| 1. |
- Abrahamsson, Markus, et al.
(author)
-
Saproxylic beetle assemblages in artificially created high-stumps of spruce (Picea abies) and birch (Betula pendula/pubescens) – does the surrounding landscape matter?
- 2009
-
In: Insect Conservation and Diversity. - : Wiley. - 1752-458X .- 1752-4598. ; 2, s. 284-294
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract. 1. To create high-stumps (snags) is a common conservation action during final felling in Swedish production forests. However, many wood-living beetle species are only found in certain areas with higher overall biodiversity, so called hotspots. It has been argued that it is efficient to concentrate conservation efforts to hotspots. 2. The saproxylic beetle fauna was sampled on ten clearcuts inside hotspots and ten clearcuts outside the hotspots. They were collected with window traps mounted on 2- and 4-year-old spruce and birch high-stumps. We also used environmental data (e.g. tree species composition) to confirm differences between the surroundings of two, the clearcut types. 3. High-stumps on the hotspot clearcuts did not attract more saproxylic beetle species, or red-listed species, than high-stumps outside the hotspots. The environmental data showed that the clearcuts differed in several important aspects, for instance, were there a higher proportion of broadleaved trees around the hotspot compared with the clearcuts outside the hotspots. In a Canonical Correspondence Analysis, the proportion of coniferous and broadleaved forest was an important explanatory variables. The hotspot variable did contribute significantly in explaining the beetle composition on the birch high-stumps, but not on the spruce high-stumps. 4. In general, the study suggests that concentrating high-stumps to hotspot areas will not benefit more species. However, the result indicates birch high-stumps could be prioritised in a biologically rich landscape. The hotspot effect may be more noticeable in the future as the high-stumps decay and their importance for late successional species increase
|
|
| 2. |
- Felton, Adam, et al.
(author)
-
Forest biodiversity and ecosystem services from spruce-birch mixtures : The potential importance of tree spatial arrangement
- 2022
-
In: Environmental Challenges. - : Elsevier BV. - 2667-0100. ; 6
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is increasing empirical support for the biodiversity and ecosystem service (ES) benefits of mixed-species production forests. However, few studies control for the spatial arrangement of the trees within mixtures to determine the influence that clustering the tree species (patch scale mixtures), versus evenly dispersing them (intimate scale mixtures), may have for biodiversity and ES outcomes. To highlight the potential implications of altering tree spatial arrangement in mixtures, and the need to fill related knowledge gaps, here we provide a qualitative multi-disciplinary overview of ecological and socio-economic drivers with the potential to alter biodiversity, ecosystem services, and management-related outcomes from patch versus intimate scale mixtures. We focused our overview on even-aged mixtures of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and birch (Betula pendula or B. pubescens) in Sweden, which enabled us to contrast findings within a biogeographical and silvicultural setting. Specifically, we targeted implications for biodiversity (understory vascular plants, epiphytic lichens, saproxylic beetles, birds), biomass production, harvesting costs, management ease, recreation and aesthetics, cervid game, as well as abiotic and biotic risks (wind, fire, pathogens, pests, browsing damage). In the absence of direct empirical evidence, we primarily relied on expert inference from theory and relevant empirical studies sourced from the Fennoscandian region, and further afield if needed. Collectively these efforts allowed us to develop a number of informed hypotheses indicating that for spruce-birch mixtures in this region, patch scale mixtures may have the potential to favour the diversity of several forest dependant taxonomic groups, cervid game and reduce harvesting costs, whereas intimate mixtures may have the potential to reduce pathogen and pest damage, and likewise, potentially benefit production outcomes. Current knowledge was too limited, inconsistent or context dependant to even tentatively infer outcomes for fire risk, wind damage, browsing damage, management ease, recreational and aesthetic outcomes. We emphasize that our hypotheses require testing, but are sufficient to (1) highlight the likely importance of spatial-scale to biodiversity and ecosystem services outcomes in mixed-species production forests, (2) caution against generalization from mixture studies that lack scale considerations, and (3) motivate the targeted consideration of spatial grain in future mixture studies.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hudson, Lawrence N, et al.
(author)
-
The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project
- 2017
-
In: Ecology and Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2045-7758. ; 7:1, s. 145-188
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The PREDICTS project-Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)-has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
|
|
| 4. |
- Hudson, Lawrence N., et al.
(author)
-
The PREDICTS database : a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts
- 2014
-
In: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 4:24, s. 4701-4735
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project - and avert - future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups - including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems - ). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.
|
|
| 5. |
- Auffret, Alistair, et al.
(author)
-
Can field botany be effectively taught as a distance course? Experiences and reflections from the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2022
-
In: AoB PLANTS. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2041-2851. ; 14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2020 forced a rapid change in university teaching, with large numbers of courses switching to distance learning with very little time for preparation. Courses involving many practical elements and field excursions required particular care if students were to fulfil planned learning outcomes. Here, we present our experiences in teaching field botany in 2020 and 2021. Using a range of methods and tools to introduce students to the subject, promote self-learning and reflection and give rapid and regular feedback, we were able to produce a course that allowed students to achieve the intended learning outcomes and that obtained similarly positive student evaluations to previous years. The course and its outcomes were further improved in 2021. We describe how we structured field botany as a distance course in order that we could give the best possible learning experience for the students. Finally, we reflect on how digital tools can aid teaching such subjects in the future, in a world where public knowledge of natural history is declining.In an era of large-scale biodiversity change and reductions in basic knowledge of natural history, it is important that practical courses in subjects like field botany continue to be taught effectively. Forced by the COVID-19 pandemic to teach plant identification with no direct contact with students, we used a range of methods and tools to promote self-learning and reflection in students, and to facilitate rapid feedback by teachers. Here, we present our method for producing a course that allowed students to achieve the intended learning outcomes and that obtained positive student evaluations.
|
|
| 6. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(author)
-
Modelled impact of Norway spruce logging residue extraction on biodiversity in Sweden
- 2011
-
In: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. - 0045-5067 .- 1208-6037. ; 41, s. 1220-1232
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Logging residues are increasingly being extracted for bioenergy purposes. This study estimates how extraction of fine woody debris (FWD) may affect the overall habitat availability for 577 species of wood-and bark-inhabiting basidiomycetes, beetles, and lichens in Sweden using Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) as their primary substrate. We combined modeling of (i) the amount of various types of woody debris available throughout a forest rotation in managed forests with (ii) a classification of each species' associations with different types of wood. In three different regions, we compared a scenario with no logging residue extraction with three different levels of extraction. Our results suggest that the extraction may cause a 35%-45% reduction in aboveground FWD and a more than 20% decline in the potential amount of substrate for about 50% of the species (affecting basidiomycetes and beetles more than lichens). The intensified forestry during the last century has, however, steadily increased the production of FWD. Furthermore, no red-listed species is primarily associated with logging residues of Norway spruce. Therefore, the current situation in Sweden with extraction of 70% of Norway spruce FWD on 50% of the clearcuts probably constitutes a minor contribution to the regional extinction risks.
|
|
| 7. |
- Dion, Claude, et al.
(author)
-
Controllable 3D atomic Brownian motor in optical lattices
- 2008
-
In: The European Physical Journal - Special Topics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1951-6355 .- 1951-6401. ; 159:1, s. 11-17
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We study a Brownian motor, based on cold atoms in optical lattices, where atomic motion can be induced in a controlled manner in an arbitrary direction, by rectification of isotropic random fluctuations. In contrast with ratchet mechanisms, our Brownian motor operates in a potential that is spatially and temporally symmetric, in apparent contradiction to the Curie principle. Simulations, based on the Fokker-Planck equation, allow us to gain knowledge on the qualitative behaviour of our Brownian motor. Studies of Brownian motors, and in particular ones with unique control properties, are of fundamental interest because of the role they play in protein motors and their potential applications in nanotechnology. In particular, our system opens the way to the study of quantum Brownian motors.
|
|
| 8. |
- Felton, Adam, et al.
(author)
-
The tree species matters : Biodiversity and ecosystem service implications of replacing Scots pine production stands with Norway spruce.
- 2020
-
In: Ambio. - : Springer. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 49:5, s. 1035-1049
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The choice of tree species used in production forests matters for biodiversity and ecosystem services. In Sweden, damage to young production forests by large browsing herbivores is helping to drive a development where sites traditionally regenerated with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) are instead being regenerated with Norway spruce (Picea abies). We provide a condensed synthesis of the available evidence regarding the likely resultant implications for forest biodiversity and ecosystem services from this change in tree species. Apart from some benefits (e.g. reduced stand-level browsing damage), we identified a range of negative outcomes for biodiversity, production, esthetic and recreational values, as well as increased stand vulnerability to storm, frost, and drought damage, and potentially higher risks of pest and pathogen outbreak. Our results are directly relevant to forest owners and policy-makers seeking information regarding the uncertainties, risks, and trade-offs likely to result from changing the tree species in production forests.
|
|
| 9. |
- Goug, Leonie A., et al.
(author)
-
Specialists in ancient trees are more affected by climate than generalists
- 2015
-
In: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 5:23, s. 5632-5641
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ancient trees are considered one of the most important habitats for biodiversityin Europe and North America. They support exceptional numbers of specializedspecies, including a range of rare and endangered wood-living insects. In thisstudy, we use a dataset of 105 sites spanning a climatic gradient along the oakrange of Norway and Sweden to investigate the importance of temperature andprecipitation on beetle species richness in ancient, hollow oak trees. We expectedthat increased summer temperature would positively influence all wood-livingbeetle species whereas precipitation would be less important with a negligible ornegative impact. Surprisingly, only oak-specialist beetles with a northern distributionincreased in species richness with temperature. Few specialist beetles and nogeneralist beetles responded to the rise of 4°C in summer as covered by our climaticgradient. The negative effect of precipitation affected more specialist speciesthan did temperature, whereas the generalists remained unaffected. In summary,we suggest that increased summer temperature is likely to benefit a few specialistbeetles within this dead wood community, but a larger number of specialists arelikely to decline due to increased precipitation. In addition, generalist species willremain unaffected. To minimize adverse impacts of climate change on this importantcommunity, long-term management plans for ancient trees are important.
|
|
| 10. |
- Gough, Leonie A., et al.
(author)
-
Data from: Specialists in ancient trees are more affected by climate than generalists
- 2016
-
Other publicationabstract
- Ancient trees are considered one of the most important habitats for biodiversity in Europe and North America. They support exceptional numbers of specialized species, including a range of rare and endangered wood-living insects. In this study, we use a dataset of 105 sites spanning a climatic gradient along the oak range of Norway and Sweden to investigate the importance of temperature and precipitation on beetle species richness in ancient, hollow oak trees. We expected that increased summer temperature would positively influence all wood-living beetle species whereas precipitation would be less important with a negligible or negative impact. Surprisingly, only oak-specialist beetles with a northern distribution increased in species richness with temperature. Few specialist beetles and no generalist beetles responded to the rise of 4°C in summer as covered by our climatic gradient. The negative effect of precipitation affected more specialist species than did temperature, whereas the generalists remained unaffected. In summary, we suggest that increased summer temperature is likely to benefit a few specialist beetles within this dead wood community, but a larger number of specialists are likely to decline due to increased precipitation. In addition, generalist species will remain unaffected. To minimize adverse impacts of climate change on this important community, long-term management plans for ancient trees are important.
|
|
| 11. |
- Hiron, Matthew, et al.
(author)
-
Consequences of bioenergy wood extraction for landscape-level availability of habitat for dead wood-dependent organisms
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4797 .- 1095-8630. ; 198, s. 33-42
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stumps and slash resulting from forest clearcutting is used as a source of low-net-carbon energy, but there are concerns about the consequences of biofuel extraction on biodiversity. Logging residues constitute potentially important habitats, since a large part of forest biodiversity is dependent on dead wood. Here we used snapshot field data from a managed forest landscape (25 000 ha) to predict landscape scale population changes of dead wood dependent organisms after extraction of stumps and slash after clearcutting. We did this by estimating habitat availability for all observed dead wood dependent beetles, macrofungi, and lichens (380 species) in the whole landscape. We found that 53% of species occurred in slash or stumps. For most species, population declines after moderate extraction (<= 30%) were small (<10% decline) because they mainly occur on other dead wood types. However, some species were only recorded in slash and stumps. Red listed species were affected by slash and stump extraction (12 species), but less often than other species. Beetles and fungi were more affected by stump extraction, while lichens were more affected by slash extraction. For beetles and lichens, extraction of a combination of spruce, pine and birch resulted in larger negative effects than if only extracting spruce, while for fungi tree species had little effect. We conclude that extensive extraction decreases the amount of habitat to such extent that it may have negative consequences on species persistence at the landscape level. The negative consequences can be limited by extracting only slash, or only logging residues from spruce stands. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 12. |
- Jansson, Nicklas, 1967-, et al.
(author)
-
An indicator system for identification of sites of high conservation value for saproxylic oak (Quercus spp.) beetles in southern Sweden
- 2009
-
In: Journal of Insect Conservation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1366-638X .- 1572-9753. ; 13:4, s. 399-412
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The saproxylic beetle fauna on old oaks was sampled in four regions of southern Sweden using two methods: window and pitfall trapping. The aim was to test a way of finding indicator species which can be used to identify sites with high species number or that scored high on a conservation priority species index, based on occurrence of red-listed species. From 92 sites surveyed, in total 164 species of saproxylic beetles were identified. Different sets of indicator species were selected based upon 22 sites from a centrally located region. Predictions of species number and the index for 30 other sites from the same province were made. The correlation between observed and predicted species number and the index increased with increasing number of indicators. When comparing different treatment of species indata, the explanatory power of predictions was strongest for presence/absence data. Indicator sets of species effectively caught with pitfall traps gave overall the best predictions of both species number and the index. Predictions of species number and the index worked well within the same regions but gave varied result for the three other regions which shows that transferability of indicators between regions may be doubtful.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Bin runt husknuten
- 2017
-
In: Entomologisk tidskrift. - 0013-886X. ; 138, s. 93-93
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)
|
|
| 15. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Björkarnas myllrande mångfald
- 2017
-
In: Entomologisk tidskrift. - 0013-886X. ; 138, s. 108-
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Recension av Ehnström, B. & Holmer M. 2015. Björk - svart på vitt om myllrande mångfald. – CBMs skriftserie 89.
|
|
| 16. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Diptera in clear-felling stumps like it dry
- 2019
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 34, s. 673-677
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- When stumps on clear cuts are harvested for bioenergy, retention of a share of them is recommended to mitigate environmental issues. To maximise benefits for the diversity of saproxylic beetles, retention should be done in dry positions. Saproxylic dipterans are usually thought to be associated with wetter wood substrates. We therefore hypothesised that dipterans would benefit from other recommendations. We tested that by rearing out insects from spruce and birch stumps sampled in clear fellings, and received a material of 866 individuals of 24 Diptera taxa. Among six Diptera species tested statistically, one was associated with dry stumps when comparing within spruce, and the total abundance of dipterans was higher in dry spruce stumps than in wet. No parameter (total species number, species number per stump, total abundances and abundances of individual species) showed a higher value for wet stumps than for dry. We conclude that there are several Diptera species that frequently use stumps, of which a large share was earlier regarded as very rare. For those, our hypothesis was falsified, as the affinities to dry stumps seem similar as for beetles and the same recommendations could be used.
|
|
| 17. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Effects of fuelwood harvesting on biodiversity - a review focused on the situation in Europe
- 2012
-
In: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. - 0045-5067 .- 1208-6037. ; 42, s. 1421-1432
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A continually increasing demand for energy and concerns about climate change, greenhouse gas emissions and peak oil have prompted countries to develop policies that promote renewable energy including forest-based bioenergy. In Europe, fuelwood-driven changes in forestry are likely to impact habitat conditions for forest biodiversity. We conducted a systematic literature overview based on 88 papers to synthesize research findings and gaps in knowledge. At the stand scale, but also on a landscape scale, deadwood availability and profile are altered by several practices: whole-tree harvesting and postharvest recovery of logging residues and stumps, for instance. Large-scale fuelwood removal may, on a landscape scale, jeopardize the amounts and diversity of substrate that saproxylic organisms require as food and habitat. Besides, bioenergy-related forest practices also affect nonsaproxylic biodiversity through physical (e.g., soil compaction and disturbance) and chemical changes in soil properties associated with fuelwood removal and increased machine traffic. Moreover, the extended density of internal edges threatens interior forest species populations. Important effects differ substantially between boreal and nemoral forests because of contrasts in management systems, structure of forest ownership, and ecological properties. Developing relevant operational guidelines to partially mitigate ecological damage on biodiversity should be based on our compiled cautionary statements but require further large-scale and long-term research.
|
|
| 18. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Fyra dåligt kända skalbaggar i vedsvamp: våra rödlistade tickgnagare (sl. Dorcatoma, Ptinidae)
- 2013
-
In: Entomologisk tidskrift. - 0013-886X. ; 134, s. 173-180
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the series of papers about poorly known beetles in Sweden, the turn has come to the four red-listed species of Dorcatoma. Three of them have been recorded from only one or a few sites: Dorcatoma janssoni Büche & Lundberg, 2002 is found on two areas in the province of Uppland, reared from wood decayed by the fungus Fomitopsis pinicola; D. minor Zahradnik, 1993 has been recorded from two sites at river Dalälven and from Småland (however only females which means that the identification is not 100% confirmed), having its larval development in fruiting bodies of Fomes fomentarius; D. ambjoerni Baranowski, 1985 is still only known from the type locality Hallands Väderö (Skåne, southernmost Sweden) in fruiting bodies of Inonotus. The fourth red-listed species D. substriata Hummel, 1829 is more frequent (127 records on the website ”Artportalen”) and is mainly reared from fungi of the genus Inonotus. Additional records of all four species can probably be made through directed search. The beetles are easily reared from dead or dying fruiting bodies of the host fungi collected during the cold season. Revision of material in collections could also reveal records of the recently described species. In addition to the mentioned species there are also three species known from neighbouring countries might be found in Sweden.
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Första fynden av barkborren Xyleborus dryographus (Ratzeburg, 1837) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) i Sverige
- 2023
-
In: Entomologisk tidskrift. - 0013-886X. ; 144, s. 21-28
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2020 and 2021, the first findings in Sweden of Xyleborus dryographus (Ratzeburg, 1837) were made in the province of Blekinge in South-Eastern Sweden. In 2020, two specimens were caught in interception traps baited with pheromone, primarily placed out to catch Platypus cylindrus in oak stands. In 2021, two specimens were caught in a pitfall trap near oak logs placed out to support populations of Lucanus cervus. The distance between the most distant localities is 2,4 km. The findings indicate that X. dryographus is now establishedin Sweden. The number of known bark beetle species (Scolytinae) in Sweden is now 94.
|
|
| 21. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Gotska Sandöns skogshistoria med brandplan för framtiden
- 2015
-
In: Entomologisk tidskrift. - 0013-886X. ; 136, s. 85-85
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Recension av Niklasson, M. 2015. Skogshistoria och bränder på Gotska Sandön. – Rapporter om natur och miljö nr 2015:1. Länsstyrelsen Gotlands län.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Increasing influence of the surrounding landscape on saproxylic beetle communities over 10 years succession in dead wood
- 2019
-
In: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 440, s. 267-284
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Studies of the spatial scale to which saproxylic beetles respond to the surrounding landscape have generated varied results. We tested how the relationship between beetle fauna and variables describing the landscape changed over ten years of succession. We hypothesized that the relationship to the nearby landscape would be stronger when the wood was in a later successional stage. This is because habitat predictability is higher in the later stages, as they have a longer turnover time of beetle assemblages than early stages. With higher predict. ability of the habitat, theory expect lower dispersal capacity of hosted species, and thereby higher relation to landscape on smaller scale. The saproxylic beetles were sampled on the same wood objects (high stumps) in three time steps over ten years in 20 clear-cuts in south Sweden. In accordance with our expectations, the nearby (< 5 km radius) forest-landscape variables explained more of the species composition of the saproxylic beetles later in the succession. The first- and third-years geographical location (longitude and latitude) were more important and explained, for three different subsets of beetle species, 21%, 4% and 25% of the fauna composition. At this time, the forest-landscape variables explained almost nothing. After ten years the pattern was the opposite, with surrounding forest explaining up to 27% of the variation, and regional factors almost nothing. We showed that this was related to a shift in the species assemblage after ten years, with an increasing share of species associated with more decayed wood. Our results suggest that successional stage of the dead wood helps explain at what scale saproxylic species respond. Several of the surrounding forest variables were associated with biodiversity hotspots, which thus seem to exist also for species associated with abundant wood types. Latersuccessional species are more indicative of hotspots than earlier-successional species.
|
|
| 24. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Insektskunskap i samhällets tjänst
- 2021
-
In: Bi-lagan : inspiration och information för lärare i skolan / Nationellt resurscentrum för biologi och bioteknik. - 2000-8139. ; , s. 6-7
-
Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
|
|
| 25. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Inventering av vedlevande skalbaggar på lindar i Södermanlands
- 2010
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- 27 lokaler med gamla lindar i Södermanlands, Uppsala och Västmanlands län inventerades på vedlevande skalbaggar. Det primära målet var att inventera skalbaggar som omfattas av åtgärdsprogrammet (ÅGP) för skalbaggar på skogslind. Inventeringen genomfördes med fönsterfällor och fallfällor i fyra träd på varje lokal. Vid de totala analyserna togs även data från 13 lokaler publicerade i andra inventeringar med. Sju arter i åtgärdsprogrammet hittades; enfärgad brandsvampbagge Diplocoeolus fagi var den mest frekventa med fynd på 30 av 40 lokaler. Denna art liksom lindplattbagge Laemophloeus monilis (24 lokaler) och lindmögelbagge Enicmus brevicornis (14 lokaler) var utbredda inom hela det inventerade området. Övriga arter som hittades är bara utbredda i centrala Mälaren: lindbarkbagge Synchita separanda (hittades på 11 lokaler), lindgrengnagare Pseudoptilinus fissicollis (2 lokaler) och ögonfläckbock Mesosa curculionoides (1 lokal). Lindfläckbock Chlorophus herbsti hittades aldrig i någon fälla men kläcktes ur ved som togs hem från en lokal. Bland övriga vedskalbaggar hittades totalt 89 rödlistade arter enligt rödlistan 2000. Några av lokalerna, främst Ek- & Lindholmen vid Strömsholm och Kronängen (båda i Västmanlands län) hade extremt höga antal av sådana arter. Generellt hade lokalerna runt centrala Mälaren, och speciellt de i västra delen, höga antal rödlistade arter. Speciellt anmärkningsvärda arter var fynden av Allecula rhenana (mörkbent kamklobagge) vid Ängsö och på S. Björnön och Rhagium sycophanta (ekträdslöpare) på Kalvholmen. De arterna har aldrig hittas i Västmanland förut och A. rhenana är ny för Mälardalen. Fyra av de lindlevande arterna som tagits med i Åtgärdsprogrammet är knutna till svampen linddyna (Biscogniauxia cinereoliliacina). Dessa fyra arter hade ett starkt nestat förkomstmönster. Det betyder att lokaler, med den art som finns på minst antal ställen i stort sett alltid innehåller de vanligare arterna. Denna art kan då användas som en indikator på de andra. Däremot kunde antalet ÅGP arter inte användas för att indikera ett stort antal arter av rödlistade vedskalbaggar generellt. På igenväxta lokaler fångades i medeltal klart lägre antal rödlistade vedskalbaggsarter än på de som hållits öppna med bete. Men specifikt för ÅGP arterna på lind fanns ingen skillnad. Slottsparkerna visade sig, tvärtemot förväntat, vara nästan lika artrika som de betade lokalerna. Slottsparkerna har alltså ett stort värde för vedlevande skalbaggar trots att de skötts intensivt med bortplockning av nedfallande ved osv. Många av de lokaler som inventerades har lindar som är kulturprodukter. Dvs de gamla träden är antingen del av parker vid slott eller så är de en rest av gammaldags jordbruk med lövtäkt. Detta innebär att de hamlats. När de, som skett på flera av dessa platser, lämnas utan skötsel under lång tid riskerar de att falla sönder av sin egen tyngd då grenarna ovan det gamla hamlingsstället blivit alltför tunga. Igenväxning runt träden med sly förstärker detta hot. Om dessa gamla träd ska kunna fortsätta åldras är det därför akut att göra åtgärder på några av lokalerna. Alternativt får man hoppas att de yngre träden hinner bli tillräckligt gamla för att härbärgera dessa arter innan hamlingsträden försvinner. På många andra lokaler betas marken runt träden vilket är positivt för deras överlevnad. Problemet blir istället att betesdjuren äter upp det mesta av den föryngring som kommer. För att slippa successionsglapp när gammelträden faller bör man fundera över var och hur man kan få upp föryngring. Den behöver inte ske i samma bestånd, men i närheten.
|
|
| 26. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Inventering av vedskalbaggar på lind med sök- och plockmetod på sex lokaler i Västmanland
- 2014
-
Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Inom åtgärdsprogrammet för vedlevande skalbaggar på skogslind har många inventeringar gjorts med hjälp av fönsterfällor. Några av de arter som ingår i åtgärdsprogrammet hittades på ytterst få lokaler i dessa inventeringar. Vi har därför prövat en annan met od för att 1) se om arterna finns på några av de finaste lindlokalerna som finns i Västmanlands län, 2) se om andra metoder är effektivare för att hitta dessa arter. Sex lokaler som räknas som toppobjekt för lindvedsfauna i Västmanland undersöktes. Vår met od var att undersöka grenved som låg på marken, dels genom att söka gnagspår i veden och ta hem den ved som såg lovande ut för framkläckning av skalbaggar, dels att sålla bark på grenved. Främst riktade vi in oss på två arter: Lindgrengnagare Pseudptilinus fissicollis och Lindsvampborrare Ennearthron pruinosulum . Lindgrengnagare hittades på en lokal, Aggarön. Lindsvampborrare hittades inte alls. Vi fann däremot två andra arter från åtgärdsprogrammet som sällan hittats i de tidigare inventeringar som gjorts : ögonfläckbocken Mesosa cucrculionoides på Aggarön och Stensjöberget vid Tidö; och lindfläckbock Chlorophus herbstii på Kronängen och Stensjöberget. Fynden av ögonfläckbock var glädjande återfynd av arten på lokaler där den hittats fram till 1970 - talet, men där den nu förmodades vara utgången. Lindfläckbocken är förmodligen en betydligt mer utbredd art än ögonfläckbock. För lindgrengnagaren och lindsvampborraren är vår slutsats att fönsterfälleinventeringarnas fåtaliga fynd speglar att arterna är sällsynt a och bara finns på några få lokaler i Mälaren, och på dessa lokaler är de inte heller speciellt frekventa. Resultaten av vår undersökning visar att denna metod är ett bra komplement till fönsterfälleinventeringarna. Vi detekterade arter som inte, eller sä llan hittades i fönsterfällorna, medan andra arter inventerad es betydligt effektivare med fö nsterfällor. Lokalerna med ögonfläckbocken är båda ganska speciella med många förmodligen gamla, men inte speciellt grova lindar. Det viktiga för faunan i dem är at t denna struktur på lindarna kan behållas eller helst utvecklas över större områden. Skalbaggarna i denna undersökning (med undantag för lindfläckbocken C. herbstii ) är inte beroende av solexponering, varför gallringar och röjningar enbart bör utföras för att gynna linden. På lokaler med gammal kulturpåverkan bör hävd vidmakthållas och eventuellt kan återhamling av träd vara aktuellt. 7 8 1 Inledning Skalbaggsfaunan i ved av döda lindar är ganska speciell och innehåller flera specialiserade arter som i Sverige är utbredda enbart eller främst i Mälarområdet, speciellt runt den inre delen av sjön (Jonsell & Andersson 2011). Eftersom flera av arterna är h otade så har ett åtgärdsprogram upprättats för dem (Ehnström 2006). En åtgärd som genomförts inom programmet är att inventera på vilka platser arterna finns. Man har både kontrollerat statusen på tidigare kända lokaler och även sökt på många nya platser so m hade potential att hysa arterna. Dessa inventeringar har främst gjorts med fönsterfällor (Andersson opubl., Eriksson 2007, Jonsell & Sahlin 2010), en metod som är effektiv för åtminstone fyra av arterna i åtgärdsprogrammet. Övriga arter har däremot bara hittats sporadiskt med denna metod (Jonsell & Andersson 2011). Det kan antingen bero på att arterna verkligen saknas eller på att fönsterfällemetoden är ineffektiv för att hitta dessa arter. Därför är det värdefullt att pröva också andra inventeringsmetode r, något som var målet med denna undersökning. Figur 1. Tre av de fyra arter som inventeringen främst fokuserade på att hitta: a) ögonfläckbock M. curculionoides foto Rune Axelsson, b) lindgrengnagare Pseudptilinus fissicollis foto Rune Axelsson, c) li ndfläckbock Chlorophus herbstii , foto Mats Jonsell. Lindsvampborrare Ennearthron pruinosulum saknas bild på - det är en ca 1,5 mm lång skalbagge med cylindrisk kroppsform. De arter som vi är osäkra på hur bra man d etekterar med fönsterfällor är ögonf läckbock M. curculionoides , lindgrengnagare Pseudptilinus fissicollis , lindfläckbock Chlorophus herbstii och lindsvampborrare Ennearthron pruinosulum (Fig. 1). Det har gjorts några mindre inventeringar efter dessa där andra metoder använts. Pär Eriksson (2007) använde både sök - och plockmetod och kläckningar i sina inventeringar. Det gjordes även specialinventering efter ögonfläckbocken Mesosa curculio noides på några lokaler i Västmanlands län (Sahlin 2010 ). Men inte heller med dessa insatser hittades dessa arter på speciellt många platser. Insatserna var dock ganska små. Därför gjordes denna undersökning med metodvalet att söka och plocka, sålla och kl äcka fram skalbaggarna ur vedbitar, främst grenar på marken. Målet var att undersöka några av de mest högklassiga lokalerna för lindlevande skalbaggar i Västmanland för att se om resultaten från Sahlin (2010 ) gäller också för andra arter och på fler lokale r.
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Knäppare och praktbaggar m.fl. - på finska
- 2015
-
In: Entomologisk tidskrift. - 0013-886X. ; 136, s. 120-120
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Detta är en bokrecension av "Heliövaara, K., Mannerkoski, I., Muona, J., Siitonen, J. & Silfverberg, H. 2014. Hyppivät ja hohtavat. – Metsäkustannus." ISBN: 9789526612386.
|
|
| 30. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Logs and Stumps in Clearcuts Support Similar Saproxylic Beetle Diversity: Implications for Bioenergy Harvest
- 2011
-
In: Silva Fennica. - : Finnish Society of Forest Science. - 0037-5330 .- 2242-4075. ; 45, s. 1053-1064
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stumps from clear cuts are increasingly used for bioenergy. Extracting this wood will reduce the habitat available for saproxylic (wood-living) organisms. As little is known about the species assemblages that will be affected, we investigated the diversity of saproxylic beetles in stumps on clear-felled sites and as a reference, we compared it with the diversity in downed logs. Stumps and logs of aspen (Populus tremolo L.), birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. verrucosa Ehrh.[syn. B. pendula Roth]), spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and pine (Pious sylvestris L.) were examined in clear cuts of two different ages: one summer old and 4-5 years old. The beetles were sampled by sieving bark (0.25 m(2)) peeled from the wood. The samples were taken in pairs of one log and one stump situated close together and of the same tree species, age since death and diameter. In total 3348 saproxylic beetles belonging to 124 species were found in 176 samples. The stumps had a similar number of species to the logs both as measured per sample and as an accumulated number. Exceptions were 4-5 years old wood of birch and pine where the number was significantly higher in the stumps. The number of red-listed species was also similar between stumps and logs. Species composition was more different between the stumps and logs of conifers than of deciduous trees. We conclude that clear-felled stumps have a diverse saproxylic insect fauna. This has to be taken into account if large scale extraction of logging stumps is implemented.
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Old park trees as habitat for saproxylic beetle species
- 2012
-
In: Biodiversity and Conservation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0960-3115 .- 1572-9710. ; 21, s. 619-642
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Very old trees harbour a diverse fauna of saproxylic insects, many of which are classified as threatened due to the scarcity of this kind of habitat. Parks, which often contain many old trees, are therefore considered to be important sites for this fauna. However parks are intensively managed and dead wood is often removed. Therefore this study compares if the saproxylic beetle fauna in parks is as diverse as it is in more natural stands. Eight 'Park' sites at manor houses around lake Malaren, Sweden were compared with trees in wooded meadows: eight grazed sites, here termed 'Open', and 11 sites regrown with younger trees, termed 'Re-grown'. The comparison was made on lime trees (Tilia spp.): one of the most frequent tree species in old parks which host a diverse beetle fauna. Beetles were sampled with window traps, which in total caught 14,460 saproxylic beetles belonging to 323 species, of which 50 were red-listed. When comparing all saproxylic species, 'Park' sites had significantly fewer species than 'Open' sites. However, for beetles in hollow trees and for red-listed species there was no significant difference, the number in 'Park' being intermediate between 'Open' and 'Re-grown'. Species composition differed between sites, but only marginally so. Therefore, the conclusion is that old park trees on average are as valuable for faunal diversity as trees in more natural sites. Large conservation benefits can be obtained by combining cultural and conservational values in the management of park habitats.
|
|
| 40. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Proportions of saproxylic beetle populations that utilise clear-cut stumps in a boreal landscape - Biodiversity implications for stump harvest
- 2014
-
In: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 334, s. 313–320-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many saproxylic insects (insects dependent on deadwood) are threatened because the amounts of suitable substrate, coarse woody debris (CWD), are low in managed forests. Harvesting clear-cut stumps for bioenergy will decrease these amounts further and may therefore contribute to loss of biodiversity. Earlier studies have demonstrated that many saproxylic beetle species utilise clear-cut stumps. However, the importance of stumps compared with other kinds of deadwood remains unknown. In particular, some species adapted to sun-exposed deadwood created by disturbances might, in managed forest landscapes, be dependent on stumps in clear-cuts. In the present study we quantify the proportions of landscape- wide populations of saproxylic beetles that are recruited from clear-cut stumps in a managed boreal forest landscape. The amount of bark on clear-cut stumps and population densities (beetles per m2 bark) were estimated for a 24,499 ha landscape in Sweden. Our data were pooled with estimates from a similar study in the same landscape, including all other types of CWD and beetle densities. The clear-cut stumps were estimated to contribute 15.5% of total bark to CWD in the landscape. For spruce, clear-cut stumps contributed 37.9% of the total bark. Of 39 analysed beetle species, 13 were estimated to have more than 10% of their populations in clear-cut stumps, 9 more than 50%, and 5 more than 80%. Clear-Cut stumps are thus an important breeding substrate for many beetle species and consequently, intensive stump harvest risks decreasing biodiversity.
|
|
| 41. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Saproxylic beetles in natural and man-made deciduous high stumps retained for conservation
- 2004
-
In: Biological Conservation. - : Elsevier. - 0006-3207 .- 1873-2917. ; 118:2, s. 163-173
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Intensive forest management in Scandinavia has decreased the amount of dead wood required by saproxylic (wood-living) organisms. To reduce this problem, some dead wood is now retained during forest operations, often in the form of man-made high stumps (ca. 4 m high). Most often these stumps are cut with a harvester, although the stumps in this study were made with explosives. The aims of this study were to determine whether such stumps of aspen (Populus tremula) and birch (Betula spp.) could be used by red-listed saproxylic beetles (Coleoptera), and to examine how the fauna of man-made high stumps differs from that of natural stumps. We also studied how tree species, sun-exposure, stage of decay and trunk diameter influenced the fauna. In 169 samples of bark from high stumps 116 saproxylic species were found, of which 21 were red-listed. Many species, including red-listed ones, were more associated with man-made stumps than with natural stumps. However, in total, more species were found in the natural than in the man-made stumps. This is probably because man-made stumps provide a more homogeneous type of wood substrate than natural ones. Among the other variables the difference between aspen and birch was the most important. We conclude that man-made high stumps are valuable habitats for many saproxylic beetle species.
|
|
| 42. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Saproxylic Hymenoptera in dead wood retained on clear cuts, relation to wood parameters and their degree of specialisation
- 2023
-
In: Journal of Insect Conservation. - : Springer. - 1366-638X .- 1572-9753. ; 27:2, s. 347-359
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Intensive forestry is a threat to biodiversity, and therefore actions are made to mitigate this loss. The actions are, however, designed based on available knowledge about the requirements of species, and for saproxylic insects this concerns mainly Coleoptera, while the diverse but poorly known Hymenoptera has contributed less. In this paper we therefore asked whether the substrate requirements of Hymenoptera (divided as parasitoids and non-parasitoids) are similar to those of Coleoptera and Diptera. We used an insect material reared from logging residue wood for the comparison. Theoretically parasitoid Hyme- noptera should be less specialised than Coleoptera and other host species as they belong to a higher trophic level. However, we found no such difference and even an opposite trend, that parasitoids were more specialised than beetles. Parasitoids had significantly more species in newly dead wood of fine diameter (1–4 cm, compared to coarse wood of 8–15 cm) compared to other groups. This is probably due to that many of them have bark beetles as hosts. The non-parasitoids were less specialised than the other groups and more confined to old wood (4–5 years), which is in line with that many of them are aculeate wasps building nests in emergence holes from other insects.Implications for insect conservation The habitat requirements of Hymenoptera suggest that the conservation actions designed for the well known groups are also applicable for them. The parasitoids’ association to trivial substrates (fine wood) sug- gest a good supply of breeding habitat, whereas their high specialisation in combination with higher trophic level suggest they contain an even higher proportion of threatened species than Coleoptera. How this is traded off needs further studies.
|
|
| 43. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Skalbaggar
- 2016
-
In: Upplandsstiftelsen Rapport. ; , s. 147-148
-
Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Structure of insect community in the fungus Inonotus radiatus in riparian boreal forests
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Natural History. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-2933 .- 1464-5262. ; 50, s. 1613-1631
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Basidiomes of polypore fungi host many insects. Yet systematic information about insect assemblages from most fungal species is lacking. We studied the insect community associated with the wood-decaying fungus Inonotus radiatus (Sowerby: Fr.) P. Karst. (Hymenochaetales). More specifically, we studied the effect of successional stage and weight of basidiomes, as well as shore exposition (north or south), on species richness and composition, as well as occurrence and abundance of the most abundant fungivores. Basidiomes were collected from riparian forests at five lakes in Sweden. Insects were reared out from the basidiomes in the laboratory. A total of 5645 adult insect individuals of 117 taxa were obtained. Among these, 2782 specimens of 36 taxa use Inonotus radiatus basidiomes as breeding habitat. Eight species of parasitic wasps were new to Sweden. The most abundant fungi- vore was Ennearthron cornutum (Ciidae), which is a generalist breeding in many polypore species. Based on our material and literature, the melandryid beetles Abdera affinis and A. flexuosa seem to be specialists on the order Hymenochaetales. Other fre- quent fungivores were Dorcatoma dresdensis (Ptinidae), and the lepidopterans Archinemapogon yildizae, Nemapogon cloacellus and N. picarellus (Tineidae). The parasitoid community associated with the tineid moths was similar to the community associated with the other polypore species in the order Polyporales. In contrast, the parasitoids associated with Dorcatoma (and/or Abdera) were dif- ferent from the other Polyporales species, suggesting that the fungal host species is more important for these parasitoid species than the beetle host species itself. The most abundant and fre- quent parasitoids were the braconids Diospilus dispar and Colastes fritzeni, which both parasitise Dorcatoma. Species richness was significantly smaller in fresh than in more decayed basidiomes, but species composition did not differ. There was no difference in species composition or richness between north and south shorelines.
|
|
| 46. |
- Jonsell, Mats
(author)
-
Stubbrytning - ett hot mot vedskalbaggar?
- 2016
-
In: Entomologisk tidskrift. - 0013-886X. ; 137, s. 151-161
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stump harvest after clear felling is a new method to extract bioenergy from the forest. However, removing coarse dead wood from the forest landscape might be in conflict with preserving the saproxylic (wood-living) biodiversity. This paper summarizes results from research investigating what effect we can expect on wood-living beetles. Species lists from 10 studies comprising a total of 549 beetle species were compiled. Of these species, 320 were classified as saproxylic. In spruce stumps the studies detected 44% of the Swedish saproxylic beetle fauna that has been categorized as ”living in spruce wood”. However, deciduous stumps seem richer in red-listed species. Some species associated with sun-exposed wood have a large proportion of their populations in clear-felling stumps. This indicates that a large-scale removal of the stumps will potentially threaten many species. The present focus to target spruce at stumps harvest, is well motivated from the saproxylic beetles’ view.
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Stubbskörd och biologisk mångfald
- 2017
-
In: Stubbskörd - hur påverkas klimat och miljö?. - 9789157694546 ; , s. 67-71
-
Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
|
|
| 49. |
- Jonsell, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Stump extraction and biodiversity
- 2017
-
In: Stump harvesting: impact on climate and environment. ; :43: TR 2017:02, s. 67-74
-
Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
