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- Johnsson, Filip, 1960, et al.
(author)
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In-furnace processes in a 235 MWe CFB boiler
- 2002
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In: Proc. of the 7th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds. - 9780920804988 ; , s. 607-614
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In an experimental project funded by the 5th Framework Programme of the European Community (EC), different measurement techniques are used to analyze in-furnace processes in a 235 MWe Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler in Turow, Poland. The purpose of the project is to assess the insufficiently known features of large-scale CFB boilers. The furnace of the boiler has a cross-section of 21 x 10 meters and a height of 43 meters. The boiler is operated on a local brown coal. Steady state, as well as dynamic conditions, are studied. The project is unique in two respects: Firstly, several measurement ports are provided in the large CFB furnace for in-situ measurements in various locations on the furnace. Secondly, a number of measurement techniques are employed. These facilitate studies of hydrodynamic processes as well as local variations in gas components (such as O2, CO, THC) and solids materials. The paper describes the measurement techniques and provides examples of the first (hydrodynamic) results obtained by the in-situ measurements.
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- Kallner Bastviken, Sofia, et al.
(author)
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Potential nitrification and denitrification on different surfaces in a constructed treatment wetland
- 2004
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In: Journal of environmental quality. - 0047-2425. ; 32:6, s. 2414-2420
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Improved understanding of the importance of different surfaces in supporting attached nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria is essential if we are to optimize the N removal capacity of treatment wetlands. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the nitrifying and denitrifying capacity of different surfaces in a constructed treatment wetland and to assess the relative importance of these surfaces for overall N removal in the wetland. Intact sediment cores, old pine and spruce twigs, shoots of Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.), and filamentous macro-algae were collected in July and November 1999 in two basins of the wetland system. One of the basins had been constructed on land that contained lots of wood debris, particularly twigs of coniferous trees. Potential nitrification was measured using the isotope-dilution technique, and potential denitrification was determined using the acetylene-inhibition technique in laboratory microcosm incubations. Nitrification rates were highest on the twigs. These rates were three and 100 times higher than in the sediment and on Eurasian watermilfoil, respectively. Potential denitrification rates were highest in the sediment. These rates were three times higher than on the twigs and 40 times higher than on Eurasian watermilfoil. The distribution of denitrifying bacteria was most likely due to the availability of organic material, with higher denitrification rates in the sediment than on surfaces in the water column. Our results indicate that denitrification, and particularly nitrification, in treatment wetlands could be significantly increased by addition of surfaces such as twigs.
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- Kallner, G, et al.
(author)
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Unusual cause of aortic bioprosthesis dysfunction
- 2006
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In: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1010-7940. ; 29:6, s. 1048-1048
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- Sarkar, N., et al.
(author)
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Effects of intramyocardial injection of phVEGF-A(165) as sole therapy in patients with refractory coronary artery disease - 12-month follow-up : Angiogenic gene therapy
- 2001
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In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 250:5, s. 373-381
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective. To test the safety and bioactivity of phVEGF-A(165) after intramyocardial injection during 12-month follow-up. Design. Open-labelled study. Subjects. Inclusion criteria were angina pectoris, Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) class III-IV, unamenable to further revascularization, ejection fraction (EF) >30%, perfusion defects extending over >10% of the anterolateral left ventricle wall detectable with adenosine single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) and at least one patent vessel visible by coronary angiography. Seven of 39 patients referred for gene therapy were included. Intervention. Via a mini-thoracotomy under general anaesthesia, phVEGF-A(165) was injected directly into the myocardium at four sites in the anterolateral region of the left ventricle. Results. Operative procedures were uneventful. Perioperative release of myocardial markers and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes were detected in two patients. There were no perioperative deaths but one patient died 7 months postoperatively because of myocardial infarction. Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A levels increased two to threefold peaking 6 days postoperatively (P<0.004) and returning to baseline by day 30. A significant reduction in angina pectoris was reported. The CCS class improved from 3.30.2 to 1.9 +/-0.3 (P<0.01) and nitroglycerine intake decreased from 3915 to 12 +/-5 tablets week(-1) (P<0.001) 2 months after gene transfer. Improvements remained after 12 months when nitroglycerine consumption approached zero. Improved myocardial function in the phVEGF-A(165) injection region was documented in all patients (P<0.016) by tissue velocity imaging (TVI). Reduced reversible ischaemia was detected by adenosine SPECT in four patients. Improved collateralization was detected in four patients with coronary angiography. Conclusion. Intramyocardial injection of phVEGF-A(165) is safe and may lead to improved myocardial perfusion and function with longstanding symptomatic relief in end-stage angina pectoris. Based on these results this therapeutic potential is being tested in a double-blind placebo controlled multicentre trial, EUROINJECT ONE.
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- Sylven, C., et al.
(author)
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Myocardial Doppler tissue velocity improves following myocardial gene therapy with VEGF-A(165) plasmid in patients with inoperable angina pectoris
- 2001
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In: Coronary Artery Disease. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0954-6928 .- 1473-5830. ; 12:3, s. 239-243
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Myocardial tissue velocity and perfusion were studied in patients with severe angina pectoris following gene therapy by intramyocardial injection of phVEGF-A(165) via thoracotomy. Plasma concentrations of VEGF-A increased postoperatively. Two months after treatment anginal status and myocardial tissue velocity improved and perfusion showed a tendency to improve. Tissue velocity imaging appears to be a sensitive, objective method for detecting changes in myocardial function following gene therapy. Objective To study effects on myocardial tissue velocity and perfusion in patients with angina pectoris following intramyocardial injection of phVEGF-A(165) via thoracotomy. Design Open label, phase I/II. Methods Six patients with Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina pectoris functional Glass III - IV and with major defects at adenosine stress single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) were studied. In addition to SPECT, coronary angiography and dobutamine stress echocardiography with tissue Doppler velocity imaging were performed before and two months after gene transfer. Results Plasma concentrations of VEGF-A increased 2 to 3 times (P < 0.04) over baseline from 2 to 14 days after injection with normalization after 4 weeks. The CCS class improved about 40%, from 3.3 +/- 0.2 to 2.0 +/- 0.3 (P < 0.02) and nitroglycerine consumption decreased 30 - 40%, from 44 +/- 17 to 15 +/- 5 tablets per week (P < 0.05). The maximal systolic myocardial tissue velocity increased in all patients about 25% (P < 0.02) but did not reach the reference range. Myocardial perfusion at SPECT improved in four of the six patients. Conclusions Anginal status, myocardial tissue velocity and perfusion can be improved by phVEGF-A(165) intramyocardial injection. Tissue velocity imaging appears to be a sensitive, objective method for detecting changes in myocardial function following gene therapy. Coron Artery Dis 12:239-243
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