderingar av landsbygdsprogrammet, havs- och fiskeriprogrammet samt programmet för lokalt ledd utveckling inom regionalfonden och socialfonden. Programmen utvärderas dels var för sig men också tillsammans. Utvärderingarna görs i relation till målen i programmen och de övergripande EU 2020-målen.De flesta utvärderingarna genomförs av externa aktörer. Vi tar hjälp av forskare för att kvalitetsgranska rapporterna innan de publiceras. I slutet av rapporterna finns ett utlåtande från granskarna. Rapporterna publiceras i en särskild rapportserie och rapportförfattarna är ansvariga för slutsatserna. Slutsatserna utgör inte Jordbruksverkets officiella ståndpunkt./Utvärderingssekretariatet vid Jordbruksverket
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| 34. |
- Jonasson, Lise-Lotte
(author)
-
A comprehensive picture of ethical values in caring encounters, based on experiences of those involved : Analysis of concepts developed from empirical studies
- 2011
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Older people should have a life with a sense of value and should feel confident. These ethical values, which are expressed in normative ethics, are expected to prevail in empirical ethics. Central components of nursing are the ethical issues of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and the principles of justice. The general aim of this thesis is to identify and describe the ethical values that are apparent in the caring encounter and their influence on the people involved. This is done from the perspective of the older person in study (I), next of kin in study (II) and nurses in study (III). In study (IV) the aim was to synthesize the concepts from empirical studies (I- III) and analyze, compare and interrelate them with normative ethics. Studies (I, III) were empirical observational studies including follow-up interviews. Twenty-two older people participated voluntarily in study (I), and in study (III) 20 nurses participated voluntarily. In study (II) fourteen next of kin were interviewed. In studies (I- III) constant comparative analysis, the core foundation of grounded theory, was used. Five concepts were used in the analysis in study (IV); three from the grounded theory studies (I- III) and two from the theoretical framework on normative ethics i.e. the ICN code and SFS law. Five categories; being addressed, receiving respect, desiring to participate, increasing self-determination and gaining self-confidence formed the basis for the core category ‚Approaching‛ in study (I). ‘Approaching’ indicates the ethical values that guide nurses in their caring encounters with older people. These ethical values are noted by the older people and are greatly appreciated by them, and also lead to improved quality of care. Four categories were identified in study (II): Receiving, showing respect, facilitating participation and showing professionalism. These categories formed the basis of the core category ‚Being amenable‛, a concept identified in the next of kin’s description of the ethical values that they and the older patients perceive in the caring encounter. In study (III), three categories were identified: showing consideration, connecting, and caring for. These categories formed the basis of the core category ‚Corroborating‛. Corroborating deals with support and interaction. Empirical ethics and normative ethics are intertwined, according to the findings of this study (IV). Normative ethics influence the nurse’s practical performance and could have a greater influence in supporting nurses as professionals. Criteria of good ethical care according to this thesis are: showing respect, invitation to participation, allowing self-determination, and providing safe and secure care. These criteria are elements of the concept of being professional. Professionalism of nurses is shown by: the approach nurses adapt to the performance of their duties, and their competence and knowledge, but also how they apply laws and professional codes
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| 35. |
- Jonasson, Lise-Lotte, 1956-, et al.
(author)
-
Corroborating indicates nurses' ethical values in a geriatric ward
- 2011
-
In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Stockholm (Järfälla), Sverige : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 6:3, s. -10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim. The aim of the study was to identify nurses’ ethical values, which become apparent through their behavior in the interactions with older patients in caring encounters at a geriatric clinic.Background. Descriptions of ethics in caring practice are a problem since they are vague compared with the four principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.Methods. A Grounded Theory methodology was used. In total, 65 observations and follow-up interviews with 20 nurses were conducted, and data were analysed by constant comparative analysis.Findings. Three categories were identified: showing consideration, connecting, and caring for. These categories formed the basis of the core category: “Corroborating”. In corroborating the focus is on the person in need of integrity and self-determination, that is, the autonomy principle. A similar concept was earlier described in regard to confirming. Corroborating deals more with support and interaction. It is not enough to be kind and show consideration, i.e. to benefit someone; nurses must also connect and care for the older person, i.e. demonstrate non-maleficence, in order to corroborate that person.Conclusion. The findings of this study can improve the ethics of nursing care. There is a need for research on development of a high standard of nursing care to corroborate the older patients in order to maintain their autonomy, beneficence and non-maleficence. The principal of justice was not specifically identified as a visible nursing action. However, all older patients received treatment, care and reception in an equivalent manner.
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| 36. |
- Jonasson, Lise-Lotte, et al.
(author)
-
Empirical and normative ethics : a synthesis relating to the care of older patients
- 2011
-
In: Nursing Ethics. - : Sage Publications. - 0969-7330 .- 1477-0989. ; 18:6, s. 814-824
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to synthesize the concepts from empirical studies and analyze, compare and interrelate them with normative ethics. International Council of nurses (ICN) and the Health and Medical Service Act are normative ethics. Five concepts were used in the analysis; three from the grounded theory studies and two from the theoretical framework on normative ethics. A simultaneous concept analysis resulted in five outcomes; interconnectedness, interdependence, corroboratedness, completeness and good care are all related to the empirical perspective of the nurse’s interaction with the older patient, and the normative perspective, i.e. that found in ICN code and SFS law. Empirical ethics and normative ethics are intertwined according to the findings of this study. Normative ethics are supporting documents for nurses as professionals and by extension also beneficial for older patients.
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| 37. |
- Jonasson, Lise-Lotte, 1956-
(author)
-
Ethical values in caring encounters from elderly patients’ and next of kin´s perspective
- 2009
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The welfare of the elderly population is one of the most important goals of the public health services. At macro level the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare state that the premier goal is for elderly people to have dignified and comfortable lives. They should have a life with a sense of value and feel confident. These ethical values which are expressed on macro level or as normative ethics are expected to prevail at micro level. In our study the micro level is the caring encounter between the elderly patient, next of kin and nurses. Ethical values and morals are important aspects that influence the quality of care, videlicet in empiric ethics.The aim of study (I) was to identify and describe the ethical values experienced by the older person in the daily interaction with nurses in a ward for older people during caring encounters. In study (II) the aim was to identify and describe the governing ethical values that next of kin experience in interaction with nurses who care for elderly patients at a geriatric clinic. Study (I) which was an empirical observational study included follow-up interviews. Twenty-two older people participated voluntarily. In study (II) interviews with fourteen next of kin were conducted. In both studies Constant comparative analysis, the core foundation of grounded theory was used.Five categories; Being addressed, receiving respect, desiring to participate, increasing self-determination and gaining self-confidence formed the basis for the core category in study (I): Approaching. Approaching concerns the way people become closer to each other in a physical space .It also includes how people become closer to each other in a dialogue, which involves verbal or bodily communication. Approaching indicates the ethical values that guide nurses in their caring encounters with older people. This ethical value is noted by the older person and has an individual value, as well as leading to improved quality of their care. The older person will be confident and satisfied with the caring encounter if the desired components in the nurse’s approaching are exhibited.Four categories were identified in study (II): Receiving, showing respect, facilitating participation and showing professionalism. These categories formed the basis of the core category: “Being amenable”, a concept identified in the next of kin’s description of the ethical values that they and the elderly patients perceive in the caring encounter. Being amenable means that the nurses are guided by ethical values; taking into account the elderly patient and next of kin. Nurses who focus on elderly patients’ well-being as a final principle will affect next of kin and their experience of this fundamental situation.
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| 38. |
- Jonasson, Lise-Lotte, 1956-, et al.
(author)
-
Ethical values in caring encounters on a geriatric ward from the next of kin´s perspective : An interview study
- 2010
-
In: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - : Wiley. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:1, s. 20-26
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to identify and describe the governing ethical values that next of kin experience in interaction with nurses who care for elderly patients at a geriatric clinic. Interviews with fourteen next of kin were conducted and data were analysed by Constant comparative analysis. Four categories were identified: Receiving, showing respect, facilitating participation and showing professionalism. These categories formed the basis of the core category: “Being amenable”, a concept identified in the next of kin’s description of the ethical values that they and the elderly patients perceive in the caring encounter. Being amenable means that the nurses are guided by ethical values; taking into account the elderly patient and the next of kin. Nurses’ focusing on elderly patients’ well-being as a final criterion affects the next of kin and their experience of this fundamental condition for high quality care seems to be fulfilled.
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| 39. |
- Jonasson, Lise-Lotte, 1956-, et al.
(author)
-
Patients’ Experiences of Self-Administered Electrotherapy for Spasticity in Stroke and Cerebral Palsy: A Qualitative Study
- 2022
-
In: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 54, s. jrm00263-jrm00263
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To explore patients’ experiences of a self-administered electrotherapy treatment for muscle spasticity in cerebral palsy and stroke; the Exopulse Mollii Suit®. Design: Qualitative design with an inductive approach Subjects: Fifteen patients with spasticity due to stroke or cerebral palsy, participating in a previous randomized controlled trial evaluating the treatment concept.Methods: Information letters were sent to all potential participants (n = 27) in the previous study. Semi-structured interviews (21–57 min) were carried out with all subjects who volunteered (n = 15), administered by an experienced interviewer who was not involved in the previous study. Transcribed interviews were subject to content analysis. Results: The 5 categories that emerged from the content analysis were “New method gives hope”, experiences related to “Using the assistive technology”, “Outcome from training with the assistive technology”, “The assistive technology” and “Taking part in the study”. Respondents felt hopeful when included in the previous study, motivated when experiencing a treatment effect, and disappointed when not. Conclusion: The qualitative approach used in this study elicited complementary information that was not evident from the previous randomized controlled trial. This included statements regarding increased mobility, reduced spasticity, reduced use of medication, and problems related to using the treatment concept.
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| 40. |
- Jonasson, Per A., et al.
(author)
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Expert Habits vs. UI Improvements: Re-Design of a Room Booking System
- 2007
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In: The 21st BCS HCI Group conference. ; , s. 1-4
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a prototyping case aimed to improve user interface (UI) for web-based room booking. Running on a university web site, the existing system has caused much critique among its users. Their expectations for a new UI were increased ease of use, less effort required, and less time consumed. We prototyped a new UI using Visio and it was tested with a small number of experienced and novice users. Our results partly favor the existing system and partly the new one. To our surprise, experienced users performed relatively poorer with the new UI considering their critique of the existing one. We found paper prototyping to be an efficient method to gain user feedback on usability issues and that a low-fidelity prototype does not automatically mean low-effort testing. We observe that visible-state UIs can be demanding to test with paper prototyping.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Jonasson, P., et al.
(author)
-
Genetic design for facilitated production and recovery of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli
- 2002
-
In: Biotechnology and applied biochemistry. - 0885-4513 .- 1470-8744. ; 35, s. 91-105
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Genetic strategies have been used for more than two decades to improve bacterial bioprocesses and to simplify recovery procedures. Such strategies include the design of efficient expression vectors and the improvement of bacterial production strains in different ways, e.g. by deletion of protease genes or engineering for overexpression of rare-codon tRNAs, foldases or chaperones. Gene multimerization is another such principle that has proved beneficial to improve production yields. Genetic strategies have furthermore been exploited to facilitate recovery processes by adapting the product for a particular purification principle. In this area, affinity fusions have been commonly used, but other principles, such as modified isoelectric point (pI) or hydrophobic properties have also been successfully investigated. A recent drastic step forward in the use of gene technology to improve recovery processes for recombinant proteins is the introduction of combinatorial protein engineering to generate tailor-made product-specific affinity ligands. This strategy, which allows efficient recovery of a recombinant protein in its native form, is likely to be increasingly used also in industrial-scale bioprocesses, since novel protein ligands have been described that can be sanitized using common industrial cleaning-in-p lace procedures. The examples presented in this review make it evident that genetic strategies will be of utmost importance in the future for facilitating production and recovery of recombinant proteins.
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| 44. |
- Jonasson, Per
(author)
-
Genetic design for facilitated production of human peptide hormones inEscherichia coli
- 1999
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Genetic strategies have become important in the design ofefficient processes for production of recombinant proteins.When constructing a production scheme, inherent properties,purity and quality requirements, as well as the final use ofthe protein, have to be considered. In this thesis, geneticdesign has been applied to differentEscherichia coliproduction processes for human peptidehormones, facilitating the down-stream processing andincreasing the expression yields.UponE. coliproduction of insulin-like growth factor I(IGF-I), misfolded and aggregated forms of IGF-I have reducedthe yield of correctly folded IGF-I. Extensive in vitrorefolding schemes have thus been considered necessary forobtaining acceptable yields. We investigated whethercoexpression of the IGF binding protein type 1 (IGFBP-1) wouldincrease the yield of correctly folded IGF-I. In this study,the two fusion proteins BB-IGFBP-1 and Z-IGF-I were used,containing the serum albumin binding affinity tag BB and theIgG-binding affinity tag Z, respectively. It was demonstratedthat correctly folded IGF-I could be recovered by twosubsequent affinity chromatography steps, verifying thatZ-IGF-I/BB-IGFBP-1 heterodimers were formed in vivo.Furthermore, the addition of a glutathione redox buffer duringcultivation significantly improved the relative yields ofcorrectly folded IGF-I, suggesting that affinity-assisted invivo folding could be considered as an attractive strategy forrecombinant proteins secreted to theE. coliperiplasm.Aiming for an efficient process for production of both humaninsulin and proinsulin C-peptide, the possibility to integratethe removal of an affinity handle with the processing ofproinsulin to insulin and C-peptide, was investigated.Expression vectors encoding three different ZZ-proinsulinfusion proteins were constructed. Between the two IgG-binding Zdomains and proinsulin, trypsin-sensitive cleavage sites,consisting of either arginine, lysine-arginine or lysine wereengineered. A study of cleavage kinetics, in which the threefusion proteins were treated with trypsin and carboxypeptidaseB, demonstrated that the construct with a single arginineresidue was most efficiently processed. This fusion protein,which was found to be expressed to high levels in a fed-batchcultivation, accumulated intracellularly as inclusion bodies.After solubilization, refolding was performed by oxidativesulfitolysis. IgG affinity purification was used for singlestep recovery of pure proinsulin fusion protein. Afterenzymatic cleavage of the fusion protein, human insulin andC-peptide were recovered with good yields by preparativereversed-phase chromatography.To investigate if increased production levels of theC-peptide could be obtained by gene fragment multimerization,DNA constructs encoding one, three or seven copies of theC-peptide gene were genetically fused to BB. Each C-peptidegene was flanked with codons for arginine, enabling enzymaticrelease of native C-peptide by trypsin/carboxypeptidase Btreatment. The three fusion proteins were produced to similarlevels as soluble and proteolytically stable intracellular geneproducts. Analysis of released C-peptide after enzymatictreatment of the fusion proteins, showed a six-fold increasedyield of C-peptide obtained from the heptameric fusion protein,as compared to the one-copy fusion protein. Based on theheptameric fusion protein BB-C7, an integrated process forproduction of proinsulin C-peptide was developed, whichincluded a heat treatmentprocedure for efficient release ofthe soluble fusion protein into the culture medium. The heattreatment also served as a purification step, precipitating themajority of the host cell proteins. In the production processpresented, chromatographic steps suitable for large-scalepurification, were used. The overall yield of native C-peptidewith a purity exceeding 99%, was 400 mg/l culture,corresponding to an overall recovery of 56%.Taken together, the genetic strategies investigated havedemonstrated to be useful in schemes for facilitated productionof recombinant human peptide hormones inE. coli.Key words:affinity-assisted in vivo folding, affinityfusion, carboxypeptidase B, C-peptide, enzymatic cleavage,Escherichia coli, gene multimerization, heat treatment,human peptide hormone, IGF-I, IGFBP-1, insulin, proinsulin,staphylococcal protein A, streptococcal protein G, trypsin.
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| 45. |
- Jonasson, P., et al.
(author)
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Integrated bioprocess for production of human proinsulin C-peptide via heat release of an intracellular heptameric fusion protein
- 2000
-
In: Journal of Biotechnology. - 0168-1656 .- 1873-4863. ; 76:03-feb, s. 215-226
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An integrated bioprocess has been developed suitable for production of recombinant peptides using a gene multimerization strategy and site-specific cleavage of the resulting gene product. The process has been used for production in E. coli of the human proinsulin C-peptide via a fusion protein BB-C7 containing seven copies of the 31-residues C-peptide monomer. The fusion protein BB-C7 was expressed at high level, 1.8 g l(-1), as a soluble gene product in the cytoplasm. A heat treatment procedure efficiently released the BB-C7 fusion protein into the culture medium. This step also served as an initial purification step by precipitating the majority of the host cell proteins, resulting in a 70% purity of the BB-C7 fusion protein. Following cationic polyelectrolyte precipitation of the nucleic acids and anion exchange chromatography, native C-peptide monomers were obtained by enzymatic cleavage at flanking arginine residues. The released C-peptide material was further purified by reversed-phase chromatography and size exclusion chromatography. The overall yield of native C-peptide at a purity exceeding 99% was 400 mg l(-1) culture, corresponding to an overall recovery of 56%. The suitability of this process also for the production of other recombinant proteins is discussed.
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| 46. |
- Jonsson, Per, et al.
(author)
-
Svenskt Vatten Utveckling Elektronisk tunga och andra onlinesensorer för detektion av föroreningar i dricksvattennätet – en utvärdering
- 2018
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Projektet har utvärderat olika onlinesensorer för att upptäcka föroreningar från avloppsvatten i dricksvattennätet. Flera kommersiella sensorer kunde detektera inläckage vid koncentrationer av avloppsvatten på cirka 0,7 procent, men bäst var den nyutvecklade sensor som kallas elektronisk tunga. Den kunde med låg sannolikhet för falsklarm detektera ner till åtminstone 0,05 procent avloppsvatten. Vanliga problem som kan ge upphov till smitta via dricksvatten är gamla och läckande ledningsnät som ger tryckfall, eller felaktiga kopplingar som gör att ytvatten och avloppsvatten kan förorena dricksvattnet. Risken för inläckage av avloppsvatten ansågs i projektet vara det högst prioriterade scenariot. Med ett nätverk av sensorer i dricksvattennätet och ett effektivt övervakningssystem skulle man kunna upptäcka och lokalisera föroreningskällan och ingripa med nödvändiga åtgärder innan det förorenade vattnet når kunderna.Projektet utfördes av Tekniska verken i Linköping i samverkan med Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) och ett stort antal andra aktörer. I en referensgrupp ingick ett antal svenska dricksvattenproducenter som ställde upp viktiga kriterier för onlinesensorer i dricksvattennätet. Sensorerna ska vara billiga, robusta, driftsäkra, anpassade för driftmiljön och kräva lite underhåll. De ska inte behöva förbehandling eller reagenser och bör helst mäta direkt på det trycksatta nätet. De bör helst vara generella, det vill säga upptäcka alla typer av föroreningar, men det är ett stort mervärde om de kan klassificera typen av förorening. Den elektroniska tungan har vidareutvecklats inom Vinnovaprojektet Sensation III. Även de nya sensorerna flödescytometer och elektronisk näsa testades i projektet, liksom standardsensorer för konduktivitet, pH och kloröverskott, samt en avancerad sensor baserad på optisk absorbans. Testerna skedde i en rigg på avloppsreningsverket i Linköping under ett par månader då olika koncentrationer av avloppsvatten tillfördes. Även syntetiskt avloppsvatten och råvatten tillfördes vid några tillfällen. Två elektroniska tungor testades även vid en tryckstegringsstation respektive vid vattentornet under cirka ett år. Olika typer av signalbehandling undersöktes för att optimera larmalgoritmerna.Resultaten visar att det är möjligt att upptäcka inläckage av avloppsvatten i dricksvattnet med hjälp av onlinesensorer. Även standardsensorer för konduktivitet och pH kunde detektera inläckage av avloppsvatten, men bäst resultat gav den elektroniska tungan. Sensorn för optisk absorbans hade en detektionsgräns mellan den elektroniska tungan och standardsensorerna. I anläggningar med större utspädning av avloppsvattnet än i Linköping kommer sensorerna förmodligen att ha en högre detektionsgräns.För att det ska bli möjligt att övervaka dricksvattenkvaliteten med hjälp av onlinesensorer krävs det nära samverkan mellan sensortillverkare, dricksvattenproducenter och -distributörer, eftersom det behövs fortsatta tester och är så svårt att kravställa och bestämma prestandan för sensorerna för alla tänkbara vatten.
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| 47. |
- Justnes, Harald, et al.
(author)
-
Microstructure and performance of energetically modified cement (EMC) with high filler content
- 2007
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In: Cement & Concrete Composites. - : Elsevier BV. - 0958-9465 .- 1873-393X. ; 29:7, s. 533-541
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Energetically modified cement (EMC) has been produced by high intensive grinding/activation of normal portland caemnet (NPC) together with 20% and 50% quartz sand. EMC concretes were compared to NPC based concrete using the k-factor concept. The k-factor for concrete with w/c = 0.60 - 0.45 was 0.7 - 0.9 for 1 day and 1.1 - 1.3 for 28 days compressive strength. k > 1 for both capillay suction, porosity, vapor diffusion and chloride permeability. For carboantion resistance k was approximately 0.55.Microstructure of EMC paste with 50 % quartz sand and w/c = 0.40 showed that the quartz was extensively ground and formed agglomerates with concrete having a high inner surface. The degree of hydration of the cement in EMC was as high as 71 % after 1 day comparted to 45 % for untreated blend. Refind pore sizr distribution of EMC versus blend means that even for equal hydration at higher ages EMC will perform better.
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| 48. |
- Leitao, Charles Dahlsson, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluating the Therapeutic Efficacy of Mono- and Bivalent Affibody-Based Fusion Proteins Targeting HER3 in a Pancreatic Cancer Xenograft Model
- 2020
-
In: Pharmaceutics. - : MDPI. - 1999-4923. ; 12:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) has been increasingly scrutinized as a potential drug target since the elucidation of its role in mediating tumor growth and acquired therapy resistance. Affibody molecules are so-called scaffold proteins with favorable biophysical properties, such as a small size for improved tissue penetration and extravasation, thermal and chemical stability, and a high tolerance to modifications. Additionally, affibody molecules are efficiently produced in prokaryotic hosts or by chemical peptide synthesis. We have previously evaluated the biodistribution profiles of five mono- and bivalent anti-HER3 affibody molecules (designated as 3) fused to an albumin-binding domain (designated as A), 3A, 33A, 3A3, A33, and A3, that inhibit ligand-dependent phosphorylation. In the present study, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of the three most promising variants, 3A, 33A, and 3A3, in a direct comparison with the HER3-targeting monoclonal antibody seribantumab (MM-121) in a preclinical BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer model. Xenografted mice were treated with either an affibody construct or MM-121 and the tumor growth was compared to a vehicle group. Receptor occupancy was estimated by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging using a HER3-targeting affibody imaging agent [Ga-68]Ga-(HE)(3)-Z(08698)-NODAGA. The affibody molecules could inhibit ligand-dependent phosphorylation and cell proliferation in vitro and demonstrated tumor growth inhibition in vivo comparable to that of MM-121. PET/CT imaging showed full receptor occupancy for all tested drug candidates. Treatment with 3A and 3A3 affibody constructs was more efficient than with 33A and similar to the anti-HER3 antibody seribantumab, showing that the molecular design of affibody-based therapeutics targeting HER3 in terms of the relative position of functional domains and valency has an impact on therapeutic effect.
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| 49. |
- Li, Wei, et al.
(author)
-
NK cell apoptosis in coronary artery disease. Relation to oxidative stress
- 2008
-
In: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 199:1, s. 65-72
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Natural killer (NK) cells, key elements in initiation and modulation of immune responses, were recently found to be reduced in coronary artery disease (CAD). To clarify mechanisms behind this reduction, we here investigated NK cell apoptosis in CAD patients. Since oxidative stress has been linked to NK cell apoptosis, we related the findings to oxidative stress in vivo and evaluated the ex vivo susceptibility of NK cells to oxidized lipids. Methods and results: The number of apoptotic NK cells in peripheral blood was significantly increased in CAD patients compared to controls. Purified NK cells from CAD patients also showed a higher rate of spontaneous apoptosis ex vivo. Dose- and time-dependent effects of oxidized LDL and 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7βOH) on apoptosis and ROS production were determined in NK cells from blood donors. Thereafter, purified NK cells from CAD patients and healthy controls were exposed to the oxidized lipids in a paired design. NK cells from patients were more susceptible to apoptosis induced by oxidized LDL, in particular 7βOH, compared to cells from controls. Plasma measurements of LDL protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation did not show any differences between patients and controls. On the other hand, plasma carotenoids were significantly decreased in patients and inversely correlated to NK cell apoptosis rate. Conclusion: The rate of spontaneous NK cell apoptosis was increased in CAD patients. Although NK cells in CAD patients were more sensitive to oxidized lipids ex vivo, indicating a mechanism contributing to the reduced NK cell activity in CAD, the data could not verify an obvious link between NK cell apoptosis and increased oxidative stress in vivo. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 50. |
- Lidebjer, Caroline, 1979-, et al.
(author)
-
Low plasma levels of oxygenated carotenoids in patients with coronary artery disease
- 2007
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In: NMCD. Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. - : Elsevier BV. - 0939-4753 .- 1590-3729. ; 17:6, s. 448-456
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and aims: Low circulating levels of carotenoids have been associated with cardiovascular disease. The distribution of different carotenoids in blood may have an impact on the cardioprotective capacity. The aim of the present study was to determine the plasma levels of 6 major carotenoids in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and relate the findings to clinical, metabolic and immune parameters. Methods and results: Plasma levels of oxygenated carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin) and hydrocarbon carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene) were determined in 39 patients with acute coronary syndrome, 50 patients with stable CAD and 50 controls. Serological assays for inflammatory activity and flow cytometrical analysis of lymphocyte subsets were performed. Both patient groups had significantly lower plasma levels of oxygenated carotenoids, in particular lutein + zeaxanthin, compared to controls. Low levels of oxygenated carotenoids were associated with smoking, high body mass index (BMI), low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and, to a minor degree, inflammatory activity. Plasma levels of lutein + zeaxanthin were independently associated with the proportions of natural killer (NK) cells, but not with other lymphocytes, in blood. Conclusion: Among carotenoids, lutein + zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin were significantly reduced in CAD patients independent of clinical setting. The levels were correlated to a number of established cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, the relationship between NK cells and lutein + zeaxanthin may indicate a particular role for certain carotenoids in the immunological scenario of CAD. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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