| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Bräutigam, Marcus, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Development of Swedish winter oat with gene technology and molecular breeding
- 2006
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In: J. Seed Science. - 0039-6990. ; 116:1-2, s. 12-35
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In Sweden, oat (Avena sativa) is only grown as a spring crop. A Swedish winter oat, on the other hand, would give increased yields and would secure oat in Swedish agriculture. During three consecutive winters we performed field trials with oat aiming at identifying potential winter material. More than 300 varieties, originating from breeding programs all over the world, were tested. Plants were rated according to winter survival, vigour and general performance during the following growth season and more than 20 lines were identified that were cold hardier than present commercial oat varieties. In parallel experiments a cDNA library was constructed from cold induced English winter oat (Gerald) and ca 10000 EST sequences were generated. After data mining a UniGene set of 2800 oat genes was obtained. By detailed analysis of microarray data from cold stressed Arabidopsis and by advanced bioinformatics, gene interactions in the complex cold induced signal transduction pathway were deduced. By comparison to the oat UniGene set, several genes potentially involved in the regulation of cold hardiness in oat were identified. An Agrobacterium mediated transformation protocol was developed for one oat genotype. Key regulatory genes in cold acclimation will be introduced to oat by genetic transformation or modified by TILLING. Such genes will be used as molecular markers in intogression of winter hardiness to commercial oat.
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| 3. |
- Chawade, Aakash, 1980, et al.
(author)
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Development of a model system to identify differences in spring and winter oat
- 2012
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our long-term goal is to develop a Swedish winter oat (Avena sativa). To identify molecular differences that correlate with winter hardiness, a winter oat model comprising of both non-hardy spring lines and winter hardy lines is needed. To achieve this, we selected 294 oat breeding lines, originating from various Russian, German, and American winter oat breeding programs and tested them in the field in south- and western Sweden. By assaying for winter survival and agricultural properties during four consecutive seasons, we identified 14 breeding lines of different origins that not only survived the winter but also were agronomically better than the rest. Laboratory tests including electrolytic leakage, controlled crown freezing assay, expression analysis of the AsVrn1 gene and monitoring of flowering time suggested that the American lines had the highest freezing tolerance, although the German lines performed better in the field. Finally, six lines constituting the two most freezing tolerant lines, two intermediate lines and two spring cultivars were chosen to build a winter oat model system. Metabolic profiling of non-acclimated and cold acclimated leaf tissue samples isolated from the six selected lines revealed differential expression patterns of 245 metabolites including several sugars, amino acids, organic acids and 181 hitherto unknown metabolites. The expression patterns of 107 metabolites showed significant interactions with either a cultivar or a time-point. Further identification, characterisation and validation of these metabolites will lead to an increased understanding of the cold acclimation process in oats. Furthermore, by using the winter oat model system, differential sequencing of crown mRNA populations would lead to identification of various biomarkers to facilitate winter oat breeding. © 2012 Chawade et al.
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| 4. |
-
Andra män : Maskulinitet, normskapande och jämställdhet
- 2012. - 1
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sverige är världens mest jämställda land, med världens mest jämställda män. Åtminstone framställs det ofta så, både i offentlig debatt och i vardagliga samtal. Denna bild av den normale svenska mannen upprätthålls dock genom att något annat - eller någon annan - skapas som avvikande, annorlunda, obegriplig eller sjuk.I den här antologin diskuteras hur det som uppfattas som goda handlingar används för att representera det gemensamma, medan våldsbrott, kvinnomisshandel och sexism förklaras som ett verk av Andra män. Är det därför som män som misshandlat kvinnor har så svårt att se sig själva som kvinnomisshandlare? Är det därför som fördomsfulla stereotyper av invandrarmän används som förklaring till brott eller sexism?Hur kommer det sig i så fall att även feministiska män skapas som avvikande? Och vilka föreställningar utmanas egentligen när äldre män beskriver sina växande bröst som sexuellt laddade och njutbara? Varför kan män med funktionsnedsättning inte debattera hjälp till sex utan att ses som kvinnoförtryckare? Eller varför är pedofilen så närvarande i samtal mellan unga män på ett behandlingshem, medan mäns sexuella våld mot barn är så frånvarande i svenska diskussioner om mäns föräldraskap och män i barnomsorg?I Andra män diskuterar forskare från antropologi, genusvetenskap, socialt arbete, sociologi och ungdomsvetenskap hur Andra män pekas ut som avvikande, men också hur dessa män hanterar utpekandet.
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| 5. |
-
Andra män : Maskulinitet, jämställdhet och normskapande
- 2012
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sverige är världens mest jämställda land, med världens mest jämställda män. Åtminstone framställs det ofta så, både i offentlig debatt och i vardagliga samtal. Denna bild av den normale svenska mannen upprätthålls dock genom att något annat - eller någon annan - skapas som avvikande, annorlunda, obegriplig eller sjuk.I den här antologin diskuteras hur det som uppfattas som goda handlingar används för att representera det gemensamma, medan våldsbrott, kvinnomisshandel och sexism förklaras som ett verk av Andra män. Är det därför som män som misshandlat kvinnor har så svårt att se sig själva som kvinnomisshandlare? Är det därför som fördomsfulla stereotyper av invandrarmän används som förklaring till brott eller sexism?Hur kommer det sig i så fall att även feministiska män skapas som avvikande? Och vilka föreställningar utmanas egentligen när äldre män beskriver sina växande bröst som sexuellt laddade och njutbara? Varför kan män med funktionsnedsättning inte debattera hjälp till sex utan att ses som kvinnoförtryckare? Eller varför är pedofilen så närvarande i samtal mellan unga män på ett behandlingshem, medan mäns sexuella våld mot barn är så frånvarande i svenska diskussioner om mäns föräldraskap och män i barnomsorg?I Andra män diskuterar forskare från antropologi, genusvetenskap, socialt arbete, sociologi och ungdomsvetenskap hur Andra män pekas ut som avvikande, men också hur dessa män hanterar utpekandet.
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| 6. |
- Andreasson, Fredrik
(author)
-
Retande, berättelser och kategoriseringar : Om vänskap och kärlek i barns relationsprat
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis focuses on how middle school children organize peer group relationships through various forms of so-called relational talk (Evaldsson, 2007), while they also negotiate and more generally make sense of friendships and romantic relationships. Prior micro-sociological research has demonstrated how children in everyday language practices through, for example, teasing, assessments, and storytelling—articulate and manage social relationships and behaviors, moral views, and shared cultural knowledge, thereby constructing their emerging social worlds (see Goodwin & Kyratzis, 2011, for an overview). Several ethnographic studies have also shown how children in everyday peer group interactions construct gendered cultures, encompassing gender hierarchies and heteronormative ordering, while managing social relationships (Renold, 2005). This study is a continued exploration into these areas, building on ethnographic fieldwork, including participant observations, video recordings, and focus group interviews with friendship groups among children in two fifth grade classes in a Swedish school setting. The analysis draws on an ethnomethodological multimodal interactional approach to talk-in- interaction (Goodwin, 1990), combined with membership categorization work (Stokoe, 2010) and ethnographic knowledge of the local culture (Evaldsson, 2021; Goodwin, 2014).The analysis shows that humor-oriented language practices, such as teasing and joking, function as a resource for children to address potentially sensitive and/or embarrassing aspects of social relationships, where humor and collective laughter work as a de-dramatizing resource while building local peer group relationships (cf. Eder, 1991). Moreover, the results show that children’s way of articulating and making sense of their views on friendship and romance through storytelling, assessments, and jocular play is related to a moral dimension, as they index and negotiate (un)acceptable behaviors. This dimension becomes visible through their invocation and management of membership categorizations, person descriptions, and evaluative comments in their local identity work. Simultaneously, the analysis demonstrates how ethnographic knowledge of children’s social life is central in understanding how wider social dynamics become part of the local peer cultures of preteen children (Evaldsson, 2005a; Goodwin, 2011), especially regarding how the negotiation of local categories and their embedded meanings is related to wider social categorizations of gender, social class, and age. Overall, this thesis demonstrates how children as social actors use a variety of interactional resources (i.e., talk, laughter, loud voices, facial expressions, smiles, and gestures) to organize local peer group relationships, while collectively staging, negotiating, and making sense of both romance and friendship.
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| 7. |
- Behtoui, Alireza, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Sweden: The "Otherization" of the Descendants of Immigrants
- 2019. - 2
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In: The Palgrave Handbook of Race and Ethnic Inequalities in Education. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783319947235 - 9783319947242 ; , s. 999-1034
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This chapter offers a systematic review of the literature on educational inequality and school attainments of immigrants’ offspring in Sweden. The review covers research conducted between 1990 and 2015 and critically examines how different research traditions explain this inequality. The chapter begins by mapping the key characteristics of the Swedish educational system together with Swedish immigration patterns. Thereafter, five major research traditions that explain educational inequality and ethnic background in Sweden are presented. These perspectives include (1) political arithmetic; (2) racism and discrimination; (3) language proficiency tradition; (4) school choice and school segregation; and (5) cultural and social capital and socio-historical contexts. The ‘political arithmetic’ tradition, which starts mainly from a positivistic approach and employs large-scale, quantitative research strategies, has focused on the individual and demographic characteristics of pupils. The main assumption of the other research clusters is that there are important contextual circumstances (beyond individual factors) which decisively affect the educational achievements of the descendants of immigrants. While often dominated by qualitative approaches, these types of research do sometimes include quantitatively designed studies. These research traditions take a more critical stance on government policies, which have produced an extremely segregated school system, and show the consequences of a concentration of children of families from vulnerable groups (economically disadvantaged and immigrant groups in marginalized neighborhoods) in schools with limited resources.
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| 8. |
- Björkblom, Benny, et al.
(author)
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Distinct metabolic hallmarks of WHO classified adult glioma subtypes
- 2022
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In: Neuro-Oncology. - : Oxford University Press. - 1522-8517 .- 1523-5866. ; 24:9, s. 1454-1468
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Gliomas are complex tumors with several genetic aberrations and diverse metabolic programs contributing to their aggressive phenotypes and poor prognoses. This study defines key metabolic features that can be used to differentiate between glioma subtypes, with potential for improved diagnostics and subtype targeted therapy.METHODS: Cross-platform global metabolomic profiling coupled with clinical, genetic, and pathological analysis of glioma tissue from 224 tumors - oligodendroglioma (n=31), astrocytoma (n=31) and glioblastoma (n=162) - were performed. Identified metabolic phenotypes were evaluated in accordance with the WHO classification, IDH-mutation, 1p/19q-codeletion, WHO-grading 2-4, and MGMT promoter methylation.RESULTS: Distinct metabolic phenotypes separate all six analyzed glioma subtypes. IDH-mutated subtypes, expressing 2-hydroxyglutaric acid, were clearly distinguished from IDH-wildtype subtypes. Considerable metabolic heterogeneity outside of the mutated IDH pathway were also evident, with key metabolites being high expression of glycerophosphates, inositols, monosaccharides and sugar alcohols and low levels of sphingosine and lysoglycerophospholipids in IDH-mutants. Among the IDH-mutated subtypes, we observed high levels of amino acids, especially glycine and 2-aminoadipic acid, in grade 4 glioma, and N-acetyl aspartic acid in low-grade astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma. Both IDH-wildtype and mutated oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma were characterized by high levels of acylcarnitines, likely driven by rapid cell growth and hypoxic features. We found elevated levels of 5-HIAA in gliosarcoma and a subtype of oligodendroglioma not yet defined as a specific entity, indicating a previously not described role for the serotonin pathway linked to glioma with bimorphic tissue.CONCLUSION: Key metabolic differences exist across adult glioma subtypes.
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| 9. |
- Bornäs, Hanna, 1983-
(author)
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Subjects of Violence : On Gender and Recognition in Young Men’s Violence Against Women
- 2022
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The dissertation concerns young men’s violence against women partners. It is based on in-depth qualitative interviews with nine men who have been violent against women partners in their youth, and an additional interview with the mother of one of the young men. The method is informed by Hollway and Jefferson’s psychosocial methodology and Hydén’s teller-focused interview approach. The interviewees’ stories of violence are analysed combining psychoanalytic theories of intersubjectivity with an attention to discourses. The aim of the dissertation is to explore men’s experiences of being violent against women partners in youth and to investigate the gendered intersubjective dynamics of young men’s violence against women partners. Jessica Benjamin’s theories on gender and recognition are central to the analyses, and other feminist, psychoanalytic and psychosocial theories are used in the dissertation’s analysis of the men’s stories of violence. The study highlights the role of early relationships, gendered identifications, recognition, and discourses of masculinity and sexuality in using and desisting from violence. Men’s identifications and disidentifications with violent father figures are particularly significant, as are relationships with male peers in youth and the men’s (denied) vulnerabilities. The temporality and liminality of youth are also explored, as the first romantic relationship poses particular challenges to young men who have been exposed to violence and abuse from a young age, or who lack parental support. The time of youth figures as a porous boundary of old and new dependencies, hierarchies and relationship patterns. It is shown how the men’s definitions of violence are also shifting, and the particular nexus of love and aggression within relationships is thus highlighted. Violent situations are demonstrated to denote a breakdown in mutual recognition, which, using Benjamin’s notions, takes the form of oneness – denying difference and alterity – or twoness – over-emphasizing difference and complementarity. In line with Donald Winnicott, these processes of non-recognition involve failed destruction and survival – the inability on the part of the men to tolerate their partners’ acts of negation without retaliating. Desisting from violence consequently involves striving towards an ideal of thirdness or reciprocal recognition.Another central finding is the prevailing experiences of exerting sexual coercion in youth. In situations of pressurized sex, the men fail to recognize the sexual subjectivity of the woman other. The change in the interviewee’s experiences troubles a linear temporality, and by using the psychoanalytic notion of afterwardsness – it is shown how the men become retroactive perpetrators, which reorganizes their embodied and affective memories and subjectivities. By stressing the nonlinear qualities of temporality and memories, this dissertation destabilizes the idea of childhood and youth, pointing to the unfinished and (re-)constructed nature of these life phases, while simultaneously arguing for their vital importance and ‘real’ influence in the lives of subjects. This is thus a contribution to youth studies as well as an argument for broadening the conception of the youth subject.
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| 10. |
- Botsis, Hannah, et al.
(author)
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Speaking Ortensvenska in Prestigious Spaces : Contemporary Urban Vernacular and Social Positioning at an Inner-city Stockholm School
- 2022
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In: Journal of Language, Identity & Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1534-8458 .- 1532-7701. ; 21:2, s. 67-82
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article investigates how a contemporary urban vernacular (CUV) called Ortensvenska is used for social positioning at a prestigious inner-city Stockholm school. Previous studies have indicated that CUV is often a feature of those on the societal margins, but little research has focused on prestigious spaces where high-achieving students challenge these stereotypes. Drawing on linguistically oriented ethnographic fieldwork among students at a prestigious school, we show how Ortensvenska is used to construct space, class, and identity in everyday school life. It was found that the use of Ortensvenska maintains social asymmetries between class, ethnicity, and place among students at the school. The paper also shows how these linguistic practices blur a fixed separation between languages, styles, and places. We suggest, therefore, that space plays an important role in the analysis of youths' language practices.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Elfwén, Ludvig, et al.
(author)
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Coronary angiography in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest without ST elevation on ECG-Short- and long-term survival.
- 2018
-
In: American Heart Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 200, s. 90-95
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The potential benefit of early coronary angiography in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients without ST elevation on ECG is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between early coronary angiography and survival in these patients.METHODS: Nationwide observational study between 2008 and 2013. Included were patients admitted to hospital after witnessed OHCA, with shockable rhythm, age 18 to 80 years and unconscious. Patients with ST-elevation on ECG were excluded. Patients that underwent early CAG (within 24 hours) were compared with no early CAG (later during the hospital stay or not at all). Outcomes were survival at 30 days, 1 year, and 3 years. Multivariate analysis included pre-hospital factors, comorbidity and ECG-findings.RESULTS: In total, 799 OHCA patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of which 275 (34%) received early CAG versus 524 (66%) with no early CAG. In the early CAG group, the proportion of patients with an occluded coronary artery was 27% and 70% had at least one significant coronary stenosis (defined as narrowing of coronary lumen diameter of ≥50%). The 30-day survival rate was 65% in early CAG group versus 52% with no early CAG (P < .001). The adjusted OR was 1.42 (95% CI 1.00-2.02). The one-year survival rate was 62% in the early CAG group versus 48% in the no early CAG group with the adjusted hazard ratio of 1.35 (95% CI 1.04-1.77).CONCLUSION: In this population of bystander-witnessed cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with shockable rhythm and ECG without ST elevation, early coronary angiography may be associated with improved short and long term survival.
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| 13. |
- Ericsson, Stina, et al.
(author)
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Språket är ett effektivt verktyg för att förändra normer
- 2020
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In: Dagens nyheter. - : AB Dagens nyheter. - 1101-2447.
-
Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- För den som vill förändra normer i samhället är språket ett effektivt verktyg. Det är inte nödvändigtvis nya ord i sig som gör den stora skillnaden, utan de diskussioner som orden är en del av, där inövade tankar och mönster prövas mot andras sätt att tänka, skriver åtta språkforskare.
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| 14. |
- G. Franzén, Anna, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Fear, anger and desire : Affect and the interactional intricacies of rape humor on a live podcast
- 2020
-
In: Language in society (London. Print). - 0047-4045 .- 1469-8013. ; 50:5, s. 763-786
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aggressive, sexist humor is often understood as expressions of inner, misogynist attitudes. This article, however, investigates rape humor as a collective and interactive phenomenon. Drawing on an infamous Swedish podcast episode, we illuminate rape humor in terms of affect, desire, and repression (Butler 1987; Billig 1999), and as such, how taboo-breaking arouses both pleasure and fear among the participants. The analyses detail affective practices that both promote and discipline affects. The men in the group interpellate one of the participants as a clown, someone whose taboo-breaking they interactionally support and simultaneously distance themselves from. The article concludes that affects, like subject positions, are interpellated in interaction. Building on Wetherell’s (2013) understanding of affect as both discursive and embodied, we suggest a reintroduction of repression/desire into a discursively oriented framework.
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| 15. |
- Gottzén, Lucas, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Goda män och Andra män
- 2012. - 1
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In: Andra män. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789140677280 ; , s. 7-23
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sverige är världens mest jämställda land, med världens mest jämställda män. Åtminstone framställs det ofta så, både i offentlig debatt och i vardagliga samtal. Denna bild av den normale svenska mannen upprätthålls dock genom att något annat - eller någon annan - skapas som avvikande, annorlunda, obegriplig eller sjuk.I den här antologin diskuteras hur det som uppfattas som goda handlingar används för att representera det gemensamma, medan våldsbrott, kvinnomisshandel och sexism förklaras som ett verk av Andra män. Är det därför som män som misshandlat kvinnor har så svårt att se sig själva som kvinnomisshandlare? Är det därför som fördomsfulla stereotyper av invandrarmän används som förklaring till brott eller sexism?Hur kommer det sig i så fall att även feministiska män skapas som avvikande? Och vilka föreställningar utmanas egentligen när äldre män beskriver sina växande bröst som sexuellt laddade och njutbara? Varför kan män med funktionsnedsättning inte debattera hjälp till sex utan att ses som kvinnoförtryckare? Eller varför är pedofilen så närvarande i samtal mellan unga män på ett behandlingshem, medan mäns sexuella våld mot barn är så frånvarande i svenska diskussioner om mäns föräldraskap och män i barnomsorg?I Andra män diskuterar forskare från antropologi, genusvetenskap, socialt arbete, sociologi och ungdomsvetenskap hur Andra män pekas ut som avvikande, men också hur dessa män hanterar utpekandet.
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| 16. |
- Gottzén, Lucas, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Goda män och Andra män
- 2012
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In: Andra män. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789140677280 ; , s. 7-23
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Holmström, Ingela, et al.
(author)
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Communicating and hand(ling) technologies : everyday life in educational settings where pupils with cochlear implants are mainstreamed
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Different technologies are commonly used in mainstream classrooms to teach pupils who wear surgically implanted cochlear hearing aids. We focus on these technologies, their application, how pupils react to them, and how they affect mainstream classrooms in Sweden. Our findings indicate that language ideologies play out in specific ways in such technified environments. The hegemonic position wielded by adults with regard to the use of technology usage has specific implications for pupils with cochlear implants.
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| 19. |
- Holmström, Ingela, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Communicating and Hand(ling) Technologies : Everyday Life in Educational Settings Where Pupils With Cochlear Implants Are Mainstreamed
- 2015
-
In: Journal of Linguistic Anthropology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1055-1360 .- 1548-1395. ; 25:3, s. 256-284
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Different technologies are commonly used in mainstream classrooms to teach pupils who wear surgically implanted cochlear hearing aids. We focus on these technologies, their application, how pupils react to them, and how they affect mainstream classrooms in Sweden. Our findings indicate that language ideologies play out in specific ways in such technified environments. The hegemonic position wielded by adults with regard to the use of technology usage has specific implications for pupils with cochlear implants.
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| 20. |
- Holmström, Ingela, 1971-
(author)
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Learning by hearing? : Technological framings for participation
- 2013
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis examines technological framings for communication and identity issues, with a particular focus on Swedish mainstream schools where children with cochlear implants are pupils. Based on a sociocultural perspective on learning, the thesis focuses on how pupils and teachers interact with (and thus learn from) each other in classroom settings. The study comprises a) a sociohistorical analysis of three Swedish non-governmental organizations’ periodicals from 1891 to 2010, and b) an ethnographic study including micro-analyses of interaction in two mainstream classrooms where there are children with cochlear implants. The sociohistorical analysis illustrates how different technologies, in a range of ways, have shaped (i) how people with hearing loss communicate and interact with others and (ii) their identity positions. The analysis also demonstrates the presence of language ideologies in settings where children with hearing loss are taught. Here the main preference is for spoken communication, even though different types of visual communication emerge during the 1980s and 1990s. In addition, the issue of integration has been a matter of debate since the 1970s and provides a backdrop for the current situation, where an increasing number of children with cochlear implants receive their schooling in mainstream public rather than segregated regional deaf schools.Against this background, micro-analyses have been carried out of classroom interaction and recurring patterns and activities have been identified. The results illustrate that audiologically-oriented and communicative-link technologies play major roles in the classrooms and these both facilitate and limit the pupils’ participation. Based on postcolonial theory, the results can be understood in terms of participation and non-participation of the pupil with cochlear implants, who acquire peripheral identity positions in these classroom settings. The analysis also illuminates unequal power relations regarding technologies in use, and expressions of language ideologies in the classrooms, where spoken communication is preferred. Overall, the everyday life of children with cochlear implants in mainstream schools appears to be complex, and it is technologies in use that frame the conditions for their participation in interaction and communication.
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| 21. |
- Jonsson, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Inequalities in Income and Education Are Associated With Survival Differences After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest : Nationwide Observational Study
- 2021
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In: Circulation. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 144:24, s. 1915-1925
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Despite the acknowledged importance of socioeconomic factors as regards cardiovascular disease onset and survival, the relationship between individual-level socioeconomic factors and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is not established. Our aim was to investigate whether socioeconomic variables are associated with 30-day survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.METHODS: We linked data from the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with individual-level data on socioeconomic factors (ie, educational level and disposable income) from Statistics Sweden. Confounding and mediating variables included demographic factors, comorbidity, and Utstein resuscitation variables. Outcome was 30-day survival. Multiple modified Poisson regression was used for the main analyses.RESULTS: A total of 31 373 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occurring in 2010 to 2017 were included. Crude 30-day survival rates by income quintiles were as follows: Q1 (low), 414/6277 (6.6%); Q2, 339/6276 (5.4%); Q3, 423/6275 (6.7%); Q4, 652/6273 (10.4%); and Q5 (high), 928/6272 (14.8%). In adjusted analysis, the chance of survival by income level followed a gradient-like increase, with a risk ratio of 1.86 (95% CI, 1.65-2.09) in the highest-income quintile versus the lowest. This association remained after adjusting for comorbidity, resuscitation factors, and initial rhythm. A higher educational level was associated with improved 30-day survival, with the risk ratio associated with postsecondary education ≥4 years being 1.51 (95% CI, 1.30-1.74). Survival disparities by income and educational level were observed in both men and women.CONCLUSIONS: In this nationwide observational study using individual-level socioeconomic data, higher income and higher educational level were associated with better 30-day survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in both sexes.
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| 22. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1973
(author)
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A covariant formalism of spin precession with respect to a reference congruence
- 2006
-
In: Classical and Quantum Gravity. - : IOP Publishing. - 0264-9381 .- 1361-6382. ; 23:1, s. 37-59
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We derive an effectively three-dimensional relativistic spin precession formalism. The formalism is applicable to any spacetime where an arbitrary timelike reference congruence of worldlines is specified. We employ what we call a stopped spin vector which is the spin vectorthat we would get if we momentarily make a pure boost of the spin vector to stop it relative to the congruence. Starting from the Fermi transport equation for the standard spin vector we derive a corresponding transport equation for the stopped spin vector. Employing a spacetime transport equation for a vector along a worldline, corresponding to spatial parallel transport with respect to the congruence, we can write down a precession formula for a gyroscope relative to the local spatial geometry defined by the congruence. This general approach has already been pursued by Jantzen et al (see e.g. Jantzen R T, Carini P and Bini D 1992 Ann. Phys. 215 1-50), but the algebraic form of our respective expressions differs. We are also applying the formalism to a novel type of spatial parallel transport introduced in Jonsson (2006 Class. Quantum Grav. 23 1), as well as verifying the validity of the intuitive approach of aforthcoming paper (Jonsson 2006 forthcoming) where gyroscope precession is explained entirely as a double Thomas type of effect. We also present the resulting formalism in explicit three-dimensional form (using the boldface vector notation), and give examples of applications.
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| 23. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1973
(author)
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An intuitive approach to inertial forces and the centrifugal force paradox in general relativity
- 2006
-
In: American Journal of Physics. - : American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT). - 0002-9505 .- 1943-2909. ; 74:10, s. 905-916
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As the velocity of a rocket in a circular orbit near a black hole increases, the outwardly directed rocket thrust must increase to keep the rocket in its orbit. This feature might appear paradoxical from a Newtonian viewpoint, but we show that it follows naturally from the equivalence principle together with special relativity and a few general features of black holes. We also derive a general relativistic formalism of inertial forces for reference frames with acceleration and rotation. The resulting equation relates the real experienced forces to the time derivative of the speed and the spatial curvature of the particle trajectory relative to the reference frame. We show that an observer who follows the path taken by a free (geodesic) photon will experience a force perpendicular to the direction of motion that is independent of the observer's velocity. We apply our approach to resolve the submarine paradox, which regards whether a submerged submarine in a balanced state of rest will sink or float when given a horizontal velocity if we take relativistic effects into account. We extend earlier treatments of this topic to include spherical oceans and show that for the case of the Earth the submarine floats upward if we take the curvature of the ocean into account.
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| 24. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1971-
(author)
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Antirasismens Andra : Berättelser om förortselever i innerstadens gymnasium
- 2019
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In: Educare. - : Malmo University Library. - 1653-1868 .- 2004-5190. ; :4, s. 101-115
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The category of the “immigrant student”, which is often used in the educational setting from where the following study collects its data, is indeed an elusive one – especially so when it is employed as a label of students who have no experience of migration at all. The frequent use of the category is even more confusing, considering that Swedish publicity could be described as characterized by a hegemonic anti-racist discourse, including an often reproduced master narrative of a country which – except from a few right wing extremists – is considered to be a nation without racism. Drawing on linguistic ethnographic data from a fieldwork in a high prestigious secondary school in inner city Stockholm, this article examines how narratives of an unruly classroom behavior become associated with ”the young immigrant student” category, and furthermore, how students rhetorically manage the dilemma to tell that story without sounding disparaging. The paper is an investigation of anti-racist waysoftalkingaboutfailing students as the ethnic or racial Others.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1971-
(author)
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Blatte betyder kompis : Om maskulinitet och språk i en högstadieskola
- 2007
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis deals with masculinity and language among a group of teenage boys. Based on a year’s fieldwork at a middle school in a Stockholm suburb, the study focuses on how language is used to “perform” masculinity and how the stereotype of the “immigrant youth” emerges in daily communication in school. Inspired by contemporary theoretical work on gender and performativity, the thesis argues that “immigrant youth” is a subject position that emerges through the intersection of two related kinds of phenomena: (a) what particular individuals do with language, and (b) the attitudes and practices about “immigrant young men” present in society and communicated in the school environment. There is an ongoing debate about how youths in multiethnic suburbs speak poor Swedish and use inappropriate language. This thesis takes a critical stance toward the essentializing and moralizing dimensions of that debate. It explores how discussions about “suburban youth slang” and “sexist language” contribute to stereotypes about “immigrant youth” that demonize young men from immigrant backgrounds, even as they subtly work to establish the superiority and desirability of middle-class ethnic Swedish culture and people. In addition, the study examines the way in which communicative practices in the school constantly refer to a particular masculine position that function as an “absent presence” in the construction of “immigrant male youth”, namely the “fag”. The omnipresent threat of the “fag” works in particular ways to construct both a normative Swedishness and a normative heterosexual masculinity. These stereotypes emerge as important boundaries for what should not be said or done in everyday school life. The role of different categorizations in school is examined, and a main finding is that there are no fixed meanings of words as “immigrant” or “blatte” (darkie/immigrant). The labels may be used in processes of exclusion, but they are also in order to establish social relations and friendships among boys.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Jonsson, Rickard
(author)
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Boys' Anti-School Culture? Narratives and School Practices
- 2014
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In: Anthropology & Education Quarterly. - : Wiley. - 0161-7761 .- 1548-1492. ; 45:3, s. 276-292
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Boys' underachievement and oppositional behavior in school has for a long time been the target of various public debates. Drawing on ethnographic data from fieldwork in two Swedish secondary schools, this article explores how the influential theory of boys' anti-school culture can be interpreted as a master narrative that is reproduced, but also contradicted and subverted, by students and teachers in social interaction within local school contexts.
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| 29. |
- Jonsson, Rickard
(author)
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Framgång och motgång
- 2008
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In: Invandrare och minoriteter. ; :2-3
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Generalizing optical geometry
- 2006
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In: Classical and Quantum Gravity. - : IOP Publishing. - 0264-9381 .- 1361-6382. ; 23:1, s. 61-76
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We show that by employing the standard projected curvature as a measure of spatial curvature, we can make a certain generalization of optical geometry (Abramowicz M A and Lasota J-P 1997 Class. Quantum Grav. A 14 23-30). This generalization applies to any spacetime that admits a hypersurface orthogonal shearfree congruence of worldlines. This is a somewhat larger class of spacetimes than the conformally static spacetimes assumed in standard optical geometry. In the generalized optical geometry, which in the generic case is time dependent, photons move with unit speed along spatial geodesics and the sideways force experienced by a particle following a spatially straight line is independent of the velocity. Also gyroscopes moving along spatial geodesics do not precess (relative to the forward direction). Gyroscopes that follow a curved spatial trajectory precess according to a very simple law of three-rotation. We also present an inertial force formalism in coordinate representation for this generalization. Furthermore, we show that by employing a new sense of spatial curvature (Jonsson R 2006 Class. Quantum Grav. 23 1)) closely connected to Fermat's principle, we can make a more extensive generalization of optical geometry that applies to arbitrary spacetimes. In general this optical geometry will be time dependent, but still geodesic photons move with unit speed and follow lines that are spatially straight in the new sense. Also, the sideways experienced (comoving) force on a test particle following a line that is straight in the new sense will be independent of the velocity.
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| 32. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1973
(author)
-
Gravity Illustrated. Spacetime Edition
- 2004
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis deals with essentially four different topics within general relativity: pedagogical techniques for illustrating curved spacetime, inertial forces, gyroscope precession and optical geometry. Concerning the pedagogical techniques, I investigate two distinctly different methods, the dual and the absolute method. In the dual scheme, I start from the geodesic equation in a 1+1 static, diagonal, Lorentzian spacetime, such as the Schwarzschild radial line element. I then find another metric, with Euclidean signature, which produces the same geodesics x(t). This geodesically equivalent dual metric can be embedded in ordinary Euclidean space. Freely falling particles correspond to straight lines on the embedded surface. In the absolute scheme, I start from an arbitrary Lorentzian spacetime with a given field of timelike four-velocities uμ. I then perform a coordinate transformation to the local Minkowski system comoving with the given four-velocity at every point. In the local system the sign of the spatial part of the metric is flipped to create a new metric of Euclidean signature. For the particular case of two dimensions we may embed this absolute geometry as a curved surface. The method is well suited for visualizing gravitational time dilation, cosmological expansion and black holes. Concerning inertial forces, gyroscope precession and optical geometry, the general framework is based on the introduction of a congruence of reference worldlines in an arbitrary spacetime. This allows us to describe the local motion and acceleration of particles in terms of the speed relative to the congruence, the time derivative of the speed and the spatial curvature (project down along the reference congruence) of the corresponding worldline. I present two papers concerning inertial forces in this framework, one formal and one intuitive. I also present two papers concerning gyroscope precession, again one formal and one intuitive. In particular I illustrate how one can explain gyroscope precession in an arbitrary stationary spacetime as a double Thomas precession effect. Introducing a novel type of spatial curvature measure for the worldline of a test particle, we present a natural way of generalizing the theory of optical geometry to include arbitrary spacetimes. The generalized optical geometry allows us to do optical geometry across the horizon of a black hole.
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| 33. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1973
(author)
-
Gyroscope precession in special and general relativity from basic principles
- 2007
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In: American Journal of Physics. - : American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT). - 0002-9505 .- 1943-2909. ; 75:5, s. 463-471
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In special relativity a gyroscope that is suspended in a torque-free manner will precess as it is moved along a curved path relative to an inertial frame S. We explain this effect, which is known as Thomas precession, by considering a real grid that moves along with the gyroscope, and that by definition is not rotating as observed from its own momentary inertial rest frame. From the basic properties of the Lorentz transformation we deduce how the form and rotation of the grid (and hence the gyroscope) will evolve relative to S. As an intermediate step we consider how the grid would appear if it were not length contracted along the direction of motion. We show that the uncontracted grid obeys a simple law of rotation. This law simplifies the analysis of spin precession compared to more traditional approaches based on Fermi transport. We also consider gyroscope precession relative to an accelerated reference frame and show that there are extra precession effects that can be explained in a way analogous to the Thomas precession. Although fully relativistically correct, the entire analysis is carried out using three-vectors. By using the equivalence principle the formalism can also be applied to static spacetimes in general relativity. As an example, we calculate the precession of a gyroscope orbiting a static black hole. (C) 2007 American Association of Physics Teachers.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1973
(author)
-
Inertial forces and the foundations of optical geometry
- 2006
-
In: Classical and Quantum Gravity. - : IOP Publishing. - 0264-9381 .- 1361-6382. ; 23:1, s. 1-36
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Assuming a general timelike congruence of worldlines as a reference frame, we derive a covariant general formalism of inertial forces in general relativity. Inspired by the works of Abramowicz et al (see e.g. Abramowicz and Lasota 1997 Class. Quantum Grav. 14 A23-30), we also study conformal rescalings of spacetime and investigate how these affect the inertial force formalism. While many ways of describing spatial curvature of a trajectory have been discussed in papers prior to this, one particular prescription (which differs from the standard projected curvature when the reference congruence is shearing), appears novel. For the particular case of a hypersurface-forming congruence, using a suitable rescaling of spacetime, we show that a geodesic photon always follows a line that is spatially straight with respect to the new curvature measure. This fact is intimately connected to Fermat's principle, and allows for a certain generalization of the optical geometry as will be further pursued in a companion paper (Jonsson and Westman 2006 Class. Quantum Grav. 23 61). For the particular case when the shear tensor vanishes, we present the inertial force equation in a three-dimensional form (using the bold-face vector notation), and note how similar it is to its Newtonian counterpart. From the spatial curvature measures that we introduce, we derive corresponding covariant differentiations of a vector defined along a spacetime trajectory. This allows us to connect the formalism of this paper to that of Jantzen and co-workers (see e.g. Bini et al 1997 Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 6 143-98).
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, et al.
(author)
-
Jypp, Dompa och Jackson Pollock : Berättelser om plats, förortiska och överklass i ett innerstadsgymnasium
- 2020
-
In: Utbildning och Demokrati. - : Orebro University. - 1102-6472 .- 2001-7316. ; 29:3, s. 5-29
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Jypp, Dompa and Jackson Pollock: Narratives on place, urbanvernaculars, and upper class at a prestigious upper secondaryschool. Labelling a linguistic style by appointing it to certain groupsof speakers and where they live can be a deeply problematic enterpriseas both identities, language use and space become fixed and limited. InSweden the speech style called Rinkeby Swedish (RS) has become an icon of ethnic Otherness, educational failure, and of an aggressive sexist and homophobic masculinity – ascribed to a fixed locality in the outskirtsof the big cities. In this paper we have turned our gaze towards a place that have typically not been associated with RS before: a Stockholm elite school. The analysis reveals how a group of students, illustrated by how the participant Wille, perform authenticity and indexically anchor their linguistic practices and epistemics in various linguistic contexts. In a case study, we explore how the participants talk about and use, not one but many different linguistic styles. We argue that the participants employ these styles as resources to comment on locality as well as social hierarchies in the school and the society at large.
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| 43. |
- Jonsson, Rickard
(author)
-
Killar som kallas invandrare
- 2008
-
In: Maskulinitet på schemat. - : Liber, Stockholm.
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 44. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1971-, et al.
(author)
-
Making the threatening other laughable : Ambiguous performances of urban vernaculars in Swedish media
- 2020
-
In: Language & Communication. - : Elsevier BV. - 0271-5309 .- 1873-3395. ; 71, s. 1-15
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The threatening young man who speaks Rinkeby Swedish has become a culturally recognizable ‘figure of personhood’ (Agha, 2007) of linguistic and ethnic otherness in Sweden. Drawing upon Billig's theory of humour, we illustrate how this characterological persona is not monolithic; nor does it remain uncontested but is constantly being (re)negotiated in the media. By drawing attention to those humorous performances that rhetorically make fun of entrenched stereotypes, the article explores the subversive, as well as disciplinary, potentials of this kind of humour. Read together, the examples in this article indicate that the ‘exemplary speaker’ (Androutsopoulos, 2016) of Swedish contemporary urban vernaculars can be laughed at and with but cannot easily be fixed into a unified homogenous figure.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, et al.
(author)
-
Narrativ analys
- 2021
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In: Kvalitativa metoder helt enkelt!. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144142913 ; , s. 257-281
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1973
(author)
-
Optical geometry across the horizon
- 2006
-
In: Classical and Quantum Gravity. - : IOP Publishing. - 0264-9381 .- 1361-6382. ; 23:1, s. 77-89
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In a recent paper (Jonsson and Westman 2006 Class. Quantum Grav. 23 61), a generalization of optical geometry, assuming a non-shearing reference congruence, is discussed. Here we illustrate that this formalism can be applied to (a finite four-volume) of any spherically symmetric spacetime. In particular we apply the formalism, using a non-static reference congruence, to do optical geometry across the horizon of a static black hole. While the resulting geometry in principle is time dependent, we can choose the reference congruence in such a manner that an embedding of the geometry always looks the same. Relative to the embedded geometry the reference points are then moving. We discuss the motion of photons, inertial forces and gyroscope precession in this framework.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Jonsson, Rickard, 1971-
(author)
-
Swedes Can’t Swear : Making Fun at a Multiethnic Secondary School
- 2018
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In: Journal of Language, Identity & Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1534-8458 .- 1532-7701. ; 17:5, s. 320-335
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the last decade, Sweden has witnessed a significant increase in public attention concerning the following interrelated linguistic phenomena: (a) a linguistic style labelled “Rinkeby Swedish,” (b) specific “Rinkeby Swedish words” that have been perceived as disparaging in Swedish public debate, and (c) a specific young male immigrant identity indexed by this linguistic style. Drawing on ethnographically collected data and naturally occurring talk in a multi-ethnic Swedish upper secondary school, this article examines a possible shift in language ideology, whereby tabooed words and urban youth styles are not dismissed by the school institution but are incorporated in teaching activities. Furthermore, it is argued that there are reasons to look for other interactional accomplishments than solely identity in the use of urban youth styles. The article shows how identity may be used as a resource in the construction of social hierarchies as well as interactional enjoyment among some male students.
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